Guiding system for immediate implantation of oral anterior tooth area and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a guiding system for immediate implantation of an oral anterior tooth area and a using method. The guide system comprises a scale indication drill point and an angle guide ring. The angle guide ring is composed of a guide plate platform located on the upper portion and a guide column located on the lower portion, the cross section of the lip side part of the guide plate platform is semicircular, the cross section of the palatal side part of the guide plate platform is rectangular, and the diameter of the lip side part of the guide plate platform is equal to the width of the palatal side part of the guide plate platform; the guide post is cylindrical and is positioned below the center of the junction of the lip side part and the palatal side part of the guide plate platform; the central axis of the guide column is located on the symmetrical face of the angle guide ring. A guide plate channel is arranged in the angle guide ring, the guide plate channel penetrates through the guide plate platform and the guide column, the guide plate channel is cylindrical or oblique cylindrical, and the central axis of the guide plate channel is located on the symmetric surface of the angle guide ring; when the guide plate channel is in the oblique cylinder shape, the upper opening is close to the lip side, and the lower opening is close to the palatal side.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a guidance system for immediate implantation in anterior teeth area of ​​an oral cavity and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Immediate implantation refers to the method of placing an implant in the extraction socket immediately after tooth extraction. Compared with traditional implantation techniques, immediate implantation does not require waiting for 1-6 months after tooth extraction for the trauma to heal before placing the implant. It can reduce the number of surgeries, shorten the course of treatment, prevent alveolar bone absorption (atrophy), maintain a good soft tissue contour, and reduce the psychological trauma of patients caused by tooth loss. Therefore, it has become a hot topic for implant clinicians.

[0003] The basic steps of immediate implantation are: minimally invasive tooth extraction and wound treatment, preparation of the alveolar socket and implant placement, bone defect treatment, wound closure and postoperative care. For immediate implantation in the anterior area (aesthetic area), the difficulties include: preparing an ideal three-dimensional implant cavity in the alveolar socket, good initial stability of the implant after implantation, and sufficient thickness of the labial bone plate of the implant.

[0004] The relative position relationship between the maxillary anterior tooth root and the alveolar bone has a great influence on the formulation of the immediate implant surgery plan. It not only affects the initial stability of the implant, but also, as one of the important parameters for evaluating the bone morphology characteristics of the maxillary anterior tooth area, is closely related to the difficulty of the immediate implant surgery and the postoperative effect. Many scholars have studied the angle between the long axis of the maxillary anterior tooth and the long axis of the alveolar bone. Based on previous research results, it is known that the angle between the maxillary anterior tooth and the alveolar bone is roughly between 10-20°, and the angle between the canine and the alveolar bone is larger than that between the incisor. When the long axis of the maxillary anterior tooth is consistent with the direction of the alveolar bone or the angle is small (<10°), the axial direction of the implant can refer to the direction of the natural tooth root to obtain good initial stability. When the long axis of the maxillary anterior tooth forms a certain angle with the long axis of the alveolar process, the labial bone plate is often thinner, and a small diameter implant should be selected, and the implant placement direction should be slightly biased to the palate to utilize the root and palate bones to obtain initial stability and avoid perforation of the labial bone plate. When the angle between the long axis of the upper anterior teeth and the labial bone plate is too large, the labial bone plate is often thin and accompanied by insufficient bone height. Immediate implantation is not recommended at this time.

[0005] When performing immediate implantation in the anterior area, some doctors choose not to open the flap in order to preserve soft tissue. Because there is a certain angle between the anterior tooth root and the alveolar bone, the palatal bone plate is thicker and the bone cortex is dense, and the labial resistance is small and the palatal resistance is large when preparing the hole. Therefore, it is very easy to deviate from the ideal axis during the operation, and even pass through the labial bone plate, causing perforation, leading to adverse consequences. How to achieve a good implant site and axis without opening the flap and without the labial bone wall visible to the naked eye has always been a difficulty in immediate implantation in the anterior area.

