Modular wave dissipating structure and installation method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ocean engineering, in particular to a combined wave-absorbing structure and mounting method. The wave-absorbing structure comprises a float box structure and a float body structure, the float box structure is a plate-shaped structure formed by splicing a plurality of float box units with a buoyancy adjusting function; the float body structure is a hollow columnar structure with a surge hole arranged on a back wave side and formed by splicing a plurality of float body modules; and the float body structure is fixed on the float box structure to form a columnar wave-absorbing chamber floating on the water surface. The wave-absorbing structure has a good wave-absorbing effect, can be applied to various complex sea areas, has a combined structure, is simple to assemble, is convenient to assemble and disassemble, has a stable overall structure, has high strength, and has a buoyancy adjusting function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine engineering, and in particular to an assembled wave-breaking structure and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Long-period waves in deep and deep waters significantly impact the safety and service life of marine structures during construction and operation. However, there are no effective wave-breaking structures specifically designed to handle these conditions. Wave-breaking technologies for strong swells and long-period waves in deep and deep waters have become a critical and common technical issue urgently needed to be addressed in port engineering construction.

[0003] Existing marine structure protection structures are primarily categorized as bottom-supported wave-breaking structures, truncated wave-breaking structures, and floating wave-breaking structures. Traditional bottom-supported wave-breaking structures block wave propagation by blocking the water column. The embankment extends uniformly from the water surface to the seabed. These structures include vertical breakwaters, composite breakwaters, and riprap slope breakwaters. Truncated wave-breaking structures utilize the principle that wave energy is primarily concentrated in the surface layer. They consist of piers and a wave-breaking structure submerged to a certain depth. The upper wave-breaking structure can be box-type or baffle-type, while the lower support structure can be column-type, pier-type, or frame-type. Bottom-supported wave-breaking structures can eliminate waves of the entire wave cycle and offer excellent wave-breaking effectiveness and economical efficiency. However, if applied in deep-sea environments, bottom-supported wave-breaking structures would be extremely large, resulting in high construction costs and difficulties, making them unsuitable. Truncated wave-breaking structures, while suitable for deeper waters, are less effective against strong swells and medium- and long-period waves, and suffer from poor structural stability in deep-water environments.

[0004] Floating protective structures use floating bodies to interfere with the movement of water particles in waves, preventing the waves from propagating or breaking them. They are composed of wave-breaking floats and mooring systems. For example, the prior art entitled "A floating breakwater structure with a wave-breaking chamber and a wave-breaking plate and its construction method" introduces a floating breakwater structure, which includes a pontoon section, an anchoring system section, and a connecting section. The pontoon section is positioned on the sea surface by the anchoring system section. The pontoon sections are arranged in sequence, and the adjacent pontoon sections are connected to each other by connecting sections. Wave-breaking chambers are respectively provided on the side close to the wave-facing side and the side close to the wave-removing side of the pontoon section, and a floating chamber is provided in the middle of the pontoon section. The structure is composed of standard pontoon sections connected in series. Wave-breaking chambers are provided on both the wave-facing side and the wave-removing side of the pontoon section, which can effectively dissipate the energy of incident waves, reduce transmitted waves, and reduce the radiation waves generated by the oscillation of the pontoon section, and has an excellent wave-breaking effect. However, this structure also has some problems. The breakwater of this structure is only effective against short-period waves within 3 to 5 seconds, and has poor wave-breaking effect on strong surges and long-period waves, and cannot effectively protect marine structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a modular wave-breaking structure and an installation method.

[0006] The technical solution of this application is: a modular wave-breaking structure, comprising:

[0007] A pontoon structure, which is a plate-like structure formed by splicing multiple pontoon units with buoyancy adjustment function;

[0008] A floating structure, wherein the floating structure is a hollow cylindrical structure formed by splicing multiple floating modules together and having an inflow hole on the back side of the waves;

[0009] The floating structure is fixed on the pontoon structure to form a columnar wave-breaking chamber floating on the water surface.

[0010] According to the assembled wave-breaking structure provided by the present application, the inflow hole penetrates the floating structure from bottom to top, so that the wave-removing side of the floating structure is an open structure.

[0011] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the inner side wall of the floating structure is an arc-shaped hollow columnar structure.

[0012] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the floating structure includes a plurality of floating modules, which are spliced ​​in sequence along the vertical direction; the floating module includes a plurality of floating units, which are spliced ​​in sequence along the circumferential direction to form a columnar floating module with an opening on the back-wave side.

[0013] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the floating unit includes a steel frame and floating blocks filled in the steel frame.

[0014] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a plurality of side screw holes are provided on both circumferential sides of the steel frame, and adjacent floating units in the floating module are connected as a whole through the side screw holes.

[0015] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a plurality of vertical screw holes are provided on both axial sides of the steel frame, and two axially adjacent floating units are connected into one through the vertical screw holes.

