Wall-back water collecting well communication type gravity type permeable ecological retaining wall

Abstract

The invention is a wall back water collecting well connected type gravity type water permeable ecological retaining wall, which comprises a retaining wall body and a wall back arranged behind the retaining wall body, the wall back is provided with a filter layer, a plurality of gravel filled water collecting wells are arranged on the front side of the filter layer 7 along the length direction of the retaining wall, the water collecting well is a semi-cylindrical structure, one side is a rectangular cross section, the rectangular cross section is closely attached to the wall surface of the filter layer, a plurality of mounting holes for connecting the upward inclined drain pipe are arranged on the front end of the water collecting well along the height direction; the adjacent gravel filled water collecting wells are connected by the inter-well connecting pipe; a clay layer is arranged below each gravel filled water collecting well; a plurality of planting grooves are arranged on the front side slope of the retaining wall body, a plurality of drain holes are arranged on the side wall of the planting groove. The gravity type retaining wall realizes efficient water permeability, anti-skid and ecological integration, and improves the prevention and control level of landslide geological disasters and the ecological environmental protection value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geological disaster prevention and control technology, specifically a gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back wall. Background Technology

[0002] In slope protection engineering, gravity retaining walls are widely used due to their good stability and simple structure. Gravity retaining walls are the most common type of retaining structure for landslide control or slope reinforcement. They rely on their own weight to maintain stability, using the weight of the wall to resist the soil pressure behind it. Under heavy rainfall conditions, gravity retaining walls often become unstable due to poor drainage. Therefore, permeability must be fully considered when designing gravity retaining walls. Many gravity retaining wall designs directly connect inclined drainage pipes to the soil. This practice not only may clog the pipes, but the drainage capacity of the inclined drainage pipes is also very limited, which can easily lead to instability under heavy rainfall conditions. For example:

[0003] Invention patent CN 110714479 A discloses a permeable gravity retaining wall structure with embedded crushed stone piles. The crushed stone columns are embedded in the retaining wall, and the space between the concrete and the slope soil is filled with graded sand filter layer. Drainage channels are provided on both the front and rear walls, and the drainage channels connect the embedded crushed stone columns and the graded sand filter layer. Two rows of inclined drainage pipes are also provided at the bottom of the front wall. Due to the limited drainage capacity of the inclined drainage pipes, the soil behind the wall is prone to exerting great pressure on the wall, making it difficult to ensure the stability of the retaining wall during heavy rainfall.

[0004] Invention patent CN 110714478 A discloses a permeable grid-type gravity ecological retaining wall structure, which integrates grid concrete with the base and front wall, and sets up fill soil of different gradations in the grid concrete. Drainage seams are set on each grid, and two rows of inclined drainage pipes are set at the bottom of the front wall. The inclined drainage pipes are not only easy to be blocked, but also the drainage effect is not ideal in a short time. In heavy rain, the water flow in the inclined drainage pipes below cannot play a role in a short time, and the drainage volume is small, which cannot reduce the soil pressure behind the wall in a short time.

[0005] Invention patent CN 110397050A is a novel beam-anchored lightweight drainage retaining wall and its construction method. The main wall surface of the invention is provided with multiple rows of drainage holes, which are connected to the corresponding collection wells through water pipes. Since the collection wells are relatively independent, the amount of water flowing into the wells during heavy rainfall may be greater than the drainage volume, and the wells are not connected to each other. During heavy rain, a large water pressure is easily formed behind the wall, which affects its stability.

[0006] Invention patent CN 110397049 A is a buttress retaining wall with drainage function and its construction method. In this invention, groundwater in the retained soil enters the gravel collection trough through a water pipe and is then discharged through a drainage hole. However, the water pipe is prone to blockage during heavy rainfall, resulting in limited drainage capacity and difficulty in coping with heavy rainfall.