[0006] At present, the main methods of preparing the alveolar socket for immediate implant surgery in the anterior area include the following:

[0007] (1) Free Hand

[0008] After minimally invasive tooth extraction and tooth extraction wound treatment, the drill needle is placed close to the palatal bone plate and biased toward the palate to prepare holes step by step. The left hand can be used for palpation to feel the space between the lips and palate of the surgical area. When preparing holes, a parallel rod should be used to detect the position and direction after each drill preparation, and continuous correction should be made. In this method, the control of the three-dimensional position and axial direction of the implant cavity depends on the surgeon's experience and spatial perception ability.

[0009] (2) Digital guide plate

[0010] Preoperatively, a personalized digital implant guide is made by oral scanning or impression making, combined with the CBCT data taken by the patient. The guide needs to be tried on before the operation and can only be put into use after confirming that it is suitable. During the operation, the doctor uses the digital implant guide to prepare the implant socket and implant the implant. This method is a good way for precise implantation. However, the design and production of digital implant guides requires high skills of the physician, and requires special guide design, production software, equipment and materials. The static guide intraoperative plan cannot be changed, and the design and production time is long, the number of patient visits increases, and the implant cost is high.

[0011] (3) Shield Tunneling

[0012] In 2010, foreign scholars Hürzeler et al. proposed the shield technique, which is to retain part of the labial root and the healthy fascicular bone-periodontal ligament complex during tooth extraction, maintain the blood supply of the labial bone plate, and preserve the alveolar bone volume. The recommended surgical method is: ① Cut the crown to the same height as the gingival level; ② Use a long-handled drill to cut the root in half along the root canal direction, and remove the lingual / palatal root; ③ Check whether the remaining root slice is loose, and carefully clean the remaining root slice; ④ Use a round-head drill to trim the crown of the remaining root slice into an arc shape that is about 1mm higher than the alveolar ridge top and slightly concave toward the labial side; ⑤ Implant the implant on the palatal side of the remaining root slice. The operation technique of the shield technique varies due to the doctor's clinical judgment and the patient's implant conditions. At present, there is still a lack of clear standard for the preparation method of the root slice. This technique can avoid interference with the extraction socket morphology and labial perforation to a certain extent, but after the palatal root slice / root extraction, the implant cavity preparation still depends on the surgeon's experience. In addition, the long-term reliability of this technique lacks high-quality research evidence with a long follow-up time and a large number of cohorts.

[0013] (4) Dynamic navigation technology

[0014] Dynamic navigation technology is a computer-assisted implant surgery technology based on medical imaging, implant-assisted software and industrial rapid prototyping technology. Its principles are mainly image three-dimensional visualization technology, registration technology and spatial positioning technology. The operation process is to first let the patient wear a registration device with radiopaque markers in the surgical area to take CBCT, import the obtained three-dimensional image into the navigation system for preoperative design, and then wear the same registration device again during the operation. By matching the registration mark points of the surgical area and the three-dimensional image in the navigation system, the actual situation in the patient's mouth during the operation is combined with the three-dimensional image in the navigation display screen, and finally complete the registration of the preoperative design with the real surgical area. The implantation accuracy of dynamic navigation technology implants is higher than that of free hands, and real-time navigation during the operation is conducive to timely correction of the axial direction of the implant. However, the navigation equipment is expensive, the preoperative and postoperative operation procedures are complicated, and there is a learning curve for the use of navigation. The successful transfer of the preoperative design to the patient's mouth requires the implant physician to have strong hand-eye coordination ability. Summary of the invention

[0015] In view of the difficulties in cavity preparation and the shortcomings of the preparation methods of the existing immediate implantation technology in the anterior teeth area, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a guidance system and a method of use for immediate implantation in the anterior teeth area of ​​the oral cavity. The use of this system and method for implantation cavity preparation can solve the problem in the prior art that the sliding of the drill needle causes the implant cavity to deviate from the ideal position.

