Repair method for rubble-stone structures and rubble-stone structures

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for repairing a rubble-type structure, and a rubble-type structure constructed using this repair method, which involves filling a hole formed by rubble detaching from the base with foundation material of sufficient size, thereby firmly interlocking the foundation material with the existing rubble forming the inner surface of the hole. [Solution] A fabric formwork 6 that can expand into a three-dimensional shape is laid in a sheet-like state inside the hole 5 of the base 2. Next, fluid underwater concrete 7 is injected into the fabric formwork 6 to expand it, and the fabric formwork 6 expanded by the underwater concrete 7 is used as a foundation material to fill the hole 5, and is also inserted between the existing rubble stones 20 that form the inner surface of the hole 5.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for repairing a riprap structure and a riprap structure.

Background Art

[0002] As riprap structures, there are breakwaters, revetments, mooring shores, etc. Among such riprap structures, as shown in Patent Document 1, there is one in which riprap is stacked to construct a base part, and the slope of the base part is covered with a covering stone layer. By using such a riprap structure, the covering stone layer prevents the suction of riprap in the base part and the like, and due to its stable structure, it prevents waves hitting from the open sea.

[0003] By the way, in a riprap structure, as shown in Patent Document 2 (FIG. 3, FIG. 11), a submerged structure (for example, a caisson) as a gravity structure is constructed on the base part (top surface) built by stacking riprap, thereby constructing a breakwater, a mooring shore, a revetment, etc. (see also Patent Document 1

[0002] ). In such a riprap structure, as also shown in Patent Document 2

[0002] , due to scouring caused by water flow, waves, etc., the riprap in the base part may scatter and wash away, and leaving this situation will lead to the expansion, elongation, and further deepening of the escape holes due to the scattering and washing away of the riprap, and will impair the stability of the gravity structure. Therefore, when scattering and washing away of the riprap are recognized in the base part, repair is to be carried out. As a repair method, it is generally carried out to fill the repair location (inside the escape hole of the base part) with a base material (riprap) by a ship from the sea.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, if the repair method for holes in the rubble in the foundation is to fill the holes with foundation material, then it is not possible to insert foundation material larger than the opening of the hole, and relatively small foundation material that can fit inside the hole must be used. As a result, foundation material of this size cannot interlock with the existing rubble that forms the inner surface of the hole. Furthermore, it is difficult to interlock the foundation material with the existing rubble that forms the inner surface of the hole after the rubble has come loose, and it is practically impossible to interlock the foundation material with the existing rubble when filling the holes with foundation material. Therefore, in rubble-type structures that have undergone such repairs, the rubble in the foundation cannot be firmly integrated with each other, and the filled foundation material will be scattered and washed away due to new erosion caused by water flow, waves, etc., and will come loose, requiring further repairs.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its first objective is to provide a method for repairing a rubble-type structure in which a foundation material of sufficient size is filled into a hole formed by rubble stones coming out of the base, and the foundation material is firmly interlocked with the existing rubble stones that form the inner surface of the hole. The second objective is to provide a rubble-type structure constructed using the above repair method.

[0007] To achieve the first objective described above, the present invention has the following configurations (1) to (2).

[0008] (1) A method for repairing a rubble-stone structure in which rubble has come loose from the foundation, creating a hole in the foundation. In, A flexible sheet formwork capable of expanding into a three-dimensional shape is laid in the aforementioned hole in a non-three-dimensional state. Next, a fluid hardening material is injected into the flexible sheet formwork, causing the flexible sheet formwork to expand with the hardening material. The flexible sheet formwork, expanded with the aforementioned hardening material, is to be used as a base material, filling the hole and inserting it between the existing rubble stones that form the inner surface of the hole. It is a thing, Multiple flexible sheet formworks are prepared, and for each flexible sheet formwork, the process of laying the flexible sheet formwork in the hole and the process of injecting the fluid hardening material are carried out sequentially, thereby forming multiple flexible sheet formworks inflated by the hardening material in the hole. Multiple flexible sheet formwork molds, which have been inflated with the aforementioned hardening material, are connected to each other by inserting connecting reinforcing bars into the hardened material within each flexible sheet formwork, taking advantage of the fact that the hardened material within each flexible sheet formwork mold is still unhardened. It is considered to be the composition.