[0016] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a first protrusion protruding along the axial direction is provided at one end of the floating block, and a first concave recessed along the axial direction is provided at the other end; the first protrusions of two axially adjacent floating units are engaged in the first concave to limit the non-vertical displacement of the two floating units.

[0017] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a support frame for enhancing the strength of the entire floating structure is provided in the inflow hole of the floating structure.

[0018] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the support frame is arranged at the opening position of the floating module, and the circumferential ends of the support frame are respectively supported at the ends of the opening position of the floating module.

[0019] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a through hole is provided at the center of the pontoon structure for connecting the inner and outer spaces of the floating structure.

[0020] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the pontoon unit is a fan-shaped plate structure, and the pontoon unit is fixedly connected to the adjacent pontoon unit through a first connection structure on its circumferential side and fixedly connected to the floating structure through a second connection structure on the axial top surface.

[0021] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the first connection structure includes a plurality of first screw holes arranged on both sides of the circumference of the pontoon unit, and adjacent pontoon units are fixedly connected as one through the first screw holes.

[0022] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the first connection structure also includes a second protrusion and a second recess arranged on the circumferential side of the pontoon unit; the second protrusion is a strip-shaped structure protruding along the circumferential direction; the second recess is a groove-shaped structure corresponding to the circumferential recess of the second protrusion, and the second protrusion is engaged in the second recess to limit the non-circumferential movement of adjacent pontoon units.

[0023] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, at least one second protrusion and at least one second recess are provided on each circumferential side of the pontoon unit, and the second protrusions and second recesses on the circumferential side of the pontoon unit are arranged alternately.

[0024] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the second connection structure includes a third protrusion or a third recess arranged on the top surface of the pontoon unit; the pontoon unit is connected to the bottom-level floating module by engaging the third protrusion in the first recess at the lower end of the bottom-level floating module, or by engaging the first protrusion at the lower end of the bottom-level floating module in the third recess.

[0025] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the second connection structure further includes a second screw hole arranged radially outside the pontoon unit; the pontoon unit is fixedly connected to the floating structure by a bolt passing through the second screw hole.

[0026] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are provided on the radial outer side of the pontoon unit; the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected to the internal space of the pontoon unit, and are respectively arranged at positions close to the circumferential sides of the pontoon unit, and the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected to the external water injection structure and the pumping structure for adjusting the gravity of the pontoon unit.

[0027] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, it also includes a plurality of support columns; the lower ends of the support columns are fixedly connected to the pontoon units, and the upper ends extend vertically, and the support columns are located between adjacent pontoon units.

[0028] According to a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, arc-shaped grooves are provided on the circumferential side portions of the floating unit to accommodate the passage of support columns.

[0029] The present application also provides a method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure, the method being used for installing any one of the modular wave-breaking structures described above, comprising:

[0030] Prefabricate the required pontoon units and float units in the factory;

[0031] Assemble the pontoon units into a pontoon structure, and assemble the floating body units in layers into a floating body structure based on the pontoon structure to form the required wave-breaking structure;

[0032] The wave-breaking structure is floated into the sea to the designed installation area;

[0033] Adjust the buoyancy of the pontoon structure and position the wave-breaking structure so that the side with the inflow hole is the side facing away from the waves;

[0034] Fix the wave-breaking structure and complete the installation.

[0035] According to a method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the method for assembling pontoon units into a pontoon structure includes: splicing and connecting a plurality of fan-shaped pontoon units in sequence along the circumferential direction, engaging the second protrusion on the circumferential side of the pontoon unit into the second concave on the circumferential side of the adjacent pontoon unit, driving bolts into the first screw holes aligned with the circumferential sides of the adjacent pontoon units to securely connect the adjacent pontoon units into one, and assembling them in sequence until the connection of all pontoon units is completed.

[0036] According to a method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the method for assembling floating units in layers into a floating structure based on a pontoon structure includes: installing support columns on the assembled pontoon structure, fixing the bottom plate of the lower end of the support column to the pontoon structure through a bolt structure, and arranging multiple support columns at equal intervals along the circumference, and installing floating units between adjacent support columns.

[0037] According to a method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the method for installing a floating unit between adjacent support columns includes: aligning the arc-shaped grooves on the circumferential side of the floating unit with the support columns on both sides, inserting the floating unit vertically between the two support columns until the floating unit contacts the pontoon unit, fixing the floating unit on the pontoon unit by a bolt structure, and connecting adjacent floating units on the same layer, and performing the above-mentioned steps in sequence until a circle of floating modules on the same layer is installed, and installing the remaining floating modules according to the above-mentioned method until a floating structure is formed.

[0038] According to the installation method of a modular wave-breaking structure provided in the present application, the method for adjusting the buoyancy of the pontoon structure includes: connecting the water inlet pipe on the radially outer side of the pontoon unit to the water injection structure, connecting the water outlet pipe on the radially outer side of the pontoon unit to the water pumping structure, injecting water into the water inlet pipe through the water injection structure, and pumping water from the water outlet pipe through the water pumping structure to change the gravity of the pontoon unit, thereby adjusting the buoyancy of the pontoon structure.

