Cylindrical oxidative combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium sample

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sample combustion and collection, and discloses a cylindrical oxidative combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples, which comprises an oxidative combustion module, a feeding module, an oxidative catalysis module and a three-way catalysis module. The oxidation combustion module comprises a combustion cylinder, a combustion pipe, a heater and a first air inlet pipe. The heater is arranged outside the combustion pipe in a sleeving mode and used for heating a sample to reach the ignition point and combust the sample, the feeding module comprises a base, a telescopic part, a sample containing part and a second gas inlet pipe, and the first gas inlet pipe and the second gas inlet pipe jointly introduce combustion-supporting gas into the combustion area; enabling the combustion-supporting gas to form a vortex so as to promote the sample to be fully combusted; the catalytic oxidation module accelerates catalytic oxidation of gas formed by sample combustion, and the gas oxidation combustion efficiency is further improved; and the three-way catalytic module makes the gas harmless. The combustion device is thorough in combustion and high in gas harmlessness degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sample combustion collection, in particular to a cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear facilities engaged in radioactive research and production may, under certain circumstances, release a certain amount of tritium (T or 3 H) and 14 C, and cause certain pollution to the environment. 14 C is mainly composed of HTO and 14 CO2 participates in the natural water and carbon cycle, the global biogeochemical cycle and all metabolic processes. 14 C is absorbed by plants and animals and transported here by these animal and plant foods. It is usually measured by monitoring tritium and 14 The content of C is used to assess the area affected by tritium and 14 C. The degree of pollution.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of my country's nuclear energy industry and the occurrence of nuclear leaks in Fukushima, Japan, the normal or accidental discharge of tritium and 14 The impact of C on the environment and the public has attracted increasing attention. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on environmental organic tritium and 14 C measurement. Currently commonly used tritium and 14 Among the C analysis methods, the analysis of organic tritium carbon is relatively difficult. Usually, the most effective method is to convert the sample into a liquid state and measure it using a liquid scintillation counter. 14 The content of C is low, so it needs to be converted into water and carbon dioxide for enrichment to increase tritium and 14 The existing sample preparation device not only takes a long time to prepare samples, but also has difficulty in taking into account both organic tritium and 14 In order to detect the tritium in sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon samples, 14 C and tritium content are generally determined by oxidizing and burning the sample under high temperature conditions and collecting the fully oxidized and burned gases, which include carbon dioxide and water.

[0004] The utility model patent "Oxidation Combustion Device for Preparing Organic Tritium Carbon Samples" announced on May 26, 2023 announced an oxidation combustion device for preparing organic tritium carbon samples, including an oxidation combustion furnace, a heating device and an absorption device. The internal space of the oxidation combustion furnace is divided into a sample placement area and a catalytic reaction area. The sample placement area is divided into a first space and a second space. The sample is placed in the first space. The first space has a vent. Oxygen enters the first space through the air inlet pipe, the secondary combustion air inlet, the second space, and the vent in turn, so that the pyrolysis products of the sample in the first space are burned, and the products after combustion enter the catalytic reaction area. However, the oxygen in the device is not in sufficient contact with the gas after the first combustion of the sample, and the combustion is not yet complete. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium sample, comprising:

[0007] An oxidation combustion module, the oxidation combustion module comprising a combustion tube, a combustion pipe, a heater and a first air inlet pipe; the combustion pipe is sleeved in the combustion tube, the combustion tube has a feed end and an air outlet end, a combustion zone, a first catalytic zone and a second catalytic zone are sequentially arranged in the combustion tube from the feed end to the air outlet end, the heater is sleeved on the outer wall of the combustion tube, the first air inlet pipe extends into the combustion zone, and the air outlet of the first air inlet pipe faces the feed end;

