A multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system for high-speed wind tunnel testing

Abstract

The application provides a multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system for high-speed wind tunnel test, comprising a pitching mechanism, a support device, a sideslip mechanism and a roll mechanism; the roll mechanism is connected with a mounting disc, the sideslip mechanism is connected with the roll mechanism, one end of the support device is connected with the sideslip mechanism, the other end of the support device passes through a through slot processed in the middle of a wind tunnel test model and is connected with the pitching mechanism; one end of a wind tunnel measurement balance is fixedly connected with the inside of the wind tunnel test model, and the other end of the wind tunnel measurement balance is connected with the pitching mechanism; wherein the roll mechanism is used for allowing the roll movement of the wind tunnel test model, the sideslip mechanism is used for allowing the sideslip movement of the wind tunnel test model, and the pitching mechanism is used for allowing the pitching movement of the wind tunnel test model. The application can meet the multi-degree-of-freedom simulation flight test of the high-speed wind tunnel, control the single-degree-of-freedom or multi-degree-of-freedom controlled flight according to the test requirement, and feed back the model movement state and aerodynamic characteristic parameters in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wind tunnel testing technology and relates to a multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system for high-speed wind tunnel testing. Background Technology

[0002] To verify the flight controllability of an aircraft under aerodynamic / kinematic / control coupling conditions, simulated flight tests in a wind tunnel are necessary. Traditional wind tunnel tests involve flowing test gas and a fixed test model, resulting in relative motion between the test gas and the model to obtain the aerodynamic characteristics of the model under the current airflow. However, simulated flight tests cannot completely fix the test model; measures must be taken to control the model's attitude. At relatively low speeds, wind tunnel test models are large, with multiple fixing methods and minimal support interference. As test speeds increase, the model size decreases due to wind tunnel aperture limitations, and support interference increases. Model design becomes a critical issue in high-speed wind tunnel simulated flight tests. The test model has three rotational degrees of freedom and three translational degrees of freedom. Since the test model must be tested within a fixed area of ​​the wind tunnel test section, translational motion is difficult to achieve. To meet the requirements of simulated flight tests, the rotational degrees of freedom of the test model must be maximized. Due to the limited internal space of small-scale models, there are currently no mature motion mechanisms available for high-speed wind tunnel simulated flight tests. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve one of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system for high-speed wind tunnel testing, which can meet the requirements of high-speed wind tunnel multi-degree-of-freedom simulated flight testing, control single-degree-of-freedom or multi-degree-of-freedom controlled flight according to test needs, and provide real-time feedback on the model's motion state and aerodynamic characteristic parameters.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system for high-speed wind tunnel testing includes: a pitch motion mechanism, a support device, a sideslip motion mechanism, a roll motion mechanism, and a mounting plate;

[0007] Peripheral equipment includes: a wind tunnel test model and a wind tunnel measuring balance; the wind tunnel test model has a through slot machined in the middle;

[0008] The mounting plate is fixed in the wind tunnel test section; the roll motion mechanism is connected to the mounting plate through connecting component A, the lateral sliding motion mechanism is connected to the roll motion mechanism through connecting component B, one end of the support device is connected to the lateral sliding motion mechanism, and the other end of the support device is connected to the pitch motion mechanism; the support device passes through the through slot of the wind tunnel test model; one end of the wind tunnel measuring balance is fixedly connected to the inside of the wind tunnel test model, and the other end is connected to the pitch motion mechanism; wherein, the roll motion mechanism is used to allow the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the horizontal axis under the action of the wind tunnel test airflow, thereby completing the roll motion of the wind tunnel test model, the lateral sliding motion mechanism is used to allow the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the vertical axis under the action of the wind tunnel test airflow, thereby completing the lateral sliding motion of the wind tunnel test model, let the horizontal axis be the X-axis, the vertical axis be the Y-axis, then the axis perpendicular to the XY plane is the Z-axis, the pitch motion mechanism is used to allow the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the Z-axis under the action of the wind tunnel test airflow, thereby completing the pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model.

[0009] Furthermore, the pitch motion mechanism includes: a pitch connecting shaft, a pitch sleeve, a pitch angle encoder, and a braking assembly;

[0010] The axis of the pitch connecting shaft is set along the Z-axis; the pitch sleeve is installed outside the pitch connecting shaft through the pitch bearing, and the pitch connecting shaft and the pitch sleeve rotate relative to each other through the pitch bearing; wherein, the upper part of the pitch sleeve is fixedly connected to the support device, and the outer circumferential surface of the pitch connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the wind tunnel measuring balance. When the pitch sleeve remains fixed with the support device, under the action of the wind tunnel flow field, the fixed integral structure composed of the wind tunnel test model, the wind tunnel measuring balance and the pitch connecting shaft can rotate around the axis of the pitch connecting shaft, that is, around the Z-axis, to complete the pitch movement of the wind tunnel test model;

[0011] The pitch angle encoder is installed between the pitch connecting shaft and the pitch sleeve to measure the relative rotation angle between the pitch connecting shaft and the pitch sleeve, thereby obtaining the rotation angle of the pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model.

[0012] The braking assembly is used to brake the rotation of the pitch connection shaft, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model.

[0013] Furthermore, a gap is left between the support device and the inner surface of the through slot of the wind tunnel test model, so that the wind tunnel test model will not interfere with the support device when it is controlled to perform pitching motion.