[0007] The aforementioned literature all uses inclined drainage pipes connected to the soil behind the retaining wall. While theoretically feasible, this approach is prone to instability under extreme weather conditions. The drainage capacity of the inclined pipes is limited, failing to promptly drain water from the soil behind the wall. Furthermore, the pipes connected to the soil are more susceptible to blockage, placing significant pressure on the retaining wall and severely impacting its stability. On the other hand, increasing the size of the collection wells to accommodate heavy rainfall requires increasing their diameter, but this affects the structural integrity and density of the retaining wall, making it difficult to find a balance. Moreover, in many ecological retaining walls, vegetation often exhibits poor durability due to water scarcity, failing to achieve a harmonious balance between unobstructed drainage, good structural integrity, high density, and good vegetation durability.

[0008] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a permeable ecological retaining wall that ensures the structural integrity, density, permeability, and sufficient water supply to the vegetation belt of the gravity retaining wall. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention aims to solve the technical challenge of coordinating and unifying four aspects of retaining walls: smooth drainage, good structural integrity, high density, and good vegetation durability. It achieves efficient water permeability, anti-sliding, and ecological integration of gravity retaining walls, thereby improving the prevention and control of landslide geological disasters and enhancing their ecological and environmental protection value.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected backwater collection wells includes a retaining wall body and a backwater structure located behind the retaining wall body. The backwater structure is integrally provided with a filter layer. A number of gravel-filled collection wells 10 are provided along the length of the retaining wall on the front side of the filter layer 7. Each collection well has a semi-cylindrical structure with a rectangular cross-section on one side, which is tightly attached to the filter layer wall surface. Multiple installation holes for connecting inclined drainage pipes 5 are provided along the height direction at the front end of the collection well. Adjacent gravel-filled collection wells 10 are connected by a collection well connecting pipe 8.

[0012] A clay layer is placed below each gravel-filled water collection well, and the bottom of the clay layer is flush with the bottom of the back wall filter layer 7.

[0013] Multiple rows of planting grooves are set on the front slope of the main body of the retaining wall. Multiple drainage holes are set on the side wall of the planting grooves. Each drainage hole is connected to the outlet end of an inclined drainage pipe 5. The inlet end of the inclined drainage pipe 5 is connected to the installation hole at the front end of the water collection well.

[0014] The outlet end of the inclined drain pipe 5 is lower than the inlet end, and the outlet end is connected to the vegetation groove 4 on the front inclined surface. The vegetation groove 4 is planted with vine plants 2.

[0015] Furthermore, the inlet end of the lowest inclined drain pipe 5 is flush with the bottom of the collection well 10.

[0016] Furthermore, adjacent water collection wells are connected by a water collection well connecting pipe 8 to form a continuous water collection well structure, with the slope of the water collection well connecting pipe set at 3%-5%; the soil to be protected is located after the filter layer 7.

[0017] Furthermore, the inclined drain pipe is filled with instant noodle-shaped plastic blind drains.

[0018] Furthermore, the height of the retaining wall shall not exceed 8m, the bottom width shall be 0.5-0.7 times the height, and the slope of the front slope and the back slope shall be set according to the actual situation;

[0019] The spacing of the inclined drainage pipes along the length of the retaining wall is 1-2m, and the diameter of the inclined drainage pipes is 0.5-0.8m; the slope of the inclined drainage pipes is set to 2%-10%; the vegetation grooves are triangular prisms and are set on the slope of the retaining wall.

[0020] Furthermore, the diameter of the gravel filling the water collection well is larger than the diameter of the inclined drainage pipe and much larger than the particle diameter in the back filter layer of the wall.

[0021] Furthermore, the diameter of the sump filled with crushed stone is 0.3-0.5m, the shape is semi-cylindrical, the height of the sump is 50%-70% of the height of the retaining wall, the distance between the top of the sump filled with crushed stone and the top of the retaining wall is greater than 0.5m, the wall thickness of the sump is set to 25-35mm, and the diameter of the crushed stone particles in the sump is 100mm-500mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the filter layer includes geotextile; the clay layer below the gravel-filled sump is 0.5-1m thick, the filter layer is 0.5-0.8m thick, the bottom of the filter layer is at the same height as the clay layer, and its top is flush with the top surface of the retaining wall.

