Common-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and discloses a common-caliber dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna, which comprises an upper-layer metal device, a middle-layer circuit board, a lower-layer metal device and a feed device, the upper-layer metal device and the lower-layer metal device are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle-layer circuit board; the upper-layer metal device comprises an upper-layer metal surface and a first-group connecting device connected to the edge of the upper-layer metal surface, one end of the first-group connecting device is connected with the edge of the upper-layer metal surface, and the other end is connected with a corresponding metal disc on the middle-layer circuit board; the lower-layer metal device comprises a lower-layer metal surface and a second group of connecting devices connected to the edge of the lower-layer metal surface, one end of the second group of connecting devices is connected with the edge of the lower-layer metal surface, and the other end is connected with a corresponding metal disc on the middle-layer circuit board. According to the antenna provided by the invention, a three-layer structure design is introduced, so that the common-caliber design and the lightweight design of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna are realized, and the compatibility of manufacturing cost and high precision is realized by utilizing a surface mounting technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), the demand for high-performance antennas has grown rapidly in areas such as drones, vehicle-mounted communications, and high-precision positioning systems. Traditional GNSS antenna designs usually adopt patch structures, which have been widely used due to their miniaturization, low cost, and ease of manufacturing. However, traditional patch antennas still face technical bottlenecks in the process of miniaturization, such as the dependence on high dielectric constant materials. Although this material can achieve a compact structure, it will increase the weight of the antenna and have an adverse effect on the radiation performance. In addition, the traditional design is also insufficient in frequency tuning capabilities, making it difficult to achieve efficient tuning over a wide frequency range, thereby reducing the applicability and flexibility of the antenna.

[0003] In particular, the limitations of traditional technologies are becoming more apparent when faced with modern applications’ demands for lightweight, multi-band, and high performance. For example, in current technology, dual-band antenna designs usually achieve multi-band functionality through a simple stacking method. This method introduces multiple stacked radiating elements into the antenna structure. However, while achieving dual-band or multi-band functionality, this design exposes the following problems:

[0004] (1) Weight issue: Stacked antennas usually use ceramic substrates to improve electrical performance, but the high density of ceramic materials significantly increases the weight of the antenna, which limits its use in weight-sensitive applications such as drones and portable terminals.

[0005] (2) Mechanical strength and reliability: The stacked design increases the complexity of assembly. Delamination or material damage may occur after long-term use or when subjected to vibration and impact, reducing the long-term reliability of the antenna.

[0006] (3) Bandwidth and gain trade-off: Stacked designs often sacrifice bandwidth and gain in exchange for multi-band coverage, which is difficult to meet in scenarios that require broadband performance or high gain. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a new co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna. Through an innovative three-layer structure design, the antenna abandons the traditional stacking method and high dielectric constant materials and achieves dual-band circular polarization performance.

[0008] In order to have a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a brief summary is given below. This summary is not intended to be a general review, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or to delineate the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its only purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a preface to the detailed description that follows.

[0009] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna is disclosed.

[0010] In one embodiment, a co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna includes:

[0011] An upper metal device, a middle circuit board, a lower metal device and a feeding device; the upper metal device and the lower metal device are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle circuit board;

[0012] The upper metal device includes an upper metal surface and a first group of connecting devices connected to the edge of the upper metal surface, wherein one end of the first group of connecting devices is connected to the edge of the upper metal surface, and the other end is connected to the corresponding metal plate on the middle circuit board;

[0013] The lower metal device includes a lower metal surface and a second group of connecting devices connected to the edge of the lower metal surface. One end of the second group of connecting devices is connected to the edge of the lower metal surface, and the other end is connected to the corresponding metal plate on the middle circuit board.

[0014] Optionally, the upper end of the feeding device is connected to the upper metal device or the middle circuit board or to both the upper metal device and the middle circuit board, and the lower end thereof extends to the lower side of the lower metal device.

[0015] Optionally, the first group of connection devices and / or the second group of connection devices are vertically arranged between the upper metal device, the middle circuit board, and the lower metal device.

[0016] Optionally, the middle-layer circuit board is a single-layer structure, and the middle-layer metal surface and the metal plate are printed simultaneously on a single side of the dielectric substrate;

[0017] Alternatively, the middle-layer circuit board is a double-layer structure, and the middle-layer metal surface and the metal disk corresponding to one group of connecting devices are printed on one side of the dielectric substrate at the same time, and the metal disk corresponding to another group of connecting devices is printed on the other side;

[0018] Alternatively, the middle-layer circuit board is a multi-layer structure, and the middle-layer metal surface and the metal plate are printed on different layers of the dielectric substrate respectively.

[0019] Optionally, a clearance area is provided inside or on the side of the middle metal surface, and the clearance area is a hollowed-out or uncoated portion of the dielectric substrate, which is surrounded by metal structures on all sides, or on three sides, or on two sides.

[0020] Optionally, the middle-layer circuit board is a double-layer structure, including a dielectric substrate, a middle-layer metal surface and a metal plate;

[0021] The middle metal surface is printed on one side of the dielectric substrate, and a clearance area is set inside or on the side thereof, and a metal plate is contained in the clearance area, and the metal plate corresponds to the connection device of the corresponding upper metal device or lower metal device;

[0022] A metal plate is printed on the other side of the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate corresponds to the connecting device of the lower metal device or the upper metal device.

[0023] Optionally, the metal disk in the clearance area is separated from the middle metal surface by a gap, and the gap spacing is much smaller than the antenna wavelength;

[0024] The metal disk outside the clearance area is separated from the middle metal surface by a dielectric substrate, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is much smaller than the antenna wavelength;

[0025] The maximum width of the metal disk is much smaller than the antenna wavelength.