[0014] Furthermore, the braking assembly includes: a compressed air source, a brake cylinder, a return spring, and a brake lever;

[0015] The outer circumferential surface of the pitch connecting shaft is machined with a U-shaped brake groove. The longitudinal direction of the U-shaped brake groove is arranged along the circumferential direction of the pitch connecting shaft, and the transverse direction of the U-shaped brake groove is arranged along the axial direction of the pitch connecting shaft. The cross-section of the U-shaped brake groove is trapezoidal. The two longitudinal sides of the U-shaped brake groove are braking surfaces, and the two transverse sides of the brake groove are protective surfaces.

[0016] The brake cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the support device. The rear end of the brake rod is fixedly connected to the brake cylinder by a return spring. The brake rod can slide along the brake cylinder. The front end of the brake rod is a trapezoidal friction head.

[0017] Initially, the return spring is at its original length, and the brake lever retracts into the brake cylinder. When the pitch mechanism requires braking, the compressed air source fills the brake cylinder with compressed gas. The compressed gas in the brake cylinder pushes the brake lever to overcome the tension of the return spring and extend it. The front end of the brake lever contacts the brake groove, and the trapezoidal friction head of the brake lever and the braking surface of the brake groove cooperate to form a sliding friction pair. The friction between the two forms a rotational brake on the pitch connecting shaft, meaning the pitch connecting shaft cannot rotate, thus closing the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model. When the pitch mechanism does not require braking, the compressed gas in the brake cylinder is discharged, and the brake lever returns to its initial position under the pull of the return spring. The brake lever disengages from the brake groove, the brake is released, and the pitch rotation channel of the high-speed wind tunnel test model opens. The overall structure consisting of the wind tunnel test model, the wind tunnel measuring balance, and the pitch connecting shaft can rotate around the axis of the pitch connecting shaft, completing the pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model.

[0018] Furthermore, the lateral sliding mechanism includes: a lateral sliding sleeve, a lateral sliding angle encoder, a lateral sliding electric clutch, and a lateral sliding connecting shaft;

[0019] The axis of the side-sliding connecting shaft is set along the Y-axis, and the side-sliding connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the support device; the top of the side-sliding sleeve is connected to the rolling motion mechanism, and the side-sliding sleeve is the connecting component B; and the bottom of the side-sliding sleeve is installed outside the side-sliding connecting shaft through a side-sliding bearing, and the side-sliding sleeve and the side-sliding connecting shaft rotate relative to each other through the side-sliding bearing; the side-sliding electric clutch is installed outside the side-sliding connecting shaft, one end of the side-sliding electric clutch is fixedly connected to the side-sliding connecting shaft, and the other end of the side-sliding electric clutch is fixedly connected to the side-sliding sleeve; the side-sliding electric clutch is used to control the opening and closing of the side-sliding channel of the wind tunnel test model;

[0020] The sideslip angle encoder is installed between the sideslip sleeve and the sideslip connecting shaft to measure the relative rotation angle between the sideslip sleeve and the sideslip connecting shaft, thereby obtaining the rotation angle of the sideslip motion of the wind tunnel test model.

[0021] Furthermore, when the side-slip electric clutch is closed, both ends of the side-slip electric clutch are in a disengaged state, and the side-slip sleeve and the side-slip connecting shaft can rotate relative to each other. When the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model is closed, the side-slip connecting shaft, support device, pitch connecting shaft, wind tunnel measuring balance, and wind tunnel test model form a fixed integral structure. The side-slip connecting shaft rotates around the Y-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the Y-axis, completing the side-slip motion of the wind tunnel test model. When the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model is open, the side-slip connecting shaft, support device, pitch motion mechanism, wind tunnel measuring balance, and wind tunnel test model form an integral structure that allows the wind tunnel test model to perform pitch motion. The side-slip connecting shaft rotates around the Y-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the Y-axis, completing the side-slip + pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model. Therefore, when the side-slip electric clutch is closed, the side-slip channel of the wind tunnel test model is open.

[0022] When the side-slip electric clutch is disengaged, both ends of the side-slip electric clutch are connected, and the side-slip sleeve and the side-slip connecting shaft are locked into a single structure, preventing relative rotation between the two and closing the side-slip passage of the wind tunnel test model.

[0023] Furthermore, the rolling motion mechanism includes: a rolling electric clutch, a rolling bearing, a rolling angle encoder, a rolling sleeve, and a rolling connecting shaft;

[0024] The rolling connecting shaft is an L-shaped rod, with its vertical portion arranged along the vertical axis and fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and its horizontal portion arranged along the X-axis; the rolling connecting shaft is the connecting component A; the outer circumferential surface of the rolling sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the side-sliding sleeve; and the rolling sleeve is mounted outside the horizontal portion of the rolling connecting shaft via a rolling bearing, allowing relative rotation between the rolling sleeve and the horizontal portion of the rolling connecting shaft via the rolling bearing; the rolling electric clutch is mounted outside the horizontal portion of the rolling connecting shaft, with one end fixedly connected to the horizontal portion of the rolling connecting shaft and the other end fixedly connected to the rolling sleeve; the rolling electric clutch is used to control the opening and closing of the rolling channel of the wind tunnel test model;

[0025] The roll angle encoder is installed between the roll sleeve and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft to measure the relative rotation angle between the roll sleeve and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft, thereby obtaining the rotation angle of the roll motion of the wind tunnel test model.

