Seed coating agent, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed coating agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The seed coating agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of a thickening agent, 2-10 parts of a film-forming agent, 0.2-1 part of a coloring agent, 0.01-0.05 part of a bitter agent, 5-25 parts of a compounding agent and 100-1500 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid, the seed coating agent is uniformly mixed and stirred with seeds, and the seeds can be sown after being dried in the shade. During preparation, all the components are mixed and stirred uniformly. When the seed coating agent is applied, the activity preservation time of nitrogen-fixing bacteria contained in the seed coating agent can be prolonged to 20 days or above; the seed coating agent can promote growth and increase yield when applied, can significantly promote crop growth and yield in low-fertility soil, has no significant effect in fertile soil, and is more suitable for increasing crop yield at low cost. The seed coating agent provided by the invention can properly prolong the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, promote soil colonization and promote crop growth and yield, and is suitable for increasing the crop yield at low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, in particular to the field of microbial application technology, and specifically relates to a seed coating agent, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0003] Azotobacter is an active microorganism that can obtain nitrogen from air components and convert it into nitrogen-containing substances that can be used by plants. Its nitrogen fixation ability is mainly achieved by the nitrogenase in its body. Studies have shown that the nitrogen content in the soil is negatively correlated with the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil, and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer will inhibit the biological nitrogen fixation ability of the soil. Secondly, due to its special nutritional model, the artificial fermentation enrichment rate of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is slow, and it needs to be in the form of live bacteria to exercise its nitrogen fixation ability. It is difficult to preserve its activity for a long time, and the efficiency of large-scale production and utilization is low.

[0004] Corn is a crop that requires a lot of nitrogen input to achieve high yields. It is highly adaptable and widely planted around the world. Its yield is limited by objective factors in areas where it is difficult to obtain a large amount of production inputs. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria have great practical potential in this situation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed coating agent, a preparation method and application thereof in view of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to be solved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first technical purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed coating agent, characterized in that the seed coating agent comprises: 1-5 parts by weight of a thickener, 2-10 parts by weight of a film-forming agent, 0.2-1 parts by weight of a colorant, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of a bittering agent, 5-25 parts by weight of a preparative, and 100-1500 parts by weight of a nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution.

[0008] The concentration of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution is 10 6 ~10 9 CFU / ml, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution is obtained by adding Ashubei culture medium to a conventional fermentation tank.

[0009] The nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid are round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

[0010] One of the sources of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid is the nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center with a culture collection number of ACCC10006.

[0011] The thickeners are sodium alginate and gelatin, and the weight ratio of sodium alginate to gelatin is 2-5:1.

[0012] The film-forming agent is methylcellulose; and the bittering agent is sucrose octaacetate.

[0013] The dyes are red iron oxide and black iron, and the weight ratio of the red iron oxide to the black iron is 2-5:1.

[0014] The preparation is a composition of mannitol, sucrose, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of mannitol, sucrose, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate and magnesium sulfate is 5-10:3-8:1-5:1-3:3-5:1-2.

[0015] The second technical purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a seed coating agent, which is characterized in that the preparation method has the following steps: prepare 1-5 parts by weight of a thickener, 2-10 parts by weight of a film-forming agent, 0.2-1 parts by weight of a dye, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of a bittering agent, 5-25 parts by weight of a preparative, and 100-1500 parts by weight of a nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution in proportion; put the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution, thickener, dye, film-forming agent, bittering agent, and preparative into a container in this order and mix and stir evenly to obtain a seed coating agent containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

[0016] The third technical purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for using a seed coating agent, wherein the seed coating agent prepared according to the second technical purpose is mixed with seeds and stirred evenly, and then the seeds are dried in the shade for 30 to 60 minutes before sowing.

[0017] The fourth technical purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of a seed coating agent in prolonging the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which is essentially a method for prolonging the survival time of nitrogen-fixing bacteria inside the seed coating agent. The seed coating agent with the above formula can prolong the storage time of the active nitrogen-fixing bacteria contained therein to more than 20 days.

[0018] The fifth technical purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed coating agent for use in promoting growth and increasing yield. The seed coating agent with the above formula is mixed with seeds and stirred evenly, and then sown in low-fertility soil after drying in the shade. It has been verified that the biomass and thousand-grain weight of corn can be increased by 2% to 7%.

