A heavy oil taking device and a heavy oil taking method

Abstract

The application provides a thick oil taking device and a thick oil taking method, and belongs to the field of scientific experiment instruments. The thick oil taking device comprises sequentially connected liquid adding device, liquid pump, thick oil kettle and thick oil receiving container. The liquid adding device is used for delivering liquid to the liquid pump. The liquid pump is used for quantitatively delivering liquid to the thick oil kettle. The thick oil receiving container is used for receiving thick oil from the thick oil kettle. The thick oil can be heated in a sealed constant temperature environment, the flowability of the thick oil is improved, and the components of the thick oil are kept constant. The thick oil can be accurately and quantitatively taken, and the accuracy and repeatability of measurement are improved. The thick oil can realize full closed loop flow, the safety of experimental operation is improved, the pollution of the thick oil to the outside is reduced, and the cleaning after the thick oil is taken is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of scientific experimental instruments, specifically relating to a heavy oil extraction device and a heavy oil extraction method. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy oil typically has a viscosity ≥100 mPa·s. This high viscosity results in poor flowability, high extraction costs, and low recovery rates, thus it did not receive sufficient attention in the early stages of the petroleum industry. However, heavy oil reserves are abundant, and with increasing energy demand and the continued depletion of conventional oil fields, the development of heavy oil fields is becoming increasingly important. Consequently, major research institutes have invested in research on increasing heavy oil production.

[0003] In research on heavy oil, the challenge of accurately quantifying its volume remains. Due to its high viscosity and strong adhesion, conventional liquid handling methods, such as droppers, pipettes, or pipettes, cannot quantitatively transfer heavy oil at lower temperatures. Typically, the heavy oil needs to be heated at high temperatures (≥70℃) to reduce its viscosity and increase its fluidity before it can be handled with a pipette. However, during heating, lighter components in the heavy oil continuously escape, leading to changes in its composition. Furthermore, the temperature of the heavy oil continuously decreases during handling, resulting in poor repeatability and difficulty in accurate quantification. Finally, cooled heavy oil is difficult to clean, often contaminating pipettes and other quantitative liquid handling instruments.

[0004] In summary, existing heavy oil extraction technologies suffer from problems such as poor repeatability, inaccurate quantification, easy variation in crude oil composition, and difficulty in post-operation cleanup.

[0005] Therefore, a heavy oil extraction device needs to be designed to quantitatively extract heavy oil under a sealed, constant-temperature environment. This ensures that light components do not escape from the heavy oil and guarantees the repeatability and accuracy of the extraction operation. Furthermore, the device should allow for convenient and quick extraction of heavy oil and be easy to clean after operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a heavy oil extraction device and method that can heat heavy oil in a sealed and constant temperature environment, improve the flowability of heavy oil, maintain the constant composition of heavy oil, accurately and quantitatively extract heavy oil, improve the accuracy and repeatability of measurement, realize the fully closed-loop flow of heavy oil, improve the safety of experimental operation, reduce the pollution of heavy oil to the outside, and facilitate the cleaning after heavy oil extraction.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a heavy oil extraction device, the heavy oil extraction device comprising a liquid addition device, a liquid pump, a heavy oil kettle, and a heavy oil receiving container connected in sequence;

[0009] The liquid dispensing device is used to deliver liquid to the liquid pump;

[0010] The liquid pump is used to quantitatively deliver liquid into the heavy oil reactor;

[0011] The heavy oil receiving container is used to receive heavy oil from the heavy oil reactor.

[0012] Preferably, the heavy oil reactor includes a shell and a piston disposed within the shell;

[0013] The piston divides the inner cavity of the housing into two chambers: a liquid chamber and a heavy oil chamber.

[0014] One end of the liquid chamber is a piston, and the other end is the liquid inlet, which is provided with a liquid inlet.

[0015] One end of the heavy oil chamber is a piston, and the other end is the oil outlet. A sealing cap is provided at the oil outlet, and an oil outlet is provided on the sealing cap.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid adding device is connected to the inlet of the liquid pump via a pipeline;

[0017] The outlet of the liquid pump is connected to the inlet of the heavy oil reactor via a pipeline;

[0018] The oil outlet of the heavy oil reactor is connected to the heavy oil receiving container via a pipeline.

[0019] Preferably, a liquid filling valve is installed on the pipeline connecting the liquid filling device and the liquid pump;

[0020] A liquid pump outlet valve and a liquid inlet valve are sequentially installed on the pipeline connecting the liquid pump and the heavy oil reactor.

[0021] An oil outlet valve is installed on the pipeline connecting the heavy oil reactor and the heavy oil receiving container.

[0022] Preferably, a pressure gauge is also connected to the pipeline connecting the liquid pump and the heavy oil reactor via a branch pipeline, and a pressure gauge valve is installed on the branch pipeline.

[0023] The pressure gauge valve is located between the liquid pump outlet valve and the liquid inlet valve.

[0024] Preferably, the outer diameter of the pipeline is 1.5-12.5mm.

