A gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function and its operation method

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function and an operation method thereof, which relates to the field of nuclear reactors. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function includes an intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, a reaction chamber, a heat preservation chamber, and a piston; the heat preservation chamber is annularly arranged outside the reaction chamber, the intake pipe is simultaneously communicated with one end of the reaction chamber and the heat preservation chamber, the exhaust pipe is simultaneously communicated with the other end of the reaction chamber and the heat preservation chamber, the piston is movably arranged in the heat preservation chamber, and the piston is provided with a one-way exhaust valve. During the working process, the intake pipe can convey cooling gas to the reaction chamber and also convey cooling gas to the heat preservation chamber at the same time. The cooling gas in the heat preservation chamber is used to absorb heat, and when a certain pressure is reached, the one-way exhaust valve on the piston will be opened, and then the cooled gas after absorbing heat will be conveyed to the exhaust pipe, thereby improving the heat preservation performance of the pressure vessel and reducing heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of nuclear reactors, and more particularly, to a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat insulation function and its operation method. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a gas-cooled nuclear reactor, a large amount of heat is generated by nuclear reactions, and the cooling gas is used as a heat conduction medium to carry away the heat for subsequent thermal power generation.

[0003] The existing pressure vessels are limited by their own structures, resulting in poor heat insulation performance and easy heat loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat insulation function and its operation method, which can improve the heat insulation performance of the pressure vessel, reduce heat loss, and avoid damage to the pressure vessel.

[0005] Embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention provide a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat insulation function, which includes:

[0007] An intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, a reaction chamber, a heat insulation chamber, and a piston;

[0008] Wherein, the heat insulation chamber is disposed around the outside of the reaction chamber, the intake pipe is simultaneously connected to one end of the reaction chamber and the heat insulation chamber, the exhaust pipe is simultaneously connected to the other end of the reaction chamber and the heat insulation chamber, the piston is movably disposed in the heat insulation chamber, and the piston is provided with a one-way exhaust valve.

[0009] Optionally, the heat insulation chamber includes an inner shell, an outer shell, and a plurality of heat insulation tubes. The plurality of heat insulation tubes are arranged at intervals in a ring shape. The inner shell is located inside the plurality of heat insulation tubes and defines the reaction chamber. The outer shell is located outside the plurality of heat insulation tubes. Both ends of the heat insulation tubes are respectively connected to the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe, and each heat insulation tube contains the piston.

[0010] Optionally, the heat insulation chamber further includes a heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer is located between the inner shell and the outer shell, and both ends of the heat insulation layer are respectively connected to adjacent heat insulation tubes.

[0011] Optionally, the heat insulation layer is made of porous boride ceramic material.

[0012] Optionally, the intake pipe includes a first intake pipe and a plurality of second intake pipes. The input ends of the plurality of second intake pipes are all connected to the first intake pipe, and the output ends of the plurality of second intake pipes are connected to the plurality of heat preservation pipes in a one-to-one correspondence. The first intake pipe is connected to the reaction chamber.

[0013] Optionally, each of the second intake pipes is provided with an on-off valve.

[0014] Optionally, the exhaust pipe includes a first exhaust pipe and a plurality of second exhaust pipes. The output ends of the plurality of second exhaust pipes are all connected to the first exhaust pipe, and the input ends of the plurality of second exhaust pipes are connected to the plurality of heat preservation pipes in a one-to-one correspondence. The first exhaust pipe is connected to the reaction chamber.

[0015] Optionally, the pistons in at least two of the heat preservation pipes are located at different axial positions.

[0016] Optionally, the number of the heat preservation pipes is at least three, and the at least three heat preservation pipes are arranged evenly in a ring shape.

[0017] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an operation method of a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function, which is realized based on the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function. The operation method of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function includes:

[0018] Control the intake pipe to deliver cooling gas to the reaction chamber and the heat preservation chamber, and move the piston to the middle position of the heat preservation chamber;

[0019] Control the cooling gas to absorb the heat dissipated from the reaction chamber, and squeeze the piston to move to one end of the heat preservation chamber close to the exhaust pipe;

[0020] Control the cooling gas to continue absorbing heat to achieve constant volume pressurization;

[0021] Control the one-way exhaust valve to open after the cooling gas reaches a preset pressure, so that the cooling gas flows towards the exhaust pipe, and the piston moves back to one end of the heat preservation chamber close to the intake pipe.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function and its operation method according to the embodiments of the present invention include, for example:

[0023] The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function includes an intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, a reaction chamber, a heat preservation chamber and a piston; wherein, the heat preservation chamber is arranged around the outside of the reaction chamber, the intake pipe is simultaneously communicated with one end of the reaction chamber and the heat preservation chamber, the exhaust pipe is simultaneously communicated with the other end of the reaction chamber and the heat preservation chamber, the piston is movably arranged in the heat preservation chamber, and the piston is provided with a one-way exhaust valve. During the working process, the intake pipe can convey cooling gas to the reaction chamber and also to the heat preservation chamber at the same time. The cooling gas in the heat preservation chamber is used to absorb heat, and when the heat reaches a certain pressure, the one-way exhaust valve on the piston will be opened, and then the cooled gas after heat absorption will be conveyed to the exhaust pipe, thereby improving the heat preservation performance of the pressure vessel and reducing heat dissipation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function provided in the embodiment of the present invention from the first perspective;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function provided in the embodiment of the present invention from the second perspective.

[0028] Reference numerals: 100 - Gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function; 110 - Intake pipe; 111 - First intake pipe; 112 - Second intake pipe; 113 - On-off valve; 120 - Exhaust pipe; 121 - First exhaust pipe; 122 - Second exhaust pipe; 130 - Reaction chamber; 140 - Heat preservation chamber; 141 - Inner shell; 142 - Outer shell; 143 - Heat preservation pipe; 144 - Heat insulation layer; 150 - Piston; 151 - One-way exhaust valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention usually described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is customarily placed during use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0033] In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] The term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0035] Unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "set" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0036] It should be noted that, without conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0037] As described in the background art, during the operation of a nuclear reactor, a large amount of heat is usually generated. Therefore, it is necessary to use a cooling gas as a heat-conducting medium to take away the heat for subsequent thermal power generation. The existing pressure vessels are limited by their own structures, resulting in poor heat insulation performance. When there is too much heat, a large amount of heat is easily dissipated, and there is also a hidden danger of damaging the pressure vessel.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat insulation function and its operation method provided in the embodiments of the present invention can solve the above problems, and will be described in detail below.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with heat insulation function includes an intake pipe 110, an exhaust pipe 120, a reaction chamber 130, a heat insulation chamber 140, and a piston 150;

[0041] Among them, the heat insulation chamber 140 is disposed around the outside of the reaction chamber 130. The intake pipe 110 is simultaneously connected to one end of both the reaction chamber 130 and the heat insulation chamber 140. The exhaust pipe 120 is simultaneously connected to the other end of both the reaction chamber 130 and the heat insulation chamber 140. The piston 150 is movably disposed in the heat insulation chamber 140, and the piston 150 is provided with a one-way exhaust valve 151.

[0042] During the working process, it can be made that the intake pipe 110 conveys the cooling gas to the reaction chamber 130 and also conveys the cooling gas to the heat insulation chamber 140. The cooling gas in the heat insulation chamber 140 is used to absorb heat, and when the heat reaches a certain pressure, the one-way exhaust valve 151 on the piston 150 will be opened, and then the cooled gas after heat absorption will be conveyed to the exhaust pipe 120, thereby improving the heat insulation performance of the pressure vessel, reducing heat dissipation, and at the same time avoiding damage to the pressure vessel.

[0043] It should be noted that nuclear fuel is placed in the reaction chamber 130 for nuclear reactions to release heat energy, and the cooling gas is used to absorb the heat energy and output it, thus facilitating the subsequent process of using the heat energy to generate electricity.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the heat preservation chamber 140 includes an inner shell 141, an outer shell 142 and a plurality of heat preservation pipes 143. The plurality of heat preservation pipes 143 are arranged at intervals in a ring shape. The inner shell 141 is located inside the plurality of heat preservation pipes 143 and defines the reaction chamber 130. The outer shell 142 is located outside the plurality of heat preservation pipes 143. The two ends of the heat preservation pipe 143 are respectively communicated with the intake pipe 110 and the exhaust pipe 120. A piston 150 is accommodated in each heat preservation pipe 143.

[0045] In the above technical solution, in order to ensure the heat preservation effect of the reaction chamber 130, a double-layer structure of the inner shell 141 and the outer shell 142 can be set to reduce heat dissipation. And, heat preservation pipes 143 can be arranged between the inner shell 141 and the outer shell 142, and the heat preservation pipes 143 can also introduce cooling gas to absorb the heat energy with a tendency to dissipate.

[0046] It should be noted that before the cooling gas is introduced, the piston 150 will be located at one end of the heat preservation pipe 143 close to the intake pipe 110; after the cooling gas is introduced, it will squeeze the piston 150 to move towards the exhaust pipe 120. Generally, the amount of cooling gas introduced can be kept such that the piston 150 is located in the middle position of the heat preservation pipe 143. The process of the cooling gas in the heat preservation pipe 143 absorbing heat can be regarded as two processes. The first process is isobaric heat absorption. After the cooling gas absorbs