Structural element for rotational speed measurement, in particular for vehicle, method for producing such structural element, detection device, and vehicle having such structural element

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural element (3) having a main body (9) which is provided with a coating (10), the coating (10) having a plurality of coating sections (11) which are at least partially spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction (12) of the structural element (3) extending about an axis of rotation (7) of the structural element (3), a rotational speed of the structural element (3) that can be rotated about the rotational axis (7) can be detected by means of the coating section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a structural element, in particular a structural element for a vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a method for producing such a structural element. The invention also relates to a detection device, in particular a detection device for a vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 9. The invention also relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, having at least one such detection device. Background Art

[0002] US9145028B2 discloses a fixing structure of a wheel speed sensor ring. In addition, KR100879592B1 discloses a drive unit. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a component, a method, a detection device and a vehicle, which allow rotational speed detection in a particularly advantageous manner.

[0004] According to the invention, this object is achieved by a structural element having the features of claim 1, by a method having the features of claim 8, by a detection device having the features of claim 9, and by a vehicle having the features of claim 10. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0005] A first aspect of the invention relates to a structural element. For example, the structural element can be used for a vehicle or in a vehicle. Of course, other applications and / or uses of the structural element are also directly conceivable. Preferably, the vehicle is a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle can be, in particular, a car such as a passenger car. It is also conceivable that the motor vehicle is a motor cycle, in particular a motorcycle. The motorcycle is, for example, a single-track motor vehicle with exactly two wheels. It is also conceivable that the motor cycle is a three-wheeled bicycle, that is, in particular a double-tracked motor cycle with exactly three wheels, so that, for example, the motor cycle is configured as a motorcycle with a sidecar or as a so-called tricycle. The corresponding wheels are corresponding ground contact elements, via which the vehicle can be supported or supported on the ground in the vehicle height direction downward. If the vehicle is traveling along the ground, the ground contact element rolls on the ground, in particular directly on the ground, when the vehicle is supported on the ground in the vehicle height direction downward via the corresponding ground contact element.

[0006] The structural element has a base body, which is provided with a coating. For example, the coating is applied, in particular coated, on the base body. Therefore, the coating is in particular a layer arranged on the base body.

[0007] In order to now be able to realize rotational speed detection in a particularly advantageous manner, it is provided according to the invention that the coating has a plurality of coating segments which are at least partially, in particular completely, spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the structural element, wherein the circumferential direction of the structural element extends about the rotational axis of the structural element, that is to say, for example, is rotatable about the rotational axis relative to at least one component. Here, the rotational speed of the structural element rotatable about the rotational axis can be detected by means of the coating element, in particular contactlessly and / or magnetically and / or electrically and / or capacitively. The component is, for example, or comprises a sensor, also referred to as a rotational speed sensor, by means of which the coating segments can be detected, in particular contactlessly, that is, without contact between the sensor and the coating segments, whereby the rotational speed of the structural element can be detected. In particular, the sensor can detect, for example, magnetically and / or electrically and / or capacitively a coating segment, also referred to as a segment, that is to say in such a way that, when the structural element is rotated about the rotation axis relative to the component and therefore relative to the sensor, the segment influences a field, in particular an electric field and / or a magnetic field, which can be provided by or is provided by the sensor, for example. Therefore, the aforementioned rotational speed detection is to be understood as the detection of the rotational speed of the structural element by means of the segment. The rotational speed is to be understood as a parameter, that is, when the structural element is rotated about the rotation axis relative to the component, the parameter indicates the number of revolutions of the structural element relative to the component about the rotation axis within a time period in relation to the time period, for example in revolutions per minute. In this regard, the invention makes it possible to detect the rotational speed of the structural element in a particularly cost-effective and weight-effective manner. Conventionally, the rotational speed of the structural element is detected in such a way that the structural element has a structure, in particular a mechanical and / or solid structure, for example a toothed section with teeth and tooth grooves arranged alternately. It is also conceivable that the structure has recesses arranged alternately in succession and projections protruding relative to the recesses. The structure of the machine can be detected, for example, capacitively and / or magnetically and / or electrically by means of a rotational speed sensor, so that when the structural element rotates relative to the rotational speed sensor, the structure affects, for example, an electric field and / or a magnetic field provided by the rotational speed sensor. However, a disadvantage of these conventional solutions is that the structure must be manufactured by at least one or more processing steps, which must only be used to manufacture the structure. In addition, the structure of the machine is generally not one-piece, that is, it is not constructed integrally with the structural element, but the structure is generally manufactured separately from the structural element and connected to the structural element, for example by screwing the structure to the structural element. Therefore, in order to manufacture the structure, a separate, additional manufacturing process is generally required, which includes, for example, each of the processing steps, by which the structure is specifically manufactured. Therefore, conventional solutions for rotational speed detection are cost-intensive.In addition, the structural unit including the structural element and the structure manufactured separately from the structural element and connected to the structural element has a large weight. Now, the previously mentioned disadvantages can be avoided by the present invention. Since the coating section is used according to the present invention in order to detect the rotation speed of the structural element, and since the base body is provided with the coating, the coating can be manufactured particularly time-effectively and cost-effectively, in other words, the base body can be provided with the coating particularly time-effectively and cost-effectively, for example, the coating is provided in such a way that the coating is applied to the base body. Therefore, the coating is not a part that is constructed separately from the base body, but is manufactured in particular when the base body is used. In addition, the coating can be manufactured only with little material consumption and therefore time-effectively, weight-effectively and cost-effectively, in particular by manufacturing in the following manner, that is, the base body is only regionally, that is, only locally and therefore only in partial areas, and wherein other partial areas of the base body, for example, which are connected to the partial areas, are free of coating. As a result, the weight, cost and structural space requirements of the structural element can be kept in a particularly low range. Furthermore, it is possible to produce the base body from a cost-effective material which, for example, cannot be detected by means of a rotational speed sensor, i.e., cannot be detected by itself, i.e., considered alone, or, for example, a structure produced from this material cannot be detected by a rotational speed sensor, since, for example, the material cannot influence the electric and / or magnetic fields provided, for example, by the sensor. However, the coating section can be detected by the speed sensor. Since the base body can, however, only be provided with the coating section in certain places, the material expenditure for producing the coating and thus the cost and weight of the coating itself, i.e., considered alone, can be kept particularly low, so that the cost, weight and installation space requirement of the component as a whole can be kept in a particularly low range.