[0008] A feeding module, the feeding module is arranged opposite to the feeding end of the combustion tube, and comprises a base, a telescopic part, a sample placement part and a second air inlet pipe; the telescopic part is arranged on the base, the sample placement part is arranged at one end of the telescopic part away from the base, the second air inlet pipe is arranged on the sample placement part, and its air outlet faces the feeding end, the telescopic part is used to feed the sample on the sample placement part into the combustion tube and close the feeding end, the first air inlet pipe and the second air inlet pipe jointly introduce a combustion-supporting gas into the combustion zone, so that the combustion-supporting gas forms a vortex to promote the full combustion of the sample to form a first product;

[0009] An oxidation catalytic module, the oxidation catalytic module is arranged in the first catalytic zone, and is used to further oxidize and catalyze the first product to form a second product;

[0010] A three-way catalytic module is arranged in the second catalytic zone and is used to further detoxify the second product through an oxidation-reduction reaction.

[0011] Preferably, the heater is an electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire surrounds the entire combustion tube.

[0012] Preferably, the heater includes a first electric heating wire, a second electric heating wire and a third electric heating wire, the first electric heating wire surrounds the outside of the combustion zone, the second electric heating wire surrounds the outside of the first catalytic zone, and the third electric heating wire surrounds the outside of the second catalytic zone.

[0013] Preferably, the temperatures of the first electric heating wire, the second electric heating wire and the third electric heating wire are independently controlled.

[0014] Preferably, the sample placement portion comprises a support column on the telescopic portion, a sealing member disposed at an end of the support column away from the telescopic portion, and a sample holding member disposed at an end of the sealing member away from the support column.

[0015] Preferably, the sample holding member is a sample tube or a crucible.

[0016] Preferably, the oxidation catalytic module comprises a first quartz filter and a foam copper mesh whose surface component is copper oxide, which are sequentially arranged from the feed end to the gas outlet end.

[0017] Preferably, the three-way catalytic module comprises a second quartz filter and a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst which are sequentially arranged from the feed end to the gas outlet end.

[0018] Preferably, the gas outlet end of the combustion tube is provided with a gas outlet pipe seat, the gas outlet pipe seat is connected with a gas outlet pipe, and the gas outlet of the first gas inlet pipe is inserted from the gas outlet pipe seat and extends into the combustion zone.

[0019] Preferably, the cylindrical oxidation combustion device is a vertical cylindrical oxidation combustion device or a horizontal cylindrical oxidation combustion device.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium sample described in the present invention has the advantages that, taking oxygen as the combustion-supporting gas, the sample on the base is heated by oxygen, and after reaching the ignition temperature, it burns rapidly, and the oxidation produces gas (mainly including carbon monoxide (CO, containing 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH n , incompletely burned fuel components, including 14 CH n ), carbon tritium compounds (CT n , including 14 CT n )), carbon dioxide (CO2, containing14 CO2), water or tritium water (HTO, DTO or T2O)) and particulate matter (mainly incompletely burned hydrocarbon particles, 14 C hydrogen particles, carbon tritium particles and 14 C tritium particles); in the middle of the above-mentioned combustion tube: the gas and particles rise with the airflow, continue to burn under the action of oxygen, release a large amount of heat to accelerate combustion; in the upper part of the above-mentioned combustion tube, a pure oxygen airflow flowing downward is added through the air inlet pipe to intersect with the rising airflow, which can effectively supplement oxygen to accelerate combustion; at the same time, the pure oxygen airflow flowing downward intersects with the rising airflow, which will inevitably form a vortex microenvironment in the upper and middle areas of the above-mentioned combustion tube, and some unburned particles will also boil and burn like the ups and downs of the airflow, which is more conducive to the complete combustion of the sample. In addition to oxygen, in systems where other combustion-supporting gases exist, such as hydrogen, alkanes are the combustion-supporting gas or one of the combustion-supporting gases, the above-mentioned vortex environment can also be formed by the scheme of the present invention to promote the combustion of the corresponding system samples. The present invention is based on a three-stage cascade modular oxidation catalytic design, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of incomplete dual-zone combustion, tritium water and 14 The conversion efficiency of C carbon dioxide is higher, the vertical double-path oxygen combustion-supporting design based on the boiling combustion principle has high heat utilization efficiency and more complete combustion. In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using the device and a collection system, which is simple, the sample is fully burned, the gas is highly harmless, and the collection is convenient.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to one embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to one embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1 oxidation combustion module, 11 combustion tube, 12 combustion tube, 121 air outlet pipe seat, 122 air outlet pipe, 13 heater, 131 first electric heating wire, 132 second electric heating wire, 133 third electric heating wire, 14 first air inlet pipe;