[0025] Preferably, a heating device is provided on the outer wall of the heavy oil reactor;

[0026] A heating device is installed on the pipeline between the heavy oil reactor and the heavy oil receiving container;

[0027] Preferably, the heavy oil extraction device includes multiple heavy oil kettles and multiple heavy oil receiving containers;

[0028] Multiple branch lines branch off from the outlet of the liquid pump, each branch line connecting to a heavy oil vessel, and each heavy oil vessel connecting to its corresponding heavy oil receiving container via a pipeline.

[0029] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for extracting heavy oil, the method being implemented using the aforementioned heavy oil extraction device, the method comprising:

[0030] Under pressure higher than the initial pressure, liquid is injected into the heavy oil reactor, and the flowing heavy oil is used to flush the pipeline connected to the oil outlet of the heavy oil reactor. The heavy oil flowing out from the oil outlet is collected by the waste oil cylinder.

[0031] When the pressure drops to the initial pressure, the waste oil cylinder is replaced with a heavy oil receiving container, and a certain amount of liquid is injected into the heavy oil reactor at a pressure higher than the initial pressure.

[0032] When the pressure drops to the initial pressure, the receiving of heavy oil stops. At this point, the volume of heavy oil in the receiving container is equal to the volume of the injected liquid.

[0033] Preferably, for low-viscosity crude oil with a viscosity of <10 mPa*s, the initial pressure is atmospheric pressure;

[0034] For heavy oil with a viscosity of 10-1000 mPa*s, the initial pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa;

[0035] For heavy oil with a viscosity of 1000-10000 mPa*s, the initial pressure is 0.3-0.8 MPa;

[0036] For heavy oil with a viscosity >10000 mPa*s, the initial pressure is greater than 0.9 MPa.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can heat heavy oil in a sealed and constant temperature environment, which improves the flowability of heavy oil and maintains the constant composition of heavy oil; it can accurately and quantitatively take heavy oil, which improves the accuracy and repeatability of measurement; it can realize the fully closed-loop flow of heavy oil, which improves the safety of experimental operation, reduces the pollution of heavy oil to the outside, and is conducive to the cleaning after heavy oil is taken. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a heavy oil extraction device of the present invention, which includes a heavy oil kettle;

[0039] Figure 2 The volume of heavy oil A obtained using the heavy oil extraction device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 The volume of heavy oil B obtained using the heavy oil extraction device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 The volume of heavy oil A obtained using the heavy oil extraction device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heavy oil extraction device of the present invention, which includes two heavy oil reactors;

[0043] Figure 6 The volume of crude oil C obtained using the heavy oil extraction device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0045] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0046] This invention provides a heavy oil extraction device, comprising a liquid adding device 1, a liquid pump 2, a heavy oil vessel 8, and a heavy oil receiving container 10 connected in sequence. The liquid adding device 1 is connected to the liquid pump 2 and is used to deliver liquid to the liquid pump 2. The liquid pump 2 is used to quantitatively deliver liquid to the heavy oil vessel 8, providing the power to pressurize the heavy oil from the vessel 8. The heavy oil receiving container 10 is used to receive the heavy oil exiting the vessel 8, i.e., the heavy oil to be extracted, and to prevent the heavy oil from contacting other external instruments, thus avoiding contamination.

[0047] Specifically, the heavy oil reactor 8 includes a shell and a piston disposed within the shell. The piston divides the inner cavity of the shell into two chambers: a liquid chamber and a heavy oil chamber. One end of the liquid chamber is the piston, and the other end is the liquid inlet, which has an inlet port. One end of the heavy oil chamber is the piston, and the other end is the oil outlet, which has a sealing cap with an oil outlet port. The heavy oil chamber is filled with heavy oil, and the liquid flowing from the liquid pump 2 enters the liquid chamber through the liquid inlet port.

[0048] The liquid pump 2 can be a manual pump or an automatic pump. The automatic pump can be an existing piston pump, plunger pump, reciprocating pump, gear pump, or diaphragm pump, preferably a piston pump, plunger pump, or reciprocating pump. Optionally, the liquid pump 2 is equipped with a heating device to heat the output liquid to a specified temperature. Optionally, the liquid adding device 1 is externally covered with a heating jacket to heat the liquid to a specified temperature.

[0049] The liquid addition device 1 is connected to the inlet of the liquid pump 2 via a pipeline, the outlet of the liquid pump 2 is connected to the liquid inlet of the heavy oil reactor 8 via a pipeline, and the oil outlet of the heavy oil reactor 8 is connected to the heavy oil receiving container 10 via a pipeline. A liquid addition valve 3 is installed on the pipeline connecting the liquid addition device 1 and the liquid pump 2. A liquid pump outlet valve 4 and a liquid inlet valve 7 are sequentially installed on the pipeline connecting the liquid pump 2 and the heavy oil reactor 8. An oil outlet valve 9 is installed on the pipeline connecting the heavy oil reactor 8 and the heavy oil receiving container 10.

[0050] The piping between various components ensures the heavy oil operates within a closed system, increasing equipment safety and reducing contamination of other laboratory instruments. The piping materials can include: stainless steel, Hastelloy, titanium alloy, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), nylon, and polyvinyl alcohol, with stainless steel and Hastelloy being preferred. The outer diameter of the piping ranges from 1.5 to 12.5 mm, preferably 3 to 10 mm.

