Multi-directional backlight type MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-directional backlight type MicroLED (Light Emitting Diode) light field three-dimensional display device. The light field three-dimensional display device comprises a Micro LED layer (1), a diffusion micro lens array layer (2) and a diffusion layer (3), the micro LED layer is internally provided with a micro LED panel (11); a sub-pixel modulation micro lens array is further arranged in the MicroLED layer, a sub-pixel micro lens (13) is correspondingly configured in the sub-pixel modulation micro lens array for each light-emitting sub-pixel (111) of the MicroLED panel, and the sub-pixel micro lens is used for independently modulating a single light-emitting sub-pixel and modulating the direction of light emitted by the light-emitting pixel (111). The light field three-dimensional display device has the advantages that the observation visual angle is expanded, the optical design is simplified, the brightness and the contrast ratio are high, and the manufacturing cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a light field three-dimensional display technology, and in particular to a multi-directional backlight MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, light field display technology, as an emerging 3D display technology, has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages of providing multi-viewing angles and glasses-free viewing. Light field display creates realistic 3D images and a true perspective experience by simulating light propagation in different directions.

[0003] The existing light field display technology has the following problems:

[0004] 1) Limited display viewing angle: The existing light field 3D display technology often has limited viewing angle expansion effect and cannot provide a wide range of 3D viewing experience;

[0005] 2) Complex structure: Existing light field 3D display technology requires complex optical design and multiple optical components, resulting in complex system structure and high manufacturing cost;

[0006] 3) Energy efficiency issue: The existing light field 3D display technology uses a large number of optical components, which may lead to low energy efficiency and affect the brightness and clarity of the display. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device, which has the advantages of extended viewing angle, simplified optical design, high brightness and high contrast, and low manufacturing cost.

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device, the light field three-dimensional display device includes a MicroLED layer, a diffusion microlens array layer and a diffusion layer; the MicroLED layer includes a MicroLED panel; a sub-pixel modulation microlens array is also provided in the MicroLED layer, and a sub-pixel microlens is correspondingly configured for each luminous sub-pixel of the MicroLED panel in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array, and the sub-pixel microlens is used to individually modulate a single luminous sub-pixel.

[0010] Furthermore, a light guide column is configured for each light-emitting sub-pixel of the MicroLED panel, and the light guide column is disposed between the light-emitting sub-pixel and the sub-pixel microlens.

[0011] Furthermore, all sub-pixel microlenses in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array are arranged in a periodic modulation direction to set the modulation direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the modulation direction periodic arrangement form is specifically as follows: the modulation direction periodic arrangement form has a direction change period; in the two dimensional directions of the sub-pixel modulation microlens array, all sub-pixel microlenses periodically change the modulation direction according to the direction change period; the modulation directions of all sub-pixel microlenses in the entire sub-pixel modulation microlens array are uniformly distributed; the modulation direction of each unit color is uniformly distributed; for the direction of the sub-pixel RGB arrangement, when the direction change period is a multiple of 3, the modulation direction is staggered.

[0013] Furthermore, the direction change period of the periodic arrangement of the modulation directions ranges from 2 to 7.

[0014] Furthermore, the modulation direction periodic arrangement form is a right-leaning, positive left-leaning periodic arrangement form.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the light field three-dimensional display device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1) Extended viewing angle: By modulating the backlight direction of each luminous sub-pixel, the viewing angle of light field display is significantly improved, and users can observe the three-dimensional effect from more angles;

[0017] 2) Simplified optical design: By integrating a sub-pixel modulated microlens array on the MicroLED panel and combining it with a diffusion layer, the complexity of the light field 3D display device is reduced and the use of multi-layer optical components is reduced;

[0018] 3) High brightness and high contrast: The high brightness and high contrast of the MicroLED panel itself, combined with the sub-pixel modulated microlens array and diffusion layer, make the light field display effect more vivid and realistic;

[0019] 4) Improve cost-effectiveness: The combined design of MicroLED panel and sub-pixel modulated microlens array effectively reduces manufacturing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-directional backlight MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a principle diagram of the light field three-dimensional display device of the present invention adopting a right-leaning, central-positive, left-leaning periodic arrangement form;

[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of a periodic arrangement of modulation directions using a direction change period of 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with specific embodiments:

[0024] This embodiment provides a multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device, which achieves good display effects through simple structural improvements, especially greatly improving the display viewing angle.

[0025] Before introducing the light field 3D display device of this embodiment, the existing light field 3D display device is first introduced:

[0026] The existing light field 3D display device mainly includes three components: Figure 1 ) are display panels (equivalent to Figure 1 MicroLED layer 1), microlens array (equivalent to Figure 1 The diffuse microlens array layer 2) and the diffuser plate (equivalent to Figure 1 The diffusion layer 3 in the middle), the three are sequentially stacked and combined together to form the overall structure of the light field three-dimensional display device.