[0028] 2 feeding module, 21 base, 22 telescopic part, 23 sample placement part, 231 support column, 232 sealing part, 233 sample holding part, 24 second air inlet pipe;

[0029] 3 oxidation catalytic module, 31 first quartz filter, 32 foam copper mesh;

[0030] 4 three-way catalytic module, 41 first quartz filter, 42 platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment discloses a cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples, including an oxidation combustion module 1, a feeding module 2, an oxidation catalytic module 3 and a three-way catalytic module 4. Among them, the oxidation combustion module 1 includes a combustion tube 11, a combustion tube 12, a heater 13 and a first air inlet pipe 14; the combustion tube 12 is sleeved in the combustion tube 11, and the combustion tube 12 has a feed end and an air outlet end. The combustion tube 12 is sequentially provided with a combustion zone, a first catalytic zone and a second catalytic zone from the feed end to the air outlet end. The heater 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the combustion tube 12, and the first air inlet pipe 14 extends into the combustion zone, and the air outlet of the first air inlet pipe 14 faces the feed end. The feeding module 2 is arranged opposite to the feeding end of the combustion tube 12, and includes a base 21, a telescopic part 22, a sample placement part 23 and a second air inlet pipe 24; the telescopic part 22 is arranged on the base 21, the sample placement part 23 is arranged at the end of the telescopic part 22 away from the base 21, the second air inlet pipe 24 is arranged on the sample placement part 23, and its air outlet faces the feeding end, the telescopic part 22 is used to feed the sample on the sample placement part 23 into the combustion tube 12 and close the feeding end, the first air inlet pipe 14 and the second air inlet pipe 24 jointly introduce the combustion-supporting gas into the combustion zone 12, so that the combustion-supporting gas forms a vortex to promote the full combustion of the sample to form a first product, the oxidation catalytic module is arranged in the first catalytic zone, and is used to further oxidize and catalyze the first product to form a second product, and the three-way catalytic module is arranged in the second catalytic zone, and is used to further detoxify the second product through an oxidation-reduction reaction.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the cylindrical oxidation combustion device is a vertical cylindrical oxidation combustion device, the combustion gas product moves from bottom to top, and the feeding direction of the feeding module 2 is from bottom to top. In specific implementation, the gas outlet end of the combustion tube 12 is provided with an outlet pipe seat 121, and the outlet pipe seat 121 is connected to an outlet pipe 122. The outlet of the first air inlet pipe 14 is inserted from the outlet pipe seat 121 and extends into the combustion zone, and the gas generated after combustion flows out from the outlet pipe 122. The first air inlet pipe 14 and the second air inlet pipe 24 can be provided with 1-2 respectively. The first air inlet pipe 14 introduces the combustion-supporting gas from the top of the combustion tube 12 downward into the combustion zone and flows downward. The second air inlet pipe 24 introduces the combustion-supporting gas from the sample placement part 23 upward into the combustion zone and flows upward. Specifically, the sample burns under the combustion support of the oxygen in the first air inlet pipe 24, and the oxygen in the first air inlet pipe 14 is further fully burned after mixing to form the first product. The heater 13 can heat the sample by heat conduction. In order to realize the heating function of the heater 13, the heater 13 and the position where it is installed on the combustion tube 12 can adopt the heating components in the prior art and select the installation position in the prior art. Those skilled in the art can select the heating components and installation positions in the prior art according to actual needs. The first product is catalytically oxidized by the oxidation catalytic module 3 to form the second product, and then further rendered harmless by the three-way catalytic module 4 through oxidation-reduction reaction.

