Marine ranch breeding and zero-carbon comprehensive energy system based on offshore energy

Abstract

The invention provides a marine ranch breeding and zero-carbon comprehensive energy system based on marine energy. The marine ranch breeding and zero-carbon comprehensive energy system specifically comprises a floating platform module, a marine ranch module, a marine renewable energy power module, a wind power-hydrogen ammonia conversion module, an intelligent control module, a marine transportation system and a consumption terminal. Functional fusion of offshore energy and marine ranching is achieved, the sea area intensive utilization rate, the sea area resource development efficiency and the marine resource development technology level are effectively improved through the wind-fishery-hydrogen-ammonia fusion development mode, the marine resource development cost is effectively reduced, advantage complementation is formed, commercial state fusion is achieved, and the development cost is reduced. And the intelligent control module can realize energy collaboration of the offshore energy, so that the utilization rate of the power generation output power of the offshore renewable energy power module is improved while the operation of the power grid is stabilized, and the wind power-hydrogen ammonia conversion efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive development and application of energy, and in particular to a marine ranch farming and zero-carbon comprehensive energy system based on offshore energy. Background Art

[0002] As the development of marine energy and marine resources gradually moves towards the deep sea, the development of deep-sea wind energy and fishery resources not only increases technical difficulty, but also has the disadvantages of high cost, poor economic efficiency, low sea area utilization rate and great commercial difficulty of single-form marine resource development equipment. In this context, the diversified integrated development model of developing and comprehensively utilizing marine energy and fishery resources has the advantages of intensive and three-dimensional use of the sea, and is also an effective way to promote the large-scale commercial development of deep-sea offshore energy and modern marine ranches. The integrated development of offshore energy and marine ranches can share marine space resources, coordinate design, construction and operation and maintenance, reduce the design, construction and operation and maintenance costs of the two separate developments, and improve the overall benefits of comprehensive development. The power supply system of the offshore energy field can provide power for marine ranch farming nearby, the communication system of the offshore energy field can provide intelligent functions such as remote monitoring and automatic control for marine ranches, and the structural facilities of the offshore energy field can provide safe shielding support for marine ranches. Based on the above reasons, the integrated development of offshore energy and marine ranches is of great significance to promoting the joint development of offshore energy and marine ranches towards intelligence and deep sea.

[0003] Although offshore energy and marine ranching are important components of the marine economy, their integrated development is an important new industrial model and future development direction for intensive use of the sea. However, existing technologies focus on the spatial or structural integration of offshore energy and marine ranching, and have not achieved the functional integration of the two.

[0004] In the prior art, a Chinese patent application with publication number CN117941639 A discloses an energy system and control method based on the integration of marine ranches and offshore energy, including marine ranches, offshore energy fields and floating platforms; the marine ranches include brine shrimp breeding equipment, and seawater seedling breeding equipment, deep-water cages, fishing equipment and transport ships connected in sequence according to the breeding cycle; the floating platform includes heat pumps, seawater desalination equipment, water electrolysis equipment, methanol synthesis equipment, ice making equipment, oxygenation equipment, automatic feeding equipment, fishing equipment and power distribution equipment; according to the breeding cycle, the output of the offshore energy field is provided by the power distribution equipment based on the power scheduling model at the seasonal time scale, the day and night time scale and the short-term time scale to supply the required energy to each device, and organically combine various resources to meet the energy consumption requirements of the marine ranch breeding process, reduce the carbon emissions of the entire production cycle of the marine ranch, and reduce the peak-shaving cost of the power grid through the energy synergy of the marine ranch and offshore energy. However, the above patents and prior art still have the following defects: (1) Offshore energy faces high development costs, large output fluctuations, and difficult power transmission. In particular, the output power of wind power generation is affected by environmental factors, and its output power fluctuates greatly and is difficult to predict. Its access to the power grid will bring certain voltage and frequency fluctuations and other problems, affecting the stability of the power grid and causing a decline in the power supply quality of the power grid. In actual operation, the output power of the wind farm may experience a sudden increase or decrease, and it is impossible to ensure reliable power distribution in the face of extreme changes in wind power output. It is also impossible to ensure the final smoothing effect of wind power and the efficient and reasonable configuration of the capacity for the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen system; (2) In the practice of marine ranching production, there are problems such as uncontrollable natural environment for aquaculture, difficulty in power supply in aquaculture areas, and high energy consumption for seedling cultivation; (3) The wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion efficiency is low, especially the process design of the ammonia synthesis system is unreasonable, the system thermal utilization rate is low, the ammonia conversion rate is low, the system production load and energy consumption are high, the marine transportation cost is high, and the economic benefits are low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a marine ranch breeding and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy, which can realize the functional integration of offshore energy and marine ranch, and realize the energy synergy of offshore energy, stabilize the operation of the power grid, and improve the utilization rate of wind power output power, thereby improving the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion efficiency.

[0006] To realize the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a marine ranch breeding and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy, which specifically includes: a floating platform module: including a platform cabin, a ballast water tank, a mooring cable, a buoy and a lifting system, wherein the platform cabin is used to place equipment, or the equipment on the platform enters the platform cabin through the lifting system under extreme weather conditions, the ballast water tank is used for the entire platform to fill and drain water under extreme weather conditions to achieve overall lifting, the mooring cable is used to fix the platform to the seabed, and the buoy is used to support the platform cabin; the marine ranch module: including a liftable closed breeding cage formed by a net and a steel frame, which is installed in the middle of the floating platform module and utilizes natural Marine ecological environment, gathers artificially released economic marine organisms, and carries out planned and purposeful marine stocking of economic marine biological resources. In extreme weather conditions, it can rise and fall with the floating platform. After descending, the fish can obtain a relatively stable seawater environment, and oxygen produced by hydrogen production through electrolysis of water or oxygen produced by air separation is used as underwater oxygen supply to ensure the breeding conditions of fish in extreme environments; offshore renewable energy power module: including offshore wind power module and offshore photovoltaic module, among which the offshore photovoltaic module is installed on the floating platform module, which is used to convert light energy into electrical energy and supply it to the floating platform module, the marine ranch module and the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module; the offshore wind power module is independently set on the floating platform In addition to the platform module, wind energy is converted into electrical energy. Part of the generated electricity is used to provide electricity for the floating platform module and the ocean ranch module or to charge the supercapacitor, and the other part of the electricity is transmitted to the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and hydrogen-ammonia synthesis; Wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module: miniaturized, skid-mounted design installed on the floating platform module, including: water electrolysis hydrogen production system and ammonia synthesis system, wherein the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell and a supercapacitor. When the electricity generated by the offshore renewable energy power module is consumed by electrolyzing water and synthesizing ammonia through the electrolyzer; when the output of the renewable energy power module is insufficient to meet the load demand, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge. Make up for the shortage of wind power to meet the grid-connected power requirements; supercapacitors balance the unbalanced power caused by the response delay of electrolyzers and fuel cells by fast charging and discharging; the ammonia synthesis system is used to synthesize ammonia. The hydrogen, fresh air and unreacted gas produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are transported to the compressor for mixing and then transported to the ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen-ammonia synthesis. The ammonia obtained after the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower enters the heat exchange system for cooling and then enters the ammonia separator to separate the ammonia and unreacted gas. The separated ammonia is transported to the green ammonia storage tank for storage; intelligent control module: used to absorb the fluctuation in the wind power output power of the offshore renewable energy power module and optimize the configuration of wind power capacity;Marine transport system: using ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships to transport the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis system to the onshore consumption terminal, and at the same time transporting the seafood caught by the marine ranch to the land distribution center, while transporting the seafood, using ammonia energy for long-term freezing and preservation; Consumption terminal: used to crack the liquid ammonia transported by the marine transport system to generate hydrogen and nitrogen, and the generated hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled with filling equipment for vehicles or fuel cells for power generation. ;

[0007] Preferably, the floating platform module also includes seawater desalination equipment, a seawater lifting device, a transfer water tank, an underwater hydrogen / oxygen storage device, and a hydraulic lifting system device, wherein the seawater lifting device lifts seawater to the transfer water tank and converts it into fresh water through the seawater desalination device to meet the normal fresh water supply and provide a water source for the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, the underwater hydrogen / oxygen storage device is used to store hydrogen and oxygen produced by the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, and the hydraulic lifting system device is used to rise or fall the platform cabin in different weather or marine environments.