[0023] Furthermore, the non-uniformity coefficient of the filter layer is set to 2-3, and the mass content of particles smaller than 0.075mm is 3%-5%.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] This invention addresses the problem of water not being drained from the soil behind the retaining wall in a timely manner and the limited drainage capacity of the inclined drainage pipes. It directly connects the sump filled with gravel in the retaining wall to the filter layer, more effectively draining water from the soil. Furthermore, without affecting the structural integrity and density of the retaining wall, several interconnected sumps are installed, giving them a certain water storage capacity to cope with heavy rainfall. While solving the problems of existing technologies, it also makes full use of the water drained from the soil by planting vines in grooves at the outlet of the inclined drainage pipes, making the retaining wall both stable and ecological, achieving a permeable, anti-slip, and ecological integration.

[0026] Current technologies have poor adaptability to heavy rainfall. Under heavy rainfall conditions, the soil behind the retaining wall is prone to instability. The main reason for this instability is that existing technologies mainly rely on inclined drainage pipes directly connecting to the soil or filter layer behind the wall. Due to the limited diameter of these pipes, they cannot meet the drainage needs during heavy rainfall. This invention addresses this problem by proposing a connected permeable ecological gravity retaining wall. This design allows the gravel-filled collection wells to directly contact the filter layer behind the wall, ensuring sufficient drainage of the soil. The interconnected collection wells provide ample water collection space, effectively adapting to heavy rainfall. During heavy rainfall, the soil behind the wall can drain sufficiently, and the interconnected collection wells provide adequate water collection space. Furthermore, a layer of clay is added below the collection wells to prevent excessive seepage into the ground, thus ensuring the stability of the retaining wall or the soil behind it.

[0027] Water in the soil behind the wall flows into a sump filled with gravel and reaches a certain level. The water is then drained from the sump using an inclined drainage pipe. Grooves are carved at the horizontal level of the drainage holes on the slope, connecting the grooves to the holes. Vines are planted in these grooves, utilizing the water drained from the soil to provide moisture for the vines. This approach maximizes water resource utilization while also achieving ecological goals.

[0028] However, drainage holes in gravity retaining walls often fail to drain properly due to blockage by silt or sand, or by the slope directly blocking the inlet. This leads to excessive backwater pressure during heavy rains, causing the retaining structure to fail and resulting in landslides. Gravity retaining walls rely on their own weight to resist landslide thrust; therefore, the drainage system should minimize its adverse impact on the structural integrity and weight of the retaining wall. Thus, simply increasing the permeability of the retaining wall should not involve extensively "hollowing out" the internal structure, thereby compromising its integrity and reducing its density, making the retaining wall structurally vulnerable and weakening its resistance to landslides. In addition, ensuring the durability of vegetation on the retaining wall surface mainly involves improving the vegetation's ability to carry and retain water. Water is introduced into the vegetation grooves through inclined drainage pipes, utilizing sufficient water sources to enhance the vegetation's durability. If the water collection well structure is a non-connected type, when some inclined drainage pipes are blocked, some wells will not only be unable to drain water in time, but will also lead to insufficient water sources available to some vegetation. Over time, this will seriously affect the vegetation. If the water collection well is connected, it can not only increase the water collection space, but also ensure normal drainage even when there is blockage in the inclined drainage pipes, thus ensuring the durability of the vegetation and achieving a steady flow of water. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall, according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall, according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure of a gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall, according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure of a gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall, according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the CC cross-section structure of a gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall, according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] 1-Drainage hole; 2-Climbing plants; 3-Drainage ditch at the base of the wall; 4-Planting groove; 5-Inverted drainage pipe; 6-Clay layer; 7-Filter layer; 8-Connecting pipe between water collection wells; 9-Main body of retaining wall; 10-Water collection well. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] Slopes are prone to damage under conditions of heavy rainfall or continuous rainy weather. Retaining walls are often used in practical engineering to prevent disasters and take preventative measures. Gravity retaining walls are widely used in practice due to their structural stability. However, current technologies often involve directly embedding pipes within the retaining wall and connecting them directly to the soil. This approach frequently encounters problems such as pipe blockage, insufficient drainage, and inability to withstand heavy rainfall, thus preventing the retaining wall from fully fulfilling its function.