[0051] The valves installed on the pipeline are used to define the direction of fluid flow and ensure a uniform initial state of the system. These valves can be ball valves, needle valves, solenoid valves, or pneumatic valves, with ball valves and needle valves being preferred. The operating pressure range of the valves is 0-30 MPa, preferably 0-15 MPa.

[0052] Furthermore, a heating device is installed on the outer wall of the heavy oil reactor 8 to stably heat the reactor. This ensures that the heavy oil flows into the heavy oil receiving container 10 under piston pressure in a sealed, constant-temperature environment, preventing light components from escaping from the heavy oil. The heating device covering the outer layer of the heavy oil reactor 8 can stably heat the reactor 8 to 30-120°C, preferably 60-100°C. The operating pressure range of the heavy oil reactor 8 is 0-30 MPa, preferably 0-15 MPa.

[0053] A heating device is installed on the pipeline between the heavy oil reactor 8 and the heavy oil receiving container 10. Optionally, a heating device is also installed on the pipeline between the heavy oil reactor 8 and the liquid pump 2. The heating device can increase the temperature of the heavy oil, thereby improving its fluidity.

[0054] The heating device used in this invention can be an existing electric heating device, water bath heating device, oil bath heating device, or air bath heating device, with electric heating devices and oil bath heating devices being preferred. The heating device can stably heat the pipeline to 30-120℃, preferably 60-100℃.

[0055] The heavy oil receiving container 10 can be made of: a beaker, a graduated cylinder, an Erlenmeyer flask, a glass tube, a pipette, or a pressure vessel, preferably a glass tube, a pipette, or a pressure vessel.

[0056] Furthermore, a pressure gauge 5 is connected via a branch line to the pipeline connecting the liquid pump 2 and the heavy oil reactor 8, and a pressure gauge valve 6 is installed on the branch line. The pressure gauge valve 6 is located between the liquid pump outlet valve 4 and the liquid inlet valve 7. The pressure gauge 5 is used to observe and record the system pressure in real time. The pressure gauge 5 can be a mechanical pressure gauge or a digital pressure gauge, preferably a digital pressure gauge. The measuring range of the pressure gauge 5 is 0-10 MPa, preferably 0-5 MPa. The accuracy range of the pressure gauge 5 is 0.0001-0.1 MPa, preferably 0.001-0.01 MPa.

[0057] When filling the heavy oil vessel 8 with heavy oil, first reverse the liquid pump 2 to draw liquid from the liquid chamber of the heavy oil vessel 8, causing the piston to move to the inlet end. Then, open the sealing cap of the heavy oil vessel 8 from the outlet end and pour the heavy oil heated to 70-90℃ into the heavy oil chamber of the heavy oil vessel 8. After tightening the sealing cap at the outlet end, heat the heavy oil for 1 hour. Use the liquid pump 2 to inject liquid from the inlet, and after expelling air from the outlet, the heavy oil filling is complete.

[0058] When the liquid pump 2 needs to be filled with liquid, close the liquid pump outlet valve 4 and open the liquid filling valve 3. The liquid enters the liquid pump 2 from the liquid filling device. After the liquid filling is completed, close the liquid filling valve 3.

[0059] The heavy oil extraction device of the present invention can include one heavy oil vessel 8 and one heavy oil receiving container 10, or it can include multiple heavy oil vessels 8 and multiple heavy oil receiving containers 10. For example... Figure 5 As shown, multiple branch lines branch off from the outlet of the liquid pump 2, each branch line connecting to a heavy oil vessel 8. Each heavy oil vessel 8 is connected to its corresponding heavy oil receiving container 10 via a pipeline. Multiple heavy oil vessels 8 can share a single pressure gauge 5, or each heavy oil vessel 8 can be equipped with its own pressure gauge 5.

[0060] When using multiple heavy oil reactors 8, each heavy oil reactor 8 can be filled with the same heavy oil, increasing the total storage capacity of heavy oil and meeting the demand for large-scale heavy oil extraction; or it can be filled with different heavy oils, increasing the variety of heavy oils and meeting the demand for different heavy oils.

[0061] The viscosity range of heavy oil is 100–500,000 mPa·s, preferably 100–300,000 mPa·s. However, the device of the present invention is also fully applicable to light oil, except that light oil can also be handled using a pipette.

[0062] When using the apparatus of the present invention, the cumulative amount V of liquid in the heavy oil vessel 8 is... 累积 Equal to the volume of liquid injected, V 注入 Subtract the outflow of heavy oil V 流出 As shown in the following formula:

[0063] V累积 =V 注入 -V 流出

[0064] When the injected liquid volume is greater than the outflow volume of heavy oil, the cumulative volume is positive, and the pressure in the heavy oil vessel 8 increases. When the injected liquid volume is less than the outflow volume, the cumulative volume is negative, and the pressure in the heavy oil vessel 8 decreases. When the injected liquid volume is equal to the outflow volume, the cumulative volume is zero, and the pressure in the heavy oil vessel 8 remains constant. Therefore, when the pressure in the heavy oil vessel 8 returns to its initial pressure, it proves that the volume of the outflowing heavy oil is equal to the volume of the injected liquid.