[0027] The working principle of the existing light field 3D display device is as follows:

[0028] The display panel provides a light source, in which each pixel provides a single divergent point light source. The point light source is projected onto the microlens corresponding to the pixel in the microlens array and gathered into directional light. All directional light rays form a light field with different directional information. Since the light is discrete in space, a diffuser is added in space to achieve spatial filtering in the angle dimension or plane dimension, making the light change smoother. In the rendering stage, the light field 3D display realizes stereoscopic display by reconstructing the light distribution emitted by each point in the 3D scene. In this way, the light field 3D display device can achieve a more realistic 3D display effect.

[0029] Next, the light field three-dimensional display device of this embodiment is described in detail:

[0030] The basic structure of the light field 3D display device of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the traditional light field 3D display device. The main difference (innovation) is that each light-emitting sub-pixel on the corresponding MicroLED panel is equipped with a microlens to achieve the modulation effect for each light-emitting sub-pixel. For the traditional light field 3D display device, its light-emitting unit emits 180-degree diffuse light in space. The light field 3D display device of this embodiment emits backlight with certain directional information after modulation of the single-pixel microlens.

[0031] Specifically,

[0032] The light field three-dimensional display device of this embodiment includes a MicroLED layer 1 , a diffusion microlens array layer 2 and a diffusion layer 3 .

[0033] The MicroLED layer 1 includes a MicroLED panel 11, and each luminous sub-pixel 111 of the MicroLED panel 11 is correspondingly configured with a sub-pixel microlens 13. The sub-pixel microlens 13 is used to individually modulate the corresponding single luminous sub-pixel 111, mainly to modulate the direction of light emitted by the luminous sub-pixel 111, so that the light emitted by the MicroLED layer 1 is directional light, and units with the same serial number in different periods have consistent directions.

[0034] All sub-pixel microlenses 13 in the MicroLED layer 1 are combined together to form a microlens array (two-dimensional array). For the convenience of description, the microlens array is defined as a "sub-pixel modulation microlens array".

[0035] After the light emitted by a single luminous sub-pixel 111 passes through the sub-pixel microlens 13, it enters the diffusion microlens array layer 2 in a predetermined modulation direction. Light rays of the same sequence number under different periods form approximately parallel light clusters. After the light clusters are modulated by the diffusion microlens array layer 2, they are converged by nearly parallel light rays, and finally the light is focused on the diffusion layer 3 to form a pixel light spot with a certain viewing area. After being modulated on adjacent diffusion microlenses, light clusters in different directions will converge on the same pixel light spot on the diffusion layer 3 and form complementary viewing areas.

[0036] It should be noted that, in order to allow the light emitted by each luminous sub-pixel 111 to be completely modulated by the sub-pixel microlens 13, a light guide column 12 is configured for each pair of luminous sub-pixels 111 and sub-pixel microlens 13, and the light guide column 12 is arranged between the luminous sub-pixel 111 and the sub-pixel microlens 13. The light guide column 12 plays a role of total reflection light guidance, similar to an optical fiber, so that under the light guiding effect of the light guide column 12, the light emitted by the luminous sub-pixel 111 will be completely modulated by the sub-pixel microlens 13 and then emitted.

[0037] It should be noted that the modulation directions of the sub-pixel microlenses 13 configured for each luminous sub-pixel 111 are not the same. The modulation directions of all sub-pixel microlenses 13 in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array are set in a specific arrangement form. For the convenience of description, the specific arrangement form is defined as "modulation direction periodic arrangement form".

[0038] Specifically, the modulation direction periodic arrangement is as follows:

[0039] 1) The modulation direction periodic arrangement has a certain period, which is defined as "direction change period";

[0040] 2) In the longitudinal direction of the array, all sub-pixel microlenses 13 periodically change the modulation direction according to the direction change period, and in the transverse direction of the array, all sub-pixel microlenses 13 periodically change the modulation direction according to the direction change period;

[0041] That is, in the two dimensional directions of the array, all sub-pixel microlenses 13 periodically change the modulation direction according to the direction change period;

[0042] 3) The modulation directions of all sub-pixel microlenses 13 in the entire sub-pixel modulation microlens array are evenly distributed;

[0043] 4) The modulation direction of each unit color (i.e. R, G, B) is evenly distributed;

[0044] 5) For the direction of the sub-pixel RGB arrangement, when the direction change period is a multiple of 3, in order to ensure that the unit color is evenly distributed in each modulation direction, the modulation direction cannot be arranged sequentially in the period, but must be staggered in a certain way.