[0026] Optionally, the metal pad is a pad, or a conductive line, or a microstrip line, or a printed metal pattern.

[0027] Optionally, the upper metal surface is a polygonal, polygonal, circular, elliptical, annular, fan-shaped, or special-shaped structure;

[0028] The middle metal surface is a polygonal, multi-sided, circular, elliptical, annular, fan-shaped, or special-shaped structure;

[0029] The lower metal surface is a polygonal, multi-sided, circular, elliptical, annular, fan-shaped, or special-shaped structure.

[0030] Optionally, the upper metal surface, the middle metal surface or the lower metal surface further includes a groove and / or a gap structure.

[0031] Optionally, the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is circular, the number of connecting devices corresponding to the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is three, and the angle range of the connecting line of the three connecting devices on the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is 45° to 90°.

[0032] Optionally, one or more connecting devices are arranged between two adjacent connecting devices.

[0033] Optionally, the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is circular, the number of connecting devices corresponding to the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is four, and the included angle of the four connecting devices on the diagonal of the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface ranges from 70° to 110°.

[0034] Optionally, one or more connecting devices are arranged between two adjacent connecting devices.

[0035] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device is disclosed.

[0036] In one embodiment, the electronic device includes the antenna structure described in any one of the above optional embodiments.

[0037] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0038] (1) The dielectric substrate does not rely on polymer materials, which greatly reduces the weight and size of the antenna. It can also reduce the impact of high dielectric constant materials on antenna radiation and improve radiation performance.

[0039] (2) By introducing a three-layer structure design, the co-aperture design and lightweight design of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna are achieved, and the surface mount technology (SMT) is used to achieve compatibility between production cost and high precision.

[0040] (3) The antenna shape and the number and type of connecting devices can be flexibly selected, with strong plasticity and structural conformality.

[0041] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0043] Figure 1a It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of a co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna;

[0044] Figure 1b It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of a co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna;

[0045] Figure 1c It is a schematic diagram of the decomposition and connection relationship of an embodiment of a co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna;

[0046] Figure 2a is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of an upper metal device;

[0047] Figure 2b is a plan view of an embodiment of an upper metal device;

[0048] Figure 3a is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of a middle-layer circuit board;

[0049] Figure 3bis a top view of an embodiment of a middle layer circuit board;

[0050] Figure 3c is an electric field distribution diagram of a first metal plate and a third metal plate in one embodiment of a middle layer circuit board;

[0051] Figure 3d is a bottom view of an embodiment of a middle layer circuit board;

[0052] Figure 4a is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of a lower metal device;

[0053] Figure 4b is a plan view of an embodiment of a lower metal device;

[0054] Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an upper metal device;

[0055] Figure 5b is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an upper metal device;

[0056] Figure 5c is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of an upper metal device;

[0057] Figure 5d is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of an upper metal device;

[0058] Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a lower metal device;

[0059] Figure 6b is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a lower metal device;

[0060] Figure 6c is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of a lower metal device;

[0061] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an upper metal device;

[0062] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an upper metal device;

[0063] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of various forms of the upper metal surface, the lower metal surface or the middle metal surface;

[0064] Fig.10a is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a clearance area and a metal plate of a middle layer circuit board;

[0065] Fig.10b is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a clearance area and a metal plate of a middle layer circuit board;

[0066] Fig.11a It is a reflection coefficient diagram of the co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of the present invention in simulation;

[0067] Fig.11b It is the planar radiation diagram of the co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of the present invention on the yz plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following description and accompanying drawings fully illustrate the specific embodiments of this article so that those skilled in the art can practice them. Parts and features of some embodiments may be included in or replace parts and features of other embodiments. The scope of the embodiments of this article includes the entire scope of the claims, as well as all available equivalents of the claims. Herein, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one element from another, without requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between these elements. In fact, the first element can also be called the second element, and vice versa. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the structure, device or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also include elements inherent to such structure, device or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the structure, device or equipment including the elements. Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner herein, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0069] The terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. in this document indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this document and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of this document, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can also be the internal communication of two elements, it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0070] In this article, the capacitive element has a capacitance component and can be a lumped element, such as a chip capacitor, a varactor diode, a transistor, etc., or a distributed element, such as a parallel wire, a transmission line, etc. The inductive element has an inductive component and can be a lumped element, such as a chip inductor, a chip resistor, etc., or a distributed element, such as a wire, a coil, etc.

[0071] As used herein, the term "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise specified.

[0072] Herein, unless otherwise specified, numerical ranges include endpoint values, and “above” and “below” include the numbers themselves.

[0073] In this document, the character " / " indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0074] In this article, the term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or, A and B.

[0075] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0076] The present invention proposes a new type of co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna. Through the innovative three-layer structure design, the antenna abandons the traditional stacking method and high dielectric constant materials and achieves dual-band circular polarization performance. This design not only greatly reduces the weight of the antenna, but also significantly improves the gain and bandwidth performance by optimizing the radiation magnetic flux and orthogonal mode design. Compared with the traditional stacking design, the antenna integrates dual-frequency functions through the co-aperture method, which not only reduces the manufacturing difficulty and cost, but also achieves a good balance between volume, weight and performance. It is particularly suitable for scenarios with strict requirements on lightweight and multi-function, such as drones, vehicle-mounted communications and wearable devices, and provides a new technical direction and efficient solutions for the development of GNSS antennas.

[0077] The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0078] Figure 1a A three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of a co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of the present invention is shown. Figure 1b For its cross-sectional structure diagram, Figure 1c The figure is a schematic diagram of the decomposition and connection relationship of the antenna (the feeding structure is not included, and the dotted lines are used to represent the connection relationship between the various structures).