[0026] Furthermore, when the rolling electric clutch is closed, both ends of the rolling electric clutch are in a disengaged state, and the horizontal parts of the rolling sleeve and the rolling connecting shaft can rotate relative to each other. When the pitch rotation channel and the sideslip channel of the wind tunnel test model are closed, the rolling sleeve, the sideslip sleeve, the sideslip connecting shaft, the support device, the pitch connecting shaft, the wind tunnel measuring balance, and the wind tunnel test model form a fixed integral structure. The rolling sleeve rotates around the X-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the X-axis, completing the rolling motion of the wind tunnel test model. When the pitch rotation channel and the sideslip channel of the wind tunnel test model are open, the rolling sleeve, the sideslip motion mechanism, the support device, and the pitch motion mechanism... The wind tunnel test model consists of a wind tunnel measuring balance and a wind tunnel test model, forming an overall structure capable of pitch and sideslip motion. The roll clamp rotates around the X-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the X-axis, completing the roll, sideslip, and pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model. When the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model is closed and the sideslip channel is open, or vice versa, the roll clamp rotates around the X-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the X-axis, completing either the roll and sideslip motion or the roll and pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model. Therefore, when the roll electric clutch is closed, the roll channel of the wind tunnel test model is open.

[0027] When the rolling electric clutch is disengaged, both ends of the rolling electric clutch are in a connected state, and the horizontal part of the rolling sleeve and the rolling connecting shaft are locked into a single structure, preventing relative rotation between the two and closing the rolling channel of the wind tunnel test model.

[0028] Furthermore, the cross-section of the support device is wedge-shaped, and the entire support device is swept back at a preset angle to the wind tunnel test model.

[0029] By applying the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) This invention enables the wind tunnel test model to rotate in multiple degrees of rotational freedom by arranging rotational motion mechanisms (i.e. pitch motion mechanism, sideslip motion mechanism, roll motion mechanism) and motion measurement (i.e. pitch angle encoder, sideslip angle encoder, roll angle encoder) and control devices (i.e. braking components, sideslip electric clutch, roll electric clutch) inside and on the support of the wind tunnel test model of the aircraft, thereby providing multi-degree-of-freedom controlled flight conditions for high-speed wind tunnel simulated flight tests.

[0031] (2) The three sets of rotational motion mechanisms (i.e. pitch motion mechanism, sideslip motion mechanism, and roll motion mechanism) of the present invention can work individually or in combination, and can realize individual pitch motion control, individual sideslip motion control and individual roll motion control, pitch + sideslip motion control, pitch + roll motion control, sideslip + roll motion control and pitch + sideslip + roll motion control, to meet the requirements of high-speed wind tunnel multi-degree-of-freedom simulated flight test.

[0032] (3) The support device of the present invention passes through the through slot of the wind tunnel test model, and there is a gap between the support device and the inner surface of the through slot of the wind tunnel test model. When the wind tunnel test model is controlled to perform pitching motion, it will not interfere with the support device, ensuring that the wind tunnel balance measurement is not affected by the support device, and realizing reliable pitching motion and accurate balance measurement.

[0033] (4) The present invention uses a pneumatically controlled braking component to control the opening and closing of the pitch and rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model, and uses compressed gas to drive a small telescopic braking component to solve the problem that the coaxial braking component cannot be installed in the narrow space inside the wind tunnel test model.

[0034] (5) The present invention uses a side-slip electric clutch to control the opening and closing of the side-slip rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model and a rolling electric clutch to control the opening and closing of the rolling rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model. This can realize the rapid braking of large moving objects, and the motion execution control is simple and the feedback signal is stable.

[0035] (6) The wind tunnel balance used in this invention is fixedly connected to the wind tunnel test model at one end and to the pitch connection shaft of the pitch motion mechanism at the other end, so as to realize the force / torque measurement of the wind tunnel test model while meeting the motion and braking requirements of the wind tunnel test model. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the textual description, explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the pitch mechanism;

[0040] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the sideslip motion mechanism;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the rolling motion mechanism.

[0042] Among them, 1-wind tunnel test model, 2-multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system, 3-wind tunnel measuring balance, 4-pitch motion mechanism, 5-support device, 6-side sliding motion mechanism, 7-roll motion mechanism, 8-mounting plate, 9-pitch sleeve, 10-pitch connecting shaft, 11-pitch angle encoder, 12-U-shaped brake groove, 13-brake lever, 14-brake cylinder, 15-return spring, 16-side sliding sleeve, 17-side sliding angle encoder, 18-side sliding bearing, 19-side sliding electric clutch, 20-side sliding connecting shaft, 21-roll electric clutch, 22-roll bearing, 23-roll angle encoder, 24-roll sleeve, 25-roll connecting shaft, 26-pitch bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0043] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0045] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0046] This embodiment provides a multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system for high-speed wind tunnel testing. See appendix. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system 2 includes: a pitch motion mechanism 4, a support device 5, a lateral sliding motion mechanism 6, a roll motion mechanism 7, and a mounting plate 8;

[0047] The peripheral equipment includes: a wind tunnel test model 1 and a wind tunnel measuring balance 3; a multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system 2 is located in the middle of the high-speed test model 1, and the multi-degree-of-freedom control and measurement system 2 is connected to the high-speed wind tunnel test model 1 through the wind tunnel measuring balance 3; a through groove is machined in the middle of the wind tunnel test model 1;

