Uncovering device for mulching film on tobacco field ridge

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and particularly relates to a tobacco field ridge mulching film uncovering device which comprises a cart and film uncovering devices arranged on the two sides of the cart, each film uncovering device comprises a roller frame connected with the cart and a film uncovering roller rotationally arranged on the roller frame, one end of a roller shaft of each film uncovering roller is in transmission connection with a callback assembly on the roller frame, and the other end of the roller shaft of each film uncovering roller is in transmission connection with the callback assembly. And the other end is in transmission connection with a roller shaft of the trolley through a transmission assembly. The tobacco ridge film uncovering machine is simple in structure, tobacco ridge film uncovering operation can be rapidly achieved, the whole operation process is simple, and labor intensity can be lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and in particular relates to a device for removing ground film on tobacco field ridges. Background Art

[0002] The transplanting period of tobacco seedlings is in the middle and late spring, and the temperature of the growing environment is relatively low, so it is necessary to lay ground film on the tobacco ridges to ensure the heat preservation and moisture retention of the tobacco seedlings after transplanting. However, as the tobacco seedlings enter the clustering stage and the early stage of the vigorous growth period, the presence of the ground film has affected the subsequent topdressing operation and has no protective effect on the tobacco plants, so the ground film needs to be removed. The existing technology mostly uses manual tearing of the ground film, but the ground film itself is soft and exposed to the outside world for a long time. Unstable force can easily cause the ground film to break repeatedly, so the overall operation is relatively cumbersome. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for removing film on tobacco field ridges. The device has a simple structure and can quickly realize the film removal operation on tobacco ridges. The overall operation process is simple and can reduce labor intensity.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A device for removing ground film on tobacco field ridges comprises a cart and film removers arranged on both sides of the cart, the film remover comprises a roller frame connected to the cart and a film removing roller rotatably arranged on the roller frame, one end of the roller shaft of the film removing roller is transmission connected to a callback component on the roller frame, and the other end is transmission connected to the roller shaft of the cart through a transmission component.

[0005] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a driving pulley coaxially fixed on the roller shaft, a driven pulley is sleeved on the roller shaft of the film peeling roller, a tensioning rod is also provided on the bracket of the roller, a tensioning wheel is rotatably provided at the end of the tensioning rod, and the driving pulley, the driven pulley and the tensioning wheel are connected by a belt transmission formed by a tensioned belt.

[0006] Preferably, the driven pulley is assembled with the roller shaft of the film peeling roller via a one-way bearing.

[0007] Preferably, the belt comprises toothed belt sections and slipping sections which are distributed at intervals, the toothed belt sections are longer than the slipping sections and the toothed belt sections are meshed with the pulley and the tensioning wheel for transmission.

[0008] Preferably, flanges are fixedly provided at both ends of the roller body of the film peeling roller, and limiting grooves which are parallel to each other and extend radially are opened on the opposite sides of the two flanges. Slide blocks which slide with the limiting grooves are provided at both ends of the curved plate arranged parallel to the film peeling roller, and the slider is also provided with a limiting rod which passes through the limiting groove to the outside, and a limiting spring is sleeved on the rod body of the limiting rod.

[0009] Preferably, the roller body and the roller shaft of the film peeling roller are both hollow structures and are connected, and the end of the roller shaft away from the film breaking device is connected to an external air source; The roller body is provided with a plurality of air-distributing cylinders arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction, and an air-tight plug is provided in the air-distributing cylinder for air-tightness. A fastening rod is provided on the top of the air-tight plug, and the top of the fastening rod is sharp. The air-distributing cylinder at the bottom of the air-tight plug is connected with the internal space of the roller body. The plate body of the curved plate is provided with through holes at positions corresponding to the fastening rods.

[0010] Preferably, the gas source includes a main gas cylinder arranged on the cart, one end of the main gas cylinder is airtightly provided with a rubber plug, the main gas cylinder below the rubber plug is provided with an output end and the output end is connected and communicated with the exhaust pipe through a hose, and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe is airtightly rotatably connected with the end of the roller shaft through a rotating ring.