[0079] like Figure 1a to Figure 1cAs shown, a co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna includes: an upper metal device 100, a middle circuit board 300, a lower metal device 200 and a feeding device 400. The upper metal device 100 and the lower metal device 200 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle circuit board 300, and are electrically connected through a connecting device to form a working mechanism together.

[0080] The upper metal device 100 and the middle circuit board 300 are electrically connected through a first set of connecting devices, and cooperate to generate a circularly polarized signal of the first frequency band. The main function of the first set of connecting devices is to lead the radiated electric field (magnetic current) of the upper metal surface 101 to the middle circuit board 300, so as to use the middle circuit board 300 to generate a radiated magnetic current working in the first frequency band, and at the same time provide fixation and support for the antenna structure, significantly improving the practicality and reliability of the miniaturized design. The lower metal device 200 and the middle circuit board 300 are electrically connected through a second set of connecting devices, and cooperate to generate a circularly polarized signal of the second frequency band, so as to achieve dual-band signal coverage. The main function of the second set of connecting devices is to lead the radiated electric field (magnetic current) of the lower metal surface 201 to the middle circuit board 300, so as to use the middle circuit board 300 to generate a radiated magnetic current working in the second frequency band, and at the same time provide fixation and support for the antenna structure, significantly improving the practicality and reliability of the miniaturized design.

[0081] The upper metal device 100 includes an upper metal surface 101 and a first group of connecting devices connected to the edge of the upper metal surface. One end of the first group of connecting devices is connected to the edge of the upper metal surface 101, and the other end is connected to the corresponding metal plate on the middle circuit board.

[0082] The lower metal device 200 includes a lower metal surface 201 and a second group of connecting devices connected to the edge of the lower metal surface. One end of the second group of connecting devices is connected to the edge of the lower metal surface 201, and the other end is connected to the corresponding metal plate on the middle circuit board.

[0083] Optionally, the middle-layer circuit board can be a single-layer structure, that is, the middle-layer metal surface and the metal disk are printed on a single side of the dielectric substrate at the same time. Optionally, the middle-layer circuit board can also be a double-layer structure, that is, the middle-layer metal surface and the metal disk corresponding to one group of connecting devices are printed on a single side of the dielectric substrate at the same time, and the metal disk corresponding to another group of connecting devices is printed on the other side. Optionally, the middle-layer circuit board can also be a multi-layer structure, that is, the middle-layer metal surface and the metal disk are printed on different layers of the dielectric substrate respectively, so as to meet the needs of diverse application scenarios.

[0084] Optionally, the upper metal device 100 , the middle circuit board 300 , and the lower metal device 200 are arranged in parallel.

[0085] Optionally, the connection device is vertically arranged between the upper metal device 100 , the middle circuit board 300 , and the lower metal device 200 .

[0086] Optionally, the upper end of the feeding device 400 is connected to the upper metal device 100, and extends to the lower side of the lower metal device 200 through the perforations on the middle circuit board 300 and the lower metal device 200, thereby connecting to the RF module or the RF chip on the mainboard to complete the antenna feeding task.

[0087] In other embodiments, the upper end of the feeding device can be connected to the upper metal device, or can be connected to the middle circuit board, or can be connected to the upper metal device and the middle circuit board at the same time, and the lower end of the feeding device extends to the lower side of the lower metal device, thereby connecting to the RF module or the RF chip on the mainboard to complete the antenna feeding task.

[0088] Optionally, the middle layer circuit board 300 further includes a first through hole 310, and the feeding device 400 passes through the entire middle layer circuit board 300 through the first through hole 310, while ensuring that it is electrically isolated from other metal structures of the middle layer circuit board 300 to avoid short circuit. The lower layer metal device 200 further includes a second through hole 202, and the feeding device 400 passes through the lower layer metal device 200 through the second through hole 202 without short circuiting with its metal structure.

[0089] Of course, the above-mentioned implementation of the feeding device is only illustrative, and those skilled in the art can design a suitable feeding device or select a suitable feeding quantity according to design requirements.

[0090] In addition, the feeding device 400 can adopt coaxial feeding or probe feeding, with its upper end connected to the upper metal device 100 and its lower end connected to the RF power supply for inputting RF signals to the antenna. In other embodiments, the antenna performance can be further optimized by multiple feeding devices. For example, if two feeding devices are used, signals with equal amplitudes and 90 degrees phase difference can be input respectively, thereby generating a broadband circularly polarized signal, which significantly improves the stability of the signal and the stability of the phase center. In addition, by using three or four feed lines for differential feeding and accurately controlling the phase difference and amplitude of each feed line, high-performance circularly polarized signal output can also be achieved.

[0091] In the case of using multiple feeding devices, the performance of circularly polarized signals can be further improved by reasonably designing the feeding circuit at the RF end. Through multi-layer design and precise control, this structure achieves efficient magnetic current distribution, stable output of circularly polarized signals, and miniaturization and lightweight of the antenna, providing strong support for the realization of multi-band co-aperture antennas. In the case of using multiple feeding devices, it is necessary to ensure that all feeding devices are not short-circuited with each other, and that all feeding devices are not in contact with other metal parts on the middle-layer circuit board and the lower-layer metal device, so as to maintain the electrical integrity and signal stability of the antenna and ensure the stability and reliability of the feeding system.

[0092] Figure 2a and Figure 2b A three-dimensional structural diagram and a planar development diagram of an embodiment of an upper metal device 100 are respectively shown.