[0045] With such a periodic arrangement of modulation directions, after the light emitted by the luminous sub-pixel 111 passes through the sub-pixel modulation microlens array, the light of the same modulation direction under different periods forms a cluster of approximately parallel light rays, and each light cluster is modulated by the diffusion microlens array layer 2 and converges on the diffusion layer 3 to form a luminous point with a certain viewing area. Finally, the light of each modulation direction corresponds to a different viewing area range of the light field display, and the discretely distributed viewing areas are seamlessly spliced ​​into a continuous viewing area. When the viewer moves, the light parameters of adjacent modulation periods can be matched to achieve a dynamic and smooth transition of the viewing angle. Finally, a three-dimensional display with a wide viewing angle is formed on the diffusion layer 3, and the use of MicroLED as a light source has higher brightness and contrast characteristics. At the same time, through the periodic multiplexing of the modulation direction, the discretely distributed viewing areas are seamlessly spliced ​​into a continuous viewing area, while maintaining the independence of the light encoding between each viewing area. Thereby achieving the good effect of high resolution and wide viewing angle compatibility, significantly reducing visual fatigue, and supporting multi-user free movement observation.

[0046] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment, the direction change period used in the modulation direction periodic arrangement form is 3, that is, three modulation directions are set for the sub-pixel microlenses 13 in the sub-pixel modulation microlens array, namely "tilted to the right", "positive" and "tilted to the left". For the convenience of description, such a modulation direction periodic arrangement form is called a right-leaning, positive left-leaning periodic arrangement form.

[0047] In this right-leaning, center-center, and left-leaning periodic arrangement, 1 represents right-leaning, 2 represents center-center, and 3 represents left-leaning. Since the period is a multiple of 3, a certain amount of misalignment is added to the arrangement. In the horizontal direction, the arrangement is in the order of right-leaning, center-center, and left-leaning. In the vertical direction, the arrangement is in the order of right-leaning, left-leaning, center-center. Figure 3 In the display, each monochrome pixel has a different modulation direction, and in the 6×6 display unit, the modulation direction of each unit color is evenly distributed.

[0048] In other embodiments, the direction change period used in the modulation direction periodic arrangement can be set according to the requirements of the required observation area size, such as 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, etc. It should be noted that on the same MicroLed screen, when the direction change period increases, the observation area will increase, and the resolution of a single viewpoint of the three-dimensional display will decrease.

[0049] The light field three-dimensional display device of this embodiment has the advantages that:

[0050] 1) Extended viewing angle: By modulating the backlight direction of each light-emitting sub-pixel 111, the viewing angle of the light field display is significantly improved, and users can observe the stereoscopic three-dimensional effect from more angles;

[0051] 2) Simplified optical design: By integrating a sub-pixel modulated microlens array on the MicroLED panel 11 and combining it with a diffusion layer 3, the complexity of the light field three-dimensional display device is reduced, and the use of multi-layer optical elements is reduced;

[0052] 3) High brightness and high contrast: The high brightness and high contrast of the MicroLED panel 11 itself, combined with the sub-pixel modulated microlens array and the diffusion layer 3, make the light field display effect more vivid and realistic;

[0053] 4) Cost-effectiveness: Due to the combined design of the MicroLED panel 11 and the sub-pixel modulated microlens array, the manufacturing cost is effectively reduced, while the brightness and clarity of the display are improved, achieving a good display effect.

[0054] It should be noted that the diffusion layer 3 mentioned in this embodiment is actually a diffusion plate.

[0055] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional backlight type MicroLED light field three-dimensional display device, the light field three-dimensional display device comprising a MicroLED layer (1), a diffusion microlens array layer (2) and a diffusion layer (3); the MicroLED layer (1) comprises a MicroLED panel (11); Features: A sub-pixel modulation microlens array is also provided in the MicroLED layer (1), wherein each luminous sub-pixel (111) of the MicroLED panel (11) is correspondingly provided with a sub-pixel microlens (13), and the sub-pixel microlens (13) is used to individually modulate a single luminous sub-pixel (111).

2. The multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A light guide column (12) is configured for each light-emitting sub-pixel (111) of the MicroLED panel (11), and the light guide column (12) is arranged between the light-emitting sub-pixel (111) and the sub-pixel microlens (13).

3. The multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device according to claim 1, characterized in that: All sub-pixel micro-lenses (13) in the sub-pixel modulation micro-lens array are arranged in a periodic modulation direction to set the modulation direction.

4. The multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The periodic arrangement of the modulation directions is specifically as follows: The modulation direction periodic arrangement form has a direction change period; In two dimensional directions of the sub-pixel modulation microlens array, all sub-pixel microlenses (13) periodically change the modulation direction according to the direction change period; The modulation directions of all sub-pixel micro-lenses (13) in the entire sub-pixel modulation micro-lens array are uniformly distributed; The modulation direction of each unit color is evenly distributed; For the direction of the sub-pixel RGB arrangement, when the direction change period is a multiple of 3, the modulation direction is staggered.

5. The multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The value range of the direction change period of the periodic arrangement of the modulation directions is 2-7.

6. The multi-directional backlit MicroLED light field 3D display device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The modulation direction periodic arrangement form is a right-leaning, central-left-leaning periodic arrangement form.

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