[0008] Preferably, the marine ranch module includes liftable cages, heat pumps, automatic feeding equipment, automatic fish diagnosis equipment, fishing pumping equipment, ammonia refrigeration equipment, control systems, oxygenation equipment, and transport ships, wherein the liftable cages are adjusted up and down according to water flow conditions to ensure that the fish are in the most suitable water environment, the heat pump is used to heat the water body under abnormal water temperature conditions, the fish automatic diagnosis equipment is used to identify the type, size, and health status of fish during daily breeding, and automatically adjust the working conditions by uploading to the control system to meet the current optimal conditions, the fishing pumping equipment pumps the fish to the ammonia refrigeration container through a pipeline when the fish is produced, and the ammonia compressor is used for refrigeration to achieve quick freezing and preservation of the fish, the oxygenation equipment supplies the breeding water body with oxygen obtained by electrolysis of water or air separation, and supplies oxygen according to the intelligent prediction of the control system to achieve oxygen-enriched breeding, and the transport ship uses an ammonia engine or a hydrogen fuel cell to obtain hydrogen and ammonia supply, which on the one hand ensures the freshness of the fish and breaks the short-term effectiveness of traditional ice use, and is transported to land for distribution by ship, and on the other hand can realize the supply of offshore energy.

[0009] Preferably, the intelligent control module absorbs the fluctuation in wind power output power in the following manner:

[0010] S1. Determine the output power P of the offshore renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the 1-minute and 10-minute active power fluctuation limits required by the grid are met. If P w (t) If the standard is met, the output power of the wind farm can be directly connected to the grid; if it is not met, the next step is executed;

[0011] S2. Output power P of offshore renewable energy power module w(t) performing n (n=1) layer wavelet packet decomposition, and using db6 wavelet as the wavelet basis of wavelet packet decomposition according to the characteristics of wind power signal;

[0012] S3, reconstruct the nth layer of wavelet coefficients after decomposition to obtain the low-frequency component S n,0 With the high-frequency fluctuation component S n,i ;

[0013] S4, determine the low-frequency component S after n-layer wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction n,0 Whether the technical standards for wind farm access to the power system are met, if not, repeat step S2 to perform n+1 layers of wavelet packet decomposition. When the volatility amplitude limit is met, the optimal number of layers of wavelet packet decomposition is determined to be n, and the cycle stops.

[0014] Preferably, the wavelet packet decomposition method of the intelligent control module is as follows:

[0015] S21. According to the relevant requirements of the wind power grid connection standards, establish the permissible range of power fluctuation for wind farm grid connection;

[0016] S22. Determine wind power generation power P w (t) Whether the grid connection index has been met. If not, the wind power generation power P is stabilized by wavelet packet decomposition. w (t), gradually deepen the decomposition level n;

[0017] S23, when the decomposed P n,0 When the grid connection requirements are met, n0 is recorded as the optimal decomposition layer number under the condition of wind power fluctuation, and P n,0 Denoted as P0(t), P w The difference between P(t) and P0(t) is the fluctuation of the original wind power generation power P s (t), which is also the fluctuation that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system needs to absorb, P s (t) is obtained by superposing a series of power components corresponding to different frequency ranges, which is also the wind power fluctuation component that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system needs to absorb, P s (t) The input power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is obtained by amplitude detection calculation and superposition of a part of the positive power component.

[0018] Preferably, the intelligent control module performs wind power capacity optimization configuration in the following manner:

[0019] Step 1: Using the IWOA algorithm, first set the size of the whale population to N p , then the initial population X=[x1,x2,···x Np ], maximum number of iterations t max , initialize A, C, a values, where A and C are random parameters and a is a control parameter;

[0020] Step 2: Calculate the fitness value of each individual {f(Xi), i = 1, 2, ···, Np}, and record the current optimal individual and position X best ;

[0021] Step 3: Calculate the convergence factor a according to Formula 1, and then update the A and C values ​​according to Formula 2 and Formula 3;

[0022]

[0023] A=2ar-a Formula 2;

[0024] C = 2r Formula 3;

[0025] Where r is a random number in [0,1];

[0026] Step 4: Perform random differential mutation perturbation on the best individual in the current group, and update the current whale individual position according to Formula 4;

[0027] X t+1 = r × (X best -X t )+r×(X rand -X t ) Formula 4;

[0028] Where X rand is a random whale individual;

[0029] Step 5: Determine whether the number of iterations t reaches the maximum value t max If the maximum number of iterations is reached, the fitness value of the best solution is output, otherwise return to step 3 to continue execution.

[0030] Preferably, the ammonia synthesis system specifically includes a compressor, an ammonia synthesis tower, a waste heat boiler, a heat exchanger, a deoxygenated water preheater, a water cooler, an aftercooler, a condenser, a circulating machine, an ammonia separator, a first ammonia cooler, a second ammonia cooler, a primary flash tank, a secondary flash tank and an absorption tower, wherein the feed port of the compressor is connected to the hydrogen outlet and the fresh air pipeline of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system through pipelines, respectively, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower, the discharge port of the ammonia synthesis tower is connected to the air inlet of the waste heat boiler, the discharge port of the waste heat boiler is connected to the feed port of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, the discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected to the feed port of the deoxygenated water preheater, the discharge port of the deoxygenated water preheater is connected to the feed port of the water cooler, the discharge port of the water cooler is connected to the feed port of the aftercooler, and the discharge port of the aftercooler is connected to the first feed port of the condenser, The first discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the circulation machine, the discharge port of the circulation machine is connected to the feed port of the compressor through a pipeline, the second discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank through a pipeline, the third discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the first ammonia cooler, the discharge port of the first ammonia cooler is connected to the feed port of the second ammonia cooler, the discharge port of the second ammonia cooler is connected to the feed port of the ammonia separator, the first discharge port of the ammonia separator is connected to the second feed port of the condenser, the second discharge port of the ammonia separator is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank, the gas outlet of the primary flash tank is connected to the feed port of the compressor through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the primary flash tank is connected to the feed port of the secondary flash tank through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the secondary flash tank is connected to the green ammonia storage tank, and the gas outlet of the secondary flash tank is connected to the absorption tower.

