Quality control system for improving accuracy of special staining of renal puncture

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of renal puncture staining control, and discloses a quality control system for improving renal puncture special staining accuracy, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a detection module and a monitoring module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for collecting reference sample information and target sample information; the data processing module is used for calculating reference dyeing parameters of the to-be-dyed sample and adjusting the concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution based on the reference dyeing sample and tissue information of the to-be-dyed sample; the detection module is used for detecting a dyeing progress index of a to-be-dyed sample in the dyeing process; the monitoring module judges whether a dyeing target state is achieved or not based on the dyeing progress index; the monitoring module is also used for timing and finishing reminding for each dyeing link in the dyeing process; according to the invention, real-time monitoring of the dyeing process is realized, and the dyeing accuracy and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of renal puncture staining control, and in particular to a quality control system for improving the accuracy of renal puncture special staining. Background Art

[0002] At present, the traditional special staining process of renal puncture has deficiencies in many aspects. In terms of staining parameter setting, most of them rely on empirical judgment. Pathology laboratories usually use relatively fixed staining processes and parameters without fully considering the individual differences of renal tissue samples. The renal tissues of different patients are diverse in terms of disease type, severity, tissue composition, etc. However, traditional methods cannot accurately adjust the staining parameters according to these differences, such as the type and fixation time of fixative, the concentration and oxidation time of periodic acid oxidation solution, the concentration of staining reagent, the concentration and differentiation time of differentiation solution, and the number and time of washing steps. This may lead to poor staining effect, either the staining is too light, making it difficult to clearly distinguish the target structure, affecting the accuracy of diagnosis; or the staining is too dark, covering up the cell details, which also brings difficulties to diagnosis.

[0003] Existing technologies do not collect comprehensive and accurate information about kidney tissue samples. Tissue density and glycogen content are important factors that affect staining results, but existing technologies often lack accurate measurement and effective use of them. The traditional staining process does not reasonably adjust the concentration of periodic acid solution according to the glycogen content, which affects the accurate display of glycogen and the diagnosis of diseases.

[0004] In terms of staining process monitoring, existing technologies lack effective real-time monitoring methods. Usually, the results are evaluated only after the staining is completed, making it difficult to detect problems and make adjustments in time during the staining process. Once the staining is deviated, it is often necessary to re-stain, which not only wastes time and reagents, but may also damage the tissue sample due to multiple treatments, further affecting the reliability of the diagnostic results.

[0005] For example, a Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN118090377B discloses a kit and a staining method for special staining of renal puncture tissue biopsy under light microscopy, which is used to solve the problem of insufficient coloring of target substances and excessive coloring of non-target substances in existing staining kits. The kit includes a PASM set of MASSON stains, a MASSON stain and a Congo red stain; the PASM set of MASSON stains and the MASSON stains include a first homemade reagent, a second homemade reagent and a third homemade reagent; the first homemade reagent includes Biebrich scarlet, acid fuchsin, deionized water and glacial acetic acid; the second homemade reagent includes phosphomolybdic acid, phosphotungstic acid and deionized water; the third homemade reagent includes water-soluble aniline blue, deionized water and glacial acetic acid. This invention can achieve moderate coloring of target substances and not excessive coloring of non-target substances through the selection of constituent materials, precise design of proportions and staining methods. However, this patent still has the problems raised by this background technology: in terms of dyeing process monitoring, the existing technology lacks effective real-time monitoring means, and the results are usually evaluated after the dyeing is completed, making it difficult to detect problems and make adjustments in time during the dyeing process.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to ordinary technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the staining process and improve the accuracy and reliability of staining.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a detection module, and a monitoring module; wherein:

[0010] The data acquisition module is used to collect reference sample information of the reference stained sample of renal puncture, and obtain target sample information of the sample to be stained; the reference sample information and the target sample information both include pathological information and tissue information of the corresponding sample;

[0011] The data processing module calculates the reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained based on the reference sample information and the target sample information; the data processing is also used to adjust the concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution according to the tissue information of the reference staining sample and the sample to be stained;