[0035] The combustion-supporting gas is preferably oxygen. Since the combustion and post-treatment (oxidation, catalysis, reduction) are efficient and thorough, the sample processing volume is not less than 100g of biological radioactive samples, or 200g of sediment / soil samples each time. More specifically, in the first air inlet pipe 14 and the second air inlet pipe 24, the oxygen flow rate of the second air inlet pipe 24 is 0.12L / min-0.5L / min, and the oxygen flow rate of the first air inlet pipe 14 is 0.12L / min-0.5L / min. In this embodiment, the flow rates of both air inlet pipes can be selected as 0.12L / min, and the oxygen flow rates in the two air inlet pipes are independently controlled by two flow meters (the flow rate of oxygen required for the specific experiment is adjusted according to the organic matter and oil content in the sample).

[0036] The vertical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples of this embodiment has the advantages that, taking oxygen as the combustion-supporting gas, the sample on the base is heated by oxygen, and after reaching the ignition temperature, it burns rapidly, and the oxidation produces gas (mainly including carbon monoxide (CO, containing 14 CO), hydrocarbons (mainly incompletely burned hydrocarbons CH n , including 14 C Hydrogen Compounds 14 CH n , Carbon tritium compound CT n , 14 C tritium compounds 14 CTn , where the subscript n represents the number of atoms, the same below), carbon tritium compound (CT n , including 14 CT n ), carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14 CO2), water or tritium water (H2O, containing HTO, DTO and T2O) and particulate matter (mainly incompletely burned hydrocarbons C n H m O k , including 14 C n H m O k , C n T m O k and 14 C n T n O k etc. particles; wherein the subscripts n, m and k represent the atomic number, the same below); in the middle of the above-mentioned combustion tube: the gas and particles rise with the airflow, continue to burn under the action of oxygen, release a large amount of heat to accelerate combustion; in the upper part of the above-mentioned combustion tube, a pure oxygen airflow flowing downward is added through the air intake pipe to intersect with the rising airflow, which can effectively supplement oxygen to accelerate combustion; at the same time, the pure oxygen airflow flowing downward intersects with the rising airflow, which will inevitably form a vortex microenvironment in the upper and middle areas of the above-mentioned combustion tube, and some unburned particles will also boil and burn like the ups and downs of the airflow, which is more conducive to the complete combustion of the sample. In addition to oxygen, in systems where other combustion-supporting gases exist, such as hydrogen, alkanes are the combustion-supporting gas or one of the combustion-supporting gases, the above-mentioned vortex environment can also be formed by the scheme of the present invention to promote the combustion of the corresponding system sample. The present invention is based on a three-stage cascade modular oxidation catalytic design, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of incomplete dual-zone combustion, tritium water and 14 The conversion efficiency of C carbon dioxide is higher, the vertical dual-path oxygen combustion-assisted design is based on the principle of boiling combustion, and the heat utilization efficiency is high, and the combustion is more complete.

[0037] Specifically, the heater 13 is an electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire surrounds the entire combustion tube 12. The heater 13 includes a first electric heating wire 131, a second electric heating wire 132, and a third electric heating wire 133. The first electric heating wire 131 surrounds the outside of the combustion zone, the second electric heating wire 131 surrounds the outside of the first catalytic zone, and the third electric heating wire 131 surrounds the outside of the second catalytic zone. In specific implementation, the electric heating wire is sleeved on the outer side of the combustion tube 12, and its sleeve position needs to achieve this function, that is, the sample reaches the ignition point and burns by heating. Those skilled in the art can select the sleeve position of the electric heating wire according to existing technology and actual needs.