[0009] According to this configuration, a flexible sheet formwork is laid in the hole in a non-three-dimensional state, and a fluid hardening material is injected into the flexible sheet formwork to expand it. This expands the flexible sheet formwork, making it large enough to exceed the opening of the hole, allowing it to be inserted into the hole. Furthermore, by utilizing the fluidity (deformability) of the hardening material within the flexible sheet formwork, the expandable flexible sheet formwork is made to conform to the existing rubble forming the inner surface of the hole, and is inserted into the gaps between the rubble. After the hardening material has hardened, the flexible sheet formwork containing the hardened material can be firmly interlocked with the existing rubble as a foundation material. Therefore, this method provides a repair method for rubble-type structures in which a foundation material of sufficient size can be filled into the hole formed when rubble escapes from the base, and the foundation material can be firmly interlocked with the existing rubble. Of course, in this case, since the foundation material, which is a flexible sheet formwork containing the hardening material, can be filled into the hole with sufficient size, stability can be ensured by the weight of the foundation material.

[0010] Also, Configuration of (1) above In, Multiple flexible sheet formworks are prepared, and for each flexible sheet formwork, the process of laying the flexible sheet formwork in the hole and the process of injecting the fluid hardening material are carried out sequentially, thereby forming multiple flexible sheet formworks inflated with the hardening material in the hole, and adjacent flexible sheet formworks inflated with the hardening material are connected by inserting connecting reinforcing bars into the hardened material in both flexible sheet formworks, taking advantage of the fact that the hardened material in both flexible sheet formworks is not yet hardened. Therefore, multiple flexible sheet formwork molds, expanded with a hardening material, can be integrated and housed within the hole as a base material, enabling accurate repair of holes of various sizes.

[0011] (2) Under the configuration of (1) above, Each of the aforementioned flexible sheet formworks is configured to use a fabric formwork made from a flexible sheet material that is breathable, permeable to water, expandable, and has a predetermined strength.

[0012] In order to achieve the second object, the present invention has the following configuration (3).

[0013] (3) In a rubble structure provided with a base part built with rubble, a flexible sheet formwork inflated by storing a hardening material is provided in a part of the base part, the flexible sheet formwork inflated by storing the hardening material enters between the existing rubble around the flexible sheet formwork, and the flexible sheet formwork inflated by storing the hardening material and the existing rubble are engaged with each other It is a thing, Multiple flexible sheet formworks, which expand by housing the aforementioned hardening material, are provided in a part of the base section. Multiple flexible sheet formworks that have expanded by housing the aforementioned hardening material are connected to each other by inserting connecting reinforcing bars into the hardened material within each flexible sheet formwork, taking advantage of the fact that the hardened material within each flexible sheet formwork is still unhardened. It is configured as such.

[0014] According to this configuration, a rubble structure repaired by the method of (1) described above can be provided. Moreover, when constructing a rubble structure, if a flexible sheet formwork storing a hardening material is used from the beginning in a part of the base part, a rubble structure with enhanced strength of the base part can be constructed quickly.

Effect of the Invention

[0015] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for repairing a rubble structure in which a base material is filled into a hole formed by the extraction of rubble from a base part with a sufficient size, and the base material is firmly engaged with the existing rubble forming the inner surface of the hole. Further, a rubble structure constructed using the above repair method can be provided. When constructing a rubble structure, if a flexible sheet formwork storing a hardening material is used from the beginning in a part of the base part, a rubble structure with enhanced strength of the base part can be constructed quickly.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] [Figure 1] An explanatory diagram for explaining a caisson - type mooring quay as a rubble - mound structure. [Figure 2] An enlarged explanatory diagram showing an example of a hole formed in the base part used in the mooring quay of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] A process diagram showing the repair process of the base part used in the mooring quay according to the first embodiment. [Figure 4] A perspective view showing that the fabric formwork according to the first embodiment is in a non - three - dimensional state (sheet - like state). [Figure 5] An explanatory diagram for explaining that the fabric formwork according to the first embodiment is in a three - dimensional state. [Figure 6] An explanatory diagram for explaining the laying process of the fabric formwork according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] An explanatory diagram for explaining the injection process of underwater concrete according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8] An explanatory diagram for explaining the state where the construction according to the first embodiment is completed. [Figure 9] An explanatory diagram for explaining the second embodiment. [Figure 10] An explanatory diagram for explaining the third embodiment.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0017] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. First, the rubble - mound structure will be described. Rubble - mound structures include breakwaters, revetments, mooring quays, etc. As an example, in the present embodiment, a caisson - type mooring quay 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is shown. The mooring quay 1 is a structure where a ship directly touches the shore or is moored among the mooring facilities such as a quay wall, a pier, a dolphin, a floating pier, a cargo handling area, etc. The mooring quay 1 includes a base part 2 (foundation mound), a caisson 22 as an underwater structure placed on the top surface 2a (upper surface) of the base part 2, a back - filling stone arrangement area 23 and a back - filled soil arrangement area 24 that support the back surface of the caisson 22, an upper concrete 25 arranged on the upper part of the caisson 22, and an apron paving part 26 provided behind the upper concrete 25.