[0039] The advantages of the present application are as follows: 1. The wave-breaking structure of the present application is a columnar wave-breaking chamber structure, which can introduce waves into the interior of the wave-breaking structure through the inflow hole, and generate Helmholtz resonance inside the wave-breaking structure, thereby realizing the structure's reduction of strong surge waves and medium- and long-period waves; at the same time, the wave-breaking structure is assembled from a pontoon structure and a floating body structure, which is easy to install and has a simple assembly method. It can be disassembled and reused, and can be quickly assembled and disassembled, effectively improving the construction efficiency of the wave-breaking structure; in addition, the pontoon structure of the wave-breaking structure of the present application has a buoyancy adjustment function, which can be applied to various sea conditions and has a very wide range of applications;

[0040] 2. The floating unit of the present application includes a steel frame and a buoyant block. The steel frame significantly enhances the structural strength of the floating unit, while the buoyant block provides the floating unit with a floating property. The entire floating unit has a simple structure and good strength, and can be used for long-term wave breaking in harsh environments. The steel frame is provided with screw holes, which makes it very convenient to connect adjacent units, and is easy to install and disassemble.

[0041] The wave-breaking structure of the present application has a good wave-breaking effect and can be applied to various complex sea areas. The entire wave-breaking structure is an assembled structure with simple assembly and very convenient assembly and disassembly. The overall structure is stable and has high strength. It also has the function of buoyancy adjustment and has great promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 : Axial view of the wave-breaking structure of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the buoyancy box structure of this application;

[0044] Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the buoyancy unit structure of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the floating module structure of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the floating unit structure of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the steel frame structure of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the assembly process of the wave-breaking structure of this application;

[0049] Among them: 1—floating box unit; 11—first screw hole; 12—second protrusion; 13—second recess; 14—third protrusion; 15—third recess; 16—second screw hole; 17—water inlet pipe; 18—water outlet pipe; 2—floating unit; 21—steel frame; 211—side screw hole; 212—vertical screw hole; 22—floating block; 221—first protrusion; 222—first recess; 23—arc-shaped groove; 3—support frame; 4—support column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0053] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] The present application relates to a modular wave-breaking structure. The wave-breaking structure of the present application floats on the sea surface when in use. The wave-breaking structure is provided with an inflow hole on the back-wave side. After the waves pass through the wave-breaking structure, they flow into the wave-breaking structure from the inflow hole on the back-wave side, and Helmholtz resonance occurs inside the wave-breaking structure, thereby obtaining a good wave-breaking effect. Moreover, when the wave-breaking structures of the present application are arranged in an array pattern, the waves passing through the wave-breaking structures in the front row will be reflected by the wave-breaking structures in the back row, and the reflected waves will enter the wave-breaking structures in the front row from the inflow hole of the wave-breaking structures in the front row, and Helmholtz resonance will continue to occur, further enhancing the wave-breaking effect. The wave-breaking structure of the present application is a modular structure, which can be assembled according to actual needs. The overall assembly, installation and disassembly are very convenient. The disassembled wave-breaking structure can be reused, reducing the cost of use.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment optimizes the assembled wave-breaking structure. Specifically, Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a modular wave-breaking structure of this embodiment includes a pontoon structure and a floating body structure. The pontoon structure is a plate-like structure formed by splicing multiple pontoon units 1 with buoyancy adjustment function. The pontoon structure is the base part of the entire wave-breaking structure. The pontoon unit 1 has the function of buoyancy adjustment. By adjusting the buoyancy of the pontoon unit 1, the buoyancy of the entire wave-breaking structure can be adjusted, thereby changing the floating state of the entire wave-breaking structure to meet different wave-breaking requirements.

[0056] The floating structure is a hollow cylindrical structure with an inflow hole on the wave-receiving side, formed by splicing multiple floating modules together. The floating structure is fixed to the pontoon structure to form a cylindrical wave-canceling chamber that floats on the water surface. The floating structure is the main component of the entire wave-canceling structure and constitutes the wave-canceling chamber. Waves flow into the floating structure through the inflow hole, generating Helmholtz resonance within the hollow floating structure, achieving excellent wave-canceling effects.

[0057] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the above-mentioned floating structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the floating structure of this embodiment includes multiple floating modules, which are spliced ​​in sequence along the vertical direction. The floating module includes multiple floating units 2, which are spliced ​​in sequence along the circumferential direction to form a columnar floating module with an opening on the back wave side.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the inflow hole penetrates the floating structure from bottom to top, so that the wave-facing side of the floating structure is an open structure. The inner wall of the floating structure is a circular arc hollow columnar structure.

