Tobacco field ridge mulch removing device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and particularly relates to a mulch removing device for tobacco ridge in a field, which comprises a cart and mulch removers arranged on both sides of the cart. The mulch remover comprises a roller frame connected with the cart and a mulch roller rotatably arranged on the roller frame. One end of a roller shaft of the mulch roller is in transmission connection with a returning component on the roller frame, and the other end is in transmission connection with a roller axle of a roller of the cart through a transmission component. The present application has simple structure, can quickly realize mulch removing operation for tobacco ridge, has simple overall operation process and can reduce labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tobacco planting technology, and in particular relates to a device for removing plastic film from ridges in tobacco fields. Background Technology

[0002] The transplanting period for tobacco seedlings is in the mid-to-late spring, when the ambient temperature is low, so it is necessary to cover the tobacco rows with mulch to ensure the seedlings are kept warm and moist after transplanting. However, as the seedlings enter the rosette stage and the early stage of vigorous growth, the presence of mulch affects later topdressing and provides no protection for the plants, so the mulch needs to be removed. Current techniques mostly involve manually tearing the mulch, but the mulch itself is soft and exposed to the elements for a long time, making it prone to repeated tearing due to unstable force, resulting in a rather cumbersome operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device for removing mulch film on tobacco ridges. This invention has a simple structure, can quickly realize the mulch film removal operation on tobacco ridges, and the overall operation process is simple and can reduce labor intensity.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A device for removing plastic film from ridges in tobacco fields includes a trolley and film removers disposed on both sides of the trolley. The film remover includes a roller frame connected to the trolley and a film-removing roller rotatably disposed on the roller frame. One end of the roller shaft of the film-removing roller is drivenly connected to a return assembly on the roller frame, and the other end is drivenly connected to the roller shaft of the trolley through a transmission assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a drive pulley coaxially fixed on the roller shaft, a driven pulley sleeved on the roller shaft of the film-removing roller, a tension rod on the roller bracket, and a tension wheel rotatably mounted at the end of the tension rod. The drive pulley, the driven pulley, and the tension wheel are connected by a belt drive through a tensioned belt.

[0007] Preferably, the driven pulley is assembled with the roller shaft of the film-peeling roller via a one-way bearing.

[0008] Preferably, the belt includes spaced toothed sections and slip sections, the length of the toothed sections is greater than that of the slip sections, and the toothed sections mesh with the pulley and tensioner for transmission.

[0009] Preferably, the two ends of the film-removing roller are fixedly provided with flanges, and the opposite sides of the two flanges are provided with mutually parallel and radially extending limiting grooves. The two ends of the curved panel arranged parallel to the film-removing roller are provided with sliders that slide in cooperation with the limiting grooves. The sliders are also provided with limiting rods that penetrate through the limiting grooves to the outside. A limiting spring is sleeved on the rod body of the limiting rod.

[0010] Preferably, the roller body and roller shaft of the film-removing roller are both hollow and connected, and the end of the roller shaft away from the film-breaking device is connected to an external air source.

[0011] Several axially spaced air distribution cylinders are installed on the roller body. An airtight plug is installed inside the air distribution cylinder. A fastening rod is provided at the top of the airtight plug and the top of the fastening rod is sharp. The air distribution cylinder at the bottom of the airtight plug is connected to the internal space of the roller body.

[0012] The curved panel has through holes at the corresponding fastening rods.

[0013] Preferably, the air source includes a main air cylinder mounted on a trolley, one end of which is airtightly fitted with a rubber stopper, and the main air cylinder below the rubber stopper is provided with an output end, which is connected to and communicates with an exhaust pipe via a flexible hose. The outer wall of the exhaust pipe is airtightly rotatably connected to the end of a roller shaft via a rotating ring.

[0014] Preferably, the retraction assembly includes a positioning ring rotatably connected to the roller frame via a cylindrical damper, and a retraction rod with one end passing through the positioning ring and fixedly connected to the roller shaft, and the other end fixedly provided with a retraction disc;

[0015] A spiral spring is fitted onto the return plate, with one end of the spiral spring connected to the positioning ring and the other end connected to the return plate. The cylindrical damper includes at least two cylinders with compressive friction, with the outermost and innermost cylinders respectively connected to the inner ring wall of the positioning ring and the roller frame.