[0018] The base section 2 is constructed by piling up a large number of rubble stones 20 from the foundation ground surface BG below the water surface W to stabilize the mooring quay 1, and the top surface 2a of the base section 2 is formed as a long, flat surface extending toward the side away from land (sea side: left side in Figure 1), as is well known. Common rubble stones 20 (for example, 10-500 kg / piece) are used for this base section 2, and these rubble stones 20 are exposed on the top surface 2a of the base section 2. The caisson 22 is a large box formed using concrete or steel. The caisson 22 is filled with filling material 27, and the side 22a of the caisson 22 facing the sea is configured as a quay wall.

[0019] The backfill stone placement area 23 is the area where the backfill stones are placed in a filled state, and the backfill soil placement area 24 is the area where the backfill soil is provided. The backfill stone placement area 23 supports the entire back surface of the caisson 22, and the upper surface of the backfill stone placement area 23 is sloped downwards as it moves away from the caisson 22. The backfill soil placement area 24 is located above the backfill stone placement area 23, and its upper part extends to the top of the caisson 22 while forming the upper surface of the mooring shore 1. A sand-preventing sheet 28 is provided between the backfill stone placement area 23 and the backfill soil placement area 24.

[0020] The upper concrete 25 is located above the caisson 22, on the quay side of the upper tip of the backfill area 24. The upper surface of the upper concrete 25 forms the flat upper surface of the mooring quay 1, while its seaward-facing side 25a is continuous with the side 22a of the caisson 22, thus working together with the side 22a to form the quay surface. Accordingly, mooring posts 29 are provided on the upper surface of the upper concrete 25, and fenders 30 are provided on the side 25a of the upper concrete 25. The apron pavement section 26 extends a certain length from the upper concrete 25 toward the rear side (land side (right side in Figure 1)), and its upper surface replaces a part of the upper part of the backfill area 24, thereby forming the upper surface of the mooring quay 1.

[0021] In such a mooring pier 1, as shown in Figure 2, rubble 20 may dislodge from the top surface 2a of the base 2, forming a hole 5 in the base 2. This is thought to be due to the rubble 20 being scattered and washed away by erosion caused by water currents, waves, etc. If such a hole 5 is left unattended, the hole area 5A will further expand, extend, and deepen, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 1, impairing the stability of the caisson 22. Therefore, in order to prevent such a phenomenon, it is necessary to repair the hole 5 in the base 2 as soon as it is formed.

[0022] The repair method according to this embodiment (first embodiment) is designed to prevent the above-mentioned phenomenon and to minimize the need for further repairs after the initial repair. To this end, in the repair method according to this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, the preparation step, the fabric formwork laying step, and the underwater concrete injection step are carried out in order.