[0059] The floating structure is a hollow columnar structure formed by splicing multiple layers of floating modules in sequence. The single-layer floating module is a columnar structure with an open side. The open side of the floating module is the inflow hole. Multiple layers of floating modules are stacked in sequence to form the required floating structure. Therefore, from the overall structural point of view, the floating structure is a hollow columnar structure with an open side, and the top view of the floating structure is a C-shaped structure.

[0060] The inner side of the floating structure is an arc-shaped structure, such as Figure 1 and 4 As shown, the inner side of the floating structure of this embodiment is cylindrical. Designing the inner side of the floating structure as an arc-shaped structure can enhance the effect of Helmholtz resonance and improve the wave-breaking effect. In practical applications, the shape of the floating structure's internal structure is not limited, as long as it can achieve the desired wave-breaking effect. A cylindrical structure inside the floating structure is an optimized solution.

[0061] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the floating unit 2, such as Figures 4-6 As shown, the floating unit 2 of this embodiment includes a steel frame 21 and buoyant blocks 22 filled within the steel frame 21. The steel frame 21 serves as the skeletal structure of the floating unit 2, while the buoyant blocks 22 are made of polyethylene and provide buoyancy for the entire floating unit 2. The steel frame 21 effectively enhances the structural strength of the entire floating unit 2 and is designed to prevent damage when operating in harsh environments.

[0062] The connection between adjacent floating units 2 is mainly achieved through the steel frame 21, such as Figure 6 As shown, the steel frame 21 is provided with multiple side screw holes 211 on both sides of the circumference, and adjacent floating units 2 in the floating module are connected as a whole through the side screw holes 211. The steel frame 21 is provided with multiple vertical screw holes 212 on both sides of the axial direction, and two axially adjacent floating units 2 are connected as a whole through the vertical screw holes 212.

[0063] When it is necessary to connect two circumferentially adjacent floating units 2, the two floating units 2 are butted together circumferentially so that the side screw holes 211 of the circumferential sides of the floating units 2 are aligned with each other, and then bolts are driven into the aligned side screw holes 211 and tightened to securely connect the two adjacent floating units 2. When it is necessary to connect two axially adjacent floating units 2, the two floating units 2 are butted together axially so that the vertical screw holes 212 of the axial sides of the floating units 2 are aligned with each other, and then bolts are driven into the aligned vertical screw holes 212 and tightened to securely connect the two axially adjacent floating units 2. This bolt connection structure is not only convenient to connect, but also very convenient to disassemble.

[0064] In order to further facilitate the docking of axially adjacent floating units 2, as Figure 4 and 5As shown, the floating block 22 of this embodiment is provided with a first protrusion 221 protruding along the axial direction at one end thereof, and a first recess 222 recessed along the axial direction at the other end thereof. The first protrusions 221 of the two axially adjacent floating units 2 are engaged in the first recess 222 to limit the non-vertical displacement of the two floating units 2.

[0065] The first protrusion 221 can be located at the top of the floating unit 2 or at the bottom of the floating unit 2, as long as it meets the actual assembly requirements, such as Figure 4 and 5 As shown, this embodiment shows a form in which the first protrusion 221 is located at the top of the floating unit 2 , and the first recess 222 is located at the bottom of the floating unit 2 .

[0066] The first protrusion 221 is an axially raised arc-shaped strip, while the first recess 222 is an arc-shaped groove corresponding to the first protrusion 221. When the first protrusion 221 engages with the corresponding first recess 222, it limits the non-vertical relative displacement of two axially adjacent floating units 2. The first protrusion 221 and the first recess 222 both provide positioning and fixing functions, facilitating assembly and disassembly of the floating units 2.

[0067] When assembling the floating structure, two floating units 2 are butted together in the circumferential direction, so that the side screw holes 211 of the floating units 2 are aligned with each other, and then bolts are driven into the aligned side screw holes 211, and the bolts are tightened to fix the two adjacent floating units 2 into one. The floating units 2 of the floating modules of this layer are installed in sequence until the required floating modules are formed; the floating modules of the upper layer are assembled based on the floating modules that have been assembled, and the floating units 2 in the upper floating modules are connected with the adjacent floating units 2 in the next floating modules. The float unit 2 is positioned and connected as a whole by engaging the first protrusion 221 into the first recess 222, and the two float units 2 are butted together in the axial direction so that the vertical screw holes 212 on the axial sides of the float units 2 are aligned with each other. Then, bolts are driven into the aligned vertical screw holes 212 and tightened to fix the two axially adjacent float units 2 into one. The above method is carried out in sequence until the assembly and connection of the next layer of float modules is completed; this method is carried out in sequence until the assembly of all float modules is completed to form the required float structure.

[0068] Furthermore, as mentioned above, the floating structure of this application is a columnar structure, which has relatively weak structural strength at the opening side. To enhance the overall strength of the floating structure, this embodiment provides a support frame 3 within the inflow hole of the floating structure to enhance the overall strength of the floating structure. Support frame 3 is positioned at the opening of the floating structure to provide horizontal support for the floating structure, effectively enhancing the stability and strength of the entire floating structure.