[0031] Preferably, the ammonia synthesis system performs ammonia synthesis in the following manner: the hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, fresh air and unreacted gas are transported to a compressor for mixing, and then transported to an ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. After the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower, a high-temperature mixed gas is obtained and enters a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery to produce by-product steam. The temperature of the gas after the reaction is reduced to 190°C, and then it comes out from the upper part of the waste heat boiler and enters a heat exchanger. The gas in and between the tubes of the upper heat exchanger from the top of the heat exchanger is heat exchanged and the gas temperature is reduced to about 90°C after the gas comes out from the bottom, and then enters a water cooler, low in and high out. The temperature of the gas coming out of the water cooling is reduced to about 20°C, and enters an aftercooler to further reduce the gas temperature to about 10°C, so that the gaseous ammonia in the gas is cooled into mist-like liquid ammonia, and then enters a condenser, and enters the cold gas between the tubes of the upper heat exchanger and the ammonia separator in the tube from the upper side of the condenser. After heat exchange, the gas temperature drops to about 1°C, and then enters the cyclone separator at the bottom of the condenser for the first liquid ammonia separation, so that most of the liquid ammonia in the gas is separated. The separated gas and a small amount of liquid ammonia go up from the annular gap between the inner part and the outer cylinder to the upper side and come out. The gas will be vented before entering the first ammonia cooler. The vented gas enters the first ammonia cooler and then enters the second ammonia cooler to reduce the gas temperature to about -10°C, and then re-enters the condenser as a refrigerant. The liquid ammonia separated by the second ammonia cooler and the condenser is decompressed to 5.1MPa and then enters the first flash tank. Most of the flashed hydrogen and nitrogen are directly returned to the fresh gas pipeline to enter the compressor. The liquid ammonia out of the first flash tank enters the second flash tank again. The second flash pressure is 2.5MPa. The flash gas is absorbed by the absorption tower and sent to the boiler system for combustion. The ammonia water is sent to the boiler flue gas desulfurization system. The liquid ammonia out of the second flash tank is sent to the green ammonia storage tank for storage.

[0032] Preferably, the ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ship comprises a hull, an ammonia storage module, an ammonia hydrogen production module, a hydrogen supply module, and a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the ammonia storage module comprises a green ammonia storage tank, a monitoring system, and an emergency exhaust system, the interior of the green ammonia storage tank is kept at room temperature, and when filling ammonia fuel, the internal pressure is adjusted by the inlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank to keep it within a safe range at all times, and when using ammonia fuel, the outlet pressure can be adjusted by the outlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank; the ammonia hydrogen production module comprises an ammonia decomposition furnace and a gas separation device, the ammonia decomposition furnace adopts a high-temperature electric heating decomposition method to produce ammonia, and then the reacted The mixed gas is injected into the gas separation device, which separates the ammonia that has not had time to react in the mixed gas and reintroduces it into the ammonia decomposition furnace for reaction. The nitrogen is discharged into the air, and the hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen supply module; the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen processing device and a monitoring device. The hydrogen processing device purifies and dries the hydrogen produced by the ammonia hydrogen production module to generate hydrogen that meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell. The monitoring device is used to monitor in real time whether the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen processing device meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the hull.

[0033] Preferably, the consumption terminal includes a marine vessel, an integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, and distributed power generation equipment. The integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station includes an ammonia cracking reactor, separation equipment, hydrogen purification equipment, compression equipment and filling equipment. Liquid ammonia is cracked by a high-temperature catalyst or electrocatalytic cracking to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The separation equipment and hydrogen purification equipment separate the unconverted ammonia for reuse. The purified hydrogen is compressed by a compressor to a certain pressure and then filled into vehicles using a filling equipment or used for fuel cell combustion to generate electricity.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy provided by the present invention are:

[0035] 1) The present invention realizes the functional integration of offshore energy and marine ranches. The model of integrated development of wind, fishery, hydrogen and ammonia effectively improves the intensive utilization rate of sea areas, the efficiency of marine resource development and the technical level of marine resource development, and effectively reduces the cost of marine resource development, forming complementary advantages, realizing business integration, promoting the upgrading of the marine aquaculture industry and reducing the cost and increasing the efficiency of offshore energy. The energy synergy of offshore energy can be achieved through the intelligent control module, stabilizing the operation of the power grid while improving the utilization rate of wind power output power and improving the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion efficiency.

[0036] 2) The present invention adopts a lifting structure design for the structural design of the floating platform module, which can effectively enhance the protection of the equipment installed on the floating platform module and realize the overall rise or fall of the entire platform under different weather or marine environments, thereby improving the safety of the equipment installed on the floating platform module and avoiding typhoon damage to the system.

[0037] 3) The present invention uses liftable cages for breeding through the structural design of the marine ranch. The hydraulic lifting can be adjusted up and down according to the water flow conditions to ensure that the fish are in the most suitable water environment, thereby improving the breeding efficiency. The fish automatic diagnostic equipment is used to identify the data of the type, size, and health status of the fish during daily breeding, and the data is uploaded to the control system to automatically adjust the working conditions to meet the current optimal conditions to achieve smart breeding and intelligent fishing. The transport ship uses an ammonia engine or a hydrogen fuel cell, which is fully integrated with the wind power-hydrogen ammonia conversion module to obtain a continuous supply of hydrogen and ammonia. On the one hand, it ensures the freshness of the fish, breaks the short-term effectiveness of traditional ice use, and is transported to land for distribution by ship. On the other hand, it can realize the supply of energy in the distant sea.

[0038] 4) The present invention modularizes the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, ammonia synthesis system, air separation system, buffer storage, etc. in the container of the offshore platform through the structural design of the wind power-hydrogen ammonia conversion module. The electricity generated by the offshore renewable energy power module is transmitted to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system installed on the offshore platform through a cable. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the nitrogen in the air are synthesized into green ammonia by the ammonia synthesis system and stored in the storage tank. The marine transportation system uses ammonia hydrogen fuel cell powered ships, making full use of the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis system as the power source of the marine transportation ship, and transporting the liquid ammonia to the land-based hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station or ammonia filling station. At the same time, cold chain logistics ships can use ammonia for refrigeration, hydrogen production and hydrogenation generate nitrogen and hydrogen through high-temperature catalytic cracking of ammonia. Nitrogen can be used as system protection gas, hydrogen is pressurized and then filled with fuel cells or directly fuel cells are burned to generate electricity, and ammonia can also be directly filled with vehicles or thermal power mixed with ammonia combustion for power generation. All energy sources in the present invention come from wind, sun and sea, truly realizing the application of zero-carbon comprehensive green energy.

[0039] 5) The present invention realizes the fluctuation suppression of wind power output power by designing the control method of the system intelligent control module, and uses the fluctuation of output power for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, thereby stabilizing the operation of the power grid and improving the utilization rate of wind power output power. When the wind power generated by the offshore renewable energy power module is higher than the grid connection demand, the excess wind power exceeding the grid connection requirement is absorbed by electrolyzing water through the electrolyzer, thereby improving the utilization rate of wind power. When the output of the wind turbine is insufficient to meet the grid or load demand, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge and make up for the shortfall of wind power, thereby achieving the purpose of smoothing the power of the system connected to the grid. The unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell can be smoothed by the fast charging and discharging method of the supercapacitor, thereby ensuring the real-time consistency between the output of the hybrid system and the load demand.

[0040] 6) The present invention innovatively designs the process of the ammonia synthesis system, reduces the system resistance by reducing the system reaction pressure and optimizing the fresh gas replenishment process, reduces the fresh gas consumption by optimizing the relaxation gas recovery process, improves the system thermal utilization rate by increasing the optimization of the deaeration water preheater process, increases the steam production by recovering waste heat through the waste heat boiler and producing saturated steam as a by-product, and reduces the production load and energy consumption of the refrigeration system by increasing the optimization of the aftercooler process, thereby effectively achieving the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction of the ammonia synthesis system.