[0038] The main problem currently facing existing technologies in achieving both smooth drainage and structural integrity is insufficient drainage capacity or blockage of inclined drainage pipes. If the retaining wall needs to withstand extreme rainfall conditions, the sump needs sufficient water collection space. This is primarily addressed by changing the sump diameter; however, the chosen sump diameter affects the structural integrity of the retaining wall and reduces its density. Furthermore, since gravity retaining walls rely on their own weight for stability, the sump must achieve maximum drainage without compromising its density. Most existing sumps are independently installed; when the inclined drainage pipes become blocked, the water in the sump cannot drain, failing to meet drainage requirements and generating significant hydrostatic pressure, thus affecting the overall stability of the retaining wall. In addition, the primary cause of current vegetation durability issues is water shortage, and blockage of the inclined drainage pipes leading to poor drainage is the most direct cause of this problem.

[0039] In this invention, the gravel-filled water collection well is in direct contact with the soil. An inclined drainage pipe 5 is connected to the gravel-filled water collection well 10. To prevent soil erosion or blockage of the inclined drainage pipe, the water collection well is in contact with the filter layer 7 on the back of the wall. Behind the filter layer 7 is the soil to be protected, preventing direct contact between the inclined drainage pipe and the soil (i.e., in previous technologies, the filter layer and water collection well were connected using an inclined drainage pipe; in this invention, the water in the filter layer flows into the water collection well and then is discharged through the inclined drainage pipe). This alleviates the problem of blockage in the inclined drainage pipe to some extent. Simultaneously, a plastic blind drain (not shown in the figure) shaped like a ramen noodle is installed in the inclined drainage pipe 5, greatly solving the problem of easy blockage. Because there are connecting pipes 8 between the gravel-filled water collection wells, several water collection wells are connected together, providing strong water storage capacity and effectively solving the problem of small drainage capacity or inability to adapt to heavy rainfall in inclined drainage pipes. At the same time, a layer of clay 6 is pre-placed under the water collection well for seepage prevention, which can prevent excessive water from seeping downwards from the water collection well and affecting the stability of the retaining wall.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This embodiment of the gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back wall includes a retaining wall body 9 and a back wall set behind the retaining wall body. The back wall is provided with a filter layer 7, and the soil to be protected is behind the filter layer 7.

[0042] Define the side where the soil is located as the back and the side where the retaining wall is located as the front.

[0043] A number of gravel-filled water collection wells 10 are provided along the length of the retaining wall on the front side of the filter layer 7. The water collection wells are semi-cylindrical structures with a rectangular cross-section on one side. The rectangular cross-section is tightly attached to the filter layer wall. Multiple installation holes for connecting the inclined drainage pipes 5 are provided at the front end of the water collection wells along the height direction. Adjacent gravel-filled water collection wells 10 are connected by water collection well connecting pipes 8.

[0044] A clay layer 6 is provided below the sump filled with gravel, and the bottom of the clay layer is flush with the bottom of the back wall filter layer 7.

[0045] Multiple rows of planting grooves are set on the front slope of the main body of the retaining wall. Multiple drainage holes are set on the side wall of the planting grooves. Each drainage hole is connected to the outlet end of an inclined drainage pipe 5. The inlet end of the inclined drainage pipe 5 is connected to the installation hole at the front end of the water collection well.