[0069] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and 4 As shown, the support frame 3 is positioned at the opening of the buoyancy module, with its circumferential ends supported at the ends of the buoyancy module opening. In actual use, the structure of the support frame 3 in this embodiment is identical to the steel frame 21, except that the support frame 3 lacks the buoyancy blocks 22. Each layer of buoyancy module is equipped with a corresponding set of support frames 3, positioned at the opening of the buoyancy module. The support frames 3 and the buoyancy module form a complete annular structure, significantly enhancing the structural strength of the entire buoyancy module. The support frame 3 is a frame structure, and thus does not significantly affect the entry of waves into the buoyancy structure.

[0070] Of course, the structure of the support frame 3 is not limited to the above-mentioned form similar to the steel frame 21 structure. Other structures can also be used as long as they can strengthen the floating module without causing excessive impact on the wave inrush into the floating structure.

[0071] Similarly, the support frame 3 is provided with corresponding screw holes on both its circumferential and axial sides. The circumferential screw holes mate with the side screw holes 211 on the steel frame 21 of the adjacent floating unit 2 on the same level to securely connect the support frame 3 to the adjacent floating unit 2. The axial screw holes mate with the screw holes on the adjacent support frame 3 to securely connect the adjacent support frames 3. The support frame 3 is assembled and formed together with the floating units on the same level, resulting in a complete columnar structure.

[0072] Furthermore, this embodiment optimizes the above-mentioned buoyancy structure, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a through hole is provided at the center of the pontoon structure, connecting the interior and exterior spaces of the floating structure. This allows seawater to enter and exit the floating structure through this through hole. The upper end of the floating structure is completely open, allowing for smoother water flow within the structure and enhancing wave-breaking performance.

[0073] Furthermore, the pontoon unit 1 of this embodiment is a fan-shaped plate structure, and the pontoon unit 1 is fixedly connected to the adjacent pontoon unit 1 through the first connection structure on its circumferential side and fixedly connected to the floating structure through the second connection structure on the axial top surface.

[0074] like Figure 2 and 3As shown, the first connection structure includes a plurality of first screw holes 11 provided on both sides of the circumference of the pontoon unit 1. Adjacent pontoon units 1 are fixedly connected together through the first screw holes 11. When connecting adjacent pontoon units 1, the adjacent pontoon units 1 are butted together along the circumferential direction so that the first screw holes 11 of the adjacent pontoon units 1 are accurately aligned. Bolts are then driven into the aligned first screw holes 11 and tightened to fix the adjacent pontoon units 1 together. The adjacent pontoon units 1 are connected in sequence until a disc-shaped pontoon structure is formed.

[0075] In addition, in order to facilitate the docking of adjacent pontoon units 1, the first connection structure of this embodiment also includes a second protrusion 12 and a second recess 13 arranged on the circumferential side of the pontoon unit 1. The second protrusion 12 is a strip-shaped structure that protrudes along the circumferential direction, and the second recess 13 is a groove-shaped structure that is recessed along the circumferential direction corresponding to the second protrusion 12. The second protrusion 12 is engaged in the second recess 13 to limit the non-circumferential movement of the adjacent pontoon units 1.

[0076] When adjacent pontoon units 1 need to be assembled, the second protrusion 12 on the circumferential side of one pontoon unit 1 can be inserted circumferentially into the second recess 13 on the circumferential side of the adjacent pontoon unit 1 to position and connect the two adjacent pontoon units 1. The second protrusion 12 and the second recess 13 not only effectively limit the relative displacement of the adjacent pontoon units 1 in the non-circumferential direction, but also play a role in positioning and assembling, so that the two pontoon units 1 can be stably docked together.

[0077] This embodiment also optimizes the arrangement structure of the second protrusion 12 and the second recess 13. Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the pontoon unit 1 of this embodiment is provided with at least one second protrusion 12 and at least one second recess 13 on each circumferential side, and the second protrusions 12 and second recesses 13 on the circumferential side of the pontoon unit 1 are arranged alternately. Figure 3 As shown, each circumferential side of the pontoon unit 1 of this embodiment is provided with a second protrusion 12 and a second recess 13, with the second protrusion 12 located radially inward of the second recess 13. Similarly, a second protrusion 12 and a second recess 13 are provided on the other circumferential side of the pontoon unit 1, but the second protrusion 12 on this side is located radially outward of the second recess 13. This structure allows adjacent pontoon units 1 to be connected in a mutually interlocking manner, thereby preventing relative displacement of adjacent pontoon units 1 in the radial direction and further improving the stability of the connection structure of adjacent pontoon units 1.

