Tunnel blasting ventilation device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel blasting ventilation device and method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel blasting ventilation. An opening in one end of the three-way pipeline is detachably mounted with the exhaust pipeline; a fresh air assembly is detachably installed on the three-way pipeline away from the exhaust pipeline through bolts. The other opening of the three-way pipeline is matched with the air draft assembly; the air draft assembly comprises an air draft pipeline, and multiple sets of fan blades are arranged in the air draft pipeline. One end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the three-way pipeline and is matched with the reducer; the air draft pipeline is installed at an opening in the side wall of the three-way pipeline, the openings in the two ends of the three-way pipeline are fixedly installed with the exhaust pipeline and the installation cylinder correspondingly, the fan blades are fixedly installed on a rotating shaft in the air draft pipeline, and the rotating shaft is installed on the inner wall of the air draft pipeline in a matched mode through a supporting frame. And the rotating shaft penetrates through one end of the three-way pipeline and is fixedly mounted with the speed reducer, so that contaminated air extracted from the air extraction assembly is exhausted to the outside of the tunnel through the air exhaust pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to the technical field of tunnel blasting ventilation, in particular to a tunnel blasting ventilation device and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel construction, blasting is a common excavation method. After blasting, a large amount of harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, etc., will be generated, and a large amount of dust will be raised. If these harmful substances cannot be discharged from the tunnel in time, they will seriously affect the health of construction workers, reduce construction efficiency, and may even cause safety accidents. For example, when the concentration of carbon monoxide reaches a certain level, it will cause poisoning and suffocation of construction workers. Long-term inhalation of high-concentration dust will cause occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. The space inside the tunnel is relatively closed and the air circulation is poor. It is difficult to discharge harmful gases and dust in a short time by natural ventilation alone. Special ventilation devices are needed to force ventilation to improve the air quality in the tunnel.

[0003] At present, the traditional tunnel construction operation adopts forced ventilation, exhaust ventilation or mixed ventilation. When the forced ventilation device is used for ventilation, the dirty air generated after the blasting cannot be dissipated in a short time. In the process of dissipation, when the tunnel distance is long, the wind pressure decays significantly with the increase of ventilation distance, and fresh air may not be effectively transported to the depth of the tunnel. Moreover, the path of dirty air discharge is relatively random, and some harmful gases may remain in some areas of the tunnel; when the exhaust ventilation device is used for ventilation, although the dirty air can be effectively extracted from the source of its generation, it is more effective for controlling the diffusion of harmful gases and dust, but if the exhaust ventilation is used alone, it may lead to insufficient supply of fresh air in the tunnel, especially in the construction area far away from the ventilator. Moreover, it cannot control the flow direction of fresh air well, which may make the air quality in some construction areas not effectively guaranteed. When the mixed ventilation device is used for ventilation, although it can effectively combine the advantages of forced ventilation and exhaust ventilation, the structure of the mixed ventilation device is relatively complex, and multiple ventilators are required, which increases the cost; it also needs to reasonably configure the installation of ventilation ducts.

[0004] After searching, Chinese patent application number CN202021313318.2 discloses a tunnel blasting ventilation device; it includes a fixed ring and a rotating ring arranged inside the fixed ring, the fixed ring and the rotating ring are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft, a protective cover is installed on the rotating ring, a motor is fixedly installed on the protective cover, a ventilation fan is connected to the output shaft of the motor, an air collecting cover is sleeved on the rotating ring, a filter pipe is connected to the other end of the air collecting cover, a filter element is installed inside the filter pipe, and a ventilation pipe is connected to the other end of the filter pipe, a plurality of atomizing nozzles are arranged on the top of the fixed ring, a water storage tank is arranged on one side of the fixed ring, and a water pump is installed on the water storage tank;