[0012] The detection module is used to detect the staining progress index of the sample to be stained during the staining process; the staining progress index includes ultrasonic reflection intensity, ultrasonic reflection delay, and target pixel ratio;

[0013] The monitoring module determines whether the dyeing target state is achieved based on the dyeing progress indicator; the monitoring module is also used to time and end each dyeing link during the dyeing process.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture according to the present invention, the data acquisition module includes a first acquisition unit and a second acquisition unit; wherein the first acquisition unit is used to collect pathological information and tissue information of the reference staining sample, and collect pathological information of the sample to be stained; the second acquisition unit is used to measure the tissue information of the sample to be stained;

[0015] The pathological information of any sample includes the disease type, disease severity, pathological marker expression level, and cell composition ratio; the first acquisition unit retrieves the renal puncture reference staining sample from the database, and obtains each pathological information of each reference staining sample and the sample to be stained;

[0016] The tissue information of any sample includes tissue density and glycogen content; the tissue information of the reference stained sample is directly queried and acquired by the first acquisition unit; and the tissue information of the sample to be stained is actually measured by the second acquisition unit.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture according to the present invention, the data processing module includes a statistical unit; the statistical unit is used to calculate the reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained, which are as follows:

[0018] Encode each item of reference sample information of each reference staining sample respectively, and form a reference feature vector of each reference staining sample;

[0019] Encode each reference sample information of the sample to be stained and form a sample feature vector of the sample to be stained;

[0020] Calculating the similarity between the sample feature vector and each reference feature vector, and extracting reference stained samples corresponding to similarities higher than a preset similarity threshold as similar samples of the sample to be stained;

[0021] Extract each reference staining parameter of each similar sample in the preparation process; any reference staining parameter is obtained by averaging the corresponding staining parameters of all similar samples;

[0022] The reference staining parameters include fixation time, reference concentration of periodic acid oxidation solution, oxidation time, staining reagent concentration, differentiation solution concentration, differentiation time, washing times, and washing time.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture according to the present invention, the data processing module further includes a calculation unit; the calculation unit is configured with a concentration adjustment strategy for adjusting the concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution according to the tissue information of the reference staining sample and the sample to be stained; the concentration adjustment strategy is specifically as follows:

[0024] Obtaining a reference concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution; obtaining a tissue density of the sample to be stained; obtaining a glycogen content of the sample to be stained;

[0025] Obtaining the tissue density of all the similar samples and calculating the average to obtain a reference tissue density;

[0026] Obtaining the glycogen contents of all the similar samples and calculating the average to obtain a reference glycogen content;

[0027] The recommended concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution is calculated based on the reference concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution, the tissue density and glycogen content of the sample to be stained, the reference tissue density, and the reference glycogen content.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture according to the present invention, the formula for calculating the recommended concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution by the calculation unit is as follows:

[0029] ;

[0030] Wherein, C represents the recommended concentration of periodic acid oxidation solution; Indicates the reference concentration of periodate oxidation solution; Indicates the tissue density of the sample to be stained; Indicates the glycogen content of the sample to be stained; represents the reference tissue density; represents the reference glycogen content; represents the adjustment factor of tissue density; represents the regulation coefficient of glycogen content; and The values ​​are determined by parameter fitting.

[0031] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture according to the present invention, the detection module includes a first detection unit; the first detection unit is used to detect the ultrasonic reflection intensity and ultrasonic reflection delay of the sample to be stained; specifically as follows:

[0032] Select N detection points on the outer wall of the dyeing container, where N is a positive integer;

[0033] At the beginning of staining, ultrasonic waves are sent to the renal tissue slices at each detection point, and reflected waves are received at each detection point; the intensity of the reflected waves at N detection points is recorded and averaged, which is recorded as the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection intensity; the reflection delay time at N detection points is recorded and averaged, which is recorded as the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection delay; the reflection delay time is the time difference between the moment when the reflected wave is received and the moment when the ultrasonic wave is emitted; the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection intensity and the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection delay are sent to the monitoring module;

[0034] During the staining process, ultrasonic waves are continuously sent to the renal tissue slices at each detection point, and reflected waves are received at each detection point; the intensities of the reflected waves at N detection points are recorded and averaged to obtain real-time ultrasonic reflection intensity; the reflection delay times at N detection points are recorded and averaged to obtain real-time ultrasonic reflection delay; the ultrasonic reflection intensity and ultrasonic reflection delay are sent to the monitoring module in real time.