[0078] The second connection structure of this embodiment is a structure for connecting the buoyancy unit 1 and the floating body unit 2, such as Figure 3As shown, the second connection structure includes a third protrusion 14 or a third recess 15 (not shown in the figure) provided on the top surface of the pontoon unit 1. The pontoon unit 1 is connected to the bottom pontoon module by engaging the third protrusion 14 in the first recess 222 at the lower end of the bottom pontoon module, or by engaging the first protrusion 221 at the lower end of the bottom pontoon module in the third recess 15. That is, if the bottom surface of the pontoon unit 2 is provided with the first recess 222, then the top surface of the pontoon unit 1 is provided with the third protrusion 14; conversely, if the bottom surface of the pontoon unit 2 is provided with the first protrusion 221, then the top surface of the pontoon unit 1 is provided with the third recess 15. This embodiment Figure 2 and 3 The structure shown in FIG. 1 is the third protrusion 14 .

[0079] Whether it is the combination structure of the third protrusion 14 and the first recess 222 or the combination structure of the first protrusion 221 and the third recess 15, both are for the convenience of assembling the float unit 2 onto the pontoon unit 1. When assembling the float unit 2 onto the pontoon unit 1, align the first recess 222 on the bottom surface of the float unit 2 with the third protrusion 14 on the pontoon unit 1, so that the third protrusion 14 is engaged in the first recess 222, and the float unit 2 and the pontoon unit 1 are well positioned and assembled; or, align the first protrusion 221 on the bottom surface of the float unit 2 with the third recess 15 on the pontoon unit 1, so that the first protrusion 221 is engaged in the third recess 15, and the float unit 2 and the pontoon unit 1 are well positioned and assembled.

[0080] After completing the above positioning assembly, it is still necessary to fully fix it, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the second connection structure of this embodiment also includes a second screw hole 16 provided radially outside the pontoon unit 1. The pontoon unit 1 is fixedly connected to the floating structure by a bolt passing through the second screw hole 16. The second screw hole 16 of this embodiment corresponds to the vertical screw hole 212 on the steel frame 21. After the positioning and assembly of the pontoon unit 2 and the pontoon unit 1 are completed, the vertical screw hole 212 on the pontoon unit 2 is aligned one by one with the second screw hole 16 on the lower pontoon unit 1. Bolts are driven into the aligned vertical screw holes 212 and second screw holes 16, and the bolts are tightened to securely connect the pontoon unit 1 and the pontoon unit 2 as one.

[0081] In addition, a water inlet pipe 17 and a water outlet pipe 18 are provided radially outwardly of the pontoon unit 1 of this embodiment. The water inlet pipe 17 and the water outlet pipe 18 are connected to the internal space of the pontoon unit 1 and are disposed on both sides of the pontoon unit 1 near its circumferential side. The water inlet pipe 17 and the water outlet pipe 18 are connected to an external water injection structure and a water pumping structure, respectively, for adjusting the gravity of the pontoon unit 1. The water inlet pipe 17 and the water outlet pipe 18 are structures for adjusting the gravity of the pontoon unit 1. The pontoon unit 1 is a hollow structure. Changing the gravity of the pontoon unit 1 through the water inlet pipe 17 and the water outlet pipe 18 is actually changing its density, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the buoyancy of the pontoon unit 1. Adjusting the buoyancy of the pontoon unit 1 can change the buoyancy of the entire wave-breaking structure and change the floating state of the wave-breaking structure on the sea surface.

[0082] In actual application, the water inlet pipe 17 on the radial outside of the pontoon unit 1 is connected to the water injection structure, and the water outlet pipe 18 on the radial outside of the pontoon unit 1 is connected to the pumping structure. Water is injected into the water inlet pipe 17 by the water injection structure, and the water outlet pipe 18 is pumped by the pumping structure to change the gravity of the pontoon unit 1, thereby adjusting the buoyancy of the pontoon structure.

[0083] In addition, in order to further improve the strength of the entire wave-breaking structure, a plurality of support columns 4 are provided on the wave-breaking structure. Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of support columns 4 arranged at intervals along the circumference are provided on the pontoon structure. The support columns 4 are tubular or rod-shaped structures arranged vertically. The lower ends of the support columns 4 are fixedly connected to the pontoon units 1. Specifically, a base plate is provided at the lower ends of the support columns 4. The base plate is a square flat plate structure and is provided with a plurality of screw holes. An axially inwardly recessed mounting groove is provided on the top surface of the pontoon unit 1 near both sides of the circumference, and corresponding screw holes are provided in the mounting groove. When two adjacent pontoon units 1 are assembled together, the two mounting grooves form a mounting structure corresponding to a base plate. A part of the base plate is in the mounting groove of one pontoon unit 1, and the other part is in the mounting groove of the other pontoon unit 1. Bolts are then driven into the aligned screw holes. The support columns 4 can be fixed at the junction of adjacent pontoon units 1 by tightening the bolts.