[0046] The outlet end of the inclined drain pipe 5 is lower than the inlet end, and the outlet end is connected to the vegetation groove 4 on the front inclined surface. The vegetation groove 4 is planted with vine plants 2.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] In this embodiment, a corner drainage ditch 3 is set at the bottom of the front slope of the retaining wall soil. A number of inclined drainage pipes 5 are pre-embedded in the retaining wall soil 9 to drain water from the sump 10 filled with gravel. The inclined drainage pipes 5 are arranged along the length and height of the wall. The water inlet end of the lowest inclined drainage pipe 5 is level with the bottom of the sump 10 filled with gravel. Each drainage hole is connected to one inclined drainage pipe 5. The water outlet end of the inclined drainage pipe is placed at the drainage hole 1. The water outlet end of the inclined drainage pipe 5 is lower than the water inlet end and is connected to the vegetation groove 4. The vegetation groove 4 is planted with vine plants 2. Excess water flows out along the corner drainage ditch 3.

[0049] In this embodiment, the height of the retaining wall does not exceed 8m, and the bottom width (the distance from the bottom of the front slope to the filter layer) is 0.5-0.7 times the height of the retaining wall. The slope of the retaining wall slope (front slope) and the slope of the back of the wall are set according to the actual situation.

[0050] The spacing between the inclined drainage pipes along the length of the retaining wall is 1-2m, and the diameter of the inclined drainage pipes is 50-80mm. The outlet end of the inclined drainage pipe is located at the drainage hole, so the spacing of the drainage hole should be consistent with the spacing of the inclined drainage pipes. The slope of the inclined drainage pipe is set to 2%-10%, and the diameter of the drainage hole is 50-80mm. The drainage hole is set on the side wall of the vegetation groove along the length of the retaining wall. The vegetation groove is triangular prism and is set on the slope of the retaining wall. In this invention, the number of inclined drainage pipes along the height of the retaining wall is reasonably set according to the wall height and well height, and the length of the inclined drainage pipe is set according to the actual wall width.

[0051] The diameter of the crushed stone filling the sump is larger than that of the inclined drainage pipe and much larger than that of the particles in the filter layer. The diameter of the crushed stone-filled sump is 0.3-0.5m, and the shape is semi-cylindrical. The height of the sump is 50%-70% of the height of the retaining wall. The distance between the top of the crushed stone-filled sump and the top of the retaining wall is greater than 0.5m, and the bottom of the sump is 0.5m higher than the lowest drainage hole. The wall thickness of the sump is set at 30mm to resist wall stress. The particle diameter in the sump is 100-300mm.

[0052] The thickness of the clay layer 6 below the gravel-filled sump is 0.5-1m, and the thickness of the filter layer is 0.5-0.8m. The bottom of the filter layer is at the same height as the clay layer, and its top is flush with the top surface of the retaining wall. The non-uniformity coefficient of the filter layer is set to 2-3, and the mass content of gravel particles smaller than 0.075mm is 3%-5%.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] In this embodiment, the filter layer includes geotextile, which is applied to the side of the wall connecting to the main retaining wall. The maximum diameter longitudinal section of the sump is tightly attached to the filter layer on the wall, i.e., tightly attached to the geotextile. Two rows of inclined drainage pipes are installed along the height of the sump.