[0093] according to Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown in the figure, the upper metal device 100 includes a circular upper metal surface 101, and a first connecting device 11, a second connecting device 12, a third connecting device 13 and a fourth connecting device 14 connected to the side of the upper metal surface 101. Optionally, the above-mentioned connecting devices are respectively located at the first equal division point, the second equal division point, the third equal division point and the fourth equal division point on the circumference of the upper metal surface 101.

[0094] Figure 3a to Figure 3c The structure diagram of the middle layer circuit board 300 is shown, wherein: Figure 3a is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the middle layer circuit board 300. Figure 3b is a top view of the middle layer circuit board 300 (opposite to the upper layer metal device side), Figure 3c is the electric field distribution diagram of the first metal disk 301b and the third metal disk 303b, Figure 3d It is a bottom view of the middle layer circuit board 300 (the side opposite to the lower layer metal device).

[0095] like Figure 3a and 3b As shown, combined with Figure 1b The middle circuit board 300 adopts a double-layer circuit board structure, which is composed of a dielectric substrate 300b and a middle metal surface 300a printed on the side of the dielectric substrate 300b opposite to the upper metal device. The dielectric substrate 300b provides a basis for mechanical support and electrical performance, and is used to simultaneously support the upper metal device 100 and the lower metal device 200.

[0096] The geometric shape of the middle metal surface 300a is designed to be a rectangle, and its area is greater than or equal to the upper metal surface 101. This layout not only optimizes the coupling efficiency with the upper metal device and the middle circuit board 300, but also ensures the normal radiation of the antenna. The middle metal surface 300a contains four clearance areas: the first clearance area 301a, the second clearance area 302a, the third clearance area 303a and the fourth clearance area 304a. These clearance areas are all hollowed out or uncoated parts on the dielectric substrate 300b, located inside the middle metal surface 300a and surrounded by the metal structure around it. Each clearance area contains a corresponding metal disk, namely the first metal disk 301b, the second metal disk 302b, the third metal disk 303b and the fourth metal disk 304b, and the above metal disks are opposite to the upper metal device 100.

[0097] The first metal disk 301b, the second metal disk 302b, the third metal disk 303b, and the fourth metal disk 304b are all printed on the front of the dielectric substrate 300b and separated from the middle metal surface 300a by gaps; the gap spacing is much smaller than the antenna wavelength, generally not more than 1% of the wavelength. The gap spacing and the facing area of ​​the metal disk can be precisely controlled to achieve charge storage and enhance the radiation electric field of the antenna, which can not only reduce the operating frequency of the antenna and realize the miniaturization of the antenna, but also generate the first frequency band radiation magnetic flux to ensure the radiation performance of the antenna. It should be noted that the area of ​​these metal disks is much smaller than the total area of ​​the middle metal surface 300a, usually not more than 10% of it, or the maximum width of the metal disk is much smaller than the antenna wavelength, generally not more than 5% of the wavelength.

[0098] In conjunction with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the first connecting device 11 is connected to the first metal plate 301b, the second connecting device 12 is connected to the second metal plate 302b, the third connecting device 13 is connected to the third metal plate 303b, and the fourth connecting device 14 is connected to the fourth metal plate 304b. This connection relationship strictly corresponds in quantity and position, and the metal plate is located directly below the connecting device, thereby ensuring mechanical stability and electrical reliability. Through this design, the upper metal device 100 can be firmly installed on the upper side of the middle circuit board 300 through surface mounting technology (SMT) or plug-in (DIP) technology, while achieving miniaturization and lightweight of the antenna.

[0099] Figure 3c Enlarged images of the first metal disk 301b and the third metal disk 303b are shown to further explain the electric field distribution and radiation mechanism of the celestial antenna.

[0100] like Figure 3c As shown, by sequentially connecting the upper metal surface 101, the first connecting device 11 and the first metal disk 301b, a significant fringe field effect will be generated around the first metal disk 301b and in the corresponding first clearance area 301a. By sequentially connecting the upper metal surface 101, the third connecting device 13 and the third metal disk 303b, a fringe field effect in the opposite direction to that of the first metal disk will be generated in the third metal disk 303b and its corresponding third clearance area 303a. Through this electric field distribution, a first radiating magnetic current is formed, thereby establishing a first antenna resonance mode.

[0101] Similarly, the second metal disk 302b and its corresponding second clearance area 302a, as well as the fourth metal disk 304b and its corresponding fourth clearance area 304a, respectively generate fringe field effects in opposite directions to construct a second radiating magnetic flux, thereby realizing a second antenna resonance mode. By precisely controlling the intensity and phase of the two radiating magnetic fluxes, these magnetic fluxes can form two modes with orthogonal characteristics (i.e., the first antenna resonance mode and the second antenna resonance mode are orthogonal to each other), and achieve efficient circularly polarized radiation signal output within the first frequency band.

[0102] Figure 3d FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the middle layer circuit board 300 (opposite to the lower layer metal device side). Figure 3d , and combined with Figure 3a On the back of the dielectric substrate 300b, the fifth metal plate 31, the sixth metal plate 32, the seventh metal plate 33 and the eighth metal plate 34 are printed. The above metal plates are respectively located below the middle metal surface 300a and are separated by the dielectric substrate 300b; the thickness of the separation, that is, the thickness of the dielectric substrate, is generally much smaller than the antenna wavelength. It should be noted that the area of ​​these metal plates is much smaller than the total area of ​​the middle metal surface 300a, usually not exceeding 10% thereof, or the maximum width of the metal plates is much smaller than the antenna wavelength, generally not exceeding 5% of the wavelength.

[0103] Figure 4a shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower metal device 200, Figure 4b An expanded plan view of the underlying metal device 200 is shown.