[0019] There are multiple indicators of low fertility. The "low fertility" referred to in this application only needs to meet one of the following indicators: soil organic matter less than 1%, soil total nitrogen content less than 0.01%, and soil organic phosphorus content less than 15 mg / kg.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] The seed coating agent provided by the present invention can appropriately prolong the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, promote soil colonization, promote crop growth and yield, and is suitable for increasing crop yield at low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Attached Figure 1 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the emergence rate of corn;

[0023] Attached Figure 2 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the concentration of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil;

[0024] Attached Figure 3 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the height of corn plants at different time periods;

[0025] Attached Figure 4 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the corn stem diameter at different time periods;

[0026] Attached Figure 5 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the root weight of corn at different time periods;

[0027] Attached Figure 6 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the weight of corn plants in different time periods;

[0028] Attached Figure 7 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the weight of corn cobs;

[0029] Attached Figure 8 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the weight of corn cobs;

[0030] Attached Fig. 9 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the thousand-grain weight of corn;

[0031] Attached Fig.10 The effect of the seed coating agent provided by the present invention on the weight of corn cobs;

[0032] Attached Fig.11 The invention discloses the effect of the seed coating agent provided by the invention on corn yield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0034] The present invention provides a seed coating agent, which comprises: 1-5 parts by weight of a thickener, 2-10 parts by weight of a film-forming agent, 0.2-1 parts by weight of a dye, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of a bittering agent, 5-25 parts by weight of a preservative, and 100-1500 parts by weight of a nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution, wherein the preferred concentration of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution is 10 6 ~10 9CFU / ml, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid is obtained by adding Axubei culture medium (Qingdao Haibo product number: HB8540) to a conventional fermentation tank; the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid are preferably round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

[0035] In the above-mentioned seed coating agent, the thickeners are sodium alginate and gelatin, and the weight ratio of sodium alginate to gelatin is 2-5:1; the film-forming agent is methyl cellulose, and the bittering agent is sucrose octaacetate; the coloring agents are red iron oxide and black iron, and the weight ratio of red iron oxide to black iron is 2-5:1; the additives are a combination of mannitol, sucrose, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of mannitol, sucrose, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate and magnesium sulfate is 5-10:3-8:1-5:1-3:3-5:1-2.

[0036] In the above seed coating agent, one of the sources of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution is nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center with a culture collection number of ACCC10006.

[0037] The invention provides a method for preparing a seed coating agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing 1-5 parts by weight of a thickener, 2-10 parts by weight of a film-forming agent, 0.2-1 parts by weight of a dye, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of a bittering agent, 5-25 parts by weight of a premix, and 100-1500 parts by weight of a nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid in proportion; and sequentially placing the nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid, the thickener, the dye, the film-forming agent, the bittering agent, and the premix into a container, mixing and stirring the mixture to obtain a seed coating agent containing the nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

[0038] Mix the above-mentioned seed coating agent with the crop seeds and stir evenly, dry in the shade for 30 minutes to 60 minutes before sowing.

[0039] The present invention provides an application of a seed coating agent in prolonging the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The seed coating agent can prolong the survival time of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria inside the seed coating agent. Specifically, the seed coating agent with the above formula can prolong the storage time of the activity of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria contained therein to more than 20 days.

[0040] The present invention provides an application of a seed coating agent in promoting growth and increasing yield. The seed coating agent of the above formula is mixed with seeds and stirred evenly, and then sown in soil with low fertility (for example, soil organic matter is less than 1%; soil total nitrogen content is less than 0.01%; soil organic phosphorus content is less than 15 mg / kg) after being dried in the shade; the application of the seed coating agent can significantly promote crop growth and yield in low fertility soil, but has no significant effect in fertile soil, and is more suitable for increasing crop yield at low cost. When verified, the biomass and thousand-grain weight of corn can be increased by 2% to 7%.

[0041] Example

[0042] A seed coating agent, comprising: 1 part by weight of a thickener, 2 parts by weight of a film-forming agent, 0.2 parts by weight of a dye, 0.01 parts by weight of a bittering agent, 5 parts by weight of a preservative, 100 parts by weight of a 10% 8 CFU / ml of nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid, wherein the weight ratio of sodium alginate and gelatin in the thickener is 5:1, the weight ratio of iron oxide red and iron black in the dye is 2:1; the weight ratio of mannitol, sucrose, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate and magnesium sulfate in the additive is 6:4:3:1:4:1, and the source of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid is the nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center with a culture collection number of ACCC10006.