[0008] In particular, it is conceivable that the base body is directly provided with the coating, so that, for example, the coating is applied directly on the base body. In particular, this means that no other, additional material is arranged between the base body and the coating.

[0009] Since the rotational speed of the component can be detected by means of the coating section, so that the rotational speed sensor can detect the coating section or the influence caused or caused by the coating section on the field, in particular an electrical and / or magnetic field, which is provided, for example, by the sensor, it is possible to avoid that the component is provided with or connected to a separate, additionally manufactured structure provided for detecting the rotational speed, so that the rotational speed of the component can be detected in a particularly cost-effective and weight-effective manner. In particular, for example, a separately manufactured sensor wheel, sensor ring or a pulse-providing window, in particular a punched window, can be avoided. Additional connection technology, such as a screw connection, for connecting the component to a separately manufactured structure for detecting the rotational speed can also be avoided, so that the rotational speed of the component can be detected in a particularly simple and cost-effective and weight-effective manner.

[0010] In order to be able to detect the rotational speed of the structural element in a particularly simple and accurate manner, it is provided in one embodiment of the present invention that the coating section and therefore the coating has at least one ferromagnetic material or exactly one ferromagnetic material, in particular a ferrite material. The ferromagnetic material can be, for example, a metal powder, in particular a ferrite and / or a ferromagnetic metal powder. In addition, a particularly advantageous corrosion resistance of the coating can be achieved thereby. It is conceivable that the ferromagnetic material, in particular the metal powder, is embedded in the matrix material. The ferromagnetic material can, for example, particularly advantageously influence the (in particular electrical and / or magnetic) field provided or available by the rotational speed sensor, in particular when the structural element rotates around the rotational axis relative to the rotational speed sensor. This influence on the field can be detected by the rotational speed sensor, whereby the rotational speed of the structural element can be detected accurately and in a simple, cost-effective and weight-effective manner.

[0011] For example, the base body is provided with a coating and thus with a coating section by a coating method, so that the coating and thus the coating section is applied, in particular applied, to the base body, for example, by the coating method mentioned. The coating method is, for example, a thermal coating method, so that, for example, the base body is provided with a coating and thus the coating section by thermal coating, that is, by the thermal coating method. In other words, for example, the coating and thus the coating section is applied, in particular applied, to the base body by thermal coating, that is, by the thermal coating method. It is also conceivable that the coating method is spraying, in particular thermal spraying, so that the coating and thus the coating section is applied, i.e., applied to the base body, for example, in such a way that the coating and thus the coating section is sprayed onto the base body and / or sprayed toward the base body. The coating method is completely preferably cold gas spraying (CGS-Cold Gas Spray, cold gas spraying), so that the coating and thus the coating section is preferably applied, in particular applied, to the base body by cold gas spraying. Here, the coating or the coating material that is or is formed into the coating is applied, for example in powder form, at a very high speed to a substrate as a carrier material, which is also referred to as a substrate. Therefore, the coating material is or includes the aforementioned material and / or the aforementioned ferromagnetic material, for example a metal powder.