[0016] In order to solve the above technical problems, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0017] A guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior teeth area of ​​the oral cavity, comprising a scale indicating drill and an angle guide ring; the angle guide ring is composed of a guide plate platform located at the top and a guide column located at the bottom, the cross section of the labial part of the guide plate platform is semicircular, the cross section of the palatal part is rectangular, the diameter of the labial part of the guide plate platform is equal to the width of the palatal part of the guide plate platform; the guide column is cylindrical and is located below the center of the junction of the labial part and the palatal part of the guide plate platform; the central axis of the guide column is located on the symmetry plane of the angle guide ring;

[0018] A guide plate channel is provided inside the angle guide ring, and the guide plate channel passes through the guide plate platform and the guide column. The guide plate channel is cylindrical or oblique cylindrical, and its central axis is located on the symmetry plane of the angle guide ring;

[0019] When the guide channel is in an oblique cylindrical shape, its upper opening is close to the labial side, and its lower opening is close to the palatal side.

[0020] Furthermore, the diameter of the guide plate channel is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel and the vertical line is 10°.

[0021] Alternatively, the diameter of the guide plate channel is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel and the vertical line is 10°.

[0022] Alternatively, the diameter of the guide plate channel is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel and the vertical line is 15°.

[0023] Alternatively, the diameter of the guide plate channel is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel and the vertical line is 15°.

[0024] Alternatively, the diameter of the guide plate channel is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel and the vertical line is 0°.

[0025] Alternatively, the diameter of the guide plate channel is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel and the vertical line is 0°.

[0026] Furthermore, the diameter of the labial side portion of the guide plate platform is 5 mm, and the palatal side portion of the guide plate platform is a rectangle of 4.5 mm×5 mm; the thickness of the guide plate platform is 1 mm;

[0027] The diameter of the guide post is 4mm and the height is 3mm; the distance between the outer side surface of the guide post close to the lip side and the outer side surface of the guide plate platform close to the lip side is 1mm, and the distance between the outer side surface of the guide post close to the palate side and the outer side surface of the guide plate platform close to the palate side is 2mm.

[0028] Furthermore, the working end of the scale indicator drill is a flat-head 10-blade tungsten steel drill with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 5 mm; a scale is set on the side of the drill bit, the graduation value of the scale is 1.0 mm, and a black area is marked 3-4 mm away from the tip of the drill bit; a black line mark is made every 1 mm within 3 mm of the tip of the drill bit.

[0029] The method for using the guidance system for immediate implantation in the anterior teeth region of the oral cavity of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0030] 1) Perform cone beam CT scans on patients who are to undergo immediate implantation to obtain CT data of the patient's oral cavity;

[0031] 2) Observe the CT data of the patient's affected tooth from the anatomical plane, determine the positional relationship between the tooth root and the alveolar bone, and select the corresponding guide ring angle;

[0032] When the long axis of the upper front teeth is in line with the alveolar bone or the angle is less than 10°, use a guide ring with an angle of 0°; when the long axis of the upper front teeth forms a certain angle with the long axis of the alveolar process, a 10° or 15° guide ring can be selected according to the specific situation; when the angle between the long axis of the upper front teeth and the labial bone plate is too large, immediate implant surgery is not recommended;

[0033] 3) Crown cutting of the affected tooth: Grind off the crown of the affected tooth until it is flush with the gingival edge, so that the cross section is 90° with the upper part of the root canal;

[0034] 4) Preparation of the root neck of the affected tooth:

[0035] ① Fixed point: The midpoint of the tooth tissue on the palatal side of the root canal is taken as the center point;

[0036] ② Determination of depth: along the long axis of the affected tooth, the bottom edge of the black block of the scale indicating the drill needle is the preparation depth;

[0037] ③ Expand the cavity: Use the scale drill to gradually expand the cavity along the long axis of the tooth until the hole diameter is 4 mm;

[0038] ④ Repair the hole shape: retain 2mm thick tooth tissue on the labial side of the root canal to form a cylindrical hole with a palatal diameter of 4mm and a depth of 3mm;

[0039] 5) Hold the guide ring and insert it into the prepared hole. If it can be inserted smoothly and remain stable, it means that the root preparation is complete. If there is any obstruction, continue to use the drill needle for preparation;

[0040] 6) Preparation of implant cavity:

[0041] ① Rinse thoroughly to remove debris. The disinfected angle guide rings are ready for use: at the same angle, select guide rings with diameters of 2mm and 3mm for use;

[0042] ② Use a 2mm diameter guide ring for guidance, use a long-handled drill to locate and cut the middle and lower part of the root along the guide ring channel, use a pilot drill to prepare the hole, and pay attention to cooling;

