Variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method capable of meeting power grid adjustment and user comfort

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable-frequency air conditioner distributed control method capable of meeting power grid adjustment and user comfort, which comprises the following steps that a LoRa network is set to comprise a LoRa gateway node and a plurality of LoRa variable-frequency air conditioner controlled nodes, and each LoRa variable-frequency air conditioner controlled node comprises a LoRa control chip and a variable-frequency air conditioner; the LoRa gateway in the LoRa gateway node communicates with the LoRa main control chip of the nearest LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node participating in adjustment, the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node participating in adjustment communicates with the nearest controlled node, and a communication link is established, so that a ring network topology is formed; a cloud server sends adjustment power to a LoRa network, a LoRa gateway in the LoRa network serves as a first node to publish a target with power to be adjusted to a ring network topology structure, LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes in the network exchange through LoRa and calculate and update respective state values, the LoRa gateway calculates and updates the adjusted power in the network in the adjustment process, and the adjusted power in the network is sent to the LoRa gateway. In the data interaction process of the nodes, interaction information is encrypted through a fully homomorphic algorithm to ensure that user privacy is not leaked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power system design, and in particular relates to a variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that meets grid regulation and user comfort. Background Art

[0002] In view of the unstable operation of the power system caused by the uncontrollability of renewable energy generation, in order to maintain the balance and stability of the power system and provide operating reserves to handle voltage fluctuations and unexpected power generation, it is considered an effective solution for distributed energy to provide demand response on the demand side. The present invention studies variable frequency air conditioners because they will not be significantly affected by short-term changes in power consumption caused by inherent thermal inertia, and are suitable for implementing demand response and participating in auxiliary services. In order to achieve the control of variable frequency air conditioners, compared with top-down centralized control, distributed control is more suitable for air-conditioning systems with a large number of nodes. Most of the existing distributed control schemes for variable frequency air conditioners use temperature as the control value, but do not pay attention to user comfort and user data privacy issues.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the defects of the prior art, it is necessary to propose a technical solution to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a distributed control method for variable-frequency air conditioners that meets the requirements of grid regulation and user comfort. Large-scale decentralized variable-frequency air conditioners are used to provide operating reserves, and the temperature in the room is detected by a temperature sensor to perform temperature control to meet the responsive control needs of users. A distributed consistency algorithm based on a nonlinear protocol is proposed, which takes user comfort as the control target and improves the regulation speed while completing the target power capacity regulation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A distributed control method for variable frequency air conditioners that meets grid regulation and user comfort, wherein a cloud server and multiple LoRa networks are provided, wherein each LoRa network includes a LoRa gateway node and a plurality of LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes, wherein each LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node includes a LoRa main control chip and a variable frequency air conditioner, wherein the LoRa gateway node communicates with the LoRa main control chip of the closest LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node participating in regulation, and the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node participating in regulation communicates with the closest controlled node to establish a communication link, thereby forming a ring network topology; and at least the following steps are included:

[0007] S10, the cloud server sends the adjusted power to the LoRa network;

[0008] S20, the LoRa gateway node obtains the regulated power sent by the cloud server, and publishes the power target to be regulated to the ring network topology as the first node of the LoRa network;

[0009] S30, the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes in the network exchange and calculate and update their respective status values ​​through LoRa. The LoRa gateway node calculates and updates the adjusted power in the network during the adjustment process until the following conditions are met to end this comfort consistency adjustment: each LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node in the LoRa network reaches the target adjustment power and the user comfort tends to be consistent.

[0010] As a further improvement plan, during the data interaction process between nodes in the LoRa network, the interactive information is encrypted using a homomorphic encryption algorithm to ensure that user privacy is not leaked.

[0011] As a further improvement plan, a load model is established for each variable frequency air conditioner in the LoRa network to obtain the working status of the variable frequency air conditioner:

[0012]

[0013] In the formula, f AC is the work of the compressor, T in is the indoor temperature, T set It is the air conditioner set temperature.