[0055] This invention, by setting up multiple interconnected water collection wells, not only solves the problem of retaining wall failure caused by blockage of the inclined drainage pipes, but also reduces the impact of water accumulation in the collection wells on the wall's density while ensuring smooth drainage. When creating water collection wells in a gravity retaining wall, the diameter of the wells must be carefully controlled to meet drainage capacity requirements while avoiding excessive diameter that could weaken structural integrity, thus balancing the requirements of smooth drainage and good structural integrity. Filling the bottom of the gravel-filled water collection wells with a clay impermeable layer prevents water seepage from affecting the wall's stability and density. After satisfying the requirements of smooth drainage, good structural integrity, and high density, this invention involves carving triangular prism-shaped planting grooves on the retaining wall slope. The vegetation is placed on the horizontal plane of these grooves, with drainage holes 1 arranged on the lateral inclined surfaces. The inclined drainage pipes provide sufficient water to the plants in the planting grooves through the drainage holes, ensuring the durability of the vegetation on the wall.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] This embodiment sets up two gravity retaining walls with different built-in drainage systems, thereby proving the rationality of the present invention.

[0058] The first type of retaining wall is the one described in this invention. Figure 1 The retaining wall shown uses a semi-cylindrical, interconnected drainage well, allowing its rectangular cross-section to directly contact the filter layer. The second type of retaining wall uses a built-in cylindrical, gravel-filled water collection well, with an inclined drainage pipe connecting the filter layer and the gravel-filled water collection well. The water collection wells of the two types of retaining walls are identical in all aspects except for their shape and contact relationship.

[0059] Numerical calculations show that the drainage rate of the first type of retaining wall is at least 25% higher than that of the second type, and the drainage capacity of the first type is at least 100% higher. Therefore, the first type of retaining wall has superior drainage capacity, resulting in relatively lower backwater pressure. Since gravity retaining walls rely on their own weight to maintain soil stability, the volume of the first type of retaining wall can be appropriately reduced. Considering factors such as drainage capacity and drainage rate, the retaining wall volume can be reduced by at least 10% while maintaining wall stability, while ensuring the same drainage effect. Reduced retaining wall volume means lighter weight and correspondingly lower pressure on the foundation, which helps reduce soil compression deformation and the possibility of uneven settlement. This avoids problems such as cracking and tilting of the retaining wall structure due to foundation settlement, ensuring structural integrity. If both types of sump pits have the same drainage capacity, the diameter of the sump pit in the retaining wall of this invention can be reduced by at least 30%, thereby reducing engineering costs while maintaining soil stability.

[0060] Therefore, this invention has a large drainage area while reducing the impact on the bulk density of the retaining wall, thus achieving a balance between the requirements of high bulk density and smooth drainage.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] In this embodiment, the connecting pipe between the water collection wells is set with a slope of 3%-5%, and the water flow problem after connection is considered when setting it, so as to provide sufficient flow space and appropriate flow speed for water. By setting a reasonable slope, potential energy is provided to promote flow.

[0063] Slope is the inclination of a pipe, representing the percentage change in its vertical height relative to its horizontal length. Multiple collection wells can be grouped adjacently, with 3-5 wells in each group. Within a group, the wells are connected to the central well, with the connecting pipes of the other wells inclined towards the central well. Different groups can be connected by different slopes, and the water flow is driven by gravitational potential energy.

[0064] This invention incorporates water collection wells within the retaining wall structure. The design of these wells takes into full account their impact on structural integrity and density, employing a semi-cylindrical shape. No wall is present between the well and the filter layer, further minimizing the impact on structural integrity and density while increasing the contact area between the well and the filter layer. The diameter of the water collection wells in this patent is 0.3-0.5m, carefully considering drainage strength and the stability of the retaining wall itself. The direct contact between the water collection wells and the filter layer ensures sufficient drainage of water from the soil behind the retaining wall. Adjacent wells are interconnected, providing ample water collection space and effectively reducing soil pressure behind the wall. During heavy rainfall, the interconnected wells provide sufficient water collection space, ensuring the stability of the retaining wall. While ensuring the stability of the retaining wall, the water resources of the inclined drainage pipes are fully utilized. Vegetation grooves are connected to the outlet of the inclined drainage pipes for planting vines, achieving an ecological purpose and realizing an integrated system of permeability, anti-slip, and ecology. This invention focuses on the design of smooth drainage, good structural integrity, high density, and good durability of the wall for vegetation, and makes the drainage system in the retaining wall more reasonable.