[0043] ③ Replace the guide ring with a diameter of 3mm for guidance, use a long-handled drill to cut the middle and lower part of the root along the guide ring channel, use a pilot drill to prepare the hole, and pay attention to cooling;

[0044] 7) Minimally invasive extraction of the affected tooth, scraping of the alveolar socket, flushing with large amounts of saline, and thorough cleaning of the residual periodontal membrane and granulation tissue;

[0045] 8) Use the final reamer provided with the implant system to prepare the hole, implant the implant of the corresponding diameter, screw in the cover screw, fill the bone gap around the implant with bone powder, and close the wound.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the guiding system and method for immediate implantation in the anterior teeth region of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0047] Beneficial effects:

[0048] (1) The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity of the present invention utilizes the palatal part of the natural tooth root as a guide for the implant site, which helps to avoid the axial deviation of the implant toward the labial side, thereby reducing the occurrence of complications such as labial gum recession and bone resorption;

[0049] (2) When preparing the cervical root of the affected tooth, retain 2 mm thick tooth tissue on the labial side and follow the principle of "the distance from the labial side of the implant to the alveolar bone wall is at least 2 mm" required for immediate implantation. This helps ensure that the labial bone plate is thick enough after the implant is placed.

[0050] (3) The traditional procedure for immediate implantation is to perform minimally invasive tooth extraction first and then prepare the hole. When preparing the hole after tooth extraction, the labial resistance is small and the palatal resistance is large, which can easily deviate from the ideal axis during the operation, leading to adverse consequences. In the guidance system of the present invention, the steps of preparing the hole first and then performing minimally invasive tooth extraction are adopted, which reduces the impact of the uneven resistance between the labial and palatal sides and helps to avoid the occurrence of perforation of the labial bone plate.

[0051] (4) The angle guide ring of the present invention is set at three different angles, namely 10°, 15° and 0°. The settings of these three different angles are suitable for those whose long axis of the upper front teeth and the long axis of the alveolar bone form a certain angle (about 55.8%) and the same angle (about 9.5%), totaling 65.3%. About 34.7% of the people have a large angle between the long axis of the tooth and the long axis of the alveolar bone, and this group of people is not recommended to undergo immediate implant surgery. The setting of the three angles is scientific, reasonable and applicable to most clinical immediate implant surgeries. Under the guidance of the angle guide ring, it helps to accurately prepare the cavity in the ideal three-dimensional position, which is beneficial to reduce the technical sensitivity of the immediate implant surgery of the anterior teeth, making the immediate implant surgery in the anterior teeth area more controllable and more effective, and reducing the preoperative guide plate production, guide plate trial wearing and other processes, thereby improving the treatment efficiency and reducing the economic burden on patients.

[0052] The guiding system and the method of use for immediate implantation in the anterior teeth region of the oral cavity of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 Front view of the drill needle with scale indicator.

[0054] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the guide ring (channel diameter 2mm, angle 10°).

[0055] Figure 3 This is a top view of the guide ring (channel diameter 2mm, angle 10°).

[0056] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal section of the guide ring (channel diameter 2mm, angle 10°).

[0057] Figure 5This is a longitudinal section of the guide ring (channel diameter 3mm, angle 10°).

[0058] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal section of the guide ring (channel diameter 2mm, angle 15°).

[0059] Figure 7 This is a longitudinal section of the guide ring (channel diameter 3mm, angle 15°).

[0060] Figure 8 This is a longitudinal section of the guide ring (channel diameter 2mm, angle 0°).

[0061] Fig. 9 This is a longitudinal section of the guide ring (channel diameter 3mm, angle 0°).

[0062] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation method for the affected tooth. The left side of the figure is the labial side, and the right side is the palatal side.