[0043] Preparation: Put the above-mentioned amounts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid, thickener, colorant, film-forming agent, bittering agent and additives into a container in turn and mix and stir evenly to obtain a seed coating agent containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

[0044] Usage: Evenly mix the above seed coating agent with conventional corn seeds at a mass ratio of 1:30, and dry in the shade for 30 minutes to obtain conventional corn seeds coated with the seed coating agent.

[0045] Experimental Example 1

[0046] Test plants: Potted corn, experimental variety: "Liangyu 99".

[0047] Experimental method: This experiment was conducted in a 100ml small pot indoors in January 2023. This experiment set up a control group (CK) and a seed coating agent treatment group (AC). The seed coating agent used in the seed coating agent treatment group is provided in the embodiment. Four fertilizer gradients of 100F (600kg / ha), 90F (540kg / ha), 80F (kg / ha), and 62.5F (kg / ha) were set. Three replicates were set for each treatment, with 50 corns in each replicate. A statistical experiment on the emergence rate was conducted.

[0048] Results comparison: Figure 1 It can be seen that the seed coating agent containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria provided by the present invention has no significant effect on the corn germination rate. Regardless of the multiple fertilizer gradients used, the germination rate is greater than 98% and there is no significant difference between different treatments, and there is no adverse effect on corn.

[0049] Experimental Example 2

[0050] Test plants: Potted corn, experimental variety: "Liangyu 99".

[0051] Experimental method: In this experiment, seeds were sown on June 6 in 2022 and 2023, and a control group (CK) and a coating agent treatment group (AC) were set up. The seed coating agent used in the seed coating agent treatment group was provided in the example. Four fertilizer gradients were set: 100F (600kg / ha), 90F (540kg / ha), 80F (kg / ha), and 62.5F (kg / ha).

[0052] (1) Coated seeds without nitrogen-fixing bacteria, with other ingredients being the same as those in the above example (CK);

[0053] (2) The coated seeds provided in the embodiment of the present invention (the number of live bacteria counted in the seed coating agent coating is 1.0×10 8 cfu / ml, and it is temporarily difficult to culture higher concentrations of bacterial liquid);

[0054] (3) Each treatment was repeated three times, and each repeated time was 30 minutes. 2 In the planting plot, the row spacing is 80 cm and the plant spacing is 20 cm. The corn emergence rate survey will be conducted from July 10, 2022 to July 14, 2023;

[0055] (4) Conduct corn growth surveys on July 31, August 20, and September 10, 2022, and August 4, August 24, and September 13, 2023;

[0056] (5) nitrogenase activity was measured in maize rhizosphere soil on September 10, 2022 and September 13, 2023;

[0057] (6) Corn yield measurements will be conducted on September 30, 2022 and 2023.

[0058] Comparison results: The results are shown in Table 1.

[0059]

[0060] Table 1 Three-way ANOVA of the effects of fertilizer application (F, 100F means 600 kg / ha fertilizer application), nitrogen-fixing bacteria coating (i), year (Y) and interaction on soil metabolic enzyme activities in different years (F / P value)

[0061] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that the treatment of nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent had no significant effect on the corn germination rate;

[0062] Depend on Figure 2Combined with Table 1, it can be seen that the changes in the amount of corn-coated nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating and fertilizer application have a significant effect on soil nitrogenase activity, and the effect is more significant when the amount of fertilizer used is less. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating has a long-term interaction with corn, and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the seed coating successfully colonize in the soil. The year and various interactions have a significant effect on it. At a fertilizer application rate of 62.5F, its soil nitrogenase activity increased by about 8%;

[0063] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the treatment of nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent had no significant effect on corn height;

[0064] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent has a significant effect on the stem diameter of corn under the condition of reduced fertilizer application. Under low fertilizer conditions (62.5F), the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent significantly increased the stem diameter of corn (1% to 15%).

[0065] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent has a more significant effect on the root weight of corn under the condition of reduced fertilizer application. Under low fertilizer conditions (62.5F), the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent significantly increased the root weight of corn (1% to 56%).

[0066] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent has a more significant effect on the weight of corn plants under the condition of reduced fertilizer application. Under low fertilizer conditions (62.5F), the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent significantly increased the weight of corn plants (1% to 17%).

[0067] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent has a significant effect on corn ear weight under the condition of reduced fertilizer application;

[0068] Depend on Figure 8 It can be seen that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent has a significant effect on corn ear weight under the condition of reduced fertilizer application;

[0069] Depend on Fig. 9 It can be seen that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent has a more significant effect on the thousand-grain weight of corn under the condition of reduced fertilizer application. Under low fertilizer conditions (62.5F), the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent significantly increased the thousand-grain weight of corn (1% to 7%); the main effect of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is to increase the thousand-grain weight of corn, making each corn kernel fuller.