[0084] The support columns 4 are located between adjacent pontoon units 1 and also between circumferentially adjacent float units 2. To facilitate the arrangement of the support columns 4, this embodiment provides arcuate grooves 23 on the circumferential side of the float unit 2 to accommodate the passage of the support columns 4. The arcuate grooves 23 herein are groove structures on the circumferential side of the float unit 2. Corresponding groove structures are provided on both the steel frame 21 and the buoyant block 22. When the circumferentially adjacent float units 2 are docked together, the two arcuate grooves 23 form a vertical through-hole structure. The adjacent through-hole structures in the axial direction are sequentially connected to form a vertical hole that passes through the float structure along the axial direction. The support columns 4 are disposed within the vertical hole.

[0085] The support column 4 is the skeleton structure of the entire wave-breaking structure, which further improves the stability and strength of the entire wave-breaking structure.

[0086] In other embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment optimizes the installation method of the above-mentioned assembled wave-breaking structure. Specifically, when the assembled wave-breaking structure of the present embodiment is actually installed, the following steps can be followed:

[0087] S1. Prefabricate the required pontoon unit 1, floating body unit 2, support frame 3 and support column 4 in the factory;

[0088] S2. Assemble the wave-breaking structure;

[0089] S21, such as Figure 7 As shown, the second protrusion 12 on the circumferential side of one pontoon unit 1 is inserted into the second recess 13 on the circumferential side of the adjacent pontoon unit 1 along the circumferential direction, and the two adjacent pontoon units 1 are positioned and connected. After the first screw holes 11 of the adjacent pontoon units 1 are accurately aligned, bolts are driven into the aligned first screw holes 11, and the bolts are tightened to securely connect the adjacent pontoon units 1 as a whole. The units are connected in sequence until a disc-shaped pontoon structure is formed.

[0090] S22. Install the support columns 4 on the pontoon structure. Place the bottom plate at the lower end of the support column 4 into the mounting groove of the adjacent pontoon unit 1. Secure the bottom plate in the mounting groove using a bolt connection structure. Install the support columns 4 in sequence until all support columns 4 on the pontoon structure are secured.

[0091] S23, assemble the floating structure, align the arc-shaped grooves on the circumferential side of the floating unit 2 with the support columns 4 on both sides, and vertically insert the floating unit 2 between the two support columns 4 until the floating unit 2 contacts the pontoon unit 1; align the first recess 222 on the bottom surface of the floating unit 2 with the third protrusion 14 on the pontoon unit 1, so that the third protrusion 14 is engaged with the first recess 222, and the floating unit 2 and the pontoon unit 1 are well positioned and assembled; after the vertical screw holes 212 on the floating unit 2 are aligned one by one with the second screw holes 16 on the lower pontoon unit 1, bolts are driven into the aligned vertical screw holes 212 and the second screw holes 16, and the bolts are tightened to fix the pontoon unit 1 and the floating unit 2 into one;

[0092] Install the circumferentially adjacent floating units 2, butt the two floating units 2 together in the circumferential direction, align the side screw holes 211 of the circumferential sides of the floating units 2 with each other, then drive bolts into the aligned side screw holes 211, tighten the bolts to fix the two adjacent floating units 2 together as one, and install the floating units 2 of the floating modules of this layer in sequence until the required floating modules are formed; assemble the floating modules of the upper layer based on the floating modules that have been assembled, and align the floating units 2 in the upper floating modules with the corresponding ones in the next floating modules. The adjacent floating units 2 are positioned and connected as one by engaging the first protrusions 221 into the first recesses 222, and the two floating units 2 are butted together in the axial direction so that the vertical screw holes 212 on the axial sides of the floating units 2 are aligned with each other. Then, bolts are driven into the aligned vertical screw holes 212 and tightened to fix the two axially adjacent floating units 2 as one. The above method is repeated in sequence until the assembly and connection of the next layer of floating modules is completed; this is repeated in sequence until all floating modules are assembled to form the desired floating structure.

[0093] S24, installing the support frame 3. The support frame 3 can be installed when each layer of the floating body module is installed, or can be installed after the floating body structure is completely formed;

[0094] Dovetail the screw holes on both sides of the support frame 3 in the circumferential direction with the side screw holes 211 on the steel frame 21 in the adjacent floating unit 2 on the same layer, align the screw holes on both sides of the support frame 3 in the axial direction with the second screw holes on the adjacent support frame 3 or the bottom pontoon unit 1, drive bolts into the aligned screw holes, fix the support frame 3 to the floating units 2 on both sides, and securely connect the support frame 3 to the support frames 3 on the upper and lower sides or the pontoon unit 1 to complete the installation and arrangement of the support frame 3;

[0095] Forming the required wave-breaking structure;

[0096] S3. The wave-breaking structure is floated into the sea to the designed installation area;

[0097] S4. Adjust the buoyancy of the pontoon structure by connecting the water inlet pipe 17 on the radially outer side of the pontoon unit 1 to the water injection structure and the water outlet pipe 18 on the radially outer side of the pontoon unit 1 to the water pumping structure. The water injection structure is used to inject water into the water inlet pipe 17, and the water pumping structure is used to pump water out of the water outlet pipe 18 to change the gravity of the pontoon unit 1, thereby adjusting the buoyancy of the pontoon structure.