[0063] Among them, 1-guide plate platform, 2-guide column, 3-guide plate channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] like Figure 1-9 As shown, a guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity comprises a scale indicating drill and an angle guide ring. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the working end of the scale indicator drill is a flat-head 10-edge tungsten steel drill with a diameter of 2mm and a length of 5mm; the drill side is set with a scale, the graduation value of the scale is 1.0mm, and the black area is marked at 3-4mm from the tip of the drill (ideal depth); a black line mark is made every 1mm within the 3mm range of the drill tip. This setting allows the operating doctor to directly read the value according to the color of the drill needle immersed in the tooth to determine whether the predetermined depth has been reached. When the anterior tooth area is implanted immediately, the implant shoulder should be located 3-4mm to the root of the gingival margin of the restoration in the crown-root direction. The black block area set by the drill is 3-4mm, which is conducive to intuitive reading during tooth preparation and predicting the position of the subsequent implant shoulder.

[0065] The angle guide ring provides a convenient and quick direction indication for implant cavity preparation. The angle guide ring consists of a guide plate platform 1 located at the top and a guide column 2 located at the bottom. The cross section of the labial part of the guide plate platform 1 is semicircular, and the cross section of the palatal part is rectangular. The diameter of the labial part of the guide plate platform 1 is equal to the width of the palatal part of the guide plate platform 1. The guide column 2 is cylindrical and is located below the center of the junction of the labial part and the palatal part of the guide plate platform 1. The central axis of the guide column 2 is located on the symmetry plane of the angle guide ring.

[0066] A guide plate channel 3 is provided inside the angle guide ring, and the guide plate channel 3 passes through the guide plate platform 1 and the guide column 2. The guide plate channel 3 is cylindrical or obliquely cylindrical, and its central axis is located on the symmetry plane of the angle guide ring. When the guide plate channel 3 is obliquely cylindrical, its upper opening is close to the lip side, and its lower opening is close to the palate side.

[0067] The guide ring platform mainly plays a stopping role, controlling the guide ring at the prepared tooth neck to prevent sinking and displacement. The guide ring channel provides direction and angle guidance for the implant cavity preparation drill. A triangular mark is set at the semicircular top of the guide plate platform 1 to indicate the direction. When in use, the tip of the triangle is aligned with the labial side of the implant site.

[0068] The diameter of the labial part of the guide plate platform 1 is 5 mm, and the palatal part of the guide plate platform 1 is a rectangle of 4.5 mm×5 mm; the thickness of the guide plate platform 1 is 1 mm.

[0069] The diameter of the guide post 2 is 4mm and the height is 3mm; the distance between the outer side surface of the guide post 2 close to the lip side and the outer side surface of the guide plate platform 1 close to the lip side is 1mm, and the distance between the outer side surface of the guide post 2 close to the palate side and the outer side surface of the guide plate platform 1 close to the palate side is 2mm.

[0070] According to the size and tilt angle, there are 6 types of angle guide rings:

[0071] Type 1: The diameter of the guide plate channel 3 is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel 3 and the vertical line is 10°.

[0072] Type 2: The diameter of the guide plate channel 3 is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel 3 and the vertical line is 10°.

[0073] Type 3: The diameter of the guide plate channel 3 is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel 3 and the vertical line is 15°.

[0074] Type 4: The diameter of the guide plate channel 3 is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel 3 and the vertical line is 15°.

[0075] Type 5: The diameter of the guide plate channel 3 is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel 3 and the vertical line is 0°.

[0076] Type 6: The diameter of the guide plate channel 3 is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel 3 and the vertical line is 0°.

[0077] The method for using the guidance system comprises the following steps:

[0078] 1) Perform cone beam CT scans on patients who are to undergo immediate implantation to obtain CT data of the patient's oral cavity;

[0079] 2) Observe the CT data of the patient's affected tooth from the anatomical plane, determine the positional relationship between the tooth root and the alveolar bone, and select the corresponding guide ring angle;

[0080] The angle between the maxillary anterior teeth and the alveolar bone is roughly between 10-20°, and the angle between the canine and the alveolar bone is larger than that between the incisor. When the long axis of the maxillary anterior teeth is in the same direction as the alveolar bone or the angle is small (<10°), it is recommended to use a guide ring with an angle of 0 (types 5 and 6). When the long axis of the maxillary anterior teeth forms a certain angle with the long axis of the alveolar process, a 10° or 15° guide ring (types 1-4) can be selected according to the specific situation. When the angle between the long axis of the maxillary anterior teeth and the labial bone plate is too large, immediate implant surgery is not recommended.