[0048] The mounting plate 8 is fixed in the wind tunnel test section; the rolling motion mechanism 7 is connected to the mounting plate 8 via connecting component A, the side-sliding motion mechanism 6 is connected to the rolling motion mechanism 7 via connecting component B, one end of the support device 5 is connected to the side-sliding motion mechanism 6, and the other end of the support device 5 is connected to the pitch motion mechanism 4; and the support device 5 passes through the through slot of the wind tunnel test model 1; one end of the wind tunnel measuring balance 3 is fixedly connected to the inside of the wind tunnel test model 1, and the other end is connected to the pitch motion mechanism 4; wherein, the rolling motion mechanism 7 is used to allow the wind tunnel test model 1 to rotate around the horizontal axis under the action of the wind tunnel test airflow. The wind tunnel test model 1 is rotated to complete its roll motion. The lateral sliding mechanism 6 allows the wind tunnel test model 1 to rotate around the vertical axis under the action of the wind tunnel test airflow, thus completing the lateral sliding motion of the wind tunnel test model 1. Let the horizontal axis be the X-axis and the vertical axis be the Y-axis, then the axis perpendicular to the XY plane is the Z-axis. The pitching mechanism 4 allows the wind tunnel test model 1 to rotate around the Z-axis under the action of the wind tunnel test airflow, thus completing the pitching motion of the wind tunnel test model 1. The wind tunnel measuring balance 3 is used to measure the forces and torques in the roll, lateral sliding, and pitching motions of the wind tunnel test model 1.

[0049] The cross-section of the support device 5 is wedge-shaped, and the support device 5 is swept back at a certain angle to the wind tunnel test model 1.

[0050] The specific structures of the pitch motion mechanism 4, the lateral sliding motion mechanism 6, and the roll motion mechanism 7 are as follows:

[0051] See appendix Figure 3 The pitch motion mechanism 4 includes: a pitch connecting shaft 10, a pitch bearing 26, a pitch sleeve 9, a pitch angle encoder 11, and a braking assembly;

[0052] The axis of the pitch connecting shaft 10 is set along the Z-axis; there is a pitch bearing 26 on each side of the pitch connecting shaft 10, and the pitch sleeve 9 is installed outside the pitch connecting shaft 10 through the pitch bearing 26, that is, the outer ring of the pitch bearing 26 is fixed to the pitch sleeve 9, and the inner ring of the pitch bearing 26 is fixed to the pitch connecting shaft 10. The pitch connecting shaft 10 and the pitch sleeve 9 can rotate relative to each other through the pitch bearing 26; wherein, the upper part of the pitch sleeve 9 is fixed to the support device 5, and the outer circumferential surface of the pitch connecting shaft 10 is connected to the end of the wind tunnel measuring balance 3. When the pitch sleeve 9 remains fixed with the support device 5, under the action of the wind tunnel test airflow, the fixed overall structure consisting of the wind tunnel test model 1, the wind tunnel measuring balance 3, and the pitch connecting shaft 10 can rotate around the axis of the pitch connecting shaft 10, that is, around the Z-axis, to complete the pitch movement of the wind tunnel test model 1. During this process, a gap is left between the support device 5 and the inner surface of the through groove of the wind tunnel test model 1, so that the wind tunnel test model 1 will not interfere with the support device 5 when it is controlled to perform pitch movement.

[0053] The pitch angle encoder 11 is installed between the pitch connecting shaft 10 and the pitch sleeve 9 to measure the relative rotation angle between the pitch connecting shaft 10 and the pitch sleeve 9, thereby obtaining the rotation angle of the pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model 1.

[0054] The braking assembly includes: a compressed air source, a brake cylinder 14, a return spring 15, and a brake lever 13;

[0055] The outer circumferential surface of the pitch connecting shaft 10 is machined with a U-shaped brake groove 12. The longitudinal direction of the U-shaped brake groove 12 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the pitch connecting shaft 10, and the transverse direction of the U-shaped brake groove 12 is arranged along the axial direction of the pitch connecting shaft 10. The cross-section of the U-shaped brake groove 12 is trapezoidal. The two longitudinal sides of the U-shaped brake groove 12 are braking surfaces, and the two transverse sides of the brake groove 12 are protective surfaces.

[0056] The brake cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the support device 5. The rear end of the brake rod 13 is fixedly connected to the brake cylinder 14 through the return spring 15. The brake rod 13 can slide along the brake cylinder 14. The front end of the brake rod 13 is a trapezoidal friction head.

[0057] Initially, the return spring 15 is at its original length, and the brake lever 13 retracts into the brake cylinder 14. When the pitch mechanism 4 requires braking, the compressed air source fills the brake cylinder 14 with compressed gas. The compressed gas in the brake cylinder 14 pushes the brake lever 13 to overcome the tension of the return spring 15 and extend it. The front end of the brake lever 13 contacts the brake groove 12 until the trapezoidal friction head of the brake lever 13 and the braking surface of the brake groove 12 make contact to form a sliding friction pair. The friction between the two forms a rotational brake on the pitch connecting shaft 10, that is, the pitch connecting shaft 10 cannot rotate, thus controlling the pitch of the wind tunnel test model 1. The rotation channel is closed; when the pitch motion mechanism 4 has no braking requirement, the compressed gas in the brake cylinder 14 is discharged, and the brake lever 13 will return to its initial position under the pull of the return spring 15. The brake lever 13 will disengage from the brake groove 12, the brake will be released, and the pitch rotation channel of the high-speed wind tunnel test model 1 will open. The overall structure consisting of the wind tunnel test model 1, the wind tunnel measuring balance 3, and the pitch connecting shaft 10 can rotate around the axis of the pitch connecting shaft 10 to complete the pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model 1. In this embodiment, the braking component and the wind tunnel measuring balance 3 are located on two opposite sides of the pitch connecting shaft 10.