[0005] The ventilation device in the above patent fixes the fixing ring in the tunnel by means of a fixing device and a positioning pin. When ventilation is performed, toxic gases or outside air are transmitted through the same pipe. In this way, when fresh air is added to the interior of the tunnel, the toxic gases remaining in the pipe during exhaust are transmitted to the interior of the tunnel again, which cannot effectively ensure the addition of fresh air. In addition, spraying is also performed in the above patent. When the amount of water in the spray is large, it will also damage the working environment in the tunnel and affect the construction progress. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel blasting ventilation device and method thereof. In the present structure, the polluted air generated after the blasting is quickly extracted through the exhaust assembly. During the extraction process, the first bevel gear on the rotating shaft is meshed with the second bevel gear at one end of the worm, so that the worm drives the turbine to rotate. When the turbine rotates, the two rotating cam plates on the rotating shaft synchronously drive the sliding column to move the movable plate back and forth. During the movement of the movable plate back and forth, the push-pull rod drives the third cam to deflect, so as to open or close the first rotating plate. At the same time, the first cam at the other end of the first rotating plate drives the second cam to deflect through the first connecting rod, so as to open or close the second rotating plate, realize the switch between the installation cylinder and the fresh air duct, and realize the fresh air inside the fresh air duct to enter the tunnel, thereby realizing the ventilation effect inside the tunnel; so as to solve the problems of the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A tunnel blasting ventilation device comprises a three-way pipe; one end opening of the three-way pipe is detachably installed with the exhaust duct; the three-way pipe is away from the exhaust duct and a fresh air component is detachably installed by bolts; the other opening of the three-way pipe is installed in cooperation with the exhaust component; the exhaust component comprises an exhaust duct, one end of which is fixedly installed with the three-way pipe by bolts; a plurality of groups of fan blades are arranged inside the exhaust duct; the plurality of groups of fan blades are installed in cooperation with a rotating shaft; one end of the rotating shaft passes through the three-way pipe and is installed in cooperation with a reducer; the reducer is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the three-way pipe; the rotating shaft is movably installed with the exhaust duct through two brackets; a first bevel gear is also fixedly installed on the rotating shaft; the exhaust assembly is used to effectively extract and discharge the dirty air generated after the blasting inside the tunnel, so as to avoid a large amount of dirty air from polluting the working environment inside the tunnel;

[0009] The fresh air assembly comprises a mounting tube; a first rotating plate is movably mounted inside the end of the mounting tube away from the three-way pipe; a fresh air duct is detachably mounted on the side wall of the end of the mounting tube away from the three-way pipe; a second rotating plate is arranged between the fresh air duct and the mounting tube; the fresh air duct and the exhaust air duct have the same direction; thus, when the installation is completed and used, the fresh air duct and the exhaust air duct respectively take in fresh air and discharge dirty air;

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a transmission assembly and an air supply assembly are installed in the installation cylinder; wherein, the transmission assembly includes a worm; the worm penetrates the partition inside the installation cylinder, and is movably installed with the partition through two symmetrical fixing frames; one end of the worm extends to the end inside the three-way pipe and is fixedly installed with a second bevel gear; the second bevel gear is vertically arranged with the first bevel gear; the bottom of the other end of the worm is meshed with the turbine; the turbine is movably installed with the side wall of the installation cylinder through a rotating shaft and a bearing; two symmetrical rotating cam plates are fixedly installed on the rotating shaft; the two rotating cam plates are located on both sides of the turbine, and a track groove is provided on the side of the two rotating cam plates close to the turbine;

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the air supply assembly includes a movable plate; two symmetrical connecting frames are fixedly installed on one side of the movable plate; the connecting frame is movably connected to the connecting rod through a rotating shaft; one end of the connecting rod away from the connecting frame is movably installed with a sliding column; the sliding column is embedded in a track groove opened on the rotating cam plate;

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a slide groove is further provided on the side wall of the installation tube; the slide groove is slidably matched with the fixing rod; the fixing rod is fixedly installed on the movable plate, and a push-pull rod is movably installed on one end of the fixing rod away from the movable plate;