[0065] The retaining wall of this invention has a water collection well filled with gravel, which can have a certain high water level, effectively cope with heavy rainfall. The interconnected gravel-filled water collection wells can provide sufficient water collection space, and the soil behind the wall can be fully drained during heavy rainfall, thus ensuring its stability.

[0066] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve structures relevant to the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can be referred to with common designs. Unless otherwise specified, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0067] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0068] Any aspects not covered in this invention are applicable to existing technologies.

Claims

1. A gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected backwater collection wells, comprising a retaining wall body and a backwater structure disposed behind the retaining wall body, characterized in that, In response to heavy rainfall conditions, a filter layer is integrally installed on the back of the retaining wall. Several gravel-filled water collection wells are installed along the length of the retaining wall in front of the filter layer. Each water collection well has a semi-cylindrical structure with a rectangular cross-section on one side, which is tightly attached to the filter layer. Multiple installation holes for connecting inclined drainage pipes are provided at the front end of each water collection well along its height. Adjacent gravel-filled water collection wells are connected by inter-well connecting pipes. The water collection wells are located within the main body of the retaining wall. A clay layer is placed below each gravel-filled water collection well, with the bottom of the clay layer flush with the bottom of the back wall filter layer; Multiple rows of planting grooves are set on the front sloping surface of the retaining wall. Multiple drainage holes are set on the side wall of the planting grooves. Each drainage hole is connected to the outlet end of an inclined drainage pipe. The inlet end of the inclined drainage pipe is connected to the installation hole at the front end of the collection well. The outlet end of the inclined drainage pipe is lower than the inlet end and is connected to the planting groove on the front sloping surface. Vines are planted in the planting grooves. The diameter of the sump filled with crushed stone is 0.3-0.5m, the height of the sump is 50%-70% of the height of the retaining wall, the distance between the top of the sump filled with crushed stone and the top of the retaining wall is greater than 0.5m, the wall thickness of the sump is set to 25-35mm, and the diameter of the crushed stone particles in the sump is 100-300mm. Adjacent water collection wells are connected by a connecting pipe to form a continuous water collection well structure. The slope of the connecting pipe is set at 3%-5%. The soil to be protected is located after the filter layer. The retaining wall shall not exceed 8m in height and shall have a base width of 0.5-0.7 times its height. The diameter of the crushed stone filling the sump is larger than the diameter of the inclined drainage pipe and much larger than the particle diameter in the filter layer behind the wall; the spacing of the inclined drainage pipes along the length of the retaining wall is 1-2m, and the diameter of the inclined drainage pipes is 50-80mm; the slope of the inclined drainage pipes is set at 2%-10%. The clay layer below the gravel-filled sump is 0.5-1m thick, the filter layer is 0.5-0.8m thick, and the top of the filter layer is flush with the top of the retaining wall. The non-uniformity coefficient of the filter layer is set to 2-3, and the mass content of particles smaller than 0.075mm is 3%-5%. By directly contacting the sump filled with gravel in the retaining wall with the filter layer, water in the soil can be discharged more effectively. Furthermore, without affecting the structural integrity and density of the retaining wall, several interconnected sumps are set up so that the sumps have a certain water storage capacity to cope with heavy rainfall. This makes the retaining wall both stable and ecological, achieving a permeable-anti-slip ecological integration, ensuring the durability of vegetation and greening, and enabling a steady flow of water.

2. The gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet end of the lowest inclined drain pipe is level with the bottom of the collection well.

3. The gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined drainage pipe is filled with instant noodle-shaped plastic blind drains.

4. The gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slope of the front slope and the back of the wall are set according to the actual situation; the planting groove is triangular prism and is set on the front slope of the main body of the retaining wall.

5. The gravity-type permeable ecological retaining wall with interconnected water collection wells on the back of the wall as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filter layer includes geotextile.

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