[0038] The temperatures of the first electric heating wire 131, the second electric heating wire 132, and the third electric heating wire 133 are independently controlled. In specific implementation, the first electric heating wire 131 heats the combustion zone, the second electric heating wire 132 heats the first catalytic zone, and the third electric heating wire 133 heats the second catalytic zone. The three electric heating wires heat the three areas respectively, thereby controlling the heating temperature of each area respectively, which is conducive to the heating reaction and ensures that the reaction is more sufficient. In this embodiment, the heating temperature of the first electric heating wire 131 is 400℃-1200℃, the heating temperature of the second electric heating wire 132 is 400℃-1200℃, and the heating temperature of the third electric heating wire is 400℃-800℃.

[0039] The sample placement part 23 includes a support column 231 on the telescopic part 22, a sealing member 232 disposed at one end of the support column 231 away from the telescopic part 22, and a sample holding member 233 disposed at one end of the sealing member 232 away from the support column 231. Specifically, the sample holding member 233 is a sample tube or a crucible.

[0040] During specific implementation, the sample is placed on the sample holding part 233, and the telescopic part 22 drives the sample placing part 23 to move upward, so that the sealing part 232 blocks the feeding end of the combustion tube 12. At this time, the sample is located in the combustion zone. When the first air inlet pipe 14 extends into the combustion zone from the top of the combustion tube 12, and the second air inlet pipe 24 extends into the combustion zone from the sample holding part 233, the sample burns to form gas and particulate matter under the action of the combustion-supporting gas (oxygen) in the first air inlet pipe 14 and the second air inlet pipe 24 and the heater 13 (heating the sample to the ignition point to make the sample burn). The gas and particulate matter rise and further burn in the middle of the combustion zone. The further burned gas and a small amount of particulate matter form a vortex with the combustion-supporting gas (oxygen) flowing out of the first air inlet pipe 14 in the upper part of the combustion zone and are fully burned.

[0041] Specifically, the telescopic portion 22 may be a linear drive mechanism commonly used in the prior art, such as an electric push rod, a pneumatic cylinder, or an oil cylinder.

[0042] The oxidation catalytic module 3 includes a first quartz filter 31 and a foam copper mesh 32 whose surface component is copper oxide, which are arranged in sequence from the feed end to the gas outlet end. The first quartz filter 31 is used to prevent the foam copper mesh 32 and copper oxide from falling into the combustion zone. The first product flows from the first quartz filter 31 to the foam copper mesh 32, forms the second product through the foam copper mesh 32, and then flows to the three-way catalytic module 4.

[0043] In specific implementation, the foam copper mesh 32 is oxidized at high temperature before the reaction, and CuO is generated on the surface. When the sample reacts, copper oxide plays the dual role of oxidant and catalyst, so that the sample burns to form a further combustible gas (carbon monoxide (CO, containing 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH n, incompletely burned fuel components, including 14 CH n ), carbon tritium compounds (CT n , including 14 CT n )) accelerates combustion and generates carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14 CO2), water (H2O) or tritium water (HTO, DTO, or T2O), the combustion rate reaches 90%. At the same time, at high temperature, copper oxide can also catalyze carbon monoxide (CO, containing 14 CO) is oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14 CO2), catalytic hydrocarbons (CH n , incompletely burned fuel components, including 14 CH n ), carbon tritium compounds (CT n , including 14 CT n ) reacts with O2 to produce carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14 CO2), water (H2O) or tritiated water (HTO, DTO, or T2O), or carbon monoxide (CO, containing 14 CO) is oxidized by CuO to produce carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14 CO2), at which point CuO is reduced to Cu. After further catalytic oxidation of CuO, the combustion rate of the sample can reach 90%, reducing the working pressure of the three-way catalytic module.

[0044] Preferably, the three-way catalytic module 4 comprises a second quartz filter 41 and a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 42 which are sequentially arranged from the feed end to the gas outlet end.