[0023] In the preparation process, the condition of the hole 5 is examined, and a fabric formwork 6 (see Figures 6 to 8 below) made of a flexible sheet material, and underwater concrete 7 as a hardening material are prepared according to the condition of the hole 5. This is because the underwater concrete 7, once poured into the fabric formwork 6, is placed in the hole 5 as a base material for repair, and the fabric formwork 6 and underwater concrete 7 must be used in a state that is suitable for the condition of the hole 5. For this reason, first, the condition of the hole 5 is examined, and at that time, various details are collected and measured, such as the diameter and area of ​​the inner bottom surface 5a of the hole 5 (formed from the existing rubble 20), the depth of the hole 5, the inner circumferential surface 5b of the hole 5 (the surface rising from the inner bottom surface 5a and formed from the existing rubble 20), the inner diameter of the opening, and the internal shape. Furthermore, from this information, the internal volume of the hole 5, the required weight of the base material (underwater concrete 7), and the required volume (required injection amount) are calculated. Specifically, the internal volume of loophole 5 is calculated (approximate value) using the state details (measured value) of loophole 5, and that internal volume and 20 sacrificial stones Specific gravity (e.g., 2.65 g / cm³) 3 The required weight of the underwater concrete 7 (foundation material) is calculated based on the following: the required weight of the underwater concrete 7 and its specific gravity (for example, 2.5 t / m³).3 The amount (volume) of underwater concrete 7 to be injected is calculated based on the above.

[0024] The fabric formwork 6 to be prepared basically has an internal space into which the underwater concrete 7 is to be poured, and has the function of expanding when the underwater concrete 7 in a fluid state is poured into the internal space. For this reason, in this embodiment, the fabric formwork 6 is made of a fabric material that is breathable, permeable to water, stretchable, and has a predetermined strength, and high-strength synthetic fibers (for example, polyester) are used to form the fabric material. In this embodiment, polyester fibers are used as the high-strength synthetic fibers, and the fabric material has a tensile strength of 350 (kgf / 3cm), an elongation of 16 (%), and a tear strength of 80 (kgf).

[0025] The fabric formwork 6 will now be described in more detail. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the fabric formwork 6 is made of the fabric material and consists of a lower surface portion 6a, an upper surface portion 6b located above the lower surface portion 6a, and a side surface portion 6c connecting the peripheral edges of the upper surface portion 6b and the lower surface portion 6a. These are capable of forming an internal space 6d (see Figure 5). Underwater concrete 7 can be injected into this internal space 6d through a fabric injection port (formed by joining fabric materials) 8 connected to the upper surface portion 6b by stitching. Therefore, when underwater concrete 7 is not injected into the fabric formwork 6, the upper surface portion 6b shrinks so as to overlap the lower surface portion 6a, and consequently, the side surface portion 6c folds (half-folds) near the approximate center in the vertical direction and can protrude to the outside of the upper surface portion 6b and the lower surface portion 6a, so that the fabric formwork 6 can be in a non-three-dimensional, sheet-like state (see Figure 4). On the other hand, when fluid underwater concrete 7 is poured into the fabric formwork 6, the upper surface 6b separates from the lower surface 6a and the side surface 6c expands, causing the fabric formwork 6 to become three-dimensional. In this embodiment, the upper surface 6b and lower surface 6a of the fabric formwork 6 are formed in a rectangular shape, and the corresponding edges of the upper surface 6b and lower surface 6a are connected via the side surface 6c. When the fabric formwork 6 becomes three-dimensional, it basically tries to extend upward to become a rectangular parallelepiped, and at this time, the side surface 6c expands outward due to the influence of the pouring of underwater concrete 7. The arrows in Figure 5 indicate that when the fabric formwork 6 tries to become three-dimensional, the side surface 6c mainly expands outward.

[0026] When selecting the fabric formwork 6 to be prepared, the condition of the hole 5 is taken into consideration, as described above. Specifically, it is considered that the capacity to accommodate the required amount of underwater concrete 7 to be injected is sufficient, that the bottom portion 6a is large enough to cover the entire inner bottom surface 5a of the hole 5, and that when underwater concrete 7 is injected into the fabric formwork 6 and the fabric formwork 6 expands, the side portions 6c will press against the inner circumferential surface 5b of the hole 5.

[0027] The underwater concrete 7 to be prepared contains known materials such as cement, water, sand (fine aggregate), gravel (coarse aggregate), and admixtures, and its specific gravity is equal to the specific gravity of the rubble 20 (for example, 2.65 g / cm³). 3 A value close to (for example, 2.5 t / m) 3 ) is selected. This is because even if a cloth formwork 6 containing underwater concrete 7 is used, as long as it is filled into the escape hole 5, it will have almost the same volume and weight as the removed rubble 20, and it can be visually confirmed that the required weight is met from the standpoint of the stability of the mooring shore 1 (simplification of work). This is particularly useful when the size of the escape hole 5 is large and multiple cloth formwork 6 containing underwater concrete 7 must be housed inside the escape hole 5 as foundation material. This is because if the weight of the cloth formwork 6 containing underwater concrete 7 is known in advance (standard product) and the inside of the escape hole 5 is filled with it, the required weight for the escape hole 5 will be secured, even if the escape hole 5 is large.