[0041] 7) The present invention optimizes the design of the marine transportation system and adopts an ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ship as the main body of liquid ammonia transportation. It can fully utilize the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis system of the present invention as a power source, greatly reducing the transportation cost. Moreover, compared with traditional fuel cell powered ships, ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships have great advantages in terms of safety, economy and convenience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a system flow chart of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a system flow chart of the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 The figure is a flow chart of the ammonia synthesis system in the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 100, floating platform module; 110, platform cabin; 120, ballast tank; 130, mooring cable; 140, lifting system device; 150, transfer water tank; 160, seawater desalination device; 170, seawater lifting device; 180, underwater hydrogen / oxygen storage device; 200, marine ranch module; 210, liftable cage; 220, oxygenation equipment; 230, fish automatic diagnosis equipment; 240, automatic feeding equipment; 250, ammonia refrigeration equipment; 300, offshore Renewable energy power module; 400, wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module; 401, compressor; 402, ammonia synthesis tower; 403, waste heat boiler; 404, heat exchanger; 405, deoxygenated water preheater; 406, water cooler; 407, aftercooler; 408, condenser; 409, circulation machine; 410, ammonia separator; 411, first ammonia cooler; 412, second ammonia cooler; 413, first flash tank; 414, second flash tank; 415, absorption tower; 500, intelligent control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Embodiment: A marine ranching and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy.

[0049] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy, which specifically includes:

[0050] (I) Floating platform module 100: including a platform cabin 110, a ballast tank 120, a mooring cable 130, a seawater desalination equipment 160, a seawater lifting device 170, a transfer water tank 150, an underwater hydrogen / oxygen storage device 180, a lifting system device 140, a buoy, etc., wherein the platform cabin 110 is used to place equipment, or the equipment on the platform can enter the cabin through the lifting system device 140 in extreme weather conditions, and the ballast tank 120 is used for the entire platform to fill and drain water in extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and tsunamis. To achieve overall lifting, the mooring cable 130 is used to fix the platform to the seabed, the buoy is used to support the platform cabin 110, the seawater lifting device 170 lifts the seawater to the transfer water tank 150, and converts it into fresh water through the seawater desalination device 160 to meet the daily fresh water supply and provide water source for the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, the underwater hydrogen / oxygen storage device 180 is used to store the hydrogen and oxygen (PSA air separation source) produced by the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, and the lifting system device 140 is used to rise or fall the platform cabin in different weather or marine environments.

[0051] The present invention adopts a lifting structure design through the structural design of the floating platform module, which can effectively enhance the protection of the equipment installed on the floating platform module 100 and realize the overall rise or fall of the entire platform in different weather or marine environments, thereby improving the safety of the equipment installed on the floating platform module 100.

[0052] (ii) Marine ranch module 200: The marine ranch module 200 is installed in the middle of the floating platform module 100 (the floating platform module 100 is divided into two parts, one part is for the placement of hydrogen and ammonia equipment, and the other part is hollowed out for the placement of marine ranch cages). It utilizes the natural marine ecological environment to gather the economic marine organisms that are artificially released, and to carry out planned and purposeful marine stocking of economic marine biological resources. The marine ranch module 200 includes a liftable cage 210, a heat pump, an automatic feeding device 240, an automatic fish diagnosis device 230, a fishing pumping device, an ammonia refrigeration device 250, a control system, an oxygenation device 220, a transport ship, etc. Among them, the liftable cage 210 can be adjusted up and down according to the water flow conditions to ensure that the fish are in the most suitable water environment. The liftable cage 210 can be set as a double layer, the upper layer is used to culture plankton seaweed or brine shrimp, etc., which can supply fish bait, and the lower layer is used to culture fish (the cage is made into one layer, kelp is cultured on the net wall, and fish are cultured in the cage). The heat pump is used to heat the water body under abnormal water temperature conditions. The automatic fish diagnosis equipment 230 is used to identify the data of fish species, size, and health status during daily breeding, and automatically adjusts the working conditions by uploading to the control system to meet the current optimal conditions. When the fish are produced, the fishing pumping equipment pumps them to the ammonia refrigeration container through a pipeline, and the ammonia refrigeration equipment 250 refrigerates the fish to achieve quick freezing and preservation. The oxygen enrichment equipment 220 supplies the breeding water body with oxygen obtained by electrolyzing water or air separation, and supplies oxygen according to the intelligent prediction of the control system to achieve oxygen-enriched breeding. The transport ship uses ammonia engines or hydrogen fuel cells to obtain a steady supply of hydrogen and ammonia. On the one hand, it ensures the freshness of the fish, breaks the short-term effectiveness of traditional ice use, and is transported to land for distribution by ship. On the other hand, it can realize the supply of energy in the distant sea.

[0053] The present invention uses a liftable net cage 210 for breeding through the structural design of the marine ranch 200, which can be adjusted up and down according to the water flow conditions to ensure that the fish are in the most suitable water environment, thereby improving the breeding efficiency. The fish automatic diagnosis equipment 230 is used to identify the data of the type, size, and health status of the fish during daily breeding, and the working conditions are automatically adjusted by uploading to the control system to meet the current optimal conditions to achieve intelligent fishing. The transport ship uses an ammonia engine or a hydrogen fuel cell to fully integrate with the wind power-hydrogen ammonia conversion module 400, and fully utilizes the liquid ammonia produced by the wind power-hydrogen ammonia conversion module 400 as a transportation power, which can effectively improve the efficiency of comprehensive energy application.

[0054] (iii) an offshore renewable energy power module 300, including an offshore wind power module and an offshore photovoltaic module, wherein the offshore photovoltaic module is installed on the floating platform module 100, and is used to convert light energy into electrical energy, and supply the floating platform module 100, the ocean ranch module 200 and the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module 400 for use; the offshore wind power module is independently arranged outside the floating platform module 100, and converts wind energy into electrical energy, and a part of the generated electrical energy is directly incorporated into the power grid to provide electrical energy for the floating platform module 100 and the ocean ranch module 200, and the other part of the electrical energy is transmitted to the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module 400 for water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen-ammonia synthesis;

[0055] The offshore wind power module is composed of multiple offshore wind turbines. The offshore wind turbine structure mainly includes blades, hubs, main shafts, gearboxes, couplings, generators, towers, foundation platforms, and anchor chains. The blades convert wind energy into low-speed, high-torque mechanical energy and transmit it to the main shaft, which is then transmitted to the gearbox. The gearbox is connected to the generator, and the high-speed, high-torque load output by the gearbox drives the generator to generate electricity.

[0056] (IV) Wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module 400, which is installed on the floating platform module 100 and distributed in the form of multiple containers. The reaction equipment is installed in the container. The miniaturization and modularization can achieve 1000 standard cubic meters / hour of hydrogen production, specifically including: water electrolysis hydrogen production system and ammonia synthesis system, wherein:

[0057] The water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes: an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell and a supercapacitor. When the wind power generated by the offshore renewable energy power module is higher than the grid connection requirement, the electrolyzer electrolyzes water to absorb the excess wind power that exceeds the grid connection requirement; when the wind turbine output is insufficient to meet the grid connection or load requirements, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge and make up for the wind power shortage to meet the grid connection power requirement; the supercapacitor balances the unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell by fast charging and discharging. In the above water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the wind turbine completes the work of converting wind energy into electrical energy, the electrolyzer consumes wind power to produce hydrogen and converts electrical energy into hydrogen energy, the hydrogen storage tank stores hydrogen, and the fuel cell performs hydrogen combustion and discharge work, and converts hydrogen energy into electrical energy. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system as a whole constitutes an energy closed loop structure of electrical energy-hydrogen energy-electrical energy.