[0016] Preferably, the positioning ring has several positioning screw holes evenly spaced circumferentially on its surface, and the positioning plate, which extends radially relative to the positioning ring, is fitted with one of the positioning screw holes by a positioning bolt, and the positioning plate has a groove for engaging the end of the spiral spring.

[0017] Preferably, the end of the tensioning rod slides vertically with a groove on the support leg via a protrusion, and a tensioning spring is provided between the end of the protrusion and the groove.

[0018] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0019] When it is necessary to remove the plastic film, move the present invention to the tobacco ridge, first break the plastic film at the ridge head into two halves from the center of the width, and then clamp the two halves of the plastic film onto the film-removing roller:

[0020] Pulling up the curved panel causes it to overcome the spring force of the limiting spring and separate from the roller. Then, the end of the mulch film is placed between the curved panel and the roller, and the curved panel is reset, completing the initial fixing of the mulch film. Next, the rubber plug inside the main air cylinder is moved, causing air from the main air cylinder to be pumped into the hose → exhaust pipe → hollow part of the roller, and finally pushing the airtight plug upward in the air distribution cylinder, so that the fastening rod is inserted into the through hole of the curved panel and simultaneously secures the mulch film, completing the final fixing of the end of the mulch film.

[0021] Then, the trolley is pushed along the tobacco rows. The roller axle drives the corresponding film-unwrapping roller to rotate in the same direction via a drive pulley-belt-driven pulley-one-way bearing (due to the presence of the rotating ring, the rotation of the film-unwrapping roller and its axle does not cause the exhaust pipe to rotate; the tension spring constantly pushes the tension rod upward, thus achieving belt tension). During the rotation of the film-unwrapping roller, the clamped mulch film is wound up. Since the mulch film has already been cut open during the previous tobacco planting process to achieve heat dissipation, and the mulch film near the tobacco plant roots has also been broken to complete the tobacco plant removal operation, the mulch film can be continuously torn into two halves and wound up by the film-winding roller during this film-unwrapping operation.

[0022] However, if the tobacco ridge is long, the mulch film is also relatively long. As the mulch film winds around the unwinding roller, its overall outer diameter gradually increases. This causes the trolley's movement to be insufficient to keep up with the unwinding roller's winding progress, which can easily lead to the mulch film being overstretched and breaking. Therefore, this application designs a retraction component to solve the corresponding problem.

[0023] When the trolley starts moving, the belt drives the driven pulley to rotate through the toothed belt segment. The driven pulley drives the film-unwrapping roller to rotate forward through the one-way bearing, which in turn drives the return rod to rotate forward. The return disc, which is fixedly connected to the return rod, also rotates forward. However, due to the damping effect between the positioning ring and the roller frame, and the insufficient elasticity of the spiral spring to resist this damping effect, the forward rotation of the return disc will first cause the spiral spring to be compressed and deformed, giving the film-unwrapping roller a tendency to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, when the spiral spring reaches its maximum deformation value, it will forcibly overcome the damping effect to achieve synchronous rotation of the positioning ring and maintain the maximum deformation of the spiral spring.

[0024] However, when the slippage section of the belt (the slippage section is a smooth, belt-like structure) reaches the driven pulley, the driven pulley cannot rotate. Furthermore, since the driven pulley and roller are assembled via a one-way bearing, the roller and the film-unwinding roller can rotate in the opposite direction under the restoring force of the spiral spring, thus releasing a certain length of mulch film. When the toothed section of the belt contacts the driven pulley again, the driven pulley will drive the film-unwinding roller to continue rotating forward, compressing the spiral spring again and causing the positioning ring to rotate. It should be noted that the length of each film-unwinding roller winding includes not only the winding amount during the compression of the spiral spring but also the winding amount during the rotation of the positioning ring, while the length of each film-unwinding roller unwinding only includes the winding amount during the spiral spring's restoring period. Therefore, the overall mulch film exhibits a repetitive winding-short unwinding operation, which compensates for the variable that the winding efficiency is greater than the trolley's movement efficiency, effectively preventing the mulch film from being excessively stretched and breaking during winding.