[0104] like Figure 4a and Figure 4b As shown, the lower metal device 200 includes a lower metal surface 201 and a second group of connecting devices connected to the side of the lower metal surface 201, which are respectively a fifth connecting device 21, a sixth connecting device 22, a seventh connecting device 23 and an eighth connecting device 24. Optionally, the lower metal surface 201 is a rectangular structure, and the second group of connecting devices are arranged perpendicular to the lower metal surface 201 and are respectively located at the four corners of the rectangle.

[0105] In conjunction with the above-mentioned figures, the fifth connecting device 21 is connected to the fifth metal disk 31, the sixth connecting device 22 is connected to the sixth metal disk 32, the seventh connecting device 23 is connected to the seventh metal disk 33, and the eighth connecting device 24 is connected to the eighth metal disk 34. The above-mentioned connecting devices and metal disks are strictly corresponding in number, and the metal disks are all located directly above the connecting devices, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the connection. Through this design, the lower metal device 200 can be firmly installed on the lower side of the middle circuit board 300 through processes such as surface mounting technology (SMT) and plug-in (DIP), while maintaining the compactness and electrical continuity of the structure.

[0106] The above-mentioned connection method generates a significant fringe field effect between the fifth metal disk 31 and the middle metal surface 300a, while a fringe field effect in the opposite direction is generated between the seventh metal disk 33 and the middle metal surface 300a, thereby constructing a third radiating magnetic current and establishing a third antenna resonance mode. Similarly, the fringe field effects between the sixth metal disk 32 and the middle metal surface 300a, and between the eighth metal disk 34 and the middle metal surface 300a construct a fourth radiating magnetic current and establish a fourth antenna resonance mode. By regulating the size and phase of these two orthogonal radiating magnetic currents, these magnetic currents can form two modes with orthogonal characteristics, that is, the third antenna resonance mode and the fourth antenna resonance mode are orthogonal to each other, and efficient circularly polarized signal output can be achieved within the second frequency band. Combined with Figure 3d By adjusting one or more of the thickness of the partition, i.e., the thickness of the dielectric substrate, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 300b, and the facing area of ​​the metal disk, the charge storage can be further optimized and the radiation electric field of the antenna can be enhanced, which can not only reduce the operating frequency of the antenna and realize the miniaturization of the antenna, but also generate the second frequency band radiation magnetic current to ensure the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0107] In summary, the side of the dielectric substrate 300b facing the upper metal device 100 is printed with the middle metal surface 300a and the first metal plate 301b, the second metal plate 302b, the third metal plate 303b and the fourth metal plate 304b, and these metal plates are respectively connected to the four connecting devices (11, 12, 13, 14) of the upper metal device 100; and the side of the dielectric substrate 300b facing the lower metal device 200 is printed with the fifth metal plate 31, the sixth metal plate 32, the seventh metal plate 33 and the eighth metal plate 34, and these metal plates correspond to the four connecting devices (21, 22, 23, 24) connected to the lower metal device 200.

[0108] In this embodiment, the middle circuit board 300 adopts a double-layer circuit board structure, which has the advantages of simple installation and applicability to surface mounting technology, thereby reducing costs while ensuring structural stability.

[0109] It is worth noting that the co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of the present invention abandons high dielectric constant dielectric materials (such as ceramics) in design, and instead uses air dielectrics or other low dielectric constant materials in combination, thereby simplifying the structure, reducing weight and improving design flexibility. At the same time, by arranging the upper metal device 100 and the lower metal device 200 on the upper and lower sides of the middle circuit board 300, respectively, and jointly utilizing the middle circuit board 300 as part of the radiation structure, dual-frequency resonance is successfully achieved. This design makes the size of the antenna less than 0.25λ0×0.25λ0 (where λ0 is the free space wavelength at the operating frequency), which is significantly better than the traditional design with a size of approximately 0.5λ0×0.5λ0.

[0110] In addition, the connection devices in the upper metal device 100 and the lower metal device 200 can adopt a variety of conductive structures (such as conductive films, conductive coatings or other conductive materials) to adapt to the diverse manufacturing process requirements while ensuring the stability and consistency of antenna performance. This flexible design is suitable for the development of various miniaturized antennas and meets the needs of different application scenarios.

[0111] Figure 5a Taking the upper metal device 100 of the present invention as an example, the working principle of the antenna is further explained. Figure 5a As shown, combined with Figure 2b , the first connecting device 11, the second connecting device 12, the third connecting device 13 and the fourth connecting device 14 are all distributed in the edge area of ​​the upper metal surface 101, which not only maximizes the effective radiation area of ​​the antenna, but also further optimizes the radiation performance. The angle α between the connection line of the first connecting device 11 and the third connecting device 13 and the connection line of the second connecting device 12 and the fourth connecting device 14 is designed to be 90 degrees. This geometric layout ensures the orthogonality and signal stability between the first radiating magnetic flux and the second radiating magnetic flux, while enhancing the radiation electric field of the antenna and realizing the miniaturization of the upper metal device 100. It is the generation of this orthogonal electric field component that enables the antenna to generate efficient circularly polarized signals by adjusting the frequency difference between the two orthogonal modes, or introducing differential feeding technology and other means.

[0112] In other embodiments, to meet different design requirements, the angle α between the connecting line of the first connecting device 11 and the third connecting device 13 and the connecting line of the second connecting device 12 and the fourth connecting device 14 can be adjusted within the range of 70° to 110°, thereby taking into account both design flexibility and performance stability.