[0065] When using the device of this invention, firstly, liquid is injected into the heavy oil reactor at a pressure higher than the initial pressure. The flowing heavy oil is used to flush the pipeline connected to the oil outlet of the heavy oil reactor, and a waste oil cylinder is used to collect the heavy oil flowing out of the oil outlet. When the pressure drops to the initial pressure, the waste oil cylinder is replaced with a heavy oil receiving container, and a fixed amount of liquid is injected into the liquid chamber of the heavy oil reactor 8 through the liquid pump 2 at a pressure higher than the initial pressure. At the same time, the pressure of the heavy oil reactor 8 increases. As the heavy oil flows from the oil outlet into the heavy oil receiving container 10, the pressure of the heavy oil reactor 8 drops until the pressure returns to the initial pressure, at which point the collection of heavy oil stops. At this time, a fixed amount of heavy oil can be accurately taken out because the volume of the flowing heavy oil is equal to the volume of the injected liquid.

[0066] If the initial pressure is too low, the flow rate of the heavy oil will be too slow, prolonging the oil extraction time and even causing insufficient extraction.

[0067] Specifically, for low-viscosity crude oil with a viscosity of <10 mPa*s, the initial pressure can be set to atmospheric pressure. After the liquid is injected, the crude oil quickly flows out from the outlet of the heavy oil reactor 8, and the pressure of the heavy oil reactor 8 can return to atmospheric pressure within 5 minutes.

[0068] For heavy oil with a viscosity of 10-1000 mPa*s, the initial pressure needs to be set to 0.1-0.2 MPa to ensure that the heavy oil flows out of the outlet of the heavy oil reactor 8 under a pressure higher than the initial pressure, and the pressure of the heavy oil reactor 8 can return to the initial pressure within 5 minutes.

[0069] For heavy oil with a viscosity of 1000-10000 mPa*s, the initial pressure needs to be set at 0.3-0.8 MPa to ensure that the heavy oil flows out from the outlet under a pressure higher than the initial pressure, and the pressure in the heavy oil reactor 8 can return to the initial pressure within 5 minutes.

[0070] For heavy oil with a viscosity >10000mPa*s, the initial pressure needs to be set at greater than 0.9MPa to ensure that the heavy oil flows out of the outlet under a pressure higher than the initial pressure, and the pressure of the heavy oil reactor 8 can return to the initial pressure within 5 minutes.

[0071] The embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0072] Example 1

[0073] Heavy oil A has a viscosity of 225,000 mPa·s at 90°C. 1 ml of heavy oil A needs to be transferred into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 5.0 mm for oil-water phase experiments. Even when heavy oil A is heated to 90°C, it still has a very high viscosity, making it impossible to quantitatively transfer it into a thin glass tube using conventional instruments such as droppers. This embodiment uses... Figure 1 The heavy oil extraction device shown completes this operation.

[0074] In this embodiment, the liquid pump 2 is a manual pump with a capacity of 100ml and a minimum dispensing volume of 0.01ml. Rotating the liquid pump 2 squeezes out the liquid, and the amount of liquid squeezed out can be accurately read using the scale on the pump 2. The liquid pump 2 is covered with an electrically heated jacket to maintain its temperature between 30-120℃. In this embodiment, the liquid adding device 1 is a liquid adding tank, which is directly installed on top of the manual pump, and a ball valve is installed between the tank and the pump. The outlet of the liquid pump 2 is connected to the inlet of the heavy oil reactor 8, and an electronic pressure gauge is installed on the pipeline between them. The pressure gauge 5 has a range of 0-10MPa and an accuracy of 0.001MPa. Ball valves are installed on the pipelines connecting the outlet of the liquid pump 2, the pressure gauge 5, and the inlet of the heavy oil reactor 8. The oil outlet of the heavy oil reactor 8 enters directly into a 5mm diameter glass tube (i.e., the heavy oil receiving container 10) through a pipeline. In this embodiment, the connecting pipeline is a 3mm outer diameter stainless steel pipeline. The pipeline connecting the heavy oil reactor 8 and the oil outlet is covered with an electric heating jacket, which can stably maintain the temperature at 30-120℃.

[0075] Before using the heavy oil, first close the liquid pump outlet valve 4, open the liquid addition valve 3, and reverse the manual pump to add liquid. Then, close the liquid addition valve 3 and the oil outlet valve 9, and heat the manual pump, the heavy oil vessel 8, and the pipeline connected to the oil outlet of the heavy oil vessel 8 until the temperature reaches 90℃. Open the oil outlet valve 9, place the waste oil cylinder at the other end of the pipeline connected to the oil outlet of the heavy oil vessel 8, and rotate the manual pump. While the pressure gauge 5 reading does not exceed 5MPa, inject approximately 2ml of liquid into the heavy oil vessel 8, using the heavy oil to flush the pipeline connected to the oil outlet of the heavy oil vessel 8. When the pressure gauge 5 reading drops to the initial pressure of 1.00MPa, close the oil outlet valve 9 and replace the waste oil cylinder with a 5mm glass tube. Open the oil outlet valve 9, rotate the manual pump, and while the pressure does not exceed 5MPa, inject 1.00ml of liquid (i.e., the quantitative measure is 1.00ml; the scale on the manual pump allows for precise injection of 1ml of liquid into the heavy oil vessel). When the pressure reading on pressure gauge 5 drops to 1.00 MPa, close the outlet valve 9, replace the 5mm glass tube, and repeat the above operation until all the heavy oil has been collected. Finally, place the waste oil cylinder at the outlet, open all valves, and turn off the heating power. After the device has cooled down, close the outlet valve 9 and remove the waste oil cylinder.