[0011] Preferably, the callback assembly includes a positioning ring rotatably connected to the roller frame through a cylindrical damper, and a callback rod having one end passing through the positioning ring and fixedly connected to the roller shaft, and the other end fixedly provided with a callback disk; The callback plate is sleeved with a scroll spring, one end of which is connected to the positioning ring, and the other end is connected to the callback plate. The cylindrical damper comprises at least two cylinders with extrusion friction, and the outermost and innermost cylinders are respectively connected to the inner ring wall of the positioning ring and the roller frame.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of positioning screw holes are circumferentially and evenly spaced on the annular surface of the positioning ring, a positioning plate radially extending relative to the positioning ring is screwed into one of the positioning screw holes through a positioning bolt, and a groove for clamping the end of the spiral spring is provided on the positioning plate.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the tensioning rod is vertically slidably matched with a slide groove provided on the supporting leg through a protrusion, and a tensioning spring is provided between the protrusion and the end of the slide groove.

[0014] The working process of the present invention is as follows: When it is necessary to remove the ground film, the present invention is moved to the ridge, and the ground film at the ridge head is firstly broken into two halves from the width center, and then the two sections of the ground film are clamped on the film-removing roller respectively: Pull up the curved plate so that it overcomes the elastic force of the limit spring and separates from the roller body, then place the end of the ground film between the curved plate and the roller body and reset the curved plate to complete the initial fixation of the ground film. Then operate the rubber plug inside the main air cylinder to move, so that the air in the main air cylinder is pumped into the hose → exhaust pipe → the hollow part of the roller body and finally pushes the airtight plug upward in the sub-air cylinder, so that the fastening rod is inserted into the through hole of the curved plate and the ground film is fastened at the same time, completing the final fixation of the end of the ground film.

[0015] Then the cart starts to be pushed along the tobacco ridge, and the roller axle drives the corresponding film peeling roller to rotate in the same direction through the active pulley-belt-driven pulley-one-way bearing (due to the existence of the rotating ring, the turnover of the film peeling roller and its roller shaft will not cause the exhaust pipe to rotate, and the tensioning spring always keeps pushing the tensioning rod upward, thereby achieving the tensioning of the belt), and the ground film clamped by the film peeling roller is rolled up during the rotation process. Since the ground film has been cut open during the previous tobacco seeding operation to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation, and the ground film near the roots of the tobacco plants has also been broken to complete the tobacco plant seedling removal operation, the ground film can be continuously torn into two halves and rolled up and wrapped by the film rolling roller during this film peeling operation.

[0016] However, if the length of the chimney is large, the relative length of the ground film is also large, so as the ground film is wound on the film stripping roller, its overall outer diameter gradually increases, resulting in the displacement of the cart not being able to meet the winding progress of the film stripping roller, which can easily cause the ground film to be over-tightened and broken; therefore, the present application designs a callback component to solve the corresponding problem: When the cart just starts, the belt drives the driven pulley to rotate through the toothed belt segment, and the driven pulley drives the film peeling roller to rotate forward through the one-way bearing, thereby driving the call-back rod to rotate forward, and the call-back plate fixedly connected to the call-back rod also rotates forward. However, due to the damping effect between the positioning ring and the roller frame, and the elastic force of the scroll spring is not enough to resist the damping effect, the forward rotation of the call-back plate will first cause the scroll spring to be squeezed and deformed and give the film peeling roller a tendency to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, when the scroll spring reaches the maximum deformation value, it will be forced to overcome the damping effect to achieve the synchronous rotation of the positioning ring and maintain the maximum deformation of the scroll spring.

[0017] However, when the slipping section of the belt (the slipping section of the belt presents a smooth belt body) reaches the driven flat pulley, the driven pulley cannot rotate; and because the driven pulley and the roller shaft are assembled through a one-way bearing, the roller shaft and the film-removing roller can achieve reverse rotation under the effect of the reset elastic force of the vortex spring, thereby releasing a certain length of ground film. When the toothed belt section of the belt contacts the driven pulley again, the driven pulley will drive the film-removing roller to continue to rotate forward and compress the vortex spring again and drive the rotation of the positioning ring. It should be noted that the length of each film-removing roller rewinding not only includes the rewinding amount during the time period of compressing the vortex spring, but also includes the rewinding amount during the time period of driving the positioning ring to rotate, while the length of each film-removing roller unwinding only includes the rewinding amount during the time period of resetting the vortex spring. Therefore, the overall ground film presents a repeated operation of long rewinding-short unwinding, which can compensate for the corresponding variable that the rewinding efficiency is greater than the cart moving efficiency, and effectively prevent the ground film from being excessively rewound and stretched and broken.