[0045] In specific implementation, the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst 42 provides a surface with a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst, and the carrier for the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst is a porous ceramic. The platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalyst allows the oxidation-reduction reaction of the gas oxidized and catalyzed by the oxidation catalytic module to be carried out efficiently at a relatively low temperature. In the oxidation-reduction reaction process, carbon monoxide (CO, containing 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH n , incompletely burned fuel components, including 14 CH n ), carbon tritium compounds (C 3 H n , including 14 C 3 H n ) and nitrogen oxides (NO n These harmful gases are converted into relatively harmless carbon dioxide (CO2, containing 14CO2), water (H2O, including tritium water HTO and T2O) and nitrogen (N2). 14 CO), hydrocarbons (CH n , including 14 CH n ), carbon tritium compounds (CT n , including 14 CT n ) is oxidized to generate carbon dioxide (CO, containing 14 CO), water (H2O, tritiated water HTO and T2O), nitrogen oxides (NO n ) is reduced to nitrogen (N2) under the action of the catalyst. This is a reduction process. Through this redox process, the oxidized catalytic gas is rendered harmless, easy to collect and avoids environmental pollution caused by gas leakage. And nitrogen oxides (NO n ) is converted into nitrogen (N2), which effectively reduces the acidity of water and tritium water and the quenching effect and color effect of subsequent liquid scintillation, and improves the measurement efficiency of tritium carbon.

[0046] In the vertical oxidation combustion device of this embodiment, the oxidation catalytic module 3 and the three-way catalytic module 4 are both arranged in the combustion tube 12, which has a compact structure, saves space and is easy to operate.

[0047] In specific implementation, the generation process of the product to be separated is as follows: the sample holding part 233 is lowered through the telescopic part 22, the sample is placed in it, and then the sample holding part 233 is raised to make it integrated with the combustion tube 12; the second electric heating wire 132 is controlled to heat the temperature of the first catalytic zone to 800°C, the heating rate is 10-12°C / min, and the foam copper mesh 32 is continuously heated at a constant temperature, and the third electric heating wire 133 is used to heat the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 42, the heating temperature is 600°C, and the heating rate is 10-12°C / min. When the foam copper mesh 32 and the platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter 42 reach 800°C and 600°C, combustion-supporting gas is introduced from the top and bottom of the combustion tube 12 through the first air intake pipe 14 and the second air intake pipe 24, and the first electric heating wire 131 is controlled to heat the temperature of the combustion zone to 800°C, with a heating rate of 10-12°C / min, and then the sample is heated to the ignition point at a constant temperature, and heating or constant temperature, oxidation, catalysis, and reduction are continued until the gas formed by the combustion of the sample is rendered harmless.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This embodiment also discloses an oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples, and its technical solution is substantially the same as that in Example 1, except that the cylindrical oxidation combustion device is a horizontal cylindrical oxidation combustion device, such as Figure 2As shown. The flow direction of the combustion gas product is from left to right or from right to left, and the feeding direction of the feeding module 2 is from left to right or from right to left, which can be set according to actual conditions. Compared with the vertical type, the horizontal cylindrical oxidation combustion device can save space and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of heat.