[0070] Depend on Fig.10 It can be seen that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent has a significant effect on the number of corn kernels under the condition of reduced fertilizer application;

[0071] Depend on Fig.11It can be seen that the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent has a more significant effect on corn yield under the condition of reduced fertilizer application. Under low fertilizer conditions (62.5F), the nitrogen-fixing bacteria seed coating agent significantly increased corn yield (1% to 16%).

[0072] Experimental Example 3

[0073] Experimental method: A culture medium coating counting experiment was conducted once every 10 days on the seed coating agent containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the original nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution provided in the examples.

[0074] Comparison results: The results are shown in Table 2 and Table 3. The seed coating agent containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria significantly increased the storage time of nitrogen-fixing bacteria activity at 25°C and 4°C. 6 Under the condition that CFU is an effective product, its storage time can be extended to about 20 days, which provides favorable conditions for the storage and transportation of seed coating agents.

[0075] Number of viable bacteria at 25℃ Day 0 10 days 20 days 30 days 40 days 50 days Original nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution 1.0*10^8 1.0*10^5 1.0*10^3 140 0 0 Seed coating agent 1.0*10^8 1.0*10^8 1.0*10^6 1.0*10^4 1.0*10^2 0

[0076] Table 2 The nitrogen-fixing bacteria activity of the seed coating agent containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the original nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution at 25℃

[0077] 4℃ / number of viable bacteria Day 0 10 days 20 days 30 days 40 days 50 days Original nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution 1.0*10^8 1.0*10^8 1.0*10^6 1.0*10^6 1.0*10^5 1.0*10^4 Seed coating agent 1.0*10^8 1.0*10^8 1.0*10^8 1.0*10^7 1.0*10^7 1.0*10^6

[0078] Table 3 Nitrogen-fixing bacteria activity of seed coating containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria and original nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution at 4°C

[0079] The seed coating agent of the present invention can significantly promote crop growth and yield when applied in low-fertility soil, but has no significant effect in fertile soil. The seed coating agent is more suitable for increasing crop yield at low cost.

[0080] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Technologies not covered by the present invention can be implemented by existing technologies.

Claims

1. A seed coating agent, characterized in that: The seed coating agent comprises: 1-5 parts by weight of a thickener, 2-10 parts by weight of a film-forming agent, 0.2-1 parts by weight of a dye, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of a bittering agent, 5-25 parts by weight of a preparatant, and 100-1500 parts by weight of a nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid; the seed coating agent is mixed with seeds and stirred evenly, and the seeds can be sown after being dried in the shade.

2. The seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution is 10 6 ~10 9 CFU / ml, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria solution is obtained by adding Ashubei culture medium to a conventional fermentation tank.

3. The seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid are round brown nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

4. The seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickeners are sodium alginate and gelatin, and the weight ratio of sodium alginate to gelatin is 2-5:

1.

5. The seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film-forming agent is methylcellulose; and the bittering agent is sucrose octaacetate.

6. The seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dyes are red iron oxide and black iron, and the weight ratio of red iron oxide to black iron is 2-5:

1.

7. The seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation is a composition of mannitol, sucrose, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate and magnesium sulfate, and the weight ratio of mannitol, sucrose, ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate and magnesium sulfate is 5-10:3-8:1-5:1-3:3-5:1-2.

8. A method for preparing a seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing 1-5 parts by weight of a thickener, 2-10 parts by weight of a film-forming agent, 0.2-1 parts by weight of a dye, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of a bittering agent, 5-25 parts by weight of a preparatant, and 100-1500 parts by weight of a nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid in proportion; placing the nitrogen-fixing bacteria liquid, the thickener, the dye, the film-forming agent, the bittering agent, and the preparatant into a container in this order, mixing and stirring the mixture to obtain a seed coating agent containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria; mixing the seed coating agent and seeds to obtain a uniform mixture, and drying the mixture in the shade before sowing.

9. Use of the seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in prolonging the activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, characterized in that: The seed coating agent can prolong the storage time of the active nitrogen-fixing bacteria contained therein to more than 20 days.

10. Use of the seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in promoting growth and increasing yield, characterized in that: The seed coating agent is mixed with the seeds and stirred evenly, and then sown in low-fertility soil after drying in the shade.

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