[0035] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture according to the present invention, the detection module further includes a second detection unit; the second detection unit is used to monitor the target pixel ratio of the sample to be stained, as follows:

[0036] Images of the staining process were taken from above the staining container, including the entire renal biopsy tissue section;

[0037] Segmenting a slice image from the staining process image;

[0038] Convert the slice image from RGB space to HSV space and count the hue and saturation of each pixel in the slice image;

[0039] The second detection unit is provided with a minimum threshold value of hue and the highest threshold , and the minimum threshold of saturation and the highest threshold ; Hue is in the interval Medium and saturation is in the range The pixel in is the target pixel;

[0040] Calculate the ratio of the number of target pixels to the total number of pixels in the slice image , as the target pixel ratio; and sending the target pixel ratio to the monitoring module in real time.

[0041] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture described in the present invention, the monitoring module includes a data storage unit and a monitoring unit; wherein the data storage unit is used to store reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained; the monitoring unit is used to time each staining link and to provide an end reminder for each staining link based on the reference staining parameters.

[0042] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining for renal puncture according to the present invention, the monitoring unit is configured with a staining monitoring strategy for determining whether the staining target state is achieved; the staining monitoring strategy is specifically as follows:

[0043] Calculate the change in ultrasonic reflection intensity , the formula is as follows:

[0044] ;

[0045] Where, I represents the real-time ultrasonic reflection intensity, Indicates the initial value of ultrasonic reflection intensity;

[0046] Calculate the change in reflection delay time , the formula is as follows:

[0047] ;

[0048] Where t represents the real-time reflection delay time, Indicates the initial value of the reflection delay time;

[0049] The monitoring unit is also equipped with a threshold value for the change in ultrasonic reflection intensity. , the change threshold of reflection delay time , target pixel ratio threshold ;like Greater than ,and Greater than ,at the same time Greater than , the dyeing target state is achieved.

[0050] As a preferred solution of the quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining for renal puncture of the present invention, when the staining target state is reached, the monitoring unit reminds to end the staining link;

[0051] The statistical unit is also used to provide a dyeing reference time; the dyeing reference time is the maximum value of the dyeing times corresponding to all similar samples; during the dyeing process, the monitoring module times the dyeing link, and if the dyeing target state is not achieved, when the dyeing time reaches the dyeing reference time, the monitoring unit reminds to end the dyeing link.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0053] By collecting the pathological and tissue information of the reference samples and the samples to be stained, and calculating the reference staining parameters of the samples to be stained based on this information, including multiple key parameters such as fixation time and concentration of periodic acid oxidation solution, the parameters in the staining process can be set more accurately according to the characteristics of the sample, avoiding the problem of poor staining effects caused by reliance on experience in traditional methods.

[0054] Calculating and adjusting the recommended concentration of periodic acid oxidation solution according to the tissue density and glycogen content of the sample to be stained and the reference sample can effectively avoid the problem of insufficient or excessive oxidation caused by differences in tissue density and glycogen content, saving reagents and reducing staining costs while ensuring the staining effect.

[0055] During the staining process, staining progress indicators such as ultrasonic reflection intensity, ultrasonic reflection delay and target pixel ratio are detected. The monitoring module determines whether the staining target state is achieved based on these indicators, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the staining process, improving the accuracy and reliability of staining, reducing the need for re-staining due to staining deviation, and avoiding damage to tissue samples caused by multiple processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining for renal puncture provided by the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 The present invention provides a flow chart of the principle of a quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than limitations on the technical solution of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0060] This embodiment introduces a quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2The system includes a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a detection module, and a monitoring module; wherein:

[0061] The data acquisition module is used to collect reference sample information of the reference stained sample of renal puncture, and obtain target sample information of the sample to be stained; the reference sample information and the target sample information both include pathological information and tissue information of the corresponding sample;