[0014] As a further improvement, when T in -T set When the temperature drops by 1°C, the operating frequency increases by 50Hz.

[0015] As a further improvement, the operating power and cooling power of the variable frequency air conditioner are adjusted by resetting the operating frequency of the compressor, which can be expressed as:

[0016] P operation =SW AC ·(m1f AC +m2)

[0017]

[0018] Where SW AC Indicates the switch status of the variable frequency air conditioner; P operation is the cooling power of the variable frequency air conditioner, P cool is the operating power of IAC; n1, n2, n3 are the coefficients of the cooling power equation; m1 and m2 are the coefficients of the operating power equation; when the air conditioner is working in the cooling state, most of the air is converted into P cool .

[0019] As a further improvement, the user's indoor temperature is described by an equivalent thermal parameter model:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, C a is the heat capacity of the air, R is the equivalent thermal resistance of the air-conditioned room, P other is the equivalent heat rate of other factors, t is the time point, and Δt represents the time difference between two time nodes.

[0022] As a further improvement, the distributed consistency control process of the variable frequency air conditioner needs to ensure the user's comfort. Therefore, the set temperature needs to be controlled within the user's expectations. In the range, and T set Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the set temperature, T set Indicates the user's set temperature;

[0023] The LoRa gateway of the LoRa gateway node communicates with the LoRa main control chip of the closest LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node involved in the regulation, and the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node involved in the regulation communicates with the closest controlled node to establish a communication link, thereby forming a ring network topology; the Laplace matrix of the ring network topology structure is expressed as:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, a ij Indicates the connection relationship between the i-th node and the j-th node, 1 if there is a connection and 0 if there is no connection.

[0026] As a further improvement, the variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes of the corresponding layer exchange and calculate and update their respective state values ​​x = [x1, x2, x3, ..., x n ] T , where x i (t) expresses the state value of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node i at time t:

[0027] Insufficient power

[0028] Excess power

[0029] x i The larger (t) is, the greater the adjustment potential of the variable frequency air conditioner is, and it can provide more adjustment power. Therefore, [x1, x2, x3, …, x n ] T To indicate the status of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node;

[0030] In order to prevent the state value x from i (t) exceeds the comfort range that the inverter air conditioner can maintain by changing the set temperature. According to the comfort threshold and the set temperature of the inverter air conditioner, x i (t)Limited to upper limit and the lower limit x, the state of the variable frequency air conditioner at time t after applying the saturation function is expressed as:

[0031]

[0032] The state value x of node i at time t i (t), the state value x of the adjacent node j j (t), control parameter α and Laplace matrix L are calculated to obtain the state update value of air-conditioning node i at the next moment:

[0033]

[0034] The state update value of the LoRa gateway node is expressed as:

[0035]

[0036] Where α is the control coefficient of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node, β is the control coefficient of the LoRa gateway node, P tar is the target adjustment power of LoRa network, P or is the total regulated power of the LoRa network at time t; using the distributed consistency algorithm iteration, in the networking topology, each connected node propagates the target regulated power in turn according to the network connection structure until the target regulated power after a round of allocation is propagated to the gateway node 1 again, which is regarded as one iteration; after applying the consistency algorithm, each node exchanges information with adjacent nodes for multiple times, and finally all nodes complete the target power regulation allocation while converging the state value of the variable frequency air conditioner to the same value within the threshold range.

[0037] As a further improvement plan, when the power system has excess or insufficient electricity, the cloud server sends the adjusted power to the LoRa network. The LoRa gateway node, as the first node, publishes the power target to be adjusted in the ring network topology structure. The variable frequency air conditioner sends the set temperature to the LoRa main control chip of the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node. The LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes in the corresponding layer exchange and calculate and update their respective status values ​​through LoRa. During the adjustment process, the LoRa gateway collects and calculates the power adjusted capacity of the LoRa network. When each LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node in the LoRa network reaches the target adjustment power and the user comfort tends to be consistent, the comfort consistency adjustment ends.