[0113] To further optimize the antenna performance, one or more connection devices may be added between the first connection device 11 and the second connection device 12, between the second connection device 12 and the third connection device 13, between the third connection device 13 and the fourth connection device 14, or between the fourth connection device 14 and the first connection device 11. This extended design provides flexibility for further improving the antenna performance, and can adjust the number and position of the connection devices according to different needs, significantly improve the electric field distribution and enhance the radiation effect.

[0114] like Figure 5b As shown, in Figure 5aBased on the above, an optimized design is carried out, and the number of edge connection devices of the upper metal surface 101 is increased to 8 (numbered 11 to 18). These connection devices are evenly distributed between the existing connection devices of the upper metal surface, that is, each connection device is set at the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth points of the circumference of the upper metal surface, further optimizing the electric field distribution and radiation performance. The main effects of this optimized design include:

[0115] (1) Uniformity of radiated electric field: By adding a connection device, the electric field distribution of the antenna is effectively improved, avoiding the hot spot effect caused by the electric field being concentrated in a local area, thereby improving the overall performance.

[0116] (2) Phase center stability: The optimized connection layout eliminates the problem of uneven signal distribution, enhances the stability of the phase center, and ensures the output quality of circularly polarized signals.

[0117] It should be noted that the number of connection devices in the upper metal device 100 corresponds to the number of clearance areas and the number of metal plates in the clearance areas shown in FIG3. This design ensures effective connection and assembly between the upper metal device 100 and the middle circuit board 300. Each connection device accurately corresponds to a metal plate in a clearance area, so that the entire structure has high electrical and mechanical stability.

[0118] Figure 5c Another embodiment of the connection device in the upper metal device 100 is shown. Figure 5c As shown, the upper metal surface 101 is circular, and the first connecting device 11, the second connecting device 12 and the third connecting device 13 are respectively located at the first, second and third equally divided points of the circumference of the circular metal surface 101, and the internal angles α1, α2 and α3 of the triangle formed by the connecting lines of their positions are all 60°, thereby ensuring the symmetry of the geometric structure. This symmetrical design supports the construction of two orthogonal radiation modes. In other embodiments, the triangle angles α1, α2 and α3 formed by the connecting lines of the first connecting device 11, the second connecting device 12 and the third connecting device 13 can be designed in the range of 45° to 90° to adapt to different design requirements, thereby providing flexibility and optimizing performance.

[0119] In addition, according to the Characteristic Mode Theory, the triangular patch antenna can also support two orthogonal radiation modes. However, the special geometric characteristics of the triangle make its radiation pattern more complex, so the position design of the connecting device needs to be precisely optimized. This design reflects the uniqueness of the triangular patch antenna in miniaturized design. If the angle of the triangle formed by the connection lines of the three connecting devices is kept in the range of 45° to 90°, the antenna can be ensured to have good circular polarization radiation performance. If the angle is less than 45° or greater than 90°, it may cause unevenness in the intensity of the two orthogonal radiation modes, thereby affecting the orthogonality and phase matching of the electric field, and it is difficult to generate a stable circularly polarized signal. Therefore, choosing a reasonable angle range (45° to 90°) is the key to achieving uniform pattern strength, good orthogonality and stable circularly polarized signals.

[0120] exist Figure 5d Based on the embodiment shown, one or more connecting devices are added between the existing connecting devices, such as Figure 5d As shown, by adding the fourth connecting device 14, the fifth connecting device 15 and the sixth connecting device 16, six evenly distributed connecting devices are formed, and the six connecting devices are respectively located at the first to sixth equally divided points on the circumference of the circular upper metal surface, which optimizes the radiation performance and signal stability of the antenna. Among them, the fourth connecting device 14 is located at the midpoint between the first connecting device 11 and the second connecting device 12; the fifth connecting device 15 is located at the midpoint between the second connecting device 12 and the third connecting device 13; the sixth connecting device 16 is located at the midpoint between the first connecting device 11 and the third connecting device 13. This symmetrical distribution improves the uniformity of the electric field and enhances the radiation effect and signal stability of the antenna.

[0121] Of course, the newly added connection device can be set at any position between the two existing connection devices. This flexible design allows the number and position of the connection devices to be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby further enhancing the electric field distribution and signal performance. At the same time, by adjusting the angle and the number of connection devices, the upper metal device 100 can adapt to different frequency requirements and application scenarios.

[0122] Figure 6a and Figure 6b Taking the lower metal device 200 in the present invention as an example, the working principle of the antenna of the present invention is further explained. Figure 6a and Figure 6b As shown, combined with Figure 4b, the fifth connecting device 21, the sixth connecting device 22, the seventh connecting device 23 and the eighth connecting device 24 are all located in the edge area of ​​the lower metal surface 201, so as to maximize the effective radiation area of ​​the antenna and improve the radiation performance. The angle α between the connection line of the fourth connecting device 21 and the sixth connecting device 23 and the connection line of the seventh connecting device 22 and the eighth connecting device 24 is designed to be 90 degrees. This geometric structure ensures the orthogonality between the third radiating magnetic flux and the fourth radiating magnetic flux, while enhancing the radiation electric field of the antenna and realizing the miniaturization of the lower metal device 200. By adjusting the frequency difference between the two orthogonal modes, or introducing differential feeding technology, efficient circularly polarized signal output can be achieved.

[0123] In other embodiments, to meet different structural requirements, the angle α between the connection line of the fourth connecting device 21 and the sixth connecting device 23 and the connection line of the seventh connecting device 22 and the eighth connecting device 24 can be adjusted to a range of 70° to 110° to ensure design flexibility and performance stability.