[0028] However, in the future, due to climate change and other factors, it is conceivable that strength and stability exceeding the previously assumed standards will be required. In that case, the aggregate used in the underwater concrete 7 will have a higher specific gravity than the standard used so far, thereby increasing the specific gravity of the underwater concrete 7 to a level higher than before (specific gravity of rubble 20 (for example, 2.65 g / cm³)). 3 This allows the weight to be increased beyond the previous weight (required weight) simply by keeping the required volume to be accommodated in the escape hole 5 the same, thereby improving strength and stability.

[0029] Once the above preparation steps are completed, the fabric formwork 6 is laid, as shown in Figures 3 and 6. This is to ensure that, regardless of the size of the opening of the hole 5, a base material (fabric formwork 6 containing the underwater concrete 7) larger than the opening of the hole 5 can be filled into the hole 5 in a later step, and that the base material can be properly interlocked with the existing rubble 20 that forms the inner surface of the hole 5. For this reason, the sheet-like fabric formwork 6 is laid so that its lower surface 6a covers the inner bottom surface 5a of the hole 5. At this time, it is preferable to raise the half-folded side portions 6c that protrude from the upper surface 6b and lower surface 6a along the inner circumferential surface 5b of the hole 5. This is to allow the fabric formwork 6 to smoothly expand and contract as the underwater concrete 7 is injected in the subsequent underwater concrete injection step. Furthermore, at this time, the folded side portion 6c may be held in place along the rubble 20 on the inner circumferential surface 5b of the escape hole, but it is more preferable to temporarily fix it with adhesive or the like. This is to prevent the folded side portion 6c from collapsing and separating from the inner circumferential surface 5b of the escape hole 5.

[0030] Once the process of laying the fabric formwork 6 is completed, the process of injecting the underwater concrete 7 is carried out, as shown in Figures 3 and 7. By injecting the underwater concrete 7 into the fabric formwork 6, the fabric formwork 6 is expanded three-dimensionally, and the fabric formwork 6 containing the underwater concrete 7 is used as a base material to fill the hole 5. At the same time, the fabric formwork 6 containing the underwater concrete 7 is used to enter the gaps 2aa between the existing rubble stones 20 that form the inner surface of the hole 5, thereby ensuring that the fabric formwork 6 containing the underwater concrete 7 interlocks with the existing rubble stones 20 on the inner surface of the hole 5.

[0031] To explain in more detail, in the process of injecting the underwater concrete 7, as shown in Figure 7, a supply hose 9 extending from a concrete pump truck (not shown) is connected to a fabric injection port 8, and the underwater concrete 7 is injected into the fabric formwork 6 via the supply hose 9 and the injection port 8. As a result, the fabric formwork 6 begins to expand, and its lower surface 6a is pressed against the bottom surface 5a inside the hole 5 and conforms to the bottom surface 5a inside the hole 5, while the upper surface 6b moves away from the lower surface 6a. As this movement occurs, the outer portion of the side portion 6c (one half-folded portion that is in contact with the inner surface 5b of the hole 5 based on its upright position during installation) is pressed against the inner surface 5b of the hole 5, while the inner portion of the side portion 6c (the other half-folded portion) rises without any obstruction, and as further injection of underwater concrete 7 occurs, this side portion 6c is also pressed outward against the inner surface 5b of the hole 5 (see Figures 6 and 7).