[0058] See appendix Figure 4 The lateral sliding mechanism 6 includes: a lateral sliding sleeve 16, a lateral sliding angle encoder 17, a lateral sliding bearing 18, a lateral sliding electric clutch 19, and a lateral sliding connecting shaft 20;

[0059] The axis of the side-sliding connecting shaft 20 is set along the Y-axis, and the side-sliding connecting shaft 20 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the support device 5; the top of the side-sliding sleeve 16 is connected to the rolling motion mechanism 7, and the side-sliding sleeve 16 is the connecting component B; and the bottom of the side-sliding sleeve 16 is installed outside the side-sliding connecting shaft 20 through the side-sliding bearing 18, and the side-sliding sleeve 16 and the side-sliding connecting shaft 20 can rotate relative to each other through the side-sliding bearing 18; the side-sliding electric clutch 19 is installed outside the side-sliding connecting shaft 20, one end of the side-sliding electric clutch 19 is fixedly connected to the side-sliding connecting shaft 20, and the other end of the side-sliding electric clutch 19 is fixedly connected to the side-sliding sleeve 16; the side-sliding electric clutch 19 is used to control the opening and closing of the side-sliding channel of the wind tunnel test model 1, specifically:

[0060] When the side-slip electric clutch 19 is closed, both ends of the side-slip electric clutch 19 are in a disengaged state. At this time, the side-slip sleeve 16 and the side-slip connecting shaft 20 can rotate relative to each other. When the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model 1 is closed, the side-slip connecting shaft 20, the support device 5, the pitch connecting shaft 10, the wind tunnel measuring balance 3, and the wind tunnel test model 1 form a fixed integral structure. The side-slip connecting shaft 20 rotates around the Y-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model 1 to rotate around the Y-axis, completing the side-slip movement of the wind tunnel test model 1. When the pitch rotation channel of Model 1 is opened, the side-sliding connecting shaft 20, the support device 5, the pitch motion mechanism 4 (the pitch connecting shaft 10 and the pitch sleeve 9 can rotate relative to each other), the wind tunnel measuring balance 3, and the wind tunnel test model 1 form an overall structure that allows the wind tunnel test model 1 to undergo pitch motion. The side-sliding connecting shaft 20 rotates around the Y-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model 1 to rotate around the Y-axis, thus completing the side-sliding + pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model 1. Therefore, when the side-sliding electric clutch 19 is closed, the side-sliding channel of the wind tunnel test model 1 is opened.

[0061] When the side-slip electric clutch 19 is open, both ends of the side-slip electric clutch 19 are in a connected state. At this time, the side-slip sleeve 16 and the side-slip connecting shaft 20 are locked into a single structure, and the two cannot rotate relative to each other, thus closing the side-slip passage of the wind tunnel test model 1.

[0062] The sideslip angle encoder 17 is installed between the sideslip sleeve 16 and the sideslip connecting shaft 20 to measure the relative rotation angle between the sideslip sleeve 16 and the sideslip connecting shaft 20, thereby obtaining the rotation angle of the sideslip motion of the wind tunnel test model 1.

[0063] See appendix Figure 5 The rolling motion mechanism 7 includes: a rolling electric clutch 21, a rolling bearing 22, a rolling angle encoder 23, a rolling sleeve 24, and a rolling connecting shaft 25;

[0064] The rolling connecting shaft 25 is an L-shaped rod, with its vertical portion arranged along the vertical axis and fixedly connected to the mounting plate 8, and its horizontal portion arranged along the X-axis; the rolling connecting shaft 25 is the connecting component A; the outer circumferential surface of the rolling sleeve 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the side sliding sleeve 16; and the rolling sleeve 24 is mounted outside the horizontal portion of the rolling connecting shaft 25 via a rolling bearing 22, allowing relative rotation between the rolling sleeve 24 and the horizontal portion of the rolling connecting shaft 25 via the rolling bearing 22; the rolling electric clutch 21 is mounted outside the horizontal portion of the rolling connecting shaft 25, with one end of the rolling electric clutch 21 fixedly connected to the horizontal portion of the rolling connecting shaft 25, and the other end of the rolling electric clutch 21 fixedly connected to the rolling sleeve 24; the rolling electric clutch 21 is used to control the opening and closing of the rolling channel of the wind tunnel test model 1, specifically:

[0065] When the rolling electric clutch 21 is closed, both ends of the rolling electric clutch 21 are in a disengaged state. At this time, the horizontal parts of the rolling sleeve 24 and the rolling connecting shaft 25 can rotate relative to each other. When the pitch rotation channel and the side sliding channel of the wind tunnel test model 1 are closed, the rolling sleeve 24, the side sliding sleeve 16, the side sliding connecting shaft 20, the support device 5, the pitch connecting shaft 10, the wind tunnel measuring balance 3, and the wind tunnel test model 1 form a fixed integral structure. The rolling sleeve 24 rotates around the X-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model 1 to rotate around the X-axis, completing the rolling motion of the wind tunnel test model 1. When the pitch rotation channel and the side sliding channel of the wind tunnel test model 1 are open, the rolling sleeve 24, the side sliding motion mechanism 6 (the side sliding connecting shaft 20 and the side sliding sleeve 16 can rotate relative to each other), the support device 5, and the pitch connecting shaft 10 form a fixed integral structure. The moving mechanism 4 (the pitch connecting shaft 10 and the pitch sleeve 9 can rotate relative to each other), the wind tunnel measuring balance 3, and the wind tunnel test model 1 form an overall structure that enables the wind tunnel test model 1 to perform pitch and sideslip motion. The rolling sleeve 24 rotates around the X-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model 1 to rotate around the X-axis, completing the roll + sideslip + pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model 1. Similarly, when the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model 1 is closed and the sideslip channel is open, or when the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model 1 is open and the sideslip channel is closed, the rolling sleeve 24 rotates around the X-axis, synchronously driving the wind tunnel test model 1 to rotate around the X-axis, completing the roll + sideslip motion or the roll + pitch motion of the wind tunnel test model 1. Therefore, when the rolling electric clutch 21 is closed, the roll channel of the wind tunnel test model 1 is opened.