[0076] Using the apparatus of this embodiment, 1 ml of heavy oil A was filled into each of 10 glass tubes, and the mass of the heavy oil in the glass tubes was measured by weighing. The volume of heavy oil in the glass tubes was calculated using the density of heavy oil A, and the results are as follows. Figure 2 As shown, from Figure 2 It can be seen that this heavy oil extraction device can accurately and quantitatively extract heavy oil with high repeatability. Moreover, during operation, the heavy oil is in a pressure-sealed environment and is only connected to the outside through a 3mm pipeline, thus avoiding the escape of light components and the contamination of experimental instruments and the environment by the heavy oil.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] Heavy oil B has a viscosity of 132 mPa·s at 50°C. 1 ml of heavy oil B needs to be transferred into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 5.0 mm for an oil-water phase experiment. The conventional method is to heat heavy oil B to 60-80°C to further reduce its viscosity, and then add it to the glass tube using a 1 ml pipette while it is still hot. However, as the temperature of the heavy oil decreases, its viscosity and adhesiveness increase significantly, making this method less accurate and resulting in a smaller amount of transferred oil. Therefore, it is necessary to repeatedly heat the heavy oil and use a gravimetric method to correct the amount of heavy oil used. During this process, lighter components will escape and be lost from the heavy oil due to repeated heating, and the strong adhesiveness of the heavy oil makes the pipette and weighing balance difficult to clean. This embodiment uses... Figure 1 The heavy oil extraction device in the middle completes the extraction of heavy oil B.

[0079] The apparatus is the same as in Example 1, except that pressure gauge 5 is a mechanical gauge with a range of 0-2 MPa and an accuracy of 0.001 MPa; the heating device is a water bath, which can stably maintain the temperature at 50°C. Except for the pipeline connected to the outlet of the heavy oil reactor 8, which is made of 3mm stainless steel, all other pipelines use 3mm nylon tubing. Inject approximately 2ml of liquid at 0.5-1 MPa to flush the oil outlet pipeline. Then, close the oil outlet valve 9 at 0.100 MPa and replace the waste oil cylinder with a 5mm glass tube. Open the outlet valve of the heavy oil reactor 8 and rotate the manual pump to inject 1.00ml of liquid (i.e., a fixed quantity of 1.00ml) at 0.3-0.6 MPa. When the pressure reading on pressure gauge 5 drops to 0.100 MPa, close the oil outlet valve 9, replace the 5mm glass tube, and repeat the above operation until all heavy oil has been extracted.

[0080] Using the apparatus of this embodiment, 1 ml of heavy oil B was filled into each of 10 glass tubes, and the mass of the heavy oil in the glass tubes was measured by weighing. The volume of the heavy oil in the glass tubes was calculated using the density of heavy oil B, and the results are as follows. Figure 3 As shown, from Figure 3 It can be seen that this heavy oil extraction device can accurately and quantitatively extract heavy oil with high repeatability. Moreover, during operation, the heavy oil is in a pressure-sealed environment and is only connected to the outside through a 3mm pipeline, thus avoiding the escape of light components and the contamination of experimental instruments and the environment by the heavy oil.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] 20 ml of heavy oil A needs to be transferred into a pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) container with a 10 mm inlet diameter to conduct a heavy oil expansion experiment. Figure 1 The heavy oil extraction device shown differs from that in Example 1 in that the amount of heavy oil extracted in this example is larger. Therefore, a plunger pump is recommended for the liquid pump 2, with a flow rate range of 0.001-107 ml / min. The plunger pump is equipped with an oil bath heater, which can stably control the temperature between 30-120℃. When extracting large quantities of heavy oil, using a plunger pump instead of a manual pump can save labor costs and make the operation faster and more efficient. The liquid addition device 1 is a common glass jar, connected to the plunger pump via a 3mm pipeline. The connecting pipeline is a 6mm outer diameter stainless steel pipeline. The heavy oil receiving container 10 is a PVT container. A needle valve is used.

[0083] The operating method differs from Example 1 in that: A plunger pump is used to inject approximately 2 ml of liquid at a rate of 0.5-5 ml / min to flush the pipeline connected to the outlet of the heavy oil reactor 8. Because the plunger pump needs to maintain a constant flow rate during quantitative liquid injection and cannot adjust the injection speed as easily as a manual pump, the oil outlet speed can be adjusted by changing the opening of the outlet needle valve, maintaining the injection pressure at 2-6 MPa. After stopping the injection, when the pressure drops to 0.9 MPa, the outlet valve 9 is closed, and the pipeline connected to the outlet of the heavy oil reactor 8 is moved from the waste oil cylinder into the PVT container. The outlet valve 9 is then opened, and 20.0 ml of liquid (i.e., the quantitative amount is 20.0 ml) is injected using the plunger pump at a rate of 0.5-5 ml / min. The oil outlet needle valve opening is adjusted to change the oil outlet speed, maintaining the injection pressure at 2-6 MPa. After stopping the injection, when the pressure drops to 0.9 MPa, the outlet valve 9 is closed. Finally, move the oil outlet pipeline to the waste oil cylinder, open all valves, and turn off the heating power. After the device has cooled down, close the oil outlet valve 9 and remove the waste oil cylinder.