[0018] At the same time, the relative positions of the positioning ring and the callback plate can be adjusted by adjusting the relative positions of the positioning plate and the positioning ring, thereby realizing the adjustment of the initial deformation of the scroll spring, which is reflected in the adjustment of the deformation of the scroll spring during each winding and unwinding process. The purpose is to adjust the tension limit strength of the film peeling roller on the film according to the weathering degree of the film: The positioning plate drives the callback disk to rotate and moves the positioning plate to the target positioning screw hole of the positioning ring, and the positioning plate and the positioning ring are connected by the positioning bolts, and the initial deformation of the scroll spring is fixed at the same time. Specifically, if the weathering degree of the ground film is high, the initial deformation of the scroll spring is set to be small, and a larger length of ground film can be unwound each time; if the weathering degree of the ground film is low, the initial deformation of the scroll spring is set to be large, and a smaller length of ground film can be unwound each time.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention has a simple structure, can realize the film cutting and film peeling operations in multiple growth stages of tobacco plants, the overall operation process is simple and can free up manpower, and has high application and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ground film removal device described in a specific implementation method; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the film peeling roller described in the specific implementation method; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the callback component described in the specific implementation method; Figure 4 It is an exploded diagram of the callback component described in the specific implementation method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a device for removing ground film on a tobacco field ridge comprises a cart 1 spanning across both sides of a tobacco ridge, a film remover is provided at the bottom of the cart 1 on both sides of the tobacco ridge, the film remover comprises a roller frame 31 and a film remover roller 32 rotatably arranged on the roller frame 31 via a roller shaft 33, flanges 34 are fixedly arranged at both ends of the roller body of the film remover roller 32, and limiting grooves 35 which are parallel to each other and extend radially are provided on opposite sides of the two flanges 34, sliders 52 which are slidably matched with the limiting grooves 35 are provided at both ends of a curved plate 5 arranged parallel to the film remover roller 32, the slider 52 is also provided with a limiting rod 54 which penetrates the limiting groove 35 to the outside, and a limiting spring 53 is sleeved on the rod body of the limiting rod 54; The roller body and roller shaft 33 of the film peeling roller 32 are both hollow structures and are connected. The end of the roller shaft 33 away from the film breaking device is air-tightly connected to the exhaust pipe 23 through a rotating ring 24. A main air cylinder 21 is provided on the trolley. A rubber plug is air-tightly provided at one end of the main air cylinder 21. The main air cylinder below the rubber plug is provided with an output end, and the output end is connected and communicated with the exhaust pipe 23 through a hose 22. The roller body 32 is pierced with a plurality of air sub-cylinders 35 arranged axially at equal intervals. An air-tight plug 36 is air-tightly fitted inside the air sub-cylinder 35. A fastening rod 37 is provided on the top of the air-tight plug 36, and the top of the fastening rod 37 is sharp. The air sub-cylinder 35 at the bottom of the air-tight plug 36 is communicated with the internal space of the roller body. The plate body of the curved panel 5 is provided with a through hole 51 corresponding to the fastening rod 37.

[0023] A driving pulley 17 is coaxially fixed on the roller axle of the cart, and the outer wall of the roller axle 33 of the film peeling roller is assembled with the driven pulley 18 through a one-way bearing 110. A slide groove 12 is also provided on the bracket 11 of the roller. One end of the tensioning rod 15 vertically slides with the slide groove 12 through a protrusion 13, and a tensioning spring 14 is provided between the protrusion 13 and the end of the slide groove 12. A tensioning wheel 16 is rotatably provided at the other end of the tensioning rod 15. The belt 19 includes toothed belt sections and slipping sections that are distributed at intervals. The length of the toothed belt section is greater than the slipping section, and the toothed belt section is meshed with the pulley and the tensioning wheel 16 for transmission. The driving pulley 17, the driven pulley 18 and the tensioning wheel 16 are connected by a belt transmission formed by the belt 19; The roller frame 31 is provided with a callback assembly 4 at one end close to the film breaking device, including a positioning ring 41 rotatably connected to the roller frame 31 through a cylindrical damper 48, and a plurality of positioning screw holes 42 are opened on the annular surface of the positioning ring 41 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a positioning plate 46 extending radially relative to the positioning ring 41 is screwed into one of the positioning screw holes 42 through a positioning bolt 47; One end of the callback rod 43 passes through the positioning ring 41 and is fixedly connected to the roller shaft 33, and the other end is fixedly provided with a callback plate 44. A volute spring 45 is sleeved on the callback plate 44, and one end of the volute spring 45 is engaged with a preset groove on the callback plate 44, and the other end is engaged with a preset groove on the positioning plate 46.