[0066] When the rolling electric clutch 21 is open, both ends of the rolling electric clutch 21 are in a connected state. At this time, the horizontal part of the rolling sleeve 24 and the rolling connecting shaft 25 are locked into a single structure, and the two cannot rotate relative to each other, thus closing the rolling channel of the wind tunnel test model 1.

[0067] The roll angle encoder 23 is installed between the roll sleeve 24 and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft 25 to measure the relative rotation angle between the roll sleeve 24 and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft 25, thereby obtaining the rotation angle of the roll motion of the wind tunnel test model 1.

[0068] The above three sets of rotational motion mechanisms (i.e., pitch motion mechanism 4, sideslip motion mechanism 6, and roll motion mechanism 7) can work individually or in combination, and can realize individual pitch motion control, individual sideslip motion control, individual roll motion control, pitch + sideslip motion control, pitch + roll motion control, sideslip + roll motion control, and pitch + sideslip + roll motion control, meeting the needs of high-speed wind tunnel multi-degree-of-freedom simulated flight tests.

[0069] Workflow:

[0070] The following uses pitch motion as an example to illustrate the implementation of the single-degree-of-freedom control mode:

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, when only the pitch channel movement is activated, the sideslip and roll channels are closed. The wind tunnel test model 1 is fixed in the wind tunnel test section in a preset attitude using the mounting plate 8. The sideslip electric clutch 19 is activated, locking the sideslip sleeve 16 and the sideslip connecting shaft 20, thus closing the sideslip channel of the wind tunnel test model 1. The roll electric clutch 21 is activated, locking the roll sleeve 24 and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft 25, thus closing the roll channel of the wind tunnel test model 1. After the sideslip and roll channels are closed, compressed gas is introduced into the upper part of the brake cylinder 14. The compressed gas fills the brake cylinder 14, pushing the brake lever 13 to overcome the tension of the return spring 15 and extend it. The front end of the brake lever 13 contacts the brake groove 12, forming a brake and closing the pitch and roll channels of the high-speed wind tunnel test model 1.

[0072] When the wind tunnel is started, the compressed gas in the brake cylinder 14 is discharged after the wind tunnel flow field is established. The brake lever 13 will return to its initial position under the pull of the return spring 15. The brake lever 13 will disengage from the brake groove 12, the brake will be released, and the pitch rotation channel of the high-speed wind tunnel test model 1 will be opened. Under the action of high-speed airflow, wind tunnel test model 1 rotates along the axis of pitch connection shaft 10 of pitch motion mechanism 4. Pitch angle encoder 11 measures the rotation angle in real time and feeds it back to wind tunnel data acquisition system. Wind tunnel measuring balance 3 measures the aerodynamic force / torque data of wind tunnel test model 1 in real time and feeds it back to wind tunnel data acquisition system. Wind tunnel data acquisition system sends the data to wind tunnel flight control system. Wind tunnel flight control system calculates according to control law and sends motion commands to wind tunnel test model 1. Wind tunnel test model 1 simulates flight under control. After completing the predetermined test objective, compressed gas is filled into brake cylinder 14. The compressed gas in brake cylinder 14 pushes brake rod 13 to overcome the tension of return spring 15 and extend. The front end of brake rod 13 contacts brake groove 12 to form braking, closing the pitch rotation channel of high-speed wind tunnel test model 1. The wind tunnel is shut down, and the test ends.

[0073] The following example of pitch + sideslip + roll motion control illustrates the implementation of multi-degree-of-freedom control mode.

[0074] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the wind tunnel test model 1 is first fixed in the wind tunnel test section in a preset posture using the mounting plate 8. The side-slip electric clutch 19 is then activated, locking the side-slip sleeve 16 and the side-slip connecting shaft 20, thus closing the side-slip channel of the wind tunnel test model 1. Next, the roll electric clutch 21 is activated, locking the horizontal portion of the roll sleeve 24 and the roll connecting shaft 25, thus closing the roll channel of the wind tunnel test model 1. Compressed gas is then introduced into the upper part of the brake cylinder 14. The compressed gas fills the brake cylinder 14, pushing the brake lever 13 to overcome the tension of the return spring 15 and extend it. The front end of the brake lever 13 contacts the brake groove 12, forming a brake and closing the pitch and rotation channel of the high-speed wind tunnel test model 1.

[0075] The wind tunnel is started. After the airflow for the wind tunnel test is established, the compressed gas in the brake cylinder 14 is discharged. The brake lever 13 will return to its initial position under the pull of the return spring 15. The brake lever 13 will disengage from the brake groove 12, the brake is released, and the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model 1 is opened. The side-slip electric clutch 19 is closed, which separates the side-slip sleeve 16 from the side-slip connecting shaft 20, opening the side-slip channel of the wind tunnel test model 1. The roll electric clutch 21 is closed, which separates the roll sleeve 24 from the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft 25, opening the roll channel of the wind tunnel test model 1.