[0084] Using the apparatus of this embodiment, 20 ml of heavy oil A was repeatedly filled into a PVT container 10 times, and the mass of the heavy oil was measured by weighing. The volume of the heavy oil in the PVT container was calculated using the density of heavy oil A, and the results are as follows. Figure 4 As shown, from Figure 4 It can be seen that this heavy oil extraction device can accurately and quantitatively extract heavy oil with high repeatability. Moreover, during operation, the heavy oil is in a pressurized closed environment and is rapidly cooled to room temperature after entering the PVT container, thus avoiding the escape of light components and the contamination of experimental instruments and the environment by the heavy oil.

[0085] Example 4

[0086] To conduct a heavy oil miscibility experiment, 1 ml of heavy oil A and 1 ml of heavy oil B need to be transferred simultaneously into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 5.0 mm. A method such as... Figure 5 The heavy oil extraction device shown completes this operation.

[0087] In this embodiment, the liquid pump 2 is a manual pump with a capacity of 100ml and a minimum dispensing volume of 0.01ml. Rotating the liquid pump 2 squeezes out the liquid, and the amount of liquid squeezed out can be accurately read using the scale on the pump 2. The liquid pump 2 is covered with an electric heating jacket to maintain its temperature between 30-120℃. In this embodiment, the liquid adding device 1 is a liquid adding tank, which is directly installed on top of the manual pump, and a ball valve is installed between the tank and the pump. The outlet of the liquid pump 2 is connected to the inlet of two heavy oil reactors 8, with an electronic pressure gauge installed in between. The pressure gauge has a range of 0-10MPa and an accuracy of 0.001MPa. Ball valves are installed on the pipelines connecting to the outlet of the liquid pump 2, the pressure gauge 5, and the inlet of the heavy oil reactors 8. The oil outlets of the two heavy oil reactors 8 enter a 5mm diameter glass tube (i.e., the heavy oil receiving container 10) through pipelines. In this embodiment, the connecting pipelines are 3mm outer diameter stainless steel pipelines. The heavy oil reactor 8 and the pipeline connected to its outlet are both covered with an electric heating jacket, which can stably maintain the temperature at 30-120℃. The first heavy oil reactor 8 contains heavy oil A, and the second heavy oil reactor 8 contains heavy oil B.

[0088] Before extracting heavy oil, first close the liquid pump outlet valve 4, open the liquid addition valve 3, and reverse the manual pump to add liquid. Then, close the liquid addition valve 3 and the oil outlet valve 9, and heat the manual pump, the second heavy oil vessel 8, and the pipeline connected to its oil outlet until the temperature reaches 50℃. Open the oil outlet valve 9 of the second heavy oil vessel 8, place the waste oil cylinder below the outlet of the pipeline connected to its oil outlet, rotate the manual pump, and inject about 2ml of liquid at 0.5-1MPa to flush the oil outlet pipeline. Then, close the oil outlet valve 9 at 0.100MPa and replace the waste oil cylinder with a 5mm glass tube. Open the oil outlet valve 9, rotate the manual pump, and inject 1.00ml of liquid (i.e., the metered amount is 1.00ml) at 0.3-0.6MPa. When the pressure reading on the pressure gauge 5 drops to 0.100MPa, close the oil outlet valve 9 and the liquid inlet valve 7. Then, heat the liquid pump 2, the first heavy oil vessel 8, and the pipeline connected to its outlet to 90°C. Open the outlet valve 9 of the first heavy oil vessel 8, place the waste oil cylinder below the outlet of the pipeline connected to its outlet, and rotate the manual pump. While the pressure gauge 5 reading does not exceed 5-6 MPa, inject approximately 2 ml of liquid into the heavy oil vessel 8 to flush the outlet pipeline with heavy oil. When the pressure reading drops to 1.00 MPa, close the outlet valve 9 and replace the waste oil cylinder with a 5 mm glass tube. Open the outlet valve 9 again, rotate the manual pump, and inject 1.00 ml of liquid at 3-4 MPa. When the pressure gauge 5 reading drops to 1.00 MPa, close the outlet valve 9. Finally, place the outlets of the two pipelines connected to the outlets of the two heavy oil vessels 8 into the waste oil cylinder, open all valves, and turn off the heating power. After the device cools down, close the outlet valve 9 and remove the waste oil cylinder.

[0089] Using the apparatus of this embodiment, 1 ml of heavy oil A and heavy oil B can be accurately filled into 5 mm glass tubes respectively, with the same accuracy and repeatability as in Examples 1 and 2. Moreover, during operation, the heavy oil is in a pressure-sealed environment and is only connected to the outside through a 3 mm pipeline, thus avoiding the escape of light components and the contamination of experimental instruments and the environment by the heavy oil.