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first cam and the third cam are fixedly mounted on both ends of the rotating shaft of the first rotating plate; wherein the third cam is movably mounted on the end of the push-pull rod away from the fixed rod; the first cam is movably mounted on the second cam at one end of the rotating shaft of the second rotating plate through the first connecting rod;

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the exhaust duct and the fresh air duct can be connected to multiple ventilation ducts at one end away from the three-way duct and the fresh air assembly;

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a method for using a tunnel blasting ventilation device comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. First, fix one end of the three-way pipe to one end of the installation tube, and then fix the exhaust pipe to the three-way pipe;

[0017] S2. Fix the reducer to one end of the rotating shaft and fix the reducer to the outer wall of the three-way pipe;

[0018] S3, movably mounting the two ends of the push-pull rod on the fixed rod and the third cam respectively, and movably mounting the first cam at the other end of the first rotating plate on the second cam at one end of the second rotating plate through the first connecting rod;

[0019] S4. The assembled three-way pipe, exhaust assembly and fresh air assembly are detachably installed on the top of the tunnel through the hoisting structure;

[0020] S5. According to construction requirements, the ventilation ducts connecting the exhaust duct and the fresh air duct are extended to the outside of the tunnel;

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In the present invention, when in use, the exhaust duct is installed at the opening of the side wall of the three-way duct, the openings at both ends of the three-way duct are fixedly installed with the exhaust duct and the installation cylinder respectively, the fan blade is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft inside the exhaust duct, the rotating shaft is installed in cooperation with the inner wall of the exhaust duct through the support frame, and the rotating shaft passes through one end of the three-way duct and is fixedly installed with the reducer, so that the dirty air extracted from the exhaust assembly is discharged to the outside of the tunnel through the exhaust duct;

[0023] 2. In the present invention, during the exhaust process, when the rotating shaft drives the fan blades to rotate, the first bevel gear on the rotating shaft meshes with the second bevel gear at one end of the worm, so that the second bevel gear drives the worm to rotate, and the bottom of the end of the worm away from the second bevel gear meshes with the turbine, and the turbine synchronously drives the rotating shaft and the two rotating cam plates to rotate. When the rotating cam plate rotates, the sliding column moves through the track groove provided inside;

[0024] 3. In the present invention, as the rotating cam plate rotates, the track groove provided on the rotating cam plate realizes the sliding column pushing and pulling the connecting rod forward and backward, thereby effectively realizing the forward and backward movement of the movable plate. When the sliding column pulls the movable plate backward through the connecting rod and the connecting frame, the fixed rod on the movable plate pulls the third cam at one end of the first rotating plate through the push-pull rod to realize the flipping of the first rotating plate, thereby realizing the blocking of one end of the installation cylinder away from the three-way pipe, thereby preventing dirty air from entering the interior of the installation cylinder. At the same time, the first cam at the other end of the first rotating plate is connected to the second cam at one end of the second rotating plate through the first connecting rod, thereby realizing the communication between the fresh air duct and the installation cylinder, thereby realizing the entry of fresh air into the interior of the installation cylinder.

[0025] 4. In the present invention, as the rotating cam plate rotates, when the sliding column is pushed forward by the track groove opened on the rotating cam plate, the movable plate is pushed forward by the connecting rod and the connecting frame. At this time, the switching between the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate is realized by the push-pull rod, so that the first rotating plate opens the end of the mounting cylinder, and the second rotating plate closes the mounting cylinder and the fresh air duct, thereby preventing dirty air from entering the fresh air duct, thereby effectively ensuring the quality of fresh air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 Side view of.

[0028] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the bottom structure.

[0029] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 1 main view.

[0030] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 AA section view.

[0031] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the splitting.

[0032] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure.

[0033] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram of .

[0034] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 7 Another perspective structural diagram of .

[0035] Fig.10 The present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the splitting.

[0036] Fig.11 The present invention Fig. 9 Another perspective structural diagram of .

[0037] Fig.12 The present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B in the middle.

[0038] Fig.13 The present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of the local structure at point D in the middle.

[0039] Fig.14 The present invention Fig.11 Enlarged view of the local structure at point C in the middle.