[0081] 3) Crown cutting of the affected tooth ( Fig.10 C): Grind off the crown of the affected tooth until it is flush with the gingival margin, so that the cross section is 90° with the upper part of the root canal (1 / 3 of the neck);

[0082] 4) Preparation of the root neck of the affected tooth:

[0083] ① Fixed point: The midpoint of the tooth tissue on the palatal side of the root canal is taken as the center point;

[0084] ② Determination of depth: along the long axis of the affected tooth, the bottom edge of the black block of the scale indicating the drill needle is the preparation depth;

[0085] ③ Expand the cavity: Use the scale drill to gradually expand the cavity along the long axis of the tooth until the hole diameter is 4 mm;

[0086] ④ Reshape the hole: retain 2mm thick tooth tissue on the labial side of the root canal to form a cylindrical hole with a diameter of 4mm and a depth of 3mm on the palatal side ( Fig.10 D)

[0087] 5) Hold the guide ring and insert it into the prepared hole. If it can be inserted smoothly and remain stable, it means that the root preparation is complete. If there is any obstruction, continue to use the drill needle for preparation;

[0088] 6) Preparation of implant cavity:

[0089] ① Rinse thoroughly to remove debris. The disinfected angle guide rings are ready for use: at the same angle, select guide rings with diameters of 2mm and 3mm for use (for example, if the selected angle is 10°, select the first and second types for use; if the selected angle is 15°, select the third and fourth types for use; if the selected angle is 0°, select the fifth and sixth types for use);

[0090] ② Use a 2mm diameter guide ring for guidance, use a long-handled drill to locate and cut the middle and lower part of the root along the guide ring channel, use a pilot drill to prepare the hole, and pay attention to cooling;

[0091] ③ Replace the guide ring with a diameter of 3mm for guidance, use a long-handled drill to cut the middle and lower part of the root along the guide ring channel, use a pilot drill to prepare the hole, and pay attention to cooling;

[0092] 7) Minimally invasive extraction of the affected tooth, scraping of the alveolar socket, flushing with large amounts of saline, and thorough cleaning of residual periodontal membrane and granulation tissue;

[0093] 8) Use the final reamer of the implant system to prepare the hole, implant the implant of the corresponding diameter, screw in the cover screw, fill the bone gap around the implant with bone powder, and close the wound. The ways to close the wound include: making a temporary restoration on the upper part, placing a healing abutment for transgingival healing, and connective tissue transplantation for closure.

[0094] The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior teeth area of ​​the oral cavity of the present invention is easy to use, and is conducive to the operator to accurately control the direction and depth of the cavity when preparing the cavity. The remaining root portion of the affected tooth after preparing the cavity helps to prevent the influence of irregular extraction sockets on cavity preparation. This method is conducive to reducing the technical sensitivity of the immediate implantation surgery in the anterior teeth area, making the immediate implantation surgery in the anterior teeth area more controllable and more effective. At the same time, compared with existing technologies such as digital guides and navigation, it shortens the design time and reduces the economic cost, while providing patients with more efficient and high-quality medical services, reducing the economic burden of patients.

[0095] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A guidance system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity, characterized in that: It comprises a scale indicating drill needle and an angle guide ring; the angle guide ring is composed of a guide plate platform (1) located at the top and a guide column (2) located at the bottom; the cross section of the labial part of the guide plate platform (1) is semicircular, and the cross section of the palatal part is rectangular; the diameter of the labial part of the guide plate platform (1) is equal to the width of the palatal part of the guide plate platform (1); the guide column (2) is cylindrical and is located below the center of the junction of the labial part and the palatal part of the guide plate platform (1); the central axis of the guide column (2) is located on the symmetry plane of the angle guide ring; A guide plate channel (3) is provided inside the angle guide ring, the guide plate channel (3) passes through the guide plate platform (1) and the guide column (2), the guide plate channel (3) is cylindrical or oblique cylindrical, and its central axis is located on the symmetry plane of the angle guide ring; When the guide plate channel (3) is in an oblique cylindrical shape, its upper opening is close to the labial side, and its lower opening is close to the palate side.