[0012] Another embodiment is characterized in that the base body is formed from a non-ferromagnetic material. As a result, the costs of the base body and thus the costs of the component as a whole can be kept particularly low, so that the rotational speed can be detected in a particularly cost-effective manner.

[0013] In order to be able to keep the weight and costs of the base body and thus of the component particularly low, in a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the base body is formed from a plastic, which is preferably the above-mentioned non-ferromagnetic material.

[0014] In another particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the base body is formed from a first material, wherein the coating section is formed from a second material different from the first material. This allows the costs and weight of the component to be kept particularly low, thereby providing a particularly cost-effective and weight-effective rotational speed detection.

[0015] In order to be able to detect the rotational speed particularly precisely and therefore in a particularly advantageous manner, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the segments are spaced equally apart from one another in pairs in a circumferential direction extending about the axis of rotation, ie are arranged evenly distributed.

[0016] In another particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the structural element is a wheel rim for the aforementioned vehicle and is therefore a component of at least one wheel of the vehicle. In the fully manufactured state of the vehicle having the structural element, for example, a tire, in particular made of rubber, of the at least one wheel is fitted onto the rim, so that the tire is connected to the rim. The rim thus comprises the base body and the coating, so that the rotational speed can be detected in a particularly cost-effective and weight-effective manner. In conventional solutions, in particular in conventional motor cycles, the rotational speed is detected in that a detection element is used which is manufactured separately from the rim and is, for example, in the form of a sensor ring or a sensor wheel, and is connected to the rim in a rotationally fixed manner, for example by screwing, wherein the rotational speed can be detected by means of the detection element. In contrast, the present invention enables a rotational speed detection which is substantially weight-effective and cost-effective.

[0017] The rotation speed sensor can, for example, provide a signal, in particular an electrical signal, which characterizes (ie, indicates) the detected rotation speed of the component and is also referred to as a rotation speed signal. In particular, when the component is designed as the wheel rim, the rotation speed is the rotation speed of the at least one wheel, so that the rotation speed is also referred to as the wheel speed. The detected rotation speed or the signal characterizing the rotation speed can be used, for example, for an anti-lock braking system (ABS), for example, in order to prevent wheel locking when braking a wheel. In particular, when the component is the wheel rim, the unsprung mass of the vehicle can be reduced compared to conventional solutions.

[0018] Furthermore, it has been found to be particularly advantageous if the structural element is a housing for a vehicle, in particular a housing for a transmission of a vehicle, or if the structural element is, for example, a gear for a vehicle, in particular a gear for a transmission of a vehicle. The invention makes it possible to avoid the use of a separate structure for detecting the rotational speed, so that the rotational speed can be detected in a particularly weight-saving and cost-effective manner. The transmission is, for example, a differential transmission, also referred to as a differential.

[0019] The second aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a structural element according to the first aspect of the invention. The advantages and advantageous configurations of the first aspect of the invention can be regarded as advantages and advantageous configurations of the second aspect of the invention, and vice versa.

[0020] Thus, the method comprises, for example, the coating method, by means of which the base body is provided with the coating and thus with the coating section, in particular such that the coating and thus the coating section is applied, in particular coated, to the base body in the coating method. In the coating method, the coating is applied to the base body, for example, in such a way that the coating or the aforementioned coating material for producing the coating is sprayed onto the base body and / or sprayed toward the base body. The coating method is in particular a spraying method. The coating material is or comprises, for example, a ferromagnetic material, in particular a metal powder, which is applied to the base body, in particular sprayed toward the base body, for example in powder form.

[0021] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a detection device, in particular a detection device for a vehicle. The detection device according to the third aspect of the present invention has at least one sensor, also referred to as a rotational speed sensor. In addition, the detection device according to the third aspect of the present invention comprises at least one structural element, which is capable of rotating relative to the sensor around an axis of rotation. With the aid of the sensor, the rotational speed of the structural element can be detected, in particular with respect to the axis of rotation, in particular contactlessly and / or magnetically and / or electrically and / or capacitively. The feature "the rotational speed of the structural element can be detected with respect to the axis of rotation with the aid of the sensor" should be understood in particular to mean that the sensor is capable of detecting the number of rotations of the structural element relative to the sensor around the axis of rotation within a time period, in particular with respect to the time period, wherein the rotational speed characterizes, i.e. explains or describes the number of rotations detected in relation to the time period.