[0098] Position the wave-breaking structure so that the side with the inflow hole is the back-wave side;

[0099] S5. Fix the wave-breaking structure so that the wave-breaking structure starts to break waves.

[0100] like Figure 2 As shown, the circumferential direction of this application is Figure 2The circumferential direction of the disc-shaped pontoon structure in the present application is Figure 2 The direction perpendicular to the paper is also the vertical direction described in this application.

[0101] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present application. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Such changes and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection claimed in this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure, characterized in that: The assembled wave-breaking structure includes: A pontoon structure, wherein the pontoon structure is a plate-shaped structure formed by splicing a plurality of pontoon units (1) with a buoyancy regulating function; the floating body structure comprises a plurality of floating body modules, wherein the plurality of floating body modules are spliced ​​in sequence along the vertical direction; the floating body module comprises a plurality of floating body units (2), wherein the plurality of floating body units (2) are spliced ​​in sequence along the circumferential direction to form a columnar floating body module with an opening on the back-wave side; The floating structure is a hollow cylindrical structure formed by splicing multiple floating modules together, with an inflow hole provided on the wave-dorsal side. After passing through the wave-breaking structure, the waves flow into the wave-breaking structure through the inflow hole on the wave-dorsal side, causing Helmholtz resonance inside the wave-breaking structure, thereby achieving a good wave-breaking effect. The floating structure is fixed on the pontoon structure to form a columnar wave-breaking chamber floating on the water surface; The installation method is used to install the assembled wave-breaking structure, comprising: Prefabricate the required pontoon unit (1) and float unit (2) in a factory; Assembling the pontoon units (1) into a pontoon structure, and assembling the floating body units (2) in layers into a floating body structure based on the pontoon structure to form a desired wave-breaking structure; The wave-breaking structure is floated into the sea to the designed installation area; Adjust the buoyancy of the pontoon structure and position the wave-breaking structure so that the side with the inflow hole is the side facing away from the waves; Fix the wave-breaking structure and complete the installation.

2. The method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein: The floating unit (2) comprises a steel frame (21) and a floating block (22) filled in the steel frame (21).

3. The method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure according to claim 2, wherein: The floating block (22) is provided with a first protrusion (221) protruding in the axial direction at one axial end, and a first recess (222) recessed in the axial direction at the other axial end; the first protrusions (221) of two axially adjacent floating units (2) are engaged in the first recess (222) to limit the non-vertical displacement of the two floating units (2).

4. The method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein: The pontoon unit (1) is a fan-shaped plate-like structure. The pontoon unit (1) is fixedly connected to an adjacent pontoon unit (1) via a first connection structure on its circumferential side, and is fixedly connected to the floating structure via a second connection structure on its axial top surface.

5. The method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure according to claim 4, wherein: The first connection structure further comprises a second protrusion (12) and a second recess (13) provided on the circumferential side surface of the buoyancy unit (1); the second protrusion (12) is a strip-shaped structure protruding along the circumferential direction; the second recess (13) is a groove-shaped structure concave along the circumferential direction corresponding to the second protrusion (12); the second protrusion (12) is engaged in the second recess (13) to limit the non-circumferential movement of adjacent buoyancy units (1).

6. The method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure according to claim 4, wherein: The second connection structure comprises a third protrusion (14) or a third recess (15) provided on the top surface of the buoyancy unit (1); the buoyancy unit (1) is connected to the bottom buoyancy module by engaging the third protrusion (14) in the first recess (222) at the lower end of the bottom buoyancy module, or by engaging the first protrusion (221) at the lower end of the bottom buoyancy module in the third recess (15).

7. The method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure according to claim 4, wherein: A water inlet pipe (17) and a water outlet pipe (18) are provided on the radial outer side of the pontoon unit (1); the water inlet pipe (17) and the water outlet pipe (18) are in communication with the internal space of the pontoon unit (1) and are respectively arranged at positions close to both sides of the circumference of the pontoon unit (1); the water inlet pipe (17) and the water outlet pipe (18) are respectively connected to an external water injection structure and a water pumping structure for adjusting the gravity of the pontoon unit (1).

8. The method for installing a modular wave-breaking structure according to claim 1, wherein: The method for assembling the pontoon units (1) into a pontoon structure comprises: splicing and connecting a plurality of fan-shaped pontoon units (1) in sequence along the circumferential direction, engaging the second protrusions (12) on the circumferential side of the pontoon unit (1) into the second recesses (13) on the circumferential side of the adjacent pontoon unit (1), driving bolts into the first screw holes (11) aligned with the circumferential side of the adjacent pontoon units (1) to fix the adjacent pontoon units (1) into one, and assembling in sequence until all the pontoon units (1) are connected.

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