[0062] The data acquisition module includes a first acquisition unit and a second acquisition unit; wherein the first acquisition unit is used to collect pathological information and tissue information of the reference stained sample, and collect pathological information of the sample to be stained; the second acquisition unit is used to measure tissue information of the sample to be stained;

[0063] The pathological information of any sample includes the disease type, disease severity, pathological marker expression level, and cell composition ratio; the first acquisition unit retrieves the renal puncture reference staining sample from the database, and obtains each pathological information of each reference staining sample and the sample to be stained;

[0064] Collecting pathological information requires clarifying the disease category to which the renal tissue sample belongs, such as glomerulonephritis (including minimal change type, membranous nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, etc.), diabetic nephropathy, renal amyloidosis, etc. Different diseases can cause specific changes in the cell structure and component metabolism of renal tissue, affecting the staining effect. The severity of the disease is quantified by pathological grading. For example, in glomerulonephritis, pathological grading is performed according to the degree of glomerular damage (such as cell proliferation, mesangial matrix expansion, basement membrane thickening, etc.). Tissues of different severity may have differences in glycogen and glycoprotein content and distribution, which in turn affects the staining parameters. At the same time, the expression levels of specific pathological markers in renal tissue should also be detected, such as immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, etc.), complement (C3, etc.), and specific proteoglycans. The presence or absence and expression level of these markers can reflect the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease, and may interfere with or cooperate with the chemical reactions during the staining process. In addition, the proportion of different types of cells in renal tissue is counted by histopathological methods. For example, in certain disease states, the proportion of mesangial cells in the glomerulus increases, while tubular epithelial cells may undergo necrosis and fall off, changing the proportion of cell composition and affecting the target object and degree of reaction of staining.

[0065] The tissue information of any sample includes tissue density and glycogen content. The tissue information of the reference stained sample is directly queried and obtained by the first acquisition unit; the tissue information of the sample to be stained is actually measured by the second acquisition unit. For example, the density of the kidney tissue sample to be stained is measured by combining the Archimedean principle with a precision balance, and the glycogen content of the sample to be stained is determined by the anthrone colorimetric method.

[0066] Tissue density reflects the compactness of tissue components per unit volume. Periodic acid reacts with sugars in tissues, mainly oxidizing the glycol groups of sugars to convert them into dialdehydes. In denser tissues, cells and extracellular matrix are closely arranged, and it is more difficult for periodic acid solution to penetrate into the tissue. In order to ensure that periodic acid can fully penetrate and oxidize sugars, the concentration of periodic acid solution may need to be appropriately increased. For tissues with lower density, the concentration of periodic acid solution can be appropriately reduced to avoid excessive oxidation, while also saving reagents and reducing potential nonspecific reactions. When the glycogen content in the tissue is high, in order to ensure that the glycol groups in all glycogen molecules can be fully oxidized, sufficient periodic acid molecules are required to react with them. This may require a relatively high concentration of periodic acid solution. On the contrary, when the glycogen content is low, a lower concentration of periodic acid solution may be sufficient to complete the oxidation reaction. This can reduce unnecessary chemical reactions and reduce the risk of background noise and nonspecific staining.

[0067] The data processing module calculates the reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained based on the reference sample information and the target sample information; the data processing is also used to adjust the concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution according to the tissue information of the reference staining sample and the sample to be stained;

[0068] The data processing module includes a statistical unit and a calculation unit; wherein the statistical unit is used to calculate the reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained, as follows:

[0069] Encode each item of reference sample information of each reference staining sample respectively, and form a reference feature vector of each reference staining sample;

[0070] Encode each reference sample information of the sample to be stained and form a sample feature vector of the sample to be stained;

[0071] Calculating the similarity between the sample feature vector and each reference feature vector, and extracting reference stained samples corresponding to similarities higher than a preset similarity threshold as similar samples to the sample to be stained; the similarity may be calculated based on a method such as a pre-similarity, a weighted Euclidean distance, etc.;

[0072] Each reference staining parameter of each similar sample during the preparation process is extracted; any reference staining parameter is obtained by averaging the corresponding staining parameters of all similar samples.