[0124] To further optimize the performance, one or more connecting devices can be added between two adjacent connecting devices, that is, the newly added connecting devices can be arranged between: the fifth connecting device 21 and the sixth connecting device 22; between the sixth connecting device 22 and the seventh connecting device 23; between the seventh connecting device 23 and the eighth connecting device 24; between the eighth connecting device 24 and the fifth connecting device 21. This flexible expansion design enables the antenna to adapt to different application requirements, and by adjusting the number and layout of the connecting devices, the electric field distribution of the antenna is further improved and the performance is enhanced.

[0125] like Figure 6c As shown, in Figure 6a and Figure 6b Based on the above, an optimized design is carried out, and 8 metal connection devices are set on the side of the lower metal surface 201, including the original 21 to 24 (located at the first, second, third and fourth corners of the rectangle), and the newly added 25 to 28 (located at the midpoint between the first corner and the second corner, the midpoint between the second corner and the third corner, the midpoint between the third corner and the fourth corner, and the midpoint between the fourth corner and the first corner). This design optimizes the electric field distribution and improves the antenna performance, especially in terms of the uniformity of the radiated electric field and the stability of the phase center.

[0126] It is worth noting that the number of connecting devices in the lower metal device 200 corresponds to the number of metal plates printed on the back of the dielectric substrate 300b in Figure 3. This correspondence ensures the effective connection and assembly of the lower metal device 200 and the middle circuit board 300, and enhances the mechanical stability of the structure and the consistency of electrical performance.

[0127] exist Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the figure, for the convenience of description, only the planar expansion diagram of the upper metal device 100 is shown. Through this flexible design, the adaptability and performance of the antenna are further expanded, while achieving lightness and miniaturization.

[0128] like Figure 7 As shown, the upper metal surface 101 is a triangular structure, and includes a first connecting device 11, a second connecting device 12, and a third connecting device 13. The above three connecting devices are respectively located at the three corners of the triangular upper metal surface, and the internal angles α1, α2, and α3 of the lines connecting the connection points of the three connecting devices on the upper metal surface are all 60°. In order to achieve the best performance, the upper metal surface 101 is preferably an equilateral triangle or other triangle with a symmetrical structure. The first connecting device 11, the second connecting device 12, and the third connecting device 13 are all located at the edge area of ​​the upper metal surface 101, which maximizes the effective radiation area of ​​the antenna, thereby significantly improving the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0129] In addition, according to the Characteristic Mode Theory, the triangular patch antenna can also support two orthogonal radiation modes. However, the special geometric characteristics of the triangle make its radiation pattern more complex, so the position design of the connecting device needs to be precisely optimized. This design reflects the uniqueness of the triangular patch antenna in miniaturized design. If the angle of the triangle formed by the connection lines of the three connecting devices is kept in the range of 45° to 90°, the antenna can be ensured to have good circular polarization radiation performance. If the angle is less than 45° or greater than 90°, it may cause unevenness in the intensity of the two orthogonal radiation modes, thereby affecting the orthogonality and phase matching of the electric field, and it is difficult to generate a stable circularly polarized signal. Therefore, choosing a reasonable angle range (45° to 90°) is the key to achieving uniform pattern strength, good orthogonality and stable circularly polarized signals.

[0130] To further optimize the antenna performance, one or more connecting devices may be added between the two connecting devices, namely: between the first connecting device 11 and the second connecting device 12; between the second connecting device 12 and the third connecting device 13; between the first connecting device 11 and the third connecting device 13. This flexible and scalable design enables the antenna to adapt to diverse application requirements, and further improves the antenna performance by adjusting the number and position of the connecting devices.

[0131] exist Figure 7 Based on the embodiment shown, an optimized design is carried out, such as Figure 8As shown, by adding a fourth connecting device 14, a fifth connecting device 15 and a sixth connecting device 16 between the existing connecting devices, the electric field distribution and radiation performance of the upper metal surface 101 are further improved. These newly added connecting devices are all arranged at the midpoint of the edge of the upper metal surface: the fourth connecting device 14 is located at the midpoint between the first connecting device 11 and the second connecting device 12; the fifth connecting device 15 is located at the midpoint between the second connecting device 12 and the third connecting device 13; the sixth connecting device 16 is located at the midpoint between the first connecting device 11 and the third connecting device 13. This optimized arrangement significantly improves the electric field uniformity of the metal surface, and enhances the radiation performance of the antenna and the stability of phase matching.

[0132] Fig. 9 The invention shows a variety of morphological options for the upper metal surface 101, the lower metal surface 201 or the middle metal surface 300b, further expanding the applicability of the invention. The shapes may be polygonal, polygonal, circular, elliptical, annular, fan-shaped, or irregular structures, or slotted structures or gap-loaded structures of the above structures to meet diverse application requirements. For example, the polygonal design can enhance symmetry, thereby optimizing the electric field distribution; the annular design further reduces the overall weight and reduces the amount of material used through the internal hollow structure. In addition, by adding slotted and gap designs, more efficient performance optimization and structural miniaturization can be achieved to adapt to diverse application requirements.

[0133] like Fig.10a and 10b As shown, combined with Figure 3b , showing some other optional schemes for the clearance area and metal plate of the middle-layer circuit board 300. The middle-layer metal surface 300a includes a first clearance area 301a, a second clearance area 302a, a third clearance area 303a and a fourth clearance area 304a. These clearance areas are located on the side of the middle-layer metal surface, and are hollowed out or uncoated parts on the dielectric substrate 300b. Three or two sides are surrounded by the metal surface, and the other side remains open. Corresponding metal plates are arranged inside each clearance area, including a first metal plate 301b, a second metal plate 302b, a third metal plate 303b and a fourth metal plate 304b. These metal plates are printed together with the middle-layer metal surface 300a on the front of the dielectric substrate 300b.