[0025] Simultaneously, the relative positions of the positioning ring and the return plate can be adjusted by adjusting the relative positions of the positioning plate and the positioning ring, thereby adjusting the initial deformation of the spiral spring. This adjustment is reflected in the deformation of the spiral spring during each winding and unwinding process. The purpose is to adjust the tensile strength of the film-unwinding roller on the film according to the degree of weathering of the film.

[0026] The positioning plate drives the return plate to rotate, moving the positioning plate to the target positioning screw hole of the positioning ring. The positioning plate and positioning ring are then connected via positioning bolts, simultaneously fixing the initial deformation of the spiral spring. Specifically, if the mulch film is highly weathered, the initial deformation of the spiral spring is set smaller, allowing for the unwinding of a larger length of mulch film each time; if the mulch film is poorly weathered, the initial deformation of the spiral spring is set larger, allowing for the unwinding of a smaller length of mulch film each time.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention has a simple structure and can realize the film application and film removal operations in multiple growth stages of tobacco plants. The overall operation process is simple and can free up manual labor, and has high application and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mulch film removal device described in a specific embodiment;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the film-removing roller described in a specific embodiment;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the callback component described in a specific implementation method;

[0031] Figure 4 An exploded view of the callback component described in a specific implementation. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-4As shown, a device for removing mulch film on tobacco field ridges includes a trolley 1 spanning both sides of the tobacco ridge. The bottom of the trolley 1 is also provided with a film-removing device on both sides of the tobacco ridge. The film-removing device includes a roller frame 31 and a film-removing roller 32 rotatably mounted on the roller frame 31 via a roller shaft 33. The two ends of the roller body of the film-removing roller 32 are fixedly provided with flanges 34. The opposite sides of the two flanges 34 are provided with mutually parallel and radially extending limiting grooves 35. The curved plate 5 arranged parallel to the film-removing roller 32 is provided with sliders 52 at both ends that slide in cooperation with the limiting grooves 35. The sliders 52 are also provided with limiting rods 54 that penetrate through the limiting grooves 35 to the outside. A limiting spring 53 is sleeved on the rod body of the limiting rod 54.

[0034] The roller body and roller shaft 33 of the film-removing roller 32 are both hollow and connected. The end of the roller shaft 33 away from the film-breaking device is airtightly connected to the exhaust pipe 23 through the rotating ring 24. The trolley is equipped with a main air cylinder 21. One end of the main air cylinder 21 is airtightly equipped with a rubber stopper. The main air cylinder below the rubber stopper is equipped with an output end, and the output end is connected to the exhaust pipe 23 through a hose 22. Several axially equally spaced air distribution cylinders 35 are installed on the roller body 32. An airtight plug 36 is airtightly fitted inside the air distribution cylinder 35. The top of the airtight plug 36 is equipped with a fastening rod 37, and the top of the fastening rod 37 is sharp. The air distribution cylinder 35 at the bottom of the airtight plug 36 is connected to the internal space of the roller body. The curved panel 5 has a through hole 51 at the corresponding fastening rod 37.

[0035] The trolley has a drive pulley 17 coaxially fixed on the roller shaft. The outer wall of the film-removing roller shaft 33 is assembled with the driven pulley 18 through a one-way bearing 110. The roller bracket 11 is also provided with a sliding groove 12. One end of the tension rod 15 is vertically slidably engaged with the sliding groove 12 through a protrusion 13. A tension spring 14 is provided between the protrusion 13 and the end of the sliding groove 12. The other end of the tension rod 15 is rotatably provided with a tension wheel 16. The belt 19 includes a toothed belt segment and a slip section distributed at intervals. The length of the toothed belt segment is greater than that of the slip section and the toothed belt segment meshes with the pulley and the tension wheel 16 for transmission. The drive pulley 17, the driven pulley 18 and the tension wheel 16 are connected by the belt 19 to form a belt drive.

[0036] The roller frame 31 is provided with a return assembly 4 at one end near the film breaking device, including a positioning ring 41 rotatably connected to the roller frame 31 through a cylindrical damper 48. The positioning ring 41 has several positioning screw holes 42 evenly spaced around its circumferential surface. A positioning plate 46 extending radially relative to the positioning ring 41 is screwed into one of the positioning screw holes 42 by a positioning bolt 47.