[0076] Pitch angle encoder 11 measures the pitch rotation angle of wind tunnel test model 1 in real time; sideslip angle encoder 17 measures the sideslip rotation angle of wind tunnel test model 1 in real time; roll angle encoder 23 measures the roll rotation angle of wind tunnel test model 1 in real time and feeds it back to the wind tunnel data acquisition system; wind tunnel measuring balance 3 measures the aerodynamic force / torque data of wind tunnel test model 1 in real time and feeds it back to the wind tunnel data acquisition system; the wind tunnel data acquisition system sends the data to the wind tunnel flight control system; the wind tunnel flight control system calculates according to the control law and sends motion commands to wind tunnel test model 1; and wind tunnel test model 1 is controlled to simulate flight.

[0077] After achieving the predetermined test objectives, compressed gas is injected into the brake cylinder 14. The compressed gas in the brake cylinder 14 pushes the brake lever 13 to extend beyond the tension of the return spring 15. The front end of the brake lever 13 contacts the brake groove 12, forming a brake and closing the pitch rotation channel of the high-speed wind tunnel test model 1. The sideslip electric clutch 19 is then activated to close the sideslip channel of the high-speed wind tunnel test model 1. The roll electric clutch 21 is then activated to close the roll channel of the high-speed wind tunnel test model 1. The wind tunnel is then shut down, and the test ends.

[0078] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0079] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0080] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-degree of freedom control and measurement system for high speed wind tunnel testing, characterized by, The utility model relates to a wind tunnel test model's three-dimensional motion test device, including: Pitching movement mechanism, support device, sideslip movement mechanism, roll movement mechanism and mounting disc; The peripheral equipment includes: wind tunnel test model and wind tunnel measuring balance; The middle part of wind tunnel test model is processed with through slot; The mounting disc is fixed in the wind tunnel test section; Roll movement mechanism is connected with mounting disc through connecting part A, sideslip movement mechanism is connected with roll movement mechanism through connecting part B, one end of support device is connected with sideslip movement mechanism, the other end of support device is connected with pitching movement mechanism; And support device passes through the through slot of wind tunnel test model; One end of wind tunnel measuring balance is fixedly connected with the inside of wind tunnel test model, and the other end is connected with pitching movement mechanism; Wherein, the roll movement mechanism is used for allowing wind tunnel test model to be able to rotate around horizontal shaft under the action of wind tunnel test airflow, to complete the roll movement of wind tunnel test model, the sideslip movement mechanism is used for allowing wind tunnel test model to be able to rotate around vertical shaft under the action of wind tunnel test airflow, to complete the sideslip movement of wind tunnel test model, make the horizontal shaft be X axis, vertical shaft be Y axis, then the axis perpendicular to XY plane is Z axis, the pitching movement mechanism is used for allowing wind tunnel test model to be able to rotate around Z axis under the action of wind tunnel test airflow, to complete the pitching movement of wind tunnel test model; The pitching movement mechanism includes: pitching connecting shaft, pitching clamp sleeve and brake assembly; The axis of the pitching connecting shaft is arranged along the Z axis; The pitching clamp sleeve is installed outside the pitching connecting shaft through a pitching bearing, and the pitching connecting shaft and the pitching clamp sleeve rotate relative to each other through the pitching bearing; Wherein, the upper part of the pitching clamp sleeve is fixedly connected with the support device, and the outer circumferential surface of the pitching connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the end of the wind tunnel measuring balance; When the pitching clamp sleeve remains fixed with the support device, under the action of the wind tunnel flow field, the fixed overall structure composed of the wind tunnel test model, the wind tunnel measuring balance and the pitching connecting shaft can rotate around the axis direction of the pitching connecting shaft, i.e. rotate around the Z axis, to complete the pitching movement of the wind tunnel test model; The brake assembly is used for braking the rotation of the pitching connecting shaft, to control the opening and closing of the pitching rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model; The brake assembly includes: a compressed air source, a brake cylinder, a return spring and a brake rod; The outer circumferential surface of the pitching connecting shaft is processed with a square-shaped brake groove, the longitudinal direction of the square-shaped brake groove is arranged along the ring direction of the pitching connecting shaft, and the transverse direction of the square-shaped brake groove is arranged along the axial direction of the pitching connecting shaft; The cross section of the square-shaped brake groove is trapezoidal, the longitudinal sides of the square-shaped brake groove are braking surfaces, and the transverse sides of the square-shaped brake groove are protective surfaces; The brake cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the support device, the rear end of the brake rod is fixedly connected to the brake cylinder through the return spring, the brake rod can slide along the brake cylinder, and the front end of the brake rod is a trapezoidal friction head.

2. A multi-degree of freedom control and measurement system for high speed wind tunnel testing as recited in claim 1, wherein, The pitching movement mechanism further includes a pitching angle encoder; The pitching angle encoder is installed between the pitching connecting shaft and the pitching clamp sleeve, and is used for measuring the relative rotation angle of the pitching connecting shaft and the pitching clamp sleeve, to obtain the rotation angle of the pitching movement of the wind tunnel test model.

3. A multi-degree of freedom control and measurement system for high speed wind tunnel testing as recited in claim 2, wherein, The gap is left between the support device and the inner surface of the through slot of the wind tunnel test model, and the wind tunnel test model does not interfere with the support device when the wind tunnel test model is controlled to pitch.