[0073] The reference staining parameters include fixation time, reference concentration of periodic acid oxidation solution, oxidation time, staining reagent concentration, differentiation solution concentration, differentiation time, washing times, and washing time;

[0074] The fixation time needs to be adjusted according to the tissue density and pathological status. For example, tissues with mild lesions and dense tissue structure may require a relatively long fixation time to ensure that the tissue components are fully fixed. Kidney tissue samples with high glycogen content require a higher concentration of periodic acid solution and a longer oxidation time; tissues with low glycogen content can reduce the concentration and shorten the time to avoid excessive oxidation. For tissues with complex cellular components and darker background staining, it may be necessary to appropriately increase the concentration of differentiation solution or extend the differentiation time, but it is necessary to avoid excessive differentiation that leads to loss of positive staining. The pathological state of the tissue and the use of staining reagents will affect the requirements for washing. If the tissue contains more impurities or non-specific binding substances, or a higher concentration of staining reagents is used, it may be necessary to increase the number of washes and extend the washing time to ensure that excess reagents are removed and reduce non-specific staining.

[0075] The data acquisition module collects a large amount of PAS staining data of renal puncture tissue samples under different renal disease conditions, including the process parameter settings of each process during staining, tissue characteristics, and corresponding clinical diagnosis results. By analyzing these data, the optimal parameters in the staining process can be set more accurately based on the sample information before staining.

[0076] The calculation unit is configured with a concentration adjustment strategy for adjusting the concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution according to the tissue information of the reference staining sample and the sample to be stained; the concentration adjustment strategy is specifically as follows:

[0077] Obtain the reference concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution, recorded as ; Obtain the tissue density of the sample to be stained, recorded as ; Obtain the glycogen content of the sample to be stained, recorded as ;

[0078] Obtain the tissue density of all similar samples and calculate the average to obtain the reference tissue density, which is recorded as ;

[0079] Obtain the glycogen content of all similar samples and calculate the average to obtain the reference glycogen content, which is recorded as ;

[0080] The recommended concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution is calculated based on the reference concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution, the tissue density and glycogen content of the sample to be stained, the reference tissue density, and the reference glycogen content; the formula is as follows:

[0081] ;

[0082] Wherein, C represents the recommended concentration of periodic acid oxidation solution; represents the adjustment factor of tissue density; represents the regulation coefficient of glycogen content; and The values ​​are determined by parameter fitting. By controlling the variables, a series of staining samples with different tissue density and glycogen content are set, and different periodic acid oxidation solutions are used for oxidation. The staining effects under different experimental conditions are observed and the data are recorded. and For example, suppose that it is found through experiments that for every 0.01 (grams per cubic centimeter) increase in tissue density, the periodic acid concentration needs to be increased by 0.05 mol / L to achieve the best staining effect. The value is 0.05. Assuming that for every 1 mg / g increase in glycogen content, the periodic acid concentration needs to increase by 0.03 mol / L to achieve the best staining effect, then The value is 0.03.

[0083] Through the concentration adjustment strategy, the concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution is automatically adjusted according to the characteristics of the renal tissue sample, so that the solution concentration can be accurately allocated and supplied, avoiding unnecessary excessive use of reagents, and reducing the staining cost while ensuring the staining effect.

[0084] The detection module is used to detect the staining progress index of the sample to be stained during the staining process; the staining progress index includes ultrasonic reflection intensity, ultrasonic reflection delay, and target pixel ratio;

[0085] The detection module includes a first detection unit and a second detection unit; wherein the first detection unit is used to detect the ultrasonic reflection intensity and ultrasonic reflection delay of the sample to be stained; specifically as follows:

[0086] Select N detection points on the outer wall of the dyeing container, where N is a positive integer;