[0037] One end of the retraction rod 43 passes through the positioning ring 41 and is fixedly connected to the roller 33. The other end is fixedly provided with a retraction disc 44. A spiral spring 45 is sleeved on the retraction disc 44, and one end of the spiral spring 45 is engaged with a preset groove on the retraction disc 44, and the other end is engaged with a preset groove on the positioning plate 46.

[0038] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0039] When it is necessary to remove the plastic film, move the present invention to the tobacco ridge, first break the plastic film at the ridge head into two halves from the center of the width, and then clamp the two halves of the plastic film onto the film-removing roller:

[0040] Pulling up the curved panel 5 causes it to overcome the elastic force of the limiting spring 53 and separate from the roller. Then, the end of the mulch film is placed between the curved panel 5 and the roller, and the curved panel 5 is reset, completing the initial fixing of the mulch film. Then, the rubber plug inside the main air cylinder 21 is moved, causing air in the main air cylinder 21 to be pumped into the hose 22 → exhaust pipe 23 → hollow part of the roller, and finally pushing the airtight plug 36 upward in the air distribution cylinder 35, so that the fastening rod 37 is inserted into the through hole 51 of the curved panel 5 and simultaneously secures the mulch film, completing the final fixing of the end of the mulch film.

[0041] Then, the trolley 1 is pushed along the tobacco rows. The roller axle drives the corresponding film-unwrapping roller 32 to rotate in the same direction via the driving pulley 17-belt 19-driven pulley 18-one-way bearing 110 (due to the presence of the rotating ring 24, the rotation of the film-unwrapping roller 32 and its roller shaft 33 will not cause the exhaust pipe 23 to rotate; the tension spring 14 keeps pushing the tension rod 15 upward, thereby achieving tension on the belt 19). During the rotation of the film-unwrapping roller 32, the clamped mulch film is wound up. Since the mulch film has been cut open during the previous tobacco planting process to achieve heat dissipation, and the mulch film near the tobacco plant roots has also been broken to complete the tobacco plant removal operation, the mulch film can be continuously torn into two halves and wound up by the film-winding roller during this film-unwrapping operation.

[0042] However, if the tobacco ridge is long, the mulch film is also relatively long. As the mulch film winds around the unwinding roller 32, its overall outer diameter gradually increases. This causes the trolley's movement displacement to be insufficient to meet the winding progress of the unwinding roller 32, which can easily lead to the mulch film being overstretched and breaking. Therefore, this application designs a retraction component 4 to solve the corresponding problem.

[0043] When the trolley starts moving, belt 19 drives driven pulley 18 to rotate through toothed belt segment. Driven pulley 18 drives film-removing roller 32 to rotate forward through one-way bearing 110, which in turn drives return rod 43 to rotate forward. Return disc 44, which is fixedly connected to return rod 43, also rotates forward. However, due to the damping effect between positioning ring 41 and roller frame 31, and the insufficient elasticity of spiral spring 45 to resist the damping effect, the forward rotation of return disc 44 will first cause spiral spring 45 to be squeezed and deformed, giving film-removing roller 32 a tendency to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, when spiral spring 45 reaches its maximum deformation value, it will forcibly overcome the damping effect to achieve synchronous rotation of positioning ring 41 and maintain the maximum deformation of spiral spring 45.

[0044] However, when the slippage section of belt 19 (the slippage section of the belt has a smooth surface) reaches the driven flat pulley 18, the driven pulley 18 cannot rotate. Furthermore, since the driven pulley 18 and roller 33 are assembled via a one-way bearing 110, the roller 33 and the film-unwrapping roller 32 can rotate in the opposite direction under the restoring force of the spiral spring 45, thereby releasing a certain length of mulch film. When the toothed section of belt 19 contacts the driven pulley 18 again, the driven pulley 18 will drive the film-unwrapping roller 32 to continue rotating forward and compress the spiral spring 45 again, as well as drive the positioning ring 41 to rotate. It should be noted that the length of each film-unwrapping roller 32 winding includes not only the winding amount during the compression period of the spiral spring 45 but also the winding amount during the rotation period of the positioning ring 41, while the length of each film-unwrapping roller unwinding only includes the winding amount during the restoring period of the spiral spring 45. Therefore, the entire mulch film undergoes a repetitive process of long winding and short unwinding. This can compensate for the variable that the winding efficiency is greater than the trolley movement efficiency, effectively preventing the mulch film from being excessively stretched and broken during winding.