[0090] Example 5

[0091] Similar to Example 1, except that a pressure gauge is missing, making it impossible to detect pressure data, the flow of heavy oil must be used as the starting point for heavy oil extraction. After injecting 1.0 ml of liquid, the flow of heavy oil at the outlet is observed. When the heavy oil stops flowing, the extraction is considered complete. Initially, heavy oil A flows slowly, taking more than 30 minutes to gradually stop flowing. This is because without pressure gauge 5, the pressure cannot be read, and the initial pressure must be set at atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the pressure in the heavy oil container 8 is insufficient, resulting in slow heavy oil flow. In Example 1, the pressure typically drops to 1.0 MPa within 1-3 minutes. Because of the high viscosity of heavy oil, when the flow stops visually, the remaining pressure in the system is still between 0.05-0.3 MPa, exhibiting significant fluctuations and randomness, making it impossible to guarantee that the system starts and ends at the same pressure. This leads to poor experimental repeatability, with the crude oil extraction volume fluctuating between 0.6-1.2 ml. Therefore, although the device of this embodiment can be used to take heavy oil when pressure gauge 5 is missing, its accuracy and repeatability are very poor, and the operation takes a long time.

[0092] Example 6

[0093] Similar to Example 1, except that a pressure vessel without a piston is used instead of the heavy oil vessel 8. When the injected liquid is partially or completely miscible with the heavy oil (such as silicone oil), the injected liquid will dissolve into the heavy oil, changing its properties. Therefore, this embodiment cannot be used to extract the heavy oil. When the injected liquid is immiscible with the heavy oil (such as water), theoretically, as long as the injection rate is low enough, the high-density aqueous phase will, under the stabilizing effect of gravity, push the heavy oil flow from bottom to top, thus achieving the same effect as the heavy oil vessel 8. However, in reality, the density of heavy oil A is close to that of water, and the low-viscosity water will penetrate the heavy oil, flowing directly from the inlet end and flowing out from the outlet end, without being able to push the heavy oil. Therefore, using this embodiment, a portion of the heavy oil will be extracted, and a portion of the injected liquid will also be extracted.

[0094] Example 7

[0095] Similar to Example 1, except that the heating device is missing, resulting in very poor fluidity of heavy oil A. Even when the heavy oil is taken under the system's ultimate pressure (30 MPa), the operation time will be greater than 2 hours per sample.

[0096] Example 8

[0097] The viscosity of crude oil C at 25°C is 1.23 mPa·s. 1 ml of crude oil C needs to be transferred into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 5.0 mm to conduct an oil-water phase experiment. The equipment described in Example 1 can also be used to extract crude oil in a closed pipeline, improving operational safety.

[0098] The extraction of crude oil C can be completed at room temperature without additional heating. Open outlet valve 9, place the waste oil cylinder under the outlet, and turn the manual pump to inject approximately 2 ml of liquid into the heavy oil reactor 8. Use the diluted crude oil to flush the outlet connection line. When no crude oil flows out of the outlet, replace the waste oil cylinder with a 5 mm glass tube. Turn the manual pump to inject 1.00 ml of liquid. When no crude oil flows out, replace the tube with a new 5 mm glass tube and repeat the above operation until all heavy oil has been extracted. Because crude oil C has a very low viscosity, even if the initial pressure is set to atmospheric pressure, 1.0 ml of crude oil can be extracted within 1-3 minutes, and the system pressure will return to the initial pressure. Finally, close outlet valve 9.

[0099] Using the apparatus of this embodiment, 1 ml of crude oil C was filled into each of 10 glass tubes, and the mass of the crude oil in the glass tubes was measured using a gravimetric method. The volume of the crude oil in the glass tubes was calculated based on the density of crude oil C, and the results (e.g.) Figure 6 As shown in the diagram, this device can accurately and quantitatively measure crude oil C with high repeatability. Furthermore, during operation, the crude oil is kept in a closed environment, connected to the outside only through a 3mm pipeline, thus preventing crude oil evaporation and contamination of the experimental instruments and the environment.

[0100] Comparative Example 1

[0101] Heavy oil A and heavy oil B are taken using a dropper. Even when heated to 90°C, heavy oil A cannot be drawn using a dropper. When heated to 90°C, a small amount of heavy oil B can be drawn using a dropper, but the heavy oil cools rapidly in the dropper and is difficult to squeeze out. Moreover, using a dropper to take hot oil exposes the hot oil to air, resulting in the loss of light components.

[0102] Comparative Example 2

[0103] Heavy oils A and B are taken using a pipette. After heating to 90°C, heavy oils A and B can be drawn in using a forward-facing pipette tip with a piston, and most of the heavy oil can also be expelled due to the piston. However, the heavy oil cools rapidly in the pipette tip and sticks to the walls, resulting in only 50%-90% of the set volume being obtained. For example, using a 1ml pipette to take heavy oil B, the initial volume is about 0.9ml, but as the heavy oil cools, the volume decreases to 0.5ml. Furthermore, the pipette tip cannot penetrate deeply into a 5mm glass tube, causing the heavy oil to accumulate at the tube opening, and subsequent additions will overflow. Moreover, a weighing method is required to correct the volume, which is not only cumbersome but also difficult to clean from the pipette and balance. Therefore, while this comparative method allows for the taking of heavy oil, it suffers from poor accuracy and repeatability, and is complex and difficult to clean. Repeated heating of the heavy oil also leads to the loss of its lighter components.