[0040] Fig.15 The present invention Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the central air supply component.

[0041] In the figure: 1-exhaust duct, 2-fresh air duct, 3-three-way duct, 4-exhaust assembly, 40-exhaust duct, 41-reducer, 42-blade, 43-support frame, 44-rotating shaft, 45-first bevel gear, 5-fresh air assembly, 50-installation cylinder, 51-first rotating plate, 52-first connecting rod, 53-first cam, 54-second cam, 55-second rotating plate, 56-partition, 58-third cam, 6-transmission assembly, 60-turbine, 61-rotating cam plate, 62-worm, 63-second bevel gear, 64-fixed frame, 65-rotating shaft, 66-track groove, 7-air supply assembly, 70-movable plate, 71-connecting frame, 72-connecting rod, 73-sliding column, 74-push-pull rod, 75-fixed rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figure 1-11In an embodiment of the present invention, a tunnel blasting ventilation device is provided; it comprises a three-way pipe 3; one end opening of the three-way pipe 3 is detachably mounted with the exhaust pipe 1; the three-way pipe 3 is detachably mounted with a fresh air component 5 by bolts away from the exhaust pipe 1; the other opening of the three-way pipe 3 is mounted in cooperation with the exhaust component 4; the exhaust component 4 comprises an exhaust pipe 40, one end of which is fixedly mounted with the three-way pipe 3 by bolts; a plurality of groups of fan blades 42 are arranged inside the exhaust pipe 40; a plurality of groups of fan blades 42 are mounted in cooperation with a rotating shaft 44; one end of the rotating shaft 44 passes through the three-way pipe 3 and is mounted in cooperation with a reducer 41; the reducer 41 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the three-way pipe 3; the rotating shaft 44 is movably mounted with the exhaust pipe 40 through two brackets 43; a first bevel gear 45 is also fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 44;

[0044] The fresh air assembly 5 includes a mounting tube 50; a first rotating plate 51 is movably mounted inside the end of the mounting tube 50 away from the three-way pipe 3; a fresh air pipe 2 is detachably mounted on the side wall of the end of the mounting tube 50 away from the three-way pipe 3; a second rotating plate 55 is arranged between the fresh air pipe 2 and the mounting tube 50; the fresh air pipe 2 is in the same direction as the exhaust pipe 1;

[0045] The installation tube 50 is internally installed with a transmission assembly 6 and an air supply assembly 7; wherein, the transmission assembly 6 includes a worm 62; the worm 62 passes through the partition 56 inside the installation tube 50, and is movably installed with the partition 56 through two symmetrical fixing frames 64; one end of the worm 62 extends to one end inside the three-way pipe 3 and is fixedly installed with a second bevel gear 63; the second bevel gear 63 is vertically arranged with the first bevel gear 45; the bottom of the other end of the worm 62 is meshed with the turbine 60; the turbine 60 is movably installed with the side wall of the installation tube 50 through a rotating shaft 65 and a bearing; two symmetrical rotating cam plates 61 are fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 65; the two rotating cam plates 61 are located on both sides of the turbine 60, and the two rotating cam plates 61 are provided with a track groove 66 on the side close to the turbine 60.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, when in use, the exhaust duct 40 is installed at the opening of the side wall of the three-way duct 3, and the openings at both ends of the three-way duct 3 are fixedly installed with the exhaust duct 1 and the installation tube 50 respectively, and the fan blades 42 are fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 44 inside the exhaust duct 40. The rotating shaft 44 is installed with the inner wall of the exhaust duct 40 through the support frame 43, and the rotating shaft 44 passes through one end of the three-way duct 3 and is fixedly installed with the reducer 41, so as to realize that the dirty air extracted from the exhaust assembly 4 is discharged to the outside of the tunnel through the exhaust duct 1.