[0038] As a further improvement, the homomorphic encryption algorithm mentioned above performs i (t) Encryption, the specific operations are as follows:

[0039] 1) Key generation: random selection As a key, this key is both an encryption key and a decryption key; is the vector of key and ciphertext, q is the modulus, and n is the dimension;

[0040] 2) Encryption algorithm: Node i uses key s to encode its state information x i (t) Encrypted to get the ciphertext E(x i (t)); Specific operation: To encrypt the plaintext x i (t), a vector is randomly selected uniformly Set b = [q / 2x i (t)-<s,as> +e] q , e is the error term, E(x i (t))=(as,b); The encryption process uses the bootstrap method to reduce the noise generated by the ciphertext, so that multiple operations on the ciphertext can be achieved;

[0041] 3) Data interaction: The key s and the ciphertext E(x i (t)) = (as, b) sent to node j;

[0042] 4) Decryption algorithm: After node i receives the information sent by node j, it uses the previously generated key s to decrypt and obtain the plaintext result:

[0043]

[0044] m=[2(b-as·s)]

[0045] Where m is the condition for key conversion.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. Under the premise of ensuring user comfort and privacy protection, by managing the power regulation of large-scale variable frequency air-conditioning systems, it provides operating reserve capacity for the power system, participates in the auxiliary services of the power system, and ensures the quality of power.

[0048] 2. Compared with centralized control, distributed control takes longer, but it is more flexible, stable and easy to expand, and is more suitable for multi-agent scenarios with low real-time requirements; improve the consistency algorithm, change the network topology according to the node adjustment state, select appropriate nodes to participate in the adjustment to ensure the maximum comfort and adjustment ability, and reasonably allocate the target adjustment power. The feasibility and performance of the distributed consistency algorithm are verified through numerical research. Compared with the centralized control method, this method has better data privacy protection and smaller communication and computing burden.

[0049] 3. By adopting the homomorphic encryption algorithm, the system can obtain the overall power control data without obtaining the power data of individual users, effectively protecting the privacy of users. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 The principle block diagram of a variable frequency air conditioner distributed control system that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort and implements the method of the present invention in an example of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 A flow chart of the steps of a variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to an example of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is the user comfort change curve from 0 to 10 minutes;

[0053] Figure 4 It is the adjusted power change curve from 0 to 10 minutes;

[0054] Figure 5 Adjust the power of each node for the 0-10th minute;

[0055] Figure 6 This is the user comfort change curve from 10 to 20 minutes;

[0056] Figure 7 This is the adjusted power change curve from the 10th to the 20th minute;

[0057] Figure 8 Adjust the power of each node for the 10th to 20th minute; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The basic premise of using the controllable load of the indoor variable frequency air conditioner in a building as an operating reserve is that it does not affect the user's comfort, so the user's comfort should be dominant in the regulation process. User comfort is often measured by the demand for temperature. In order to ensure that the regulation process does not have a significant impact on user comfort, it is necessary to ensure that the corresponding comfort demand is met while changing the variable frequency air conditioner power.

[0060] In view of the technical defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that meets the requirements of grid regulation and user comfort. Figure 1 , shown is a system principle block diagram for implementing the method of the present invention, a variable frequency air conditioner distributed control system that meets power grid regulation and user comfort, the system is provided with a cloud server and multiple LoRa networks, each of the LoRa networks includes a LoRa gateway node and a plurality of LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes, each of the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes includes a LoRa main control chip and a variable frequency air conditioner, wherein the LoRa gateway node communicates with the LoRa main control chip of the closest LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node participating in the regulation, and the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node participating in the regulation communicates with the closest controlled node to establish a communication link, thereby forming a ring network topology.