[0058] Ammonia synthesis system: used for synthesizing ammonia. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, fresh air and unreacted gas are transported to the compressor for mixing (the air needs to be separated into nitrogen and oxygen, PSA separation), and then transported to the ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. The ammonia obtained after the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower enters the heat exchange system for cooling and then enters the ammonia separator to separate the ammonia and unreacted gas. The separated ammonia is transported to the green ammonia storage tank for storage.

[0059] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the ammonia synthesis system specifically includes a compressor 401, an ammonia synthesis tower 402, a waste heat boiler 403, a heat exchanger 404, a deoxygenated water preheater 405, a water cooler 406, an aftercooler 407, a condenser 408, a circulation machine 409, an ammonia separator 410, a first ammonia cooler 411, a second ammonia cooler 412, a primary flash tank 413, a secondary flash tank 414 and an absorption tower 415, wherein the feed port of the compressor 401 is connected to the hydrogen outlet and the fresh air pipeline of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system through pipelines, respectively. The outlet of the machine 401 is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower 402, the discharge port of the ammonia synthesis tower 402 is connected to the air inlet of the waste heat boiler 403, the discharge port of the waste heat boiler 403 is connected to the feed port of the heat exchanger 404 through a pipeline, the discharge port of the heat exchanger 404 is connected to the feed port of the deoxygenated water preheater 405, the discharge port of the deoxygenated water preheater 405 is connected to the feed port of the water cooler 406, the discharge port of the water cooler 406 is connected to the feed port of the aftercooler 407, and the discharge port of the aftercooler 407 is connected to the condenser 40 8, the first discharge port of the condenser 408 is connected to the feed port of the circulation machine 409, the discharge port of the circulation machine 409 is connected to the feed port of the compressor 401 through a pipeline, the second discharge port of the condenser 408 is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank 413 through a pipeline, the third discharge port of the condenser 408 is connected to the feed port of the first ammonia cooler 411, the discharge port of the first ammonia cooler 411 is connected to the feed port of the second ammonia cooler 412, and the discharge port of the second ammonia cooler 412 is connected to the ammonia separator 410 The first discharge port of the ammonia separator 410 is connected to the second feed port of the condenser 408, the second discharge port of the ammonia separator 410 is connected to the feed port of the first-level flash tank 413, the gas outlet of the first-level flash tank 413 is connected to the feed port of the compressor 401 through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the first-level flash tank 413 is connected to the feed port of the second-level flash tank 414 through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the second-level flash tank 414 is connected to the green ammonia storage tank, and the gas outlet of the second-level flash tank 414 is connected to the absorption tower 415.

[0060] In actual operation, the hydrogen, fresh air and unreacted gas generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are transported to the compressor 401 for mixing, and then transported to the ammonia synthesis tower 402 for hydrogen and ammonia synthesis. After the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower 402, the high-temperature mixed gas is obtained and enters the waste heat boiler 403 for waste heat recovery and by-product steam. The temperature of the gas after the reaction is reduced to 190°C, and then it comes out from the upper part of the waste heat boiler 403 and enters the heat exchanger 404, and enters the upper heat exchanger tube and the inter-tube from the top of the heat exchanger 404. After the gas is heat exchanged, the gas temperature drops to about 90°C and comes out from the bottom, then enters the deoxygenated water preheater 405 for waste heat reuse, and then enters the water cooler 406, low in and high out, the gas temperature coming out of the water cooling drops to about 20°C, enters the aftercooler 407 to further reduce the gas temperature to about 10°C, and cools the gaseous ammonia in the gas into mist-like liquid ammonia, and then enters the condenser 408, and enters the upper heat exchanger tube and the ammonia separator in the tube from the upper side of the condenser 408. After the gas temperature drops to about 1°C, it enters the cyclone separator at the bottom of the condenser 408 for the first liquid ammonia separation, so that most of the liquid ammonia in the gas is separated. The separated gas and a small amount of liquid ammonia go up from the annular gap between the inner part and the outer cylinder to the upper side and come out. Before the gas enters the first ammonia cooler 411, it will be vented. After the venting, the gas enters the first ammonia cooler 411 and then enters the second ammonia cooler 412 to reduce the gas temperature to about -10°C, and then re-enters the condenser 40 as a refrigerant. 8. The liquid ammonia separated by the second ammonia cooler 412 and the condenser 408 is depressurized to 5.1 MPa and then enters the first-stage flash tank 413. Most of the hydrogen and nitrogen gases are flashed out and directly returned to the fresh gas pipeline to enter the compressor 401. The liquid ammonia from the first-stage flash tank 413 enters the second-stage flash tank 414. The second-stage flash pressure is 2.5 MPa. The flash gas is absorbed by the absorption tower 415 and then sent to the boiler system for combustion. The ammonia water is sent to the boiler flue gas desulfurization system. The liquid ammonia from the second-stage flash tank 414 is sent to the green ammonia storage tank for storage.

[0061] The present invention makes an innovative design to the process of the ammonia synthesis system, reduces the system resistance by reducing the system reaction pressure and optimizing the fresh gas replenishment process, reduces the fresh gas consumption by optimizing the relaxation gas recovery process, improves the system heat utilization rate by increasing the process optimization of the deoxygenated water preheater 405, increases the steam production by recovering waste heat through the waste heat boiler 403 to produce saturated steam as a by-product, and reduces the production load and energy consumption of the refrigeration system by increasing the process optimization of the aftercooler 407, thereby effectively achieving the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction of the ammonia synthesis system.

[0062] (V) Intelligent control module 500: used to absorb the fluctuation in wind power output power of the offshore renewable energy power module and optimize the configuration of wind power capacity.

[0063] According to the structure of the above-mentioned wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module 400, part of the wind power is directly connected to the power grid, and the other part of the electric energy is produced by electrolyzing water in the electrolyzer to produce hydrogen. When the wind power of the wind farm is higher than the grid connection demand, wind abandonment occurs. At this time, the excess wind power that exceeds the grid connection requirement is absorbed by electrolyzing water in the electrolyzer, thereby improving the utilization rate of wind power. When the output of the wind turbine is not enough to meet the grid or load requirements, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge and make up for the shortage of wind power, thereby achieving the purpose of smoothing the power connected to the grid by the system. Supercapacitors smooth the unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell by rapid charging and discharging, thereby ensuring the real-time consistency between the output of the hybrid system and the load demand.

[0064] However, in the actual operation process, since the output power of wind power generation is affected by environmental factors, its output power fluctuates greatly and is difficult to predict. Its access to the grid will bring certain voltage and frequency fluctuations and other problems, affecting the stability of the grid and causing a decline in the quality of grid power supply. For the grid-connected wind power hydrogen production system, the output power of the wind farm may increase or decrease suddenly during actual operation. The traditional fluctuation smoothing control method does not take into account the possible negative impact of the irregular random fluctuations of wind power output power on the smoothing control, and cannot ensure reliable power distribution in the face of extreme changes in wind power output power, and cannot guarantee the final smoothing effect of wind power and the efficient and reasonable configuration capacity of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0065] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for effectively absorbing the fluctuation in wind power output power, reducing the impact of wind power grid connection on the power grid, and improving the utilization rate of wind power, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Determine the output power P of the offshore renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the 1-minute and 10-minute active power fluctuation limits required by the grid are met. If P w (t) If the standard is met, the output power of the wind farm can be directly connected to the grid; if it is not met, the next step is executed;

[0067] S2. Output power P of offshore renewable energy power module w (t) Perform n (n=1) layer wavelet packet decomposition. According to the characteristics of wind power signal, db6 wavelet is used as the wavelet basis of wavelet packet decomposition. The wavelet packet decomposition method is as follows:

[0068] S21. According to the relevant requirements of the wind power grid connection standards, establish the permissible range of power fluctuation for wind farm grid connection;

[0069] S22. Determine wind power generation power P w(t) Whether the grid connection index has been met. If not, the wind power generation power P is stabilized by wavelet packet decomposition. w (t), gradually deepen the decomposition level n;

[0070] S23, when the decomposed P n,0 When the grid connection requirements are met, n0 is recorded as the optimal decomposition layer number under the condition of wind power fluctuation, and P n,0 Denoted as P0(t), P w The difference between P(t) and P0(t) is the fluctuation of the original wind power generation power P s (t), which is also the fluctuation that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system needs to absorb, where P s (t) is obtained by superposing a series of power components corresponding to different frequency ranges, which is also the wind power fluctuation component that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system needs to absorb, P s (t) The input power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is obtained by amplitude detection calculation and superposition of a part of the positive power component. Through the above adaptive wavelet packet decomposition process, the input power of the hybrid water electrolysis hydrogen production system is obtained. The power input to the hydrogen production system needs to be further distributed to obtain the operating power of each electrolyzer, thereby effectively improving the actual smoothing performance of the hybrid water electrolysis hydrogen production system on the output power of wind power generation.

[0071] S3, reconstruct the nth layer of wavelet coefficients after decomposition to obtain the low-frequency component S n,0 With the high-frequency fluctuation component S n,i ;

[0072] S4, determine the low-frequency component S after n-layer wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction n,0 Whether the technical standards for wind farm access to the power system are met, if not, repeat step S2 to perform n+1 layers of wavelet packet decomposition. When the volatility amplitude limit is met, the optimal number of layers of wavelet packet decomposition is determined to be n, and the cycle stops.

[0073] Through the above method, the fluctuation of wind power output power can be smoothed, and the fluctuation of output power can be used for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, thereby stabilizing the operation of the power grid and improving the utilization rate of wind power output power.

[0074] In the water electrolysis hydrogen production system provided by the present invention, when the system wind turbine output power is less than the power required to be connected to the power grid at time t, the fuel cell starts to burn hydrogen and discharge to output power together with the wind turbine to bear the power connected to the power grid during this period, making up for the power difference between the power grid demand and the wind turbine output, playing a "valley filling" role, and reducing the system output power fluctuation. However, how to achieve the capacity configuration optimization in this water electrolysis hydrogen production system and ultimately determine the capacity of each device is another problem that the present invention needs to solve. In order to solve the above problem, the intelligent control module in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system of the present invention optimizes the wind power capacity configuration in the following way:

[0075] Step 1: Using the IWOA algorithm, first set the size of the whale population to N p , then the initial population X=[x1,x2,···x Np ], maximum number of iterations t max , initialize A, C, a values, where A and C are random parameters and a is a control parameter;

[0076] Step 2: Calculate the fitness value of each individual {f(Xi), i = 1, 2, ···, Np}, and record the current optimal individual and position X best ;

[0077] Step 3: Calculate the convergence factor a according to Formula 1, and then update the A and C values ​​according to Formula 2 and Formula 3;

[0078]

[0079] A=2ar-a Formula 2;

[0080] C = 2r Formula 3;

[0081] Where r is a random number in [0,1];

[0082] Step 4: Perform random differential mutation perturbation on the best individual in the current group, and update the current whale individual position according to Formula 4;

[0083] X t+1 = r × (X best -X t )+r×(X rand -X t ) Formula 4;

[0084] Where X rand is a random whale individual;

[0085] Step 5: Determine whether the number of iterations t reaches the maximum value t max If the maximum number of iterations is reached, the fitness value of the best solution is output, otherwise return to step 3 to continue execution.

[0086] By solving the capacity configuration optimization model of the wind-hydrogen coupling system through the above-mentioned improved IWOA algorithm, the Pareto optimal solution set of the operating cost and system power deviation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be quickly and accurately calculated, and the capacity of each device can be finally determined to achieve capacity configuration optimization in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0087] The present invention realizes the fluctuation suppression of wind power output power through the innovative design of the intelligent control module 500, and uses the fluctuation of output power for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, thereby stabilizing the operation of the power grid and improving the utilization rate of wind power output power. When the wind power generated by the offshore renewable energy power module is higher than the grid connection demand, the excess wind power exceeding the grid connection requirement is absorbed by electrolysis of water by the electrolyzer, thereby improving the utilization rate of wind power. When the output of the wind turbine is insufficient to meet the grid or load demand, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge and make up for the shortfall of wind power, thereby achieving the purpose of smoothing the power of the system connected to the grid. The unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell can be smoothed by the fast charging and discharging method of the supercapacitor, thereby ensuring the real-time consistency between the output of the hybrid system and the load demand.

[0088] (VI) Marine transport system: Use ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships to transport the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis system to an onshore integrated hydrogen production and refueling station or an ammonia filling station, and at the same time transport the seafood caught by the marine ranch to a land distribution center. The ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ship includes a hull, an ammonia storage module, an ammonia hydrogen production module, a hydrogen supply module, and a hydrogen fuel cell. The ammonia storage module includes a green ammonia storage tank, a monitoring system, and an emergency exhaust system. The interior of the green ammonia storage tank is maintained at room temperature. When refueling with ammonia fuel, the internal pressure is adjusted by the inlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank to keep it within a safe range at all times. When using ammonia fuel, the outlet pressure can be adjusted by the outlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank. The ammonia hydrogen production module includes an ammonia decomposition furnace and a gas separation device. The ammonia decomposition furnace uses high-temperature electric heating to decompose ammonia, and then the reaction mixture is The gas is injected into the gas separation device, which separates the ammonia that has not had time to react in the mixed gas, reintroduces it into the ammonia decomposition furnace for reaction, discharges the nitrogen into the air, and introduces the hydrogen into the hydrogen supply module; the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen processing device and a monitoring device, the hydrogen processing device purifies, dries and other treatments the hydrogen produced by the ammonia hydrogen production module to generate hydrogen that meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the monitoring device is used to monitor in real time whether the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen processing device meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the hull.

[0089] The present invention optimizes the design of the marine transportation system and adopts ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships as the main body of liquid ammonia transportation. It can fully utilize the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis system of the present invention as a power source, greatly reducing the transportation cost, and compared with traditional fuel cell powered ships, ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships have great advantages in terms of safety, economy and convenience. Moreover, when transport ships use ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships, they can not only obtain a continuous supply of hydrogen and ammonia in the process of transporting seafood, reducing the cost of shipping, but also can fully utilize the prepared liquid ammonia to preserve seafood, greatly reducing the preservation cost.

[0090] (VII) Consumption terminal: The consumption terminal includes an integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, fuel cell power generation, vehicle and ship power, etc., which is used to crack the liquid ammonia transported by the marine transportation system to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The generated hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled with a filling device for use in vehicles or fuel cells for combustion and power generation. The integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station includes an ammonia cracking reactor, separation equipment, hydrogen purification equipment, compression equipment and filling equipment. Liquid ammonia is cracked by a high-temperature catalyst or electrocatalytic cracking to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The separation equipment and hydrogen purification equipment separate the unconverted ammonia for reuse. The purified hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled with a filling device for use in vehicles or fuel cells for combustion and power generation.