[0032] As a result, the side portion 6c enters the gap 2aa between the existing rubble stones 20 that form the inner circumferential surface 5b of the escape hole 5. The arrows inside the fabric formwork 6 in Figure 7 indicate that the fabric formwork 6 expands due to the injected underwater concrete 7, and based on this, the side portion 6c enters the gap 2aa between the existing rubble stones 20. At this time, by utilizing the fluidity of the underwater concrete 7 inside the fabric formwork 6 and applying external force to the underwater concrete 7 through the fabric formwork 6 with a pusher rod or the like, the underwater concrete 7 inside the fabric formwork 6 can be actively and accurately guided between the existing rubble stones 20. The arrows outside the fabric formwork 6 in Figure 7 indicate the external force applied to the fabric formwork 6 by a pusher rod or the like at that time. When a predetermined amount of underwater concrete 7 is injected into the fabric formwork 6, the injection is stopped and the supply hose 9 of the concrete pump truck is withdrawn from the injection port 8. Then, the injection port 8 is closed by tying it with a string and pushed into the fabric formwork 6, and the opening of the escape hole 5 is sealed by the fabric formwork 6 containing the underwater concrete 7, as shown in Figure 8. After this, the underwater concrete 7 inside the fabric formwork 6 is allowed to harden, and the construction is completed.

[0033] Figure 9 shows a second embodiment, and Figure 10 shows a third embodiment. In each of these embodiments, components identical to those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their descriptions are omitted.

[0034] The second embodiment shown in Figure 9 involves preparing multiple fabric formwork 6 and sequentially performing the process of laying the fabric formwork 6 in the hole 5 and injecting the fluidized underwater concrete 7 for each fabric formwork 6, thereby arranging multiple fabric formwork 6 inflated with underwater concrete 7 within the hole 5. Each of these fabric formwork 6 inflated with underwater concrete 7 is a standard product with a fixed weight and volume (standardized capacity for the fabric formwork 6 and the amount of underwater concrete injected), and these are arranged horizontally and overlap vertically to fill the hole 5. This makes it possible to repair the hole 5 even if it has expanded, stretched, or deepened. Figure 9 shows the state in which the fabric formwork 6 inflated with underwater concrete 7 are being assembled within the hole 5. In this case, adjacent pieces of fabric formwork 6, which have been expanded with underwater concrete 7, are connected by inserting connecting reinforcing bars 11 into the underwater concrete 7 within both pieces of fabric formwork 6, taking advantage of the fact that the underwater concrete 7 within both pieces of fabric formwork 6 is still unhardened.

[0035] Specifically, one end of the connecting reinforcement bar 11 is inserted into the fabric formwork 6 after the underwater concrete 7 has been poured into it, and the other end protrudes from the fabric formwork 6. Then, the other end of the connecting reinforcement bar 11 is inserted into the fabric formwork 6 that is adjacent to the fabric formwork 6 in the vertical or horizontal direction before the underwater concrete 7 is poured into it, and the underwater concrete 7 is poured into that fabric formwork 6. In particular, for fabric formwork 6 that are adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, when the height of the underwater concrete 7 poured into that fabric formwork 6 reaches the height of the connecting reinforcement bar 11, the other end of the connecting reinforcement bar 11 may be inserted into the adjacent fabric formwork 6. In this embodiment, epoxy resin reinforcement is used for the connecting reinforcement bar 11.

[0036] This allows multiple fabric formwork 6, inflated with underwater concrete 7, to be housed as a single unit within the escape hole 5, and can accurately accommodate the various sizes of escape holes 5. Of course, in this case, if the specific gravity of the underwater concrete 7 and the specific gravity of the rubble 20 are about the same, simply arranging multiple fabric formwork 6 containing the underwater concrete 7 to fill the escape hole 5 will satisfy the necessary weight for repair. If the specific gravity of the underwater concrete 7 is greater than the specific gravity of the rubble 20, then using multiple fabric formwork 6 containing the underwater concrete 7 will secure a weight greater than the necessary weight for repair, thereby increasing the strength and stability of the repaired mooring pier 1.