[0061] See also Figure 2 , which is a flowchart of a distributed control method for variable frequency air conditioners that meets grid regulation and user comfort of the present invention, the system includes several LoRa networks, each of which includes a LoRa gateway node and several LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes. At least the following steps are included:

[0062] S10, the cloud server sends the adjusted power to the LoRa network;

[0063] S20, the LoRa gateway node obtains the regulated power sent by the cloud server, and publishes the power target to be regulated to the ring network topology as the first node of the LoRa network;

[0064] S30, the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes in the network exchange and calculate and update their respective status values ​​through LoRa. The LoRa gateway node calculates and updates the adjusted power in the network during the adjustment process. When each LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node in the LoRa network reaches the target adjustment power and the user comfort tends to be consistent, the comfort consistency adjustment ends.

[0065] In the above technical solution, during the data interaction process of each node in the LoRa network, the interactive information is encrypted through a homomorphic encryption algorithm to ensure that user privacy is not leaked.

[0066] In the above technical solution, a load model is established for each variable frequency air conditioner in the LoRa network to obtain the working status of the variable frequency air conditioner:

[0067]

[0068] In the formula, f AC is the work of the compressor, T in is the indoor temperature, T set It is the air conditioner set temperature.

[0069] As a further improvement, when T in -T set When the temperature drops by 1°C, the operating frequency increases by 50Hz.

[0070] As a further improvement, the operating power and cooling power of the variable frequency air conditioner are adjusted by resetting the operating frequency of the compressor, which can be expressed as:

[0071] P operation =SW AC ·(m1f AC +m2)

[0072]

[0073] Where SW AC Indicates the switch status of the variable frequency air conditioner; P operation is the cooling power of the variable frequency air conditioner, P cool is the operating power of IAC; n1, n2, n3 are the coefficients of the cooling power equation; m1 and m2 are the coefficients of the operating power equation; when the air conditioner is working in the cooling state, most of the air is converted into P cool .

[0074] As a further improvement, the user's indoor temperature is described by an equivalent thermal parameter model:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula, C a is the heat capacity of the air, R is the equivalent thermal resistance of the air-conditioned room, P other is the equivalent heat rate of other factors, t is the time point, and Δt represents the time difference between two time nodes.

[0077] As a further improvement, the distributed consistency control process of the variable frequency air conditioner needs to ensure the user's comfort. Therefore, the set temperature needs to be controlled within the user's expectations. In the range, and T set Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the set temperature, T setIndicates the user's set temperature;

[0078] The LoRa gateway of the LoRa gateway node communicates with the LoRa main control chip of the closest LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node involved in the regulation, and the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node involved in the regulation communicates with the closest controlled node to establish a communication link, thereby forming a ring network topology; the Laplace matrix of the ring network topology structure is expressed as:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, a ij Indicates the connection relationship between the i-th node and the j-th node, 1 if there is a connection and 0 if there is no connection.

[0081] In the above technical solution, the variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes of the corresponding layer exchange and calculate and update their respective state values ​​x=[x1,x2,x3,…,x n ] T , where x i (t) expresses the state value of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node i at time t:

[0082] Insufficient power

[0083] Excess power

[0084] x i The larger (t) is, the greater the adjustment potential of the variable frequency air conditioner is, and it can provide more adjustment power. Therefore, [x1, x2, x3, …, x n ] T To indicate the status of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node;

[0085] In order to prevent the state value x from i (t) exceeds the comfort range that the inverter air conditioner can maintain by changing the set temperature. According to the comfort threshold and the set temperature of the inverter air conditioner, x i (t)Limited to upper limit and the lower limit x, the state of the variable frequency air conditioner at time t after applying the saturation function is expressed as:

[0086]

[0087] The state value x of node i at time t i (t), the state value x of the adjacent node j j (t), control parameter α and Laplace matrix L are calculated to obtain the state update value of air-conditioning node i at the next moment:

[0088]

[0089] The state update value of the LoRa gateway node is expressed as:

[0090]