[0087] At the beginning of staining, ultrasonic waves are sent to the renal tissue slices at each detection point, and reflected waves are received at each detection point; the intensity of the reflected waves at N detection points is recorded and averaged, which is recorded as the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection intensity; the reflection delay time at N detection points is recorded and averaged, which is recorded as the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection delay; the reflection delay time is the time difference between the moment when the reflected wave is received and the moment when the ultrasonic wave is emitted; the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection intensity and the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection delay are sent to the monitoring module;

[0088] During the staining process, ultrasonic waves are continuously sent to the renal tissue slices at each detection point, and reflected waves are received at each detection point; the intensities of the reflected waves at N detection points are recorded and averaged to obtain real-time ultrasonic reflection intensity; the reflection delay times at N detection points are recorded and averaged to obtain real-time ultrasonic reflection delay; the ultrasonic reflection intensity and ultrasonic reflection delay are sent to the monitoring module in real time.

[0089] When ultrasound waves propagate at the interface of different media (such as tissue and staining solution), reflection occurs. By detecting the intensity and time delay of the reflected wave, the position of the interface can be determined, thereby monitoring the penetration depth of the staining solution. When staining begins, most of the ultrasound waves are reflected on the tissue surface; as the staining solution gradually penetrates, more new tissue-staining solution interfaces are formed, and these interfaces reflect part of the ultrasound waves, resulting in an increase in the total intensity of the reflected waves. The propagation speed of ultrasound waves in different media is different, and there is a difference between the speed of sound in the staining solution and the speed of sound in the kidney tissue. As the penetration depth of the staining solution increases, the time it takes for the reflected wave to return from the newly formed tissue-staining solution interface changes. The change in the return time of the reflected wave reflects the change in the position of the interface, thereby reflecting the penetration depth of the staining solution. For example, if the penetration depth increases, the reflected wave returns from a deeper interface, and its time delay becomes longer relative to the wave reflected only from the tissue surface.

[0090] The second detection unit is used to monitor the target pixel ratio of the sample to be stained, as follows:

[0091] Images of the staining process were taken from above the staining container, including the entire renal biopsy tissue section;

[0092] Segmenting a slice image from the staining process image;

[0093] The slice image is converted from RGB space to HSV space and the hue and saturation of each pixel in the slice image are counted; the image is converted from RGB space to HSV (hue, saturation, value) space using color space conversion. In HSV space, hue and saturation can better reflect the type and purity of color. For the purple-red color dyed by PAS, the main focus is on the changes in hue and saturation within the corresponding range.

[0094] The second detection unit is provided with a minimum threshold value of hue and the highest threshold , and the minimum threshold of saturation and the highest threshold ; Hue is in the interval Medium and saturation is in the range The pixel in is the target pixel; the minimum threshold and maximum threshold of hue, as well as the minimum threshold and maximum threshold of saturation are obtained based on the analysis of slice images of a large number of stained samples; for example, the hue of the stained pixel in an ideal state is between 320-340 (corresponding to purple-red), and the saturation is between 0.6-0.8. The ideal state of PAS staining is as follows: In the renal puncture tissue, the glycogen and glycoprotein components appear purple-red. The glomerular basement membrane will be stained purple-red, and the thickness is uniform and continuous. The glycogen granules in the renal tubular epithelial cells will also be stained purple-red, and these glycogen granules are evenly distributed. The boundary between the mesangial cells and the matrix in the glomerular mesangial area is also relatively clear, and the mesangial matrix is ​​stained purple-red.

[0095] Calculate the ratio of the number of target pixels to the total number of pixels in the slice image , as the target pixel ratio; and sending the target pixel ratio to the monitoring module in real time.

[0096] The monitoring module determines whether the dyeing target state is achieved based on the dyeing progress indicator; the monitoring module is also used to time and end each dyeing link during the dyeing process.