[0022] In order to be able to detect the rotational speed of the structural element in a particularly cost-effective and weight-effective manner, it is now provided in a third aspect of the invention that the structural element has a base body, which is provided with a coating, which has a plurality of coating segments that are at least partially, in particular completely, spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction of the structural element extending around the axis of rotation of the structural element, the coating segments being detectable by means of the sensor for detecting the rotational speed, in particular contactlessly and / or magnetically and / or electrically and / or capacitively detectable. The sensor can detect the rotational speed contactlessly by means of the coating segments, which means that the sensor can detect the rotational speed without contact being produced between the sensor and the coating segments or between the sensor and the structural element. The advantages and advantageous embodiments of the first and second aspects of the invention can be regarded as advantages and advantageous embodiments of the third aspect of the invention, and vice versa.

[0023] A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a vehicle, preferably configured as a land vehicle and / or a motor vehicle, having at least one detection device according to the third aspect of the present invention. The advantages and advantageous designs of the first, second and third aspects of the present invention may be regarded as advantages and advantageous designs of the fourth aspect of the present invention, and vice versa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Further details of the present invention are obtained from the following description of preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 A schematic perspective view shows a section of a vehicle having a detection device for detecting a rotational speed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic perspective view of a section of a vehicle 1 designed as a motor vehicle is shown, which is Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, it is configured as a motor cycle. Figure 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the motor cycle is a motorcycle which is designed here as a single-track vehicle having exactly two wheels, also referred to as wheels for short, arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Figure 1 One of the wheels is partially visible and is marked with 2. This wheel 2 is the front wheel, and the other, second wheel is the rear wheel. Each wheel is a ground-contacting element, by means of which the vehicle can be supported or is supported on the ground in the vehicle height direction downward. If the vehicle is driven along the ground, while the vehicle is supported on the ground in the vehicle height direction downward via the ground-contacting element, the ground-contacting element (wheel) rolls on the ground, in particular directly on the ground. Wheel 2 has a rim 3, which is a first structural element or is also referred to as a first structural element. Furthermore, wheel 2 includes, for example, Figure 1 The tire which is not visible in the figure and is formed, for example, of rubber, is also referred to as a tire. The tire is a second structural element or is also referred to as a second structural element. The tire is constructed separately from the rim 3 and is placed on the rim 3 and is thus connected to the rim 3. In addition, Figure 1 A brake disk 4 of a service brake 5 designed as a disk brake of the vehicle 1 is shown in detail. The service brake 5 also comprises a brake caliper 6. The brake disk 4 is connected to the wheel 2 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the wheel 2 and thus the vehicle 1 as a whole can be braked by means of the service brake 5.

[0026] The wheel 2 and thus the wheel rim 3 are held on a component 8 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis 7 relative to another component 8 of the vehicle 1. The component 8 is here a steering device, in particular a fork, which is held, for example, steerably and thus pivotably, on the vehicle 1. Figure 18 and thus the wheel 2 are pivoted relative to the frame and thus steered, this can result in the vehicle 1 turning, changing lanes and changing the direction of travel. If the vehicle 1 is traveling along the ground, while the vehicle 1 is supported on the ground in the vehicle height direction downward via the wheels, the wheel 2 rolls on the ground, in particular directly on the ground, and in this process the wheel 2 rotates relative to the component 8 and relative to the frame about an axis of rotation 7, also referred to as the wheel axis of rotation. It can thus be seen that the wheel rim 3 (first structural element) is rotatable relative to the component 8 (component) about the axis of rotation 7. In particular, the wheel 2 and thus the wheel rim 3 can rotate relative to the component 8 about the axis of rotation 7 at different rotation speeds. In order to be able to determine, in particular detect the speed of the vehicle 1, which is also referred to as the driving speed, it is desirable to detect the corresponding rotation speed of the wheel 2, which is also referred to as the wheel rotation speed. Alternatively or additionally, for example, at least one assistance system of the vehicle 1, such as an anti-lock braking system (ABS), can be operated, in particular regulated, as a function of the detected wheel rotation speed (rotation speed of the wheel 2), in order to thereby enable particularly reliable operation of the vehicle 1.

[0027] In order to be able to detect the rotational speed of the rim 3 and thus the rotational speed of the wheel 2 in a particularly advantageous, in particular cost-effective and weight-effective manner, the rim 3 has a base body 9 which is provided with a coating 10 having a plurality of coating sections 11 which are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the rim 3 extending around the rotational axis 7 and by means of which the rotational speed of the rim 3 and thus the wheel 2 can be detected. The circumferential direction of the rim 3 extending around the rotational axis 7 is spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction of the rim 3 extending around the rotational axis 7. Figure 1 This is indicated by a double arrow 12. Preferably, the coating segments 11, also referred to as segments for short, are spaced equally from one another in pairs in the circumferential direction of the rim 3, whereby the rotational speed can be detected precisely.