[0047] See also Figure 1-15In this embodiment, the air supply assembly 7 includes a movable plate 70; two symmetrical connecting frames 71 are fixedly installed on one side of the movable plate 70; the connecting frame 71 is movably connected to the connecting rod 72 through a rotating shaft; the end of the connecting rod 72 away from the connecting frame 71 is movably installed with a sliding column 73; the sliding column 73 is embedded in the track groove 66 opened on the rotating cam plate 61;

[0048] The side wall of the installation tube 50 is also provided with a slide groove; the slide groove is slidably matched with the fixing rod 75; the fixing rod 75 is fixedly installed on the movable plate 70, and a push-pull rod 74 is movably installed at one end of the fixing rod 75 away from the movable plate 70;

[0049] By adopting the above technical solution, during the exhaust process, when the rotating shaft 44 drives the fan blades 42 to rotate, the first bevel gear 45 on the rotating shaft 44 meshes with the second bevel gear 63 at one end of the worm 62, so that the second bevel gear 63 drives the worm 62 to rotate, and the bottom of the end of the worm 62 away from the second bevel gear 63 meshes with the turbine 60, and the turbine 60 synchronously drives the rotating shaft 65 and the two rotating cam plates 61 to rotate. When the rotating cam plate 61 rotates, the sliding column 73 moves through the track groove 66 provided inside.

[0050] Furthermore, the first cam 53 and the third cam 58 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the rotating shaft of the first rotating plate 51; wherein the third cam 58 is movably mounted on the end of the push-pull rod 74 away from the fixed rod 75; the first cam 53 is movably mounted on the second cam 54 at one end of the rotating shaft of the second rotating plate 55 through the first connecting rod 52;

[0051] In this embodiment, the exhaust duct 1 and the fresh air duct 2 can be connected to multiple ventilation ducts at one end away from the three-way duct 3 and the fresh air component 5;

[0052] As the rotating cam plate 61 rotates, the slide post 73 pushes and pulls the connecting rod 72 forward and backward through the track groove 66 provided on the rotating cam plate 61, thereby effectively realizing the forward and backward movement of the movable plate 70. When the slide post 73 pulls the movable plate 70 backward through the connecting rod 72 and the connecting frame 71 (moving backward, i.e., moving toward the Figure 7 The mounting tube 50 in the first rotating plate 51 moves downward), the fixed rod 75 on the movable plate 70 pulls the third cam 58 at one end of the first rotating plate 51 through the push-pull rod 74, so that the first rotating plate 51 is turned over, so that the mounting tube 50 is blocked away from the end of the three-way pipe 3 to prevent dirty air from entering the mounting tube 50. At the same time, the first cam 53 at the other end of the first rotating plate 51 is connected to the second cam 54 at one end of the second rotating plate 55 through the first connecting rod 52, so that the fresh air pipe 2 and the mounting tube 50 are connected, so that fresh air can enter the interior of the mounting tube 50.

[0053] Furthermore, as the rotating cam plate 61 rotates, the track groove 66 provided on the rotating cam plate 61 pushes the slide post 73 forward, and the movable plate 70 is pushed forward by the connecting rod 72 and the connecting frame 71. At this time, the first rotating plate 51 and the second rotating plate 55 are switched by the push-pull rod 74, so that the first rotating plate 51 opens the end of the installation cylinder 50, and the second rotating plate 55 closes the installation cylinder 50 and the fresh air duct 2, so as to prevent the dirty air from entering the fresh air duct 2, thereby effectively ensuring the quality of the fresh air.

[0054] A method for using a tunnel blasting ventilation device comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1. First, fix one end of the three-way pipe 3 to one end of the mounting tube 50, and then fix the exhaust pipe 40 to the three-way pipe 3;

[0056] S2, fix the reducer 41 to one end of the rotating shaft 44, and fix the reducer 41 to the outer wall of the three-way pipe 3;

[0057] S3, movably mounting the two ends of the push-pull rod 74 to the fixed rod 75 and the third cam 58 respectively, and movably mounting the first cam 53 at the other end of the first rotating plate 51 to the second cam 54 at one end of the second rotating plate 55 through the first connecting rod 52;