[0045] Simultaneously, the relative positions of the positioning ring 41 and the return plate 44 can be adjusted by adjusting the relative positions of the positioning plate 46 and the positioning ring 41, thereby adjusting the initial deformation of the spiral spring 45. This adjustment is reflected in the deformation of the spiral spring 45 during each winding and unwinding process. The purpose is to adjust the tensile strength of the film-unwinding roller 32 on the film according to the degree of weathering of the film.

[0046] The positioning plate 46 drives the return plate 44 to rotate, moving the positioning plate 46 to the target positioning screw hole 42 of the positioning ring. The positioning plate 46 and the positioning ring 41 are then connected via the positioning bolt 47, simultaneously fixing the initial deformation of the spiral spring 45. Specifically, if the mulch film is highly weathered, the initial deformation of the spiral spring 45 is set smaller, allowing for the unwinding of a larger length of mulch film each time; if the mulch film is poorly weathered, the initial deformation of the spiral spring 45 is set larger, allowing for the unwinding of a smaller length of mulch film each time.

Claims

1. A device for removing plastic film from ridges in tobacco fields, comprising a trolley and film-removing devices disposed on both sides of the trolley, characterized in that, The film peeler includes a roller frame connected to a trolley and a film peeling roller rotatably mounted on the roller frame. One end of the roller shaft of the film peeling roller is connected to a return assembly on the roller frame, and the other end is connected to the roller shaft of the trolley via a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly includes a drive pulley coaxially fixed on the roller shaft, a driven pulley sleeved on the roller shaft of the film-removing roller, a tension rod on the roller bracket, and a tension wheel rotatably mounted at the end of the tension rod. The drive pulley, the driven pulley, and the tension wheel are connected by a belt drive through a tensioned belt. The belt includes spaced toothed sections and slip sections, the length of the toothed sections is greater than that of the slip sections, and the toothed sections mesh with the pulley and tensioner for transmission. The retraction assembly includes a positioning ring that is rotatably connected to the roller frame via a cylindrical damper, and a retraction rod that passes through the positioning ring at one end and is fixedly connected to the roller shaft, and has a retraction disc fixed at the other end. A spiral spring is fitted on the pullback plate, with one end of the spiral spring connected to a positioning ring and the other end connected to the pullback plate. The positioning ring has several positioning screw holes evenly spaced circumferentially on its surface. A positioning plate extending radially relative to the positioning ring is fitted to one of the positioning screw holes by a positioning bolt, and the positioning plate has a groove for engaging the end of the spiral spring. The film-removing roller has flanges fixed at both ends of its body. The opposite sides of the two flanges have parallel and radially extending limiting grooves. The curved panel parallel to the film-removing roller has sliders at both ends that slide in cooperation with the limiting grooves. The sliders also have limiting rods that penetrate the limiting grooves to the outside. A limiting spring is sleeved on the rod of the limiting rod. The roller body and roller shaft of the film-removing roller are both hollow and connected, and the end of the roller shaft away from the film-breaking device is connected to an external air source. Several axially spaced air distribution cylinders are installed on the roller body. An airtight plug is installed inside the air distribution cylinder. A fastening rod is provided at the top of the airtight plug and the top of the fastening rod is sharp. The air distribution cylinder at the bottom of the airtight plug is connected to the internal space of the roller body. The curved panel has through holes at the corresponding fastening rods.

2. The tobacco field mulch removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The driven pulley is assembled with the roller shaft of the film-peeling roller via a one-way bearing.

3. The tobacco field mulch removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air source includes a main air cylinder mounted on a trolley. One end of the main air cylinder is airtightly fitted with a rubber stopper. The main air cylinder below the rubber stopper is provided with an output end, which is connected to and communicates with an exhaust pipe via a flexible hose. The outer wall of the exhaust pipe is airtightly rotatably connected to the end of a roller shaft via a rotating ring.

4. The tobacco field mulch removal device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the tensioning rod slides vertically with a groove on the support leg via a protrusion, and a tensioning spring is provided between the end of the protrusion and the groove.

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