[0097] The monitoring module includes a data storage unit and a monitoring unit; wherein the data storage unit is used to store reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained; the monitoring unit is used to time each staining link and to remind each staining link to end based on the reference staining parameters;

[0098] The monitoring unit is configured with a dyeing monitoring strategy for determining whether the dyeing target state is achieved; the dyeing monitoring strategy is specifically as follows:

[0099] Calculate the change in ultrasonic reflection intensity , the formula is as follows:

[0100] ;

[0101] Where, I represents the real-time ultrasonic reflection intensity, Indicates the initial value of ultrasonic reflection intensity;

[0102] Calculate the change in reflection delay time , the formula is as follows:

[0103] ;

[0104] Where t represents the real-time reflection delay time, Indicates the initial value of the reflection delay time;

[0105] The monitoring unit is also equipped with a threshold value for the change in ultrasonic reflection intensity. , the change threshold of reflection delay time , target pixel ratio threshold ;like Greater than ,and Greater than ,at the same time Greater than , the dyeing target state is achieved.

[0106] Ultrasonic reflection intensity change threshold , the change threshold of reflection delay time They are all determined based on a series of staining experiments with known staining depths. For example, it has been found through experiments that when the staining solution penetrates near the glomerular basement membrane, the reflection intensity will increase significantly. At this time, the corresponding change in reflection intensity is When the staining depth reaches the level that can fully stain the glycogen and glycoprotein components in the kidney tissue, the corresponding change in the reflection delay time is . The target pixel ratio threshold Also based on experimental measurements, for example, when the target pixel ratio exceeds 0.7, the dyeing state is close to the ideal purple-red color.

[0107] When the dyeing target state is reached, the monitoring unit reminds to end the dyeing process;

[0108] The statistical unit is also used to provide a dyeing reference time; the dyeing reference time is the maximum value of the dyeing time corresponding to all similar samples; the monitoring module counts the dyeing time, and if the dyeing target state is not achieved, when the dyeing time reaches the dyeing reference time, the monitoring unit reminds to end the dyeing process.

[0109] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0110] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose and scope of protection of the present invention, which are all within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture, characterized in that: It includes data acquisition module, data processing module, detection module and monitoring module; among which: The data acquisition module is used to collect reference sample information of the reference stained sample of renal puncture, and obtain target sample information of the sample to be stained; the reference sample information and the target sample information both include pathological information and tissue information of the corresponding sample; The data processing module calculates the reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained based on the reference sample information and the target sample information; the data processing is also used to adjust the concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution according to the tissue information of the reference staining sample and the sample to be stained; The detection module is used to detect the staining progress index of the sample to be stained during the staining process; the staining progress index includes ultrasonic reflection intensity, ultrasonic reflection delay, and target pixel ratio; The monitoring module determines whether the dyeing target state is achieved based on the dyeing progress indicator; the monitoring module is also used to time and end each dyeing link during the dyeing process.

2. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a first acquisition unit and a second acquisition unit; wherein the first acquisition unit is used to collect pathological information and tissue information of the reference stained sample, and collect pathological information of the sample to be stained; the second acquisition unit is used to measure tissue information of the sample to be stained; The pathological information of any sample includes the disease type, disease severity, pathological marker expression level, and cell composition ratio; the first acquisition unit retrieves the renal puncture reference staining sample from the database, and obtains each pathological information of each reference staining sample and the sample to be stained; The tissue information of any sample includes tissue density and glycogen content; the tissue information of the reference stained sample is directly queried and acquired by the first acquisition unit; and the tissue information of the sample to be stained is actually measured by the second acquisition unit.

3. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing module includes a statistical unit; the statistical unit is used to calculate the reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained, as follows: Encode each item of reference sample information of each reference staining sample respectively, and form a reference feature vector of each reference staining sample; Encode each reference sample information of the sample to be stained and form a sample feature vector of the sample to be stained; Calculating the similarity between the sample feature vector and each reference feature vector, and extracting reference stained samples corresponding to similarities higher than a preset similarity threshold as similar samples of the sample to be stained; Extract each reference staining parameter of each similar sample in the preparation process; any reference staining parameter is obtained by averaging the corresponding staining parameters of all similar samples; The reference staining parameters include fixation time, reference concentration of periodic acid oxidation solution, oxidation time, staining reagent concentration, differentiation solution concentration, differentiation time, washing times, and washing time.

4. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The data processing module further includes a calculation unit; the calculation unit is configured with a concentration adjustment strategy for adjusting the concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution according to the tissue information of the reference staining sample and the sample to be stained; the concentration adjustment strategy is specifically as follows: Obtaining a reference concentration of the periodic acid oxidation solution; obtaining a tissue density of the sample to be stained; obtaining a glycogen content of the sample to be stained; Obtaining the tissue density of all the similar samples and calculating the average to obtain a reference tissue density; Obtaining the glycogen contents of all the similar samples and calculating the average to obtain a reference glycogen content; The recommended concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution is calculated based on the reference concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution, the tissue density and glycogen content of the sample to be stained, the reference tissue density, and the reference glycogen content.

5. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation unit calculates the recommended concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution, specifically including: calculating the recommended concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution based on the reference concentration of the periodic acid oxidizing solution, the difference between the tissue density of the sample to be stained and the reference tissue density, and the difference between the glycogen content of the sample to be stained and the reference glycogen content.

6. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The detection module includes a first detection unit; the first detection unit is used to detect the ultrasonic reflection intensity and ultrasonic reflection delay of the sample to be stained; the details are as follows: Select N detection points on the outer wall of the dyeing container, where N is a positive integer; At the beginning of staining, ultrasonic waves are sent to the renal tissue slices at each detection point, and reflected waves are received at each detection point; the intensity of the reflected waves at N detection points is recorded and averaged, which is recorded as the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection intensity; the reflection delay time at N detection points is recorded and averaged, which is recorded as the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection delay; the reflection delay time is the time difference between the moment when the reflected wave is received and the moment when the ultrasonic wave is emitted; the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection intensity and the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection delay are sent to the monitoring module; During the staining process, ultrasonic waves are continuously sent to the renal tissue slices at each detection point, and reflected waves are received at each detection point; the intensities of the reflected waves at N detection points are recorded and averaged to obtain real-time ultrasonic reflection intensity; the reflection delay times at N detection points are recorded and averaged to obtain real-time ultrasonic reflection delay; the ultrasonic reflection intensity and ultrasonic reflection delay are sent to the monitoring module in real time.

7. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The detection module further includes a second detection unit; the second detection unit is used to monitor the target pixel ratio of the sample to be stained, as follows: Images of the staining process were taken from above the staining container, including the entire renal biopsy tissue section; Segmenting a slice image from the staining process image; Convert the slice image from RGB space to HSV space and count the hue and saturation of each pixel in the slice image; The second detection unit is provided with a minimum threshold value of hue and the highest threshold , and the minimum threshold of saturation and the highest threshold ; Hue is in the range Medium and saturation is in the range The pixel in is the target pixel; Calculate the ratio of the number of target pixels to the total number of pixels in the slice image , as the target pixel ratio; The target pixel ratio is sent to the monitoring module in real time.

8. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The monitoring module includes a data storage unit and a monitoring unit; wherein the data storage unit is used to store reference staining parameters of the sample to be stained; and the monitoring unit is used to time each staining link and to remind the end of each staining link based on the reference staining parameters.

9. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring unit is configured with a dyeing monitoring strategy for determining whether the dyeing target state is achieved; the dyeing monitoring strategy is specifically as follows: Calculate the change in ultrasonic reflection intensity ; is the difference between the real-time ultrasonic reflection intensity and the initial value of the ultrasonic reflection intensity; Calculate the change in reflection delay time ; is the difference between the real-time reflection delay time and the initial value of the reflection delay time; The monitoring unit is also equipped with a threshold value for the change in ultrasonic reflection intensity. , the change threshold of reflection delay time , target pixel ratio threshold ;like Greater than ,and Greater than ,at the same time Greater than , the dyeing target state is achieved.

10. A quality control system for improving the accuracy of special staining of renal puncture as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: When the dyeing target state is reached, the monitoring unit reminds to end the dyeing process; The statistical unit is also used to provide a dyeing reference time; the dyeing reference time is the maximum value of the dyeing times corresponding to all similar samples; during the dyeing process, the monitoring module times the dyeing link, and if the dyeing target state is not achieved, when the dyeing time reaches the dyeing reference time, the monitoring unit reminds to end the dyeing link.

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