[0058] S4, the assembled three-way pipe 3, the exhaust assembly 4 and the fresh air assembly 5 are detachably installed on the top of the tunnel through the hoisting structure;

[0059] S5. According to construction requirements, the ventilation duct connecting the exhaust duct 1 and the fresh air duct 2 is extended to the outside of the tunnel;

[0060] By adopting the above technical solution, it is effectively ensured that after the tunnel blasting, the equipment can discharge the polluted air from the tunnel through the exhaust component 4, and at the same time, through the cooperation between the fresh air component 5, the transmission component 6 and the air supply component 7, the fresh air inside the fresh air duct 2 is transmitted to the inside of the tunnel.

[0061] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when in use, the exhaust duct 40 is installed at the opening of the side wall of the three-way duct 3, and the openings at both ends of the three-way duct 3 are fixedly installed with the exhaust duct 1 and the installation tube 50 respectively, and the fan blade 42 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 44 inside the exhaust duct 40, and the rotating shaft 44 is installed with the inner wall of the exhaust duct 40 through the support frame 43, and the rotating shaft 44 passes through one end of the three-way duct 3 and is fixedly installed with the reducer 41, so that the dirty air extracted from the exhaust assembly 4 is discharged to the outside of the tunnel through the exhaust duct 1;

[0062] During the exhaust process, when the rotating shaft 44 drives the fan blades 42 to rotate, the first bevel gear 45 on the rotating shaft 44 meshes with the second bevel gear 63 at one end of the worm 62, so that the second bevel gear 63 drives the worm 62 to rotate, and the bottom of the end of the worm 62 away from the second bevel gear 63 meshes with the turbine 60, and the turbine 60 synchronously drives the rotating shaft 65 and the two rotating cam plates 61 to rotate. When the rotating cam plate 61 rotates, the sliding column 73 moves through the track groove 66 provided inside.

[0063] As the rotating cam plate 61 rotates, the track groove 66 opened on the rotating cam plate 61 realizes that the sliding column 73 pushes and pulls the connecting rod 72 forward and backward, thereby effectively realizing the forward and backward movement of the movable plate 70. When the sliding column 73 pulls the movable plate 70 backward through the connecting rod 72 and the connecting frame 71, the fixed rod 75 on the movable plate 70 pulls the third cam 58 at one end of the first rotating plate 51 through the push-pull rod 74, so that the first rotating plate 51 is turned over, and the installation cylinder 50 is blocked away from one end of the three-way pipe 3 to prevent dirty air from entering the installation cylinder 50. At the same time, the first cam 53 at the other end of the first rotating plate 51 is connected to the second cam 54 at one end of the second rotating plate 55 through the first connecting rod 52, so that the fresh air duct 2 is connected with the installation cylinder 50, so that fresh air can enter the interior of the installation cylinder 50.

[0064] As the rotating cam plate 61 rotates, when the sliding column 73 is pushed forward by the track groove 66 opened on the rotating cam plate 61, the movable plate 70 is pushed forward by the connecting rod 72 and the connecting frame 71. At this time, the switching between the first rotating plate 51 and the second rotating plate 55 is realized by the push-pull rod 74, so that the first rotating plate 51 opens the end of the mounting cylinder 50, and the second rotating plate 55 closes the mounting cylinder 50 and the fresh air duct 2, preventing dirty air from entering the fresh air duct 2, thereby effectively ensuring the quality of fresh air.