[0050] During combustion, in the middle of the above-mentioned combustion tube 12: the oxidized combustion gas (and particulate matter) moves horizontally with the airflow, continues to burn under the action of oxygen, releases a large amount of heat to accelerate combustion; at the end of the above-mentioned combustion tube 12, a pure oxygen flow is added to the oxidized combustion gas (and particulate matter) in reverse through the second air inlet pipe 24, and intersects with the horizontal airflow of the oxidized combustion gas (and particulate matter), which can effectively supplement oxygen to accelerate combustion; at the same time, the reverse pure oxygen flow intersects with the horizontal airflow of the oxidized combustion gas (and particulate matter), which will inevitably form a vortex microenvironment in the upper middle area of ​​the above-mentioned combustion tube 12, accelerating the complete combustion of the sample. In addition to oxygen, in systems where other combustion-supporting gases exist, such as hydrogen, alkanes are combustion-supporting gases or one of the combustion-supporting gases, the above-mentioned vortex environment can also be formed by the scheme of the present invention to promote the combustion of the corresponding system sample. In addition, the present invention is based on a three-stage cascade modular oxidation catalytic design, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of incomplete dual-zone combustion, and the conversion efficiency of tritium water and carbon-14 carbon dioxide is higher, and the horizontal double-path oxygen combustion-supporting design has high heat utilization efficiency and more complete combustion.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0052] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples, characterized in that: include: An oxidative combustion module (1), the oxidative combustion module (1) comprising a combustion tube (11), a combustion pipe (12), a heater (13) and a first air inlet pipe (14); the combustion tube (12) is sleeved in the combustion tube (11), the combustion tube (12) has a feed end and an air outlet end, a combustion zone, a first catalytic zone and a second catalytic zone are sequentially arranged in the combustion tube (12) from the feed end to the air outlet end, the heater (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the combustion tube (12), the first air inlet pipe (14) extends into the combustion zone, and the air outlet of the first air inlet pipe (14) faces the feed end; A feeding module (2), the feeding module (2) being arranged opposite to the feeding end of the combustion tube (12), comprising a base (21), a telescopic portion (22), a sample placement portion (23) and a second air inlet pipe (24); the telescopic portion (22) being arranged on the base (21), the sample placement portion (23) being arranged at an end of the telescopic portion (22) away from the base (21), the second air inlet pipe (24) being arranged on the sample placement portion (23), with its air outlet facing the feeding end, the telescopic portion (22) being used for feeding the sample on the sample placement portion (23) into the combustion tube (12) and sealing the feeding end, the first air inlet pipe (14) and the second air inlet pipe (24) jointly introducing a combustion-supporting gas into the combustion zone (12), so that the combustion-supporting gas forms a vortex to promote full combustion of the sample and form a first product; An oxidation catalytic module (3), the oxidation catalytic module being arranged in the first catalytic zone and used for further oxidizing and catalyzing the first product to form a second product; A three-way catalytic module (4) is arranged in the second catalytic zone and is used to further render the second product harmless through a redox reaction.

2. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heater (13) is an electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire surrounds the entire combustion tube (12).

3. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heater (13) includes a first electric heating wire (131), a second electric heating wire (132) and a third electric heating wire (133), wherein the first electric heating wire (131) surrounds the outer side of the combustion zone, the second electric heating wire (131) surrounds the outer side of the first catalytic zone, and the third electric heating wire (131) surrounds the outer side of the second catalytic zone.

4. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium sample according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperatures of the first electric heating wire (131), the second electric heating wire (132) and the third electric heating wire (133) are independently controlled.

5. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample placement portion (23) comprises a support column (231) on the telescopic portion (22), a sealing member (232) arranged at one end of the support column (231) away from the telescopic portion (22), and a sample holding member (233) arranged at one end of the sealing member (232) away from the support column (231).

6. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium sample according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sample holding part (233) is a sample tube or a crucible.

7. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxidation catalytic module (3) comprises a first quartz filter (31) and a foam copper mesh (32) whose surface component is copper oxide, which are arranged in sequence from the feed end to the gas outlet end.

8. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-way catalytic module (4) comprises a second quartz filter (41) and a platinum-rhodium-palladium three-way catalytic converter (42) which are arranged in sequence from the feed end to the gas outlet end.

9. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium sample according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The gas outlet end of the combustion tube (12) is provided with a gas outlet pipe seat (121), the gas outlet pipe seat (121) is connected to a gas outlet pipe (122), and the gas outlet of the first gas inlet pipe (14) is inserted from the gas outlet pipe seat (121) and extends into the combustion zone.

10. The cylindrical oxidation combustion device for sediment or biological radioactive organic carbon tritium samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical oxidation combustion device is a vertical cylindrical oxidation combustion device or a horizontal cylindrical oxidation combustion device.

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