2. The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide plate channel (3) is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel (3) and the vertical line is 10°.

3. The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide plate channel (3) is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel (3) and the vertical line is 10°.

4. The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide plate channel (3) is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel (3) and the vertical line is 15°.

5. The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide plate channel (3) is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel (3) and the vertical line is 15°.

6. The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide plate channel (3) is 2 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel (3) and the vertical line is 0°.

7. The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide plate channel (3) is 3 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the guide plate channel (3) and the vertical line is 0°.

8. The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the labial side portion of the guide plate platform (1) is 5 mm, and the palatal side portion of the guide plate platform (1) is a rectangle of 4.5 mm×5 mm; the thickness of the guide plate platform (1) is 1 mm; The guide post (2) has a diameter of 4 mm and a height of 3 mm; the distance between the outer side surface of the guide post (2) close to the lip side and the outer side surface of the guide plate platform (1) close to the lip side is 1 mm, and the distance between the outer side surface of the guide post (2) close to the palate side and the outer side surface of the guide plate platform (1) close to the palate side is 2 mm.

9. The guiding system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working end of the scale indicator drill needle is a flat-head 10-edge tungsten steel drill bit with a diameter of 2mm and a length of 5mm; a scale is set on the side of the drill bit, the graduation value of the scale is 1.0mm, and a black area is marked 3-4mm away from the tip of the drill bit; a black line mark is made every 1mm within 3mm of the tip of the drill bit.

10. The method for using the guidance system for immediate implantation in the anterior region of the oral cavity according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Perform cone beam CT scans on patients who are to undergo immediate implantation to obtain CT data of the patient's oral cavity; 2) Observe the CT data of the patient's affected tooth from the anatomical plane, determine the positional relationship between the tooth root and the alveolar bone, and select the corresponding guide ring angle; When the long axis of the upper front teeth is in line with the alveolar bone or the angle is less than 10°, use a guide ring with an angle of 0°; when the long axis of the upper front teeth forms a certain angle with the long axis of the alveolar process, a 10° or 15° guide ring can be selected according to the specific situation; when the angle between the long axis of the upper front teeth and the labial bone plate is too large, immediate implant surgery is not recommended; 3) Crown cutting of the affected tooth: Grind off the crown of the affected tooth until it is flush with the gingival edge, so that the cross section is 90° with the upper part of the root canal; 4) Preparation of the root neck of the affected tooth: ① Fixed point: The midpoint of the tooth tissue on the palatal side of the root canal is taken as the center point; ② Determination of depth: along the long axis of the affected tooth, the bottom edge of the black block of the scale indicating the drill needle is the preparation depth; ③ Expand the cavity: Use the scale drill to gradually expand the cavity along the long axis of the tooth until the hole diameter is 4 mm; ④ Repair the hole shape: retain 2mm thick tooth tissue on the labial side of the root canal to form a cylindrical hole with a palatal diameter of 4mm and a depth of 3mm; 5) Hold the guide ring and insert it into the prepared hole. If it can be inserted smoothly and remain stable, it means that the root preparation is complete. If there is any obstruction, continue to use the drill needle for preparation; 6) Preparation of implant cavity: ① Rinse thoroughly to remove debris. The disinfected angle guide rings are ready for use: at the same angle, select guide rings with diameters of 2mm and 3mm for use; ② Use a 2mm diameter guide ring for guidance, use a long-handled drill to locate and cut the middle and lower part of the root along the guide ring channel, use a pilot drill to prepare the hole, and pay attention to cooling; ③ Replace the guide ring with a diameter of 3mm for guidance, use a long-handled drill to cut the middle and lower part of the root along the guide ring channel, use a pilot drill to prepare the hole, and pay attention to cooling; 7) Minimally invasive extraction of the affected tooth, scraping of the alveolar socket, flushing with large amounts of saline, and thorough cleaning of the residual periodontal membrane and granulation tissue; 8) Use the final reamer provided with the implant system to prepare the hole, implant the implant of the corresponding diameter, screw in the cover screw, fill the bone gap around the implant with bone powder, and close the wound.

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