[0091] The present invention realizes the functional integration of offshore energy and marine ranch. The model of integrated development of wind, fishery, hydrogen and ammonia effectively improves the intensive utilization rate of sea areas, the efficiency of marine resource development and the technical level of marine resource development and effectively reduces the cost of marine resource development, forms complementary advantages, realizes the integration of business formats, promotes the upgrading of marine aquaculture industry and the cost reduction and efficiency improvement of offshore energy. The energy synergy of offshore energy can be achieved through the intelligent control module, which stabilizes the operation of the power grid while improving the utilization rate of wind power output power and improving the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion efficiency.

[0092] The present invention arranges the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the ammonia synthesis system in a container of an offshore platform, and the electricity generated by the offshore renewable energy power module is transmitted to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system installed on the offshore platform through a cable. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the nitrogen in the air are synthesized into green ammonia by the ammonia synthesis system and stored in a storage tank. The marine transportation system uses ammonia hydrogen fuel cell powered ships, and makes full use of the liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis system as the power source of the marine transportation ship. The liquid ammonia is transported to the land-based hydrogen production and hydrogenation integrated station or ammonia filling station. At the same time, cold chain logistics ships can use ammonia for refrigeration, and hydrogen production and hydrogenation generate nitrogen and hydrogen through high-temperature catalytic cracking of ammonia. Nitrogen can be used as a system protection gas, and hydrogen is pressurized and then filled with fuel cells or directly burned by fuel cells to generate electricity. Ammonia can also be directly filled with vehicles or thermal power mixed with ammonia combustion for power generation. All energy sources in the present invention come from wind, sun and sea, truly realizing the application of zero-carbon comprehensive green energy.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiment and the drawings, so any equivalent or modification completed without departing from the spirit disclosed in the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy, characterized by include: Floating platform module: including a platform cabin, ballast water tank, mooring cable, buoy and lifting system. The platform cabin is used to place equipment, or the equipment on the platform enters the platform cabin through the lifting system in extreme weather conditions. The ballast water tank is used to fill and drain the entire platform in extreme weather conditions to achieve overall lifting. The mooring cable is used to fix the platform to the seabed, and the buoy is used to support the platform cabin; Marine ranch module: It includes a liftable closed breeding cage formed by a net and a steel frame, which is installed in the middle of the floating platform module. It uses the natural marine ecological environment to gather artificially released economic marine organisms, and carry out planned and purposeful marine stocking of economic marine biological resources. In extreme weather conditions, it can rise and fall with the floating platform. After the descent, the fish obtain a relatively stable seawater environment, and oxygen produced by hydrogen production from water electrolysis or air separation is used as underwater oxygen supply to ensure the breeding conditions of fish in extreme environments; Offshore renewable energy power module: including offshore wind power module and offshore photovoltaic module, wherein the offshore photovoltaic module is installed on the floating platform module, used to convert light energy into electrical energy, and supplies it to the floating platform module, the ocean ranch module and the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module; the offshore wind power module is independently arranged outside the floating platform module, converts wind energy into electrical energy, part of the generated electrical energy is used to provide electrical energy for the floating platform module and the ocean ranch module or to charge the supercapacitor, and the other part of the electrical energy is transmitted to the wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and hydrogen-ammonia synthesis; Wind power-hydrogen-ammonia conversion module: miniaturized, skid-mounted design installed on the floating platform module, including: water electrolysis hydrogen production system and ammonia synthesis system, wherein the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes an electrolyzer, a hydrogen storage tank, a fuel cell and a supercapacitor. When the electricity generated by the offshore renewable energy power module is consumed by electrolyzing water and synthesizing ammonia through the electrolyzer; when the output of the renewable energy power module is insufficient to meet the load demand, the fuel cell consumes the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank to discharge and make up for the shortage of wind power to meet the grid-connected power requirements; the supercapacitor balances the unbalanced power caused by the response delay of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell by fast charging and discharging; the ammonia synthesis system is used to synthesize ammonia, and the hydrogen, fresh air and unreacted gas generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are transported to the compressor for mixing, and then transported to the ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen-ammonia synthesis. The ammonia obtained after the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower enters the heat exchange system for cooling and then enters the ammonia separator to separate the ammonia and the unreacted gas. The separated ammonia is transported to the green ammonia storage tank for storage; Intelligent control module: used to absorb the fluctuation of wind power output power of offshore renewable energy power modules and optimize the configuration of wind power capacity; Marine transport system: using ammonia-carrying hydrogen fuel cell powered ships to transport liquid ammonia produced by the ammonia synthesis system to onshore consumption terminals, and at the same time transporting seafood caught by the ocean ranch to the land distribution center, while using ammonia energy for long-term freezing and preservation of seafood; Consumption terminal: It is used to crack the liquid ammonia transported by the marine transportation system to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The generated hydrogen is compressed by a compressor and then filled into vehicles using filling equipment or used in fuel cells for power generation.

2. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The floating platform module also includes seawater desalination equipment, a seawater lifting device, a transfer water tank, an underwater hydrogen / oxygen storage device, and a hydraulic lifting system device. The seawater lifting device lifts seawater to the transfer water tank and converts it into fresh water through the seawater desalination device to meet the normal fresh water supply and provide a water source for the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment. The underwater hydrogen / oxygen storage device is used to store hydrogen and oxygen produced by the electrolytic hydrogen production equipment. The hydraulic lifting system device is used to raise or lower the platform cabin under different weather or marine environments.

3. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The marine ranch module includes liftable cages, heat pumps, automatic feeding equipment, automatic fish diagnosis equipment, fishing pumping equipment, ammonia refrigeration equipment, control systems, oxygenation equipment, and transport ships, wherein the liftable cages are adjusted up and down according to water flow conditions to ensure that the fish are in the most suitable water environment, the heat pump is used to heat the water body under abnormal water temperature conditions, the fish automatic diagnosis equipment is used to identify the type, size, and health status of fish in daily breeding processes, and automatically adjusts the working conditions by uploading to the control system to meet the current optimal conditions, the fishing pumping equipment pumps the fish to the ammonia refrigeration container through a pipeline when the fish are produced, and the ammonia compressor is used for refrigeration to achieve quick freezing and preservation of the fish, the oxygenation equipment supplies the breeding water body with oxygen obtained by electrolysis of water or air separation, and supplies oxygen according to the intelligent prediction of the control system to achieve oxygen-enriched breeding, and the transport ship uses an ammonia engine or a hydrogen fuel cell to obtain hydrogen and ammonia supply, which on the one hand ensures the freshness of the fish and breaks the short-term effectiveness of traditional ice use, and is transported to land for distribution by ship, and on the other hand can realize the supply of offshore energy.

4. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module absorbs the fluctuation in wind power output power in the following ways: S1. Determine the output power P of the offshore renewable energy power module w (t) Whether the 1-minute and 10-minute active power fluctuation limits required by the grid are met. If P w (t) If the standard is met, the output power of the wind farm can be directly connected to the grid; if it is not met, the next step is executed; S2. Output power P of offshore renewable energy power module w (t) performing n (n=1) layer wavelet packet decomposition, and using db6 wavelet as the wavelet basis of wavelet packet decomposition according to the characteristics of wind power signal; S3, reconstruct the nth layer of wavelet coefficients after decomposition to obtain the low-frequency component S n,0 With the high-frequency fluctuation component S n,i ; S4, determine the low-frequency component S after n-layer wavelet packet decomposition and reconstruction n,0 Whether the technical standards for wind farm access to the power system are met, if not, repeat step S2 to perform n+1 layers of wavelet packet decomposition. When the volatility amplitude limit is met, the optimal number of layers of wavelet packet decomposition is determined to be n, and the cycle stops.

5. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The wavelet packet decomposition method of the intelligent control module is as follows: S21. According to the relevant requirements of the wind power grid connection standards, establish the permissible range of power fluctuation for wind farm grid connection; S22. Determine wind power generation power P w (t) Whether the grid connection index has been met. If not, the wind power generation power P is stabilized by wavelet packet decomposition. w (t), gradually deepen the decomposition level n; S23, when the decomposed P n,0 When the grid connection requirements are met, n0 is recorded as the optimal decomposition layer number under the condition of wind power fluctuation, and P n,0 Denoted as P0(t), P w The difference between P(t) and P0(t) is the fluctuation of the original wind power generation power P s (t), which is also the fluctuation that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system needs to absorb, P s (t) is obtained by superposing a series of power components corresponding to different frequency ranges, which is also the wind power fluctuation component that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system needs to absorb, P s (t) The input power of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is obtained by amplitude detection calculation and superposition of a part of the positive power component.

6. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module performs wind power capacity optimization configuration in the following manner: Step 1: Using the IWOA algorithm, first set the size of the whale population to N p , then the initial population X=[x1,x2,···x Np ], maximum number of iterations t max , initialize A, C, a values, where A and C are random parameters and a is a control parameter; Step 2: Calculate the fitness value of each individual {f(Xi), i = 1, 2, ···, Np}, and record the current optimal individual and position X best ; Step 3: Calculate the convergence factor a according to Formula 1, and then update the A and C values ​​according to Formula 2 and Formula 3; A=2ar-a Formula 2; C = 2r Formula 3; Where r is a random number in [0,1]; Step 4: Perform random differential mutation perturbation on the best individual in the current group, and update the current whale individual position according to Formula 4; X t+1 = r × (X best -X t )+r×(X rand -X t ) Formula 4; Where X rand is a random whale individual; Step 5: Determine whether the number of iterations t reaches the maximum value t max If the maximum number of iterations is reached, the fitness value of the best solution is output, otherwise return to step 3 to continue execution.

7. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia synthesis system specifically includes a compressor, an ammonia synthesis tower, a waste heat boiler, a heat exchanger, a deoxygenated water preheater, a water cooler, an aftercooler, a condenser, a circulating machine, an ammonia separator, a first ammonia cooler, a second ammonia cooler, a primary flash tank, a secondary flash tank and an absorption tower, wherein the feed port of the compressor is connected to the hydrogen outlet and the fresh air pipeline of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system through pipelines, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the air inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower, the discharge port of the ammonia synthesis tower is connected to the air inlet of the waste heat boiler, the discharge port of the waste heat boiler is connected to the feed port of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, the discharge port of the heat exchanger is connected to the feed port of the deoxygenated water preheater, the discharge port of the deoxygenated water preheater is connected to the feed port of the water cooler, the discharge port of the water cooler is connected to the feed port of the aftercooler, the discharge port of the aftercooler is connected to the first feed port of the condenser, and the The first discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the circulation machine, the discharge port of the circulation machine is connected to the feed port of the compressor through a pipeline, the second discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank through a pipeline, the third discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the first ammonia cooler, the discharge port of the first ammonia cooler is connected to the feed port of the second ammonia cooler, the discharge port of the second ammonia cooler is connected to the feed port of the ammonia separator, the first discharge port of the ammonia separator is connected to the second feed port of the condenser, the second discharge port of the ammonia separator is connected to the feed port of the primary flash tank, the gas outlet of the primary flash tank is connected to the feed port of the compressor through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the primary flash tank is connected to the feed port of the secondary flash tank through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the secondary flash tank is connected to the green ammonia storage tank, and the gas outlet of the secondary flash tank is connected to the absorption tower.

8. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The ammonia synthesis system performs ammonia synthesis in the following manner: hydrogen generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, fresh air and unreacted gas are transported to a compressor for mixing, and then transported to an ammonia synthesis tower for hydrogen-ammonia synthesis. After the reaction in the ammonia synthesis tower, a high-temperature mixed gas is obtained and enters a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery and by-product steam. The temperature of the gas after the reaction is reduced to 190°C, and then it comes out from the upper part of the waste heat boiler and enters a heat exchanger. The gas in and between the tubes of the upper heat exchanger from the top of the heat exchanger is heat exchanged and the gas temperature is reduced to about 90°C. It comes out from the bottom and then enters a water cooler, low in and high out. The gas temperature coming out of the water cooling is reduced to about 20°C, and enters an aftercooler to further reduce the gas temperature to about 10°C, so that the gaseous ammonia in the gas is cooled into mist-like liquid ammonia, and then enters a condenser, and enters the upper heat exchanger tubes and the cold gas from the ammonia separator in the tube for heat exchange from the upper side of the condenser. After the gas temperature drops to about 1°C, it enters the cyclone separator at the bottom of the condenser for the first liquid ammonia separation, so that most of the liquid ammonia in the gas is separated. The separated gas and a small amount of liquid ammonia go up from the annular gap between the inner part and the outer cylinder to the upper side and come out. The gas will be vented before entering the first ammonia cooler. The vented gas enters the first ammonia cooler and then enters the second ammonia cooler to reduce the gas temperature to about -10°C, and then re-enters the condenser as a refrigerant. The liquid ammonia separated by the second ammonia cooler and the condenser is decompressed to 5.1MPa and then enters the first flash tank. Most of the flashed hydrogen and nitrogen are directly returned to the fresh gas pipeline to enter the compressor. The liquid ammonia out of the first flash tank enters the second flash tank again. The second flash pressure is 2.5MPa. The flash gas is absorbed by the absorption tower and sent to the boiler system for combustion. The ammonia water is sent to the boiler flue gas desulfurization system. The liquid ammonia out of the second flash tank is sent to the green ammonia storage tank for storage.

9. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia hydrogen fuel cell powered ship comprises a hull, an ammonia storage module, an ammonia hydrogen production module, a hydrogen supply module, and a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the ammonia storage module comprises a green ammonia storage tank, a monitoring system, and an emergency exhaust system, the interior of the green ammonia storage tank is kept at room temperature, when filling ammonia fuel, the internal pressure is adjusted by the inlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank to keep it within a safe range at all times, when using ammonia fuel, the outlet pressure can be adjusted by the outlet control valve on the green ammonia storage tank; the ammonia hydrogen production module comprises an ammonia decomposition furnace and a gas separation device, the ammonia decomposition furnace adopts a high-temperature electric heating decomposition method to produce ammonia, and then the reaction mixture is The gas is injected into the gas separation device, which separates the ammonia that has not had time to react in the mixed gas, reintroduces it into the ammonia decomposition furnace for reaction, discharges the nitrogen into the air, and introduces the hydrogen into the hydrogen supply module; the hydrogen supply module includes a hydrogen processing device and a monitoring device, the hydrogen processing device purifies, dries and other treatments the hydrogen produced by the ammonia hydrogen production module to generate hydrogen that meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the monitoring device is used to monitor in real time whether the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen processing device meets the purity, pressure and temperature requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen fuel cell is used to provide power to the hull.

10. The marine ranch farming and zero-carbon integrated energy system based on offshore energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The consumption terminal includes offshore vessels, integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation stations, and distributed power generation equipment. The integrated hydrogen production and hydrogenation station includes an ammonia cracking reactor, separation equipment, hydrogen purification equipment, compression equipment, and filling equipment. Liquid ammonia is cracked by a high-temperature catalyst or electrocatalytic cracking to generate hydrogen and nitrogen. The separation equipment and hydrogen purification equipment separate the unconverted ammonia for reuse. The purified hydrogen is compressed by a compressor to a certain pressure and then filled into vehicles using filling equipment or used for fuel cell combustion and power generation.

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