[0024] The working process of the present invention is as follows: When it is necessary to remove the ground film, the present invention is moved to the ridge, and the ground film at the ridge head is firstly broken into two halves from the width center, and then the two sections of the ground film are clamped on the film-removing roller respectively: The curved plate 5 is pulled upward so that it overcomes the elastic force of the limit spring 53 and separates from the roller body, and then the end of the ground film is placed between the curved plate 5 and the roller body and the curved plate 5 is reset to complete the preliminary fixation of the ground film. Then the rubber plug inside the main air cylinder 21 is operated to move, so that the air in the main air cylinder 21 is pumped into the hose 22 → exhaust pipe 23 → the hollow part of the roller body and finally pushes the airtight plug 36 to move upward in the sub-air cylinder 35, so that the fastening rod 37 is inserted into the through hole 51 of the curved plate 5 and the ground film is fastened at the same time, completing the final fixation of the end of the ground film.

[0025] Then the cart 1 starts to be pushed along the tobacco ridge, and the roller axle drives the corresponding film peeling roller 32 to rotate in the same direction through the active pulley 17-belt 19-driven pulley 18-one-way bearing 110 (due to the existence of the rotating ring 24, the rotation of the film peeling roller 32 and its roller shaft 33 will not cause the exhaust pipe 23 to rotate, and the tensioning spring 14 always keeps pushing the tensioning rod 15 upward, thereby achieving the tensioning of the belt 19), and the film peeling roller 32 is rotated to reel in the clamped ground film. Since the ground film has been cut open in the early tobacco seeding operation to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation, and the ground film near the tobacco plant root system has also been broken to complete the tobacco plant seedling removal operation, the ground film can be continuously torn into two halves and reeled and wound by the film rolling roller during this film peeling operation.

[0026] However, if the length of the chimney is large, the relative length of the ground film is also large, so as the ground film is wound on the film stripping roller 32, its overall outer diameter gradually increases, resulting in the displacement of the cart not being able to meet the winding progress of the film stripping roller 32, which can easily cause the ground film to be over-tightened and broken; therefore, the present application designs a callback component 4 to solve the corresponding problem: When the cart just starts, the belt 19 drives the driven pulley 18 to rotate through the toothed belt segment, and the driven pulley 18 drives the film peeling roller 32 to rotate forwardly through the one-way bearing 110, thereby driving the callback rod 43 to rotate forwardly, and the callback plate 44 fixedly connected to the callback rod 43 also rotates forwardly, but due to the damping effect between the positioning ring 41 and the roller frame 31, and the elastic force of the spiral spring 45 is not enough to resist the damping effect, the forward rotation of the callback plate 44 will first cause the spiral spring 45 to be squeezed and deformed and give the film peeling roller 32 a tendency to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, when the spiral spring 45 reaches the maximum deformation value, it will be forced to overcome the damping effect to achieve the synchronous rotation of the positioning ring 41 and maintain the maximum deformation of the spiral spring 45.

[0027] However, when the slipping section of the belt 19 (the slipping section of the belt presents a smooth belt body) reaches the driven flat pulley 18, the driven pulley 18 cannot rotate; and because the driven pulley 18 and the roller shaft 33 are assembled through the one-way bearing 110, the roller shaft 33 and the film peeling roller 32 can achieve reverse rotation under the effect of the reset elastic force of the vortex spring 45, thereby releasing a certain length of ground film. When the toothed belt section of the belt 19 contacts the driven pulley 18 again, the driven pulley 18 will drive the film peeling roller 32 to continue to rotate forward and compress the vortex spring 45 again and drive the rotation of the positioning ring 41. It should be noted that the length of each film peeling roller 32 winding not only includes the winding amount of the time period of compressing the vortex spring 45, but also includes the winding amount of the time period of driving the positioning ring 41 to rotate, while the length of each film peeling roller unwinding only includes the winding amount of the time period of resetting the vortex spring 45. Therefore, the overall ground film presents a repeated operation of long winding and short unwinding, which can compensate for the corresponding variable that the winding efficiency is greater than the cart moving efficiency, and effectively prevent the ground film from being broken due to excessive winding and tensioning.