4. A multi-degree of freedom control and measurement system for high speed wind tunnel testing as recited in claim 2, wherein, The side-slip movement mechanism comprises a side-slip clamping sleeve, a side-slip angle encoder, a side-slip electric clutch and a side-slip connecting shaft. The axis of the side-slip connecting shaft is arranged along the Y axis, and the side-slip connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the support device; the top of the side-slip clamping sleeve is connected to the rolling movement mechanism, and the side-slip clamping sleeve is the connecting component B; the bottom of the side-slip clamping sleeve is installed outside the side-slip connecting shaft through a side-slip bearing, and the side-slip clamping sleeve and the side-slip connecting shaft rotate relative to each other through the side-slip bearing; the side-slip electric clutch is installed outside the side-slip connecting shaft, one end of the side-slip electric clutch is fixedly connected to the side-slip connecting shaft, and the other end of the side-slip electric clutch is fixedly connected to the side-slip clamping sleeve; the side-slip electric clutch is used to control the opening and closing of the side-slip channel of the wind tunnel test model; The side-slip angle encoder is installed between the side-slip clamping sleeve and the side-slip connecting shaft, and is used to measure the relative rotation angle of the side-slip clamping sleeve and the side-slip connecting shaft, so as to obtain the rotation angle of the side-slip movement of the wind tunnel test model.

5. A multi-degree of freedom control and measurement system for high speed wind tunnel testing as recited in claim 4, wherein, When the side-slip electric clutch is closed, the two ends of the side-slip electric clutch are in a separated state, and the side-slip clamping sleeve and the side-slip connecting shaft can rotate relative to each other; when the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model is closed, the side-slip connecting shaft, the support device, the pitch connecting shaft, the wind tunnel test model and the wind tunnel test model form a fixed overall structure, the side-slip connecting shaft rotates around the Y axis, synchronously drives the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the Y axis, and the side-slip movement of the wind tunnel test model is completed; when the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model is opened, the side-slip connecting shaft, the support device, the pitch movement mechanism, the wind tunnel test model and the wind tunnel test model form an overall structure in which the wind tunnel test model can pitch, the side-slip connecting shaft rotates around the Y axis, synchronously drives the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the Y axis, and the side-slip + pitch movement of the wind tunnel test model is completed; therefore, when the side-slip electric clutch is closed, the side-slip channel of the wind tunnel test model is opened; When the side-slip electric clutch is opened, the two ends of the side-slip electric clutch are in a connected state, the side-slip clamping sleeve and the side-slip connecting shaft are locked into an integrated structure, and the two cannot rotate relative to each other, thereby closing the side-slip channel of the wind tunnel test model.

6. A multi-degree of freedom control and measurement system for high speed wind tunnel testing as recited in claim 4, wherein, The rolling movement mechanism comprises a rolling electric clutch, a rolling bearing, a rolling angle encoder, a rolling clamping sleeve and a rolling connecting shaft. The rolling connecting shaft is an L-shaped rod, the vertical part of the L-shaped rod is arranged along the vertical axis and is fixedly connected to the mounting disc, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped rod is arranged along the X axis; the rolling connecting shaft is the connecting component A; the outer circumferential surface of the rolling clamping sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the side-slip clamping sleeve; the rolling clamping sleeve is installed outside the horizontal part of the rolling connecting shaft through the rolling bearing, and the rolling clamping sleeve and the horizontal part of the rolling connecting shaft rotate relative to each other through the rolling bearing; the rolling electric clutch is installed outside the horizontal part of the rolling connecting shaft, one end of the rolling electric clutch is fixedly connected to the horizontal part of the rolling connecting shaft, and the other end of the rolling electric clutch is fixedly connected to the rolling clamping sleeve; the rolling electric clutch is used to control the opening and closing of the rolling channel of the wind tunnel test model. The roll angle encoder is installed between the roll sleeve and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft to measure the relative rotation angle of the roll sleeve and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft, and further obtain the rotation angle of the roll movement of the wind tunnel test model.

7. A multi-degree of freedom control and measurement system for high speed wind tunnel testing as recited in claim 6, wherein, When the roll electric clutch is closed, the two ends of the roll electric clutch are in a separated state, the roll sleeve and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft can rotate relatively, when the pitch rotation channel and the side slip channel of the wind tunnel test model are closed, the roll sleeve, the side slip sleeve, the side slip connecting shaft, the support device, the pitch connecting shaft, the wind tunnel test balance and the wind tunnel test model form a fixed overall structure, the roll sleeve rotates around the X axis, synchronously drives the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the X axis, and the roll movement of the wind tunnel test model is completed; when the pitch rotation channel and the side slip channel of the wind tunnel test model are opened, the roll sleeve, the side slip movement mechanism, the support device, the pitch movement mechanism, the wind tunnel test balance and the wind tunnel test model form an overall structure in which the wind tunnel test model can perform pitch+side slip movement, the roll sleeve rotates around the X axis, synchronously drives the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the X axis, and the roll+side slip+pitch movement of the wind tunnel test model is completed; when the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model is closed and the side slip channel is opened or the pitch rotation channel of the wind tunnel test model is opened and the side slip channel is closed, the roll sleeve rotates around the X axis, synchronously drives the wind tunnel test model to rotate around the X axis, and the roll+side slip movement or the roll+pitch movement of the wind tunnel test model is completed; therefore, when the roll electric clutch is closed, the roll channel of the wind tunnel test model is opened. When the roll electric clutch is opened, the two ends of the roll electric clutch are in a connected state, the roll sleeve and the horizontal part of the roll connecting shaft are locked as an integral structure, and the two cannot rotate relatively, and the roll channel of the wind tunnel test model is closed.

8. A multi-degree of freedom control and measurement system for high speed wind tunnel testing as in any one of the claims 1-7, characterized in that, The support device has a cross section in the shape of a wedge, and the overall sweep of the support device is at a preset angle with the wind tunnel test model.

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