[0037] The third embodiment shown in Figure 10 shows the process of installing anchored stone materials 10 after the injection process of the underwater concrete has been completed. This is because, even at the bottom of the water, it may be necessary to cover the top surface of the cloth formwork 6 with stone materials 10a to harmonize with the surrounding environment (the environment on which the rubble stones 20 are laid). For this reason, multiple anchored stone materials 10 are prepared. Each anchored stone material 10 has one end of anchor 10b attached to the stone material 10a, with the other end extending away from the stone material 10a. Natural stone, artificial stone, etc. can be used as appropriate for the stone material 10a, and from the viewpoint of harmonizing with the surrounding environment, it is preferable to use natural stone. Regarding the size and weight of the natural stone, etc., since the installation work is performed by workers, it is preferable that it be small enough for workers to carry (20kg to 30kg). As for the anchor 10b, since it is embedded inside the underwater concrete 7, it is preferable that it be protected from corrosion, and in this embodiment, epoxy resin reinforcing bars, which are reinforcing bars coated with epoxy resin, are used. Furthermore, in selecting this anchor 10b, it is important to choose one that can adequately resist the lateral wave force on the stone material 10a with the shear stress of the anchor 10b (cross-sectional area of ​​the anchor 10b), and that can adequately resist the uplift pressure on the underside of the stone material 10a with the adhesion force of the anchor 10b (outer circumference of the anchor 10b × elongation length of the anchor 10b).

[0038] When installing the anchored stone 10 described above, while the underwater concrete 7 inside the fabric formwork 6, which is exposed from the hole 5, is still unhardened, the anchors 10b of each anchored stone 10 are inserted into the underwater concrete 7 through the fabric formwork 6, and each stone 10a is fixed to the upper surface of the fabric formwork 6 so as to cover its upper surface. This allows for better harmony with the surrounding environment than if the upper surface of the fabric formwork 6 were left exposed.

[0039] Although embodiments have been described above, the present invention also encompasses the following embodiments. (1) As a hardening material, in addition to the underwater concrete 7 mentioned above, a material that hardens after going through a fluid state (unhardened state), such as mortar, may be used. (2) The flexible sheet formwork may be made of a material other than cloth, as long as it expands when the underwater concrete 7 is injected and can be deformed by external forces. (3) During construction (especially when pouring underwater concrete 7 into the fabric formwork 6), a pollution prevention membrane shall be installed around the construction site to prevent the diffusion of pollutants even if they leak out during construction. (4) For repairing holes in the base section 2 (constructed from rubble 20) used in various rubble structures such as caisson-type composite dams, the present method shall be used regardless of whether the base section 2 is covered with irregularly shaped blocks, foundation blocks, covering stones, etc. (5) The construction using this method can be carried out either in a non-submerged or submerged environment. [Industrial applicability]

[0040] The present invention can be used to fill a hole 5 formed by the removal of rubble stones 20 from the base 2 with foundation material of sufficient size, and to firmly interlock the foundation material with the existing rubble stones 20 that form the inner surface of the hole 5. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0041] 1. Caisson-type mooring quay (rubblestone structure) 2. Base 2aa gap 5 loopholes 6. Fabric formwork (flexible sheet formwork) 7. Underwater concrete (hardening material) 11 connecting muscles 20 Sacrificial stones

Claims

1. A method for repairing a rubble-stone structure in which rubble stones have come loose from the foundation, forming a hole in the foundation, A flexible sheet formwork capable of expanding into a three-dimensional shape is laid in the aforementioned hole in a non-three-dimensional state. Next, a fluid hardening material is injected into the flexible sheet formwork, causing the flexible sheet formwork to expand with the hardening material. The flexible sheet formwork, expanded with the aforementioned hardening material, is filled into the hole as a base material and inserted between the existing rubble stones forming the inner surface of the hole. A method for repairing rubble-type structures, characterized by the following:

2. In claim 1, Multiple flexible sheet formworks are prepared, and for each flexible sheet formwork, the process of laying the flexible sheet formwork in the hole and the process of injecting the fluid hardening material are carried out sequentially, thereby forming multiple flexible sheet formworks inflated by the hardening material in the hole. Multiple flexible sheet formwork molds, which have been inflated with the aforementioned hardening material, are connected to each other by inserting connecting reinforcing bars into the hardened material within each flexible sheet formwork, taking advantage of the fact that the hardened material within each flexible sheet formwork mold is not yet hardened. A method for repairing rubble-type structures, characterized by the following:

3. In a rubble-stone structure, which has a foundation made of rubble stones, A flexible sheet formwork, which expands by housing a hardening material, is provided in a part of the aforementioned base portion. The flexible sheet formwork, which has expanded by housing the hardening material, enters into the space between the existing rubble stones surrounding the flexible sheet formwork, and the flexible sheet formwork, which has expanded by housing the hardening material, interlocks with the existing rubble stones. A rubble-type structure characterized by the following features.

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