[0028] At the same time, the relative positions of the positioning plate 46 and the positioning ring 41 can be adjusted to adjust the relative positions of the positioning ring 41 and the callback plate 44, thereby realizing the adjustment of the initial deformation of the volute spring 45, and reflecting the adjustment of the deformation of the volute spring 45 during each winding and unwinding process, with the purpose of adjusting the tension limit strength of the film peeling roller 32 on the film according to the weathering degree of the film: The positioning plate 46 drives the callback plate 44 to rotate and moves the positioning plate 46 to the target positioning screw hole 42 of the positioning ring, and the positioning plate 46 and the positioning ring 41 are connected by the positioning bolt 47, and the initial deformation of the spiral spring 45 is fixed. Specifically, if the weathering degree of the ground film is high, the initial deformation of the spiral spring 45 is set to be small, and a larger length of ground film can be unwound each time; if the weathering degree of the ground film is low, the initial deformation of the spiral spring 45 is set to be large, and a smaller length of ground film can be unwound each time.

Claims

1. A tobacco field ridge film removal device, comprising a cart and film removers arranged on both sides of the cart, characterized in that: The film peeling device comprises a roller frame connected to the trolley and a film peeling roller rotatably arranged on the roller frame, one end of the roller shaft of the film peeling roller is transmission connected to the callback component on the roller frame, and the other end is transmission connected to the roller shaft of the trolley through the transmission component.

2. The tobacco field ridge film removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a driving pulley coaxially fixed on the roller shaft, a driven pulley is sleeved on the roller shaft of the film peeling roller, a tensioning rod is also provided on the bracket of the roller, and a tensioning wheel is rotatably provided at the end of the tensioning rod. The driving pulley, the driven pulley and the tensioning wheel are connected by a belt transmission formed by a tensioned belt.

3. The tobacco field ridge film removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driven pulley is assembled with the roller shaft of the film peeling roller through a one-way bearing.

4. The tobacco field ridge film removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The belt comprises toothed belt sections and slipping sections which are distributed at intervals. The toothed belt sections are longer than the slipping sections and the toothed belt sections are meshed with pulleys and tensioning wheels for transmission.

5. The tobacco field ridge film removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Flanges are fixedly provided at both ends of the roller body of the film peeling roller, and limiting grooves which are parallel to each other and extend radially are opened on the opposite sides of the two flanges. Slide blocks which slide with the limiting grooves are provided at both ends of the curved plate arranged parallel to the film peeling roller. The slider is also provided with a limiting rod which passes through the limiting groove to the outside, and a limiting spring is sleeved on the rod body of the limiting rod.

6. The tobacco field ridge film removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The roller body and the roller shaft of the film stripping roller are both hollow and connected, and one end of the roller shaft away from the film breaking device is connected to an external air source; The roller body is provided with a plurality of air-distributing cylinders arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction, and an air-tight plug is provided in the air-distributing cylinder for air-tightness. A fastening rod is provided on the top of the air-tight plug, and the top of the fastening rod is sharp. The air-distributing cylinder at the bottom of the air-tight plug is connected with the internal space of the roller body. The plate body of the curved plate is provided with through holes at positions corresponding to the fastening rods.

7. The device for removing mulch film from tobacco field ridges according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas source includes a main gas cylinder arranged on the cart, one end of the main gas cylinder is airtightly provided with a rubber plug, the main gas cylinder below the rubber plug is provided with an output end and the output end is connected and communicated with the exhaust pipe through a hose, and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe is airtightly rotatably connected with the end of the roller shaft through a rotating ring.

8. The tobacco field ridge film removal device according to claim 1, wherein the callback assembly comprises a positioning ring rotatably connected to the roller frame through a cylindrical damper, and a callback rod having one end passing through the positioning ring and fixedly connected to the roller shaft and the other end fixedly provided with a callback disk; A scroll spring is sleeved on the callback plate, one end of the scroll spring is connected to the positioning ring, and the other end is connected to the callback plate.

9. The tobacco field ridge film removal device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The annular surface of the positioning ring is provided with a plurality of positioning screw holes at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a positioning plate radially extending relative to the positioning ring is screwed into one of the positioning screw holes through a positioning bolt, and a groove for clamping the end of the volute spring is provided on the positioning plate.

10. The device for removing mulch film from tobacco field ridges according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the tensioning rod is vertically slidably matched with a sliding groove provided on the supporting leg through a protrusion, and a tensioning spring is provided between the protrusion and the end of the sliding groove.

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