[0065] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0066] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A tunnel blasting ventilation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a three-way pipe (3); one end opening of the three-way pipe (3) is detachably mounted on the exhaust pipe (1); a fresh air component (5) is detachably mounted on the three-way pipe (3) away from the exhaust pipe (1) via bolts; the other opening of the three-way pipe (3) is mounted in cooperation with an exhaust component (4); the exhaust component (4) comprises an exhaust pipe (40), one end of which is fixedly mounted on the three-way pipe (3) via bolts; the exhaust A plurality of groups of fan blades (42) are arranged inside the air duct (40); the plurality of groups of fan blades (42) are mounted on a rotating shaft (44); one end of the rotating shaft (44) passes through the three-way duct (3) and is mounted on a reducer (41); the reducer (41) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the three-way duct (3); the rotating shaft (44) is movably mounted on the exhaust duct (40) through two brackets (43); a first bevel gear (45) is also fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (44); The fresh air component (5) comprises a mounting tube (50); a first rotating plate (51) is movably mounted inside the end of the mounting tube (50) away from the three-way pipe (3); a fresh air pipe (2) is detachably mounted on the side wall of the end of the mounting tube (50) away from the three-way pipe (3); a second rotating plate (55) is arranged between the fresh air pipe (2) and the mounting tube (50); and the fresh air pipe (2) and the exhaust air pipe (1) have the same direction.

2. A tunnel blasting ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation cylinder (50) is provided with a transmission assembly (6) and an air supply assembly (7) in cooperation with each other; wherein the transmission assembly (6) comprises a worm (62); the worm (62) passes through a partition (56) in the installation cylinder (50) and is movably mounted on the partition (56) via two symmetrical fixing frames (64); one end of the worm (62) extends to the inside of the three-way pipe (3) and is fixedly mounted with a second bevel gear (63); the second bevel gear (63) is rotatably mounted on the first bevel gear (63); and the second bevel gear (63) is rotatably mounted on the first bevel gear (63). A bevel gear (45) is vertically arranged; the bottom of the other end of the worm (62) is meshed with the turbine (60); the turbine (60) is movably mounted on the side wall of the mounting tube (50) through a rotating shaft (65) and a bearing; two symmetrical rotating cam plates (61) are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (65); the two rotating cam plates (61) are located on both sides of the turbine (60), and a track groove (66) is provided on one side of the two rotating cam plates (61) close to the turbine (60).

3. A tunnel blasting ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply assembly (7) comprises a movable plate (70); two symmetrical connecting frames (71) are fixedly mounted on one side of the movable plate (70); the connecting frame (71) is movably connected to a connecting rod (72) via a rotating shaft; one end of the connecting rod (72) away from the connecting frame (71) is movably mounted on a sliding column (73); the sliding column (73) is embedded in a track groove (66) provided on a rotating cam plate (61).

4. A tunnel blasting ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding groove is also provided on the side wall of the installation tube (50); the sliding groove is slidably matched with the fixing rod (75); the fixing rod (75) is fixedly installed on the movable plate (70), and a push-pull rod (74) is movably installed on one end of the fixing rod (75) away from the movable plate (70).

5. The tunnel blasting ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cam (53) and the third cam (58) are respectively fixedly mounted on both ends of the rotating shaft of the first rotating plate (51); the third cam (58) is movably mounted on one end of the push-pull rod (74) away from the fixed rod (75); the first cam (53) is movably mounted on the second cam (54) at one end of the rotating shaft of the second rotating plate (55) through the first connecting rod (52).

6. The tunnel blasting ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the exhaust duct (1) and the fresh air duct (2) away from the three-way duct (3) and the fresh air assembly (5) can be connected to a plurality of ventilation ducts.

7. A method for using a tunnel blasting ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. First, one end of the three-way pipe (3) is fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting tube (50), and then the exhaust pipe (40) is fixedly mounted on the three-way pipe (3); S2, fixing the reducer (41) to one end of the rotating shaft (44), and fixing the reducer (41) to the outer wall of the three-way pipe (3); S3, movably mounting the two ends of the push-pull rod (74) on the fixed rod (75) and the third cam (58) respectively, and movably mounting the first cam (53) at the other end of the first rotating plate (51) on the second cam (54) at one end of the second rotating plate (55) through the first connecting rod (52); S4, the assembled three-way pipe (3), the exhaust assembly (4) and the fresh air assembly (5) are detachably mounted on the top of the tunnel through the hoisting structure; S5. According to construction requirements, the ventilation duct connecting the exhaust duct (1) and the fresh air duct (2) is extended to the outside of the tunnel.

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