[0028] The coating 10 and thus the coating section 11 are for example Figure 1 The detection device 13 is particularly schematically shown in FIG. 1 , by means of which the rotational speed can be detected. The detection device 13 also includes, for example, Figure 11 and 2 , a sensor 14, which is particularly schematically shown and also referred to as a rotation speed sensor or wheel speed sensor, can be used to detect the coating segments 11 and thus the rotation speed of the rim 3 and thus the rotation speed of the wheel 2, in particular contactlessly and / or magnetically and / or electrically and / or capacitively. In particular, for example, the sensor 14 can provide a (in particular magnetic and / or electric) field. If the wheel 2 and therefore the rim 3 and therefore the coating segments 11 rotate about the rotation axis 7 relative to the component 8 and therefore relative to the sensor 14 (for example held on the component 8), the coating segments 11 influence the field, in particular in that the coating segments 11 are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction and in that there is no coating 10 in the circumferential direction between coating segments 11 of the base body 9 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction. The sensor 14 can detect the influence on the field caused by the coating segments 11 and thus the rotation speed. The sensor 14 can provide a signal, in particular an electrical signal, which is representative of the detected rotational speed, from which the speed and / or operation, in particular the adjustment of auxiliary systems, can be determined. The sensor 14 can thus detect the rotational speed without the sensor 14 contacting the rim 3, the base body 9 or the coating 10. The rotational speed can be detected without the rim 3 being provided with a separately constructed detection element, such as a sensor wheel or a sensor ring, which is connected to the rim 3.

[0029] The coating 10 is applied, in particular coated, to the base body 9, for example, by cold gas spraying (CGS), so that the base body 9 can be provided with the coating 10, ie, with the coating sections 11, in a particularly time-efficient and cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the weight of the wheel 2 and thus the unsprung mass of the vehicle 1 can be kept particularly low.

[0030] For example, the coating section 11 is formed from a coating material, also referred to as raw material or material for short, which is also referred to as first material. The base body 9 is formed, for example, from a second material, wherein it is conceivable that the second material is a material different from the first material. The coating material (first material) is, for example, a ferromagnetic material or the coating material includes a ferromagnetic material, wherein the ferromagnetic material can be or include a metal powder, for example.

[0031] Reference numerals list

[0032] 1 Vehicle

[0033] 2 wheels

[0034] 3 Rim

[0035] 4 Brake discs

[0036] 5 Service brakes

[0037] 6 Brake calipers

[0038] 7 Axis of rotation

[0039] 8 parts

[0040] 9 Matrix

[0041] 10 Layers

[0042] 11 Cladding Section

[0043] 12 double arrows

[0044] 13. Detection device

[0045] 14 Sensors

Claims

1. A structural element (3), comprising a base body (9), the base body being provided with a coating (10), characterized in that: The coating (10) comprises a plurality of coating sections (11) which are at least partially spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction (12) of the component (3) extending around an axis of rotation (7) of the component (3), by means of which a rotational speed of the component (3) rotatable around the axis of rotation (7) can be detected.

2. The structural element (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that The coating section (11) comprises a ferromagnetic material.

3. The structural element (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The base body (9) is formed of a non-ferromagnetic material.

4. The structural element (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The base body (9) is formed from plastic.

5. Structural element (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The base body (9) is formed from a first material, and the coating section (11) is formed from a second material different from the first material.

6. Structural element (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The coating segments (11) are spaced apart from one another in pairs at the same distance in the circumferential direction (12).

7. Structural element (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The structural element (3) is a wheel rim (3) or a housing or a gear wheel for a vehicle (1).

8. A method for producing a structural element (3) according to any one of the preceding claims.

9. A detection device (13), comprising at least one sensor (14) and at least one structural element (3) which can rotate about an axis of rotation (7) relative to the sensor (14), the rotational speed of the structural element being detectable by means of the sensor (14), It is characterized in that The structural element (3) has a base body (9) which is provided with a coating (10), the coating having a plurality of coating sections (11) which are at least partially spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction (12) of the structural element (3) extending around an axis of rotation (7) of the structural element (3), the coating sections being detectable by means of the sensor (14) in order to detect the rotational speed. 10 . A vehicle ( 1 ) having at least one detection device ( 13 ) according to claim 9 .

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