[0104] Comparative Example 3

[0105] Using syringes or microsyringes to extract viscous oil not only presents the same problems as in Comparative Example 2, but the viscous oil also contaminates the syringe, requiring the use of large amounts of organic solvents to clean the syringe, increasing the complexity of the operation and environmental costs.

[0106] This invention achieves heating of heavy oil in a sealed, constant-temperature environment using a heavy oil reactor, improving the flowability of the heavy oil and maintaining its constant composition. A liquid pump enables accurate and quantitative dispensing of heavy oil, improving measurement accuracy and repeatability. Connecting the pipeline to the final heavy oil receiving container achieves a fully closed-loop flow of the heavy oil, enhancing experimental safety, reducing external contamination, and facilitating post-dispensing cleanup. Therefore, this invention allows for the safe, rapid, and quantitative dispensing of heavy oil within a fully enclosed system.

[0107] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0108] The above technical solution is only one embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, based on the principles disclosed in the present invention, it is easy to make various types of improvements or modifications, and not limited to the technical solutions described in the specific embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing description is only a preferred option and is not restrictive.

Claims

1. A heavy oil extraction device, characterized in that: The heavy oil extraction device includes a liquid addition device, a liquid pump, a heavy oil kettle, and a heavy oil receiving container connected in sequence. The liquid dispensing device is used to deliver liquid to the liquid pump; The liquid pump is used to quantitatively deliver liquid into the heavy oil reactor; The heavy oil receiving container is used to receive heavy oil from the heavy oil reactor; The heavy oil reactor includes a shell and a piston disposed within the shell; The piston divides the inner cavity of the housing into two chambers: a liquid chamber and a heavy oil chamber. One end of the liquid chamber is a piston, and the other end is the liquid inlet, which is provided with a liquid inlet. One end of the heavy oil chamber is a piston, and the other end is an oil outlet. A sealing cap is provided at the oil outlet, and an oil outlet is provided on the sealing cap. A pressure gauge is connected via a branch line to the pipeline connecting the liquid pump and the heavy oil reactor for measuring pressure; The device is used to: inject a fixed amount of liquid into the liquid chamber of the heavy oil reactor at a pressure higher than the initial pressure using a liquid pump; as the heavy oil flows from the heavy oil chamber into the heavy oil receiving container, the pressure in the heavy oil reactor drops until the pressure returns to the initial pressure, at which point the receiving of heavy oil stops; at this point, the volume of the outflowing heavy oil is equal to the volume of the injected liquid.

2. The heavy oil extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid adding device is connected to the inlet of the liquid pump via a pipeline; The outlet of the liquid pump is connected to the inlet of the heavy oil reactor via a pipeline; The oil outlet of the heavy oil reactor is connected to the heavy oil receiving container via a pipeline.

3. The heavy oil extraction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A liquid filling valve is installed on the pipeline connecting the liquid filling device and the liquid pump; A liquid pump outlet valve and a liquid inlet valve are sequentially installed on the pipeline connecting the liquid pump and the heavy oil reactor. An oil outlet valve is installed on the pipeline connecting the heavy oil reactor and the heavy oil receiving container.

4. The heavy oil extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Pressure gauge valves are installed on the branch pipelines; The pressure gauge valve is located between the liquid pump outlet valve and the liquid inlet valve.

5. The heavy oil extraction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the pipeline is 1.5-12.5mm.

6. The heavy oil extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating device is installed on the outer wall of the heavy oil reactor; A heating device is installed on the pipeline connecting the heavy oil reactor and the heavy oil receiving container.

7. The heavy oil extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy oil extraction device includes multiple heavy oil kettles and multiple heavy oil receiving containers; Multiple branch lines branch off from the outlet of the liquid pump, each branch line connecting to a heavy oil vessel, and each heavy oil vessel connecting to its corresponding heavy oil receiving container via a pipeline.

8. A method for extracting heavy oil, characterized in that: The method is implemented using the heavy oil extraction device as described in any one of claims 1-7, and the method includes: Under pressure higher than the initial pressure, liquid is injected into the heavy oil reactor, and the flowing heavy oil is used to flush the pipeline connected to the oil outlet of the heavy oil reactor. The heavy oil flowing out from the oil outlet is collected by the waste oil cylinder. When the pressure drops to the initial pressure, the waste oil cylinder is replaced with a heavy oil receiving container, and a certain amount of liquid is injected into the heavy oil reactor at a pressure higher than the initial pressure. When the pressure drops to the initial pressure, the receiving of heavy oil stops. At this point, the volume of heavy oil in the receiving container is equal to the volume of the injected liquid.

9. The method for extracting heavy oil according to claim 8, characterized in that: For low-viscosity crude oil with a viscosity <10 mPa*s, the initial pressure is atmospheric pressure; For heavy oil with a viscosity of 10-1000 mPa*s, the initial pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa; For heavy oil with a viscosity of 1000-10000 mPa*s, the initial pressure is 0.3-0.8 MPa; For heavy oil with a viscosity >10000 mPa*s, the initial pressure is greater than 0.9 MPa.

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