[0134] The metal disk is separated from the middle metal surface 300a by a gap, and the width of the gap and the area facing the metal disk can be precisely controlled to regulate the characteristics of charge storage and radiated magnetic flux. In other design schemes, these metal disks can also use wires, microstrip lines or other printed metal patterns (such as finger-shaped or staggered structures) to further optimize the magnetic flux distribution and antenna performance by adjusting their geometric shapes. This flexible design enables the middle circuit board 300 to meet the needs of various scenarios and provides more implementation paths for the high efficiency and miniaturization of antennas.

[0135] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the structure of the upper metal device can be applied to the lower metal device, and the structure of the lower metal device can also be applied to the upper metal device. The two can adopt the same structure or different structures.

[0136] The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of the present invention has the following three characteristics:

[0137] (1) The dielectric substrate does not rely on polymer materials, which greatly reduces the weight and size of the antenna. It can also reduce the impact of high dielectric constant materials on antenna radiation and improve radiation performance.

[0138] (2) By introducing a three-layer structure design, the co-aperture design and lightweight design of the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna are achieved, and the surface mount technology (SMT) is used to achieve compatibility between production cost and high precision.

[0139] (3) The antenna shape and the number and type of connecting devices can be flexibly selected, with strong plasticity and structural conformality.

[0140] FIG11 is a diagram showing the performance parameters of the co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of the present invention obtained by simulation. Figure 11a-Figure 11b , Fig.11a is the reflection coefficient of the co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna of the present invention in simulation, Fig.11b It is the planar radiation diagram of the antenna in the yz plane in the embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that the working frequency band of the antenna is the L1 and L2 frequency bands, and a right-hand circularly polarized wave is generated above the antenna, which can be widely used in high-precision positioning systems. In addition, the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention generates a stable wide beam, and the main lobe gain can be as high as 6dB or more.

[0141] In some other optional embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention further provide an electronic device, which includes the co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna described in any of the above optional embodiments. For example, the electronic device is a vehicle-mounted station or a drone.

[0142] The present invention is not limited to the structures which have been described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna, characterized in that: include: An upper metal device, a middle circuit board, a lower metal device and a feeding device; The upper metal device and the lower metal device are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle circuit board; The upper metal device includes an upper metal surface and a first group of connecting devices connected to the edge of the upper metal surface, wherein one end of the first group of connecting devices is connected to the edge of the upper metal surface, and the other end is connected to the corresponding metal plate on the middle circuit board; The lower metal device includes a lower metal surface and a second group of connecting devices connected to the edge of the lower metal surface. One end of the second group of connecting devices is connected to the edge of the lower metal surface, and the other end is connected to the corresponding metal plate on the middle circuit board.

2. A co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the feeding device is connected to the upper metal device or the middle circuit board or to both the upper metal device and the middle circuit board, and the lower end thereof extends to the lower side of the lower metal device.

3. The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first group of connection devices and / or the second group of connection devices are vertically arranged between the upper metal device, the middle circuit board, and the lower metal device.

4. The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle-layer circuit board is a single-layer structure, and the middle-layer metal surface and the metal plate are printed simultaneously on a single side of the dielectric substrate; Alternatively, the middle-layer circuit board is a double-layer structure, and the middle-layer metal surface and the metal disk corresponding to one group of connecting devices are printed on one side of the dielectric substrate at the same time, and the metal disk corresponding to another group of connecting devices is printed on the other side; Alternatively, the middle-layer circuit board is a multi-layer structure, and the middle-layer metal surface and the metal plate are printed on different layers of the dielectric substrate respectively.

5. A co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A clearance area is arranged inside or on the side of the middle metal surface. The clearance area is a hollowed-out or uncoated portion of the dielectric substrate, and is surrounded by metal structures on all sides, or on three sides, or on two sides.

6. A co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The middle-layer circuit board is a double-layer structure, including a dielectric substrate, a middle-layer metal surface and a metal plate; The middle metal surface is printed on one side of the dielectric substrate, and a clearance area is set inside or on the side thereof, and a metal plate is contained in the clearance area, and the metal plate corresponds to the connection device of the corresponding upper metal device or lower metal device; A metal plate is printed on the other side of the dielectric substrate, and the metal plate corresponds to the connecting device of the lower metal device or the upper metal device.

7. A co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The metal disk in the clearance area is separated from the middle metal surface by a gap, and the gap spacing is much smaller than the antenna wavelength; The metal disk outside the clearance area is separated from the middle metal surface by a dielectric substrate, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is much smaller than the antenna wavelength; The maximum width of the metal disk is much smaller than the antenna wavelength.

8. The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The metal pad is a pad, or a conductive line, or a microstrip line, or a printed metal pattern.

9. The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper metal surface is a polygonal, multi-sided, circular, elliptical, annular, fan-shaped, or special-shaped structure; The middle metal surface is a polygonal, multi-sided, circular, elliptical, annular, fan-shaped, or special-shaped structure; The lower metal surface is a polygonal, multi-sided, circular, elliptical, annular, fan-shaped, or special-shaped structure.

10. The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper metal surface, the middle metal surface or the lower metal surface further includes a groove and / or a gap structure.

11. The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is circular, the number of connecting devices corresponding to the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is three, and the angle range of the connecting line of the three connecting devices on the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is 45° to 90°.

12. The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: One or more connecting devices are arranged between two adjacent connecting devices.

13. The co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is circular, the number of connecting devices corresponding to the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is four, and the included angle range of the diagonal lines of the four connecting devices on the upper metal surface or the lower metal surface is 70° to 110°.

14. A co-aperture dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that: One or more connecting devices are arranged between two adjacent connecting devices.

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