[0091] Where α is the control coefficient of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node, β is the control coefficient of the LoRa gateway node, P tar is the target adjustment power of LoRa network, P or is the total regulated power of the LoRa network at time t; using the distributed consistency algorithm iteration, in the networking topology, each connected node propagates the target regulated power in turn according to the network connection structure until the target regulated power after a round of allocation is propagated to the gateway node 1 again, which is regarded as one iteration; after applying the consistency algorithm, each node exchanges information with adjacent nodes for multiple times, and finally all nodes complete the target power regulation allocation while converging the state value of the variable frequency air conditioner to the same value within the threshold range.

[0092] In the above technical solution, the homomorphic encryption algorithm is used to encrypt the node interaction data x i (t) Encryption, the specific operations are as follows:

[0093] 1) Key generation: random selection As a key, this key is both an encryption key and a decryption key; is the vector of key and ciphertext, q is the modulus, and n is the dimension;

[0094] 2) Encryption algorithm: Node i uses key s to encode its state information x i (t) Encrypted to get the ciphertext E(x i (t)); Specific operation: To encrypt the plaintext x i (t), a vector is randomly selected uniformly Set b = [q / 2x i (t)-<s,as> +e] q , e is the error term, E(x i (t))=(as,b); The encryption process uses the bootstrap method to reduce the noise generated by the ciphertext, so that multiple operations on the ciphertext can be achieved;

[0095] 3) Data interaction: The key s and the ciphertext E(x i (t)) = (as, b) sent to node j;

[0096] 4) Decryption algorithm: After node i receives the information sent by node j, it uses the previously generated key s to decrypt and obtain the plaintext result:

[0097]

[0098] m=[2(b-as·s)]

[0099] Where m is the condition for key conversion.

[0100] In the smart air-conditioning system, when the power system has excess or insufficient electricity, power regulation can be performed through LoRa networking, and distributed control can be used to give full play to the potential of each air conditioner and achieve efficient collaborative work, so that each variable frequency air conditioner controlled node has independent decision-making and control capabilities. The smart air conditioning system includes Alibaba Cloud and several LoRa networked variable frequency air conditioning control systems. The LoRa network is set to include a LoRa gateway node and several LoRa variable frequency air conditioning controlled nodes, each of which includes a LoRa control chip and a variable frequency air conditioner; the LoRa gateway in the LoRa gateway node communicates with the LoRa main control chip of the closest LoRa variable frequency air conditioning controlled node participating in the regulation, and the LoRa variable frequency air conditioning controlled node participating in the regulation communicates with the closest controlled node to establish a communication link, thereby forming a ring network topology; the cloud server sends the regulated power to the LoRa network, and the LoRa gateway in the LoRa network publishes the power target to be adjusted to the ring network topology as the first node, and the LoRa variable frequency air conditioning controlled nodes in the network exchange and calculate and update their respective state values ​​through LoRa. The LoRa gateway calculates and updates the adjusted power in the network during the regulation process, and during the data interaction of the nodes, the interaction information will be encrypted through a fully homomorphic algorithm to ensure that user privacy is not leaked.

[0101] In order to verify the technical effect of the method of the present invention, the following tests were conducted:

[0102] When the power system has excess power in the 0-10th minute, the cloud server sends a target adjustment power of 10kW to the LoRa network. The initial comfort level of the inverter air conditioner in the network is in the range of [0.3, 0.6]. During the adjustment process, the comfort level of the inverter air conditioner changes as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the dotted line represents the LoRa gateway node, and the other curves are the variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes, with an upper limit of 1. In the initial state, due to the large difference in comfort between the LoRa gateway node and the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node, the comfort of the LoRa gateway node rises rapidly until the difference gradually decreases and the curve becomes stable. When the adjustment times reach 3718, the adjustment power reaches 10kW, which coincides with the target power curve. Its power curve is shown in Figure 4 As shown in . At this time, since the comfort of each node has not converged, the adjustment is still going on. When the number of adjustments reaches 7509, the standard deviation of comfort reaches 0.01, and the comfort tends to be consistent. The maximum comfort is 0.826 and the minimum comfort is 0.817. The comfort is within a reasonable range, and the adjustment ends. At this time, the power adjustment of each node is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0103] When the power of the power system is insufficient in the 10th to 20th minute, the server sends a target adjustment power of -5kW to the LoRa network. The initial comfort range of the variable frequency air conditioner in the system is [0.81, 0.83]. During the adjustment process, the comfort level of the variable frequency air conditioner changes as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the dotted line represents the LoRa gateway node, and the other curves are the initial state of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node. Due to the large difference in comfort between the LoRa gateway node and the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node, the comfort of the LoRa gateway node rises rapidly until the difference gradually decreases and the curve becomes stable. When the adjustment times reach 1449, the adjustment power reaches -5kW, which coincides with the target power curve. Its power curve is shown in Figure 7 At this time, since the comfort of each node has not converged, the adjustment is still going on. When the number of adjustments reaches 7915, the standard deviation of comfort reaches 0.01, and the comfort tends to be consistent. The maximum comfort is 0.673 and the minimum comfort is 0.665. The comfort is within a reasonable range, and the adjustment ends. At this time, the power adjustment of each node is as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0104] It should be understood that the exemplary embodiments described herein are illustrative rather than restrictive. Although one or more embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A distributed control method for variable frequency air conditioner that meets grid regulation and user comfort, characterized in that: A cloud server and multiple LoRa networks are set, each of which includes a LoRa gateway node and a plurality of LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes, each of which includes a LoRa main control chip and a variable frequency air conditioner, wherein the LoRa gateway node communicates with the LoRa main control chip of the closest LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node participating in the regulation, and the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node participating in the regulation communicates with the closest controlled node to establish a communication link, thereby forming a ring network topology; at least the following steps are included: S10, the cloud server sends the adjusted power to the LoRa network; S20, the LoRa gateway node obtains the regulated power sent by the cloud server, and publishes the power target to be regulated to the ring network topology as the first node of the LoRa network; S30, the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes in the network exchange and calculate and update their respective status values ​​through LoRa. The LoRa gateway node calculates and updates the adjusted power in the network during the adjustment process until the following conditions are met to end this comfort consistency adjustment: each LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node in the LoRa network reaches the target adjustment power and the user comfort tends to be consistent.

2. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 2 is characterized in that: During the data interaction between nodes in the LoRa network, the interactive information is encrypted using a homomorphic encryption algorithm to ensure that user privacy is not leaked.

3. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 1, characterized in that: A load model is established for each variable frequency air conditioner in the LoRa network to obtain the working status of the variable frequency air conditioner: In the formula, f AC is the work of the compressor, T in is the indoor temperature, T set It is the air conditioner set temperature.

4. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When T in -T set When the temperature drops by 1°C, the operating frequency increases by 50Hz.

5. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The operating power and cooling power of the variable frequency air conditioner are adjusted by resetting the operating frequency of the compressor, which can be expressed as: P operation =SW AC ·(m1f AC +m2) Where SW AC Indicates the switch status of the variable frequency air conditioner; P operation is the cooling power of the variable frequency air conditioner, P cool is the operating power of IAC; n1, n2, n3 are the coefficients of the cooling power equation; m1 and m2 are the coefficients of the operating power equation; when the air conditioner is working in the cooling state, most of the air is converted into P cool .

6. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 5, characterized in that: The user's indoor temperature is described by the equivalent thermal parameter model: In the formula, C a is the heat capacity of the air, R is the equivalent thermal resistance of the air-conditioned room, P other is the equivalent heat rate of other factors, t is the time point, and Δt represents the time difference between two time nodes.

7. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distributed consistency control process of variable frequency air conditioners needs to ensure the user's comfort, so the set temperature needs to be controlled within the user's expectations. In the range, and T set Respectively represent the upper and lower limits of the set temperature, T set Indicates the user's set temperature; The LoRa gateway of the LoRa gateway node communicates with the LoRa main control chip of the closest LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node involved in the regulation, and the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node involved in the regulation communicates with the closest controlled node to establish a communication link, thereby forming a ring network topology; the Laplace matrix of the ring network topology structure is expressed as: In the formula, a ij Indicates the connection relationship between the i-th node and the j-th node, 1 if there is a connection and 0 if there is no connection.

8. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 7, characterized in that: The variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes of the corresponding layer exchange and calculate and update their respective state values ​​x=[x1,x2,x3,…,x n ] T , where x i (t) expresses the state value of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node i at time t: Insufficient power Excess power x i The larger (t) is, the greater the adjustment potential of the variable frequency air conditioner is, and it can provide more adjustment power. Therefore, [x1, x2, x3, …, x n ] T To indicate the status of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node; In order to prevent the state value x from i (t) exceeds the comfort range that the inverter air conditioner can maintain by changing the set temperature. According to the comfort threshold and the set temperature of the inverter air conditioner, x i (t)Limited to upper limit and the lower limit x, the state of the variable frequency air conditioner at time t after applying the saturation function is expressed as: The state value x of node i at time t i (t), the state value x of the adjacent node j j (t), control parameter α and Laplace matrix L are calculated to obtain the state update value of air-conditioning node i at the next moment: The state update value of the LoRa gateway node is expressed as: Where α is the control coefficient of the variable frequency air conditioner controlled node, β is the control coefficient of the LoRa gateway node, P tar is the target adjustment power of LoRa network, P or is the total regulated power of the LoRa network at time t; using the distributed consistency algorithm iteration, in the networking topology, each connected node propagates the target regulated power in turn according to the network connection structure until the target regulated power after a round of allocation is propagated to the gateway node 1 again, which is regarded as one iteration; after applying the consistency algorithm, each node exchanges information with adjacent nodes for multiple times, and finally all nodes complete the target power regulation allocation while converging the state value of the variable frequency air conditioner to the same value within the threshold range.

9. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the power system has excess or insufficient electricity, the cloud server sends the adjusted power to the LoRa network. The LoRa gateway node, as the first node, publishes the power target to be adjusted in the ring network topology. The variable frequency air conditioner sends the set temperature to the LoRa main control chip of the LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node. The LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled nodes of the corresponding layer exchange and calculate and update their respective status values ​​through LoRa. During the adjustment process, the LoRa gateway collects and calculates the power adjusted capacity of the LoRa network. When each LoRa variable frequency air conditioner controlled node in the LoRa network reaches the target adjustment power and the user comfort tends to be consistent, the comfort consistency adjustment ends.

10. The variable frequency air conditioner distributed control method that satisfies grid regulation and user comfort according to claim 9, characterized in that: The homomorphic encryption algorithm described above performs encryption on the node interaction data x i (t) Encryption, the specific operations are as follows: 1) Key generation: random selection As a key, this key is both an encryption key and a decryption key; is the vector of key and ciphertext, q is the modulus, and n is the dimension; 2) Encryption algorithm: Node i uses key s to encode its state information x i (t) Encrypted to get the ciphertext E(x i (t)); Specific operation: To encrypt the plaintext x i (t), a vector is randomly selected uniformly Set b = [q / 2x i (t)-<s,as> +e] q , e is the error term, E(x i (t))=(as,b); The encryption process uses the bootstrap method to reduce the noise generated by the ciphertext, so that multiple operations on the ciphertext can be achieved; 3) Data interaction: The key s and the ciphertext E(x i (t)) = (as, b) sent to node j; 4) Decryption algorithm: After node i receives the information sent by node j, it uses the previously generated key s to decrypt and obtain the plaintext result: m=[2(b-as·s)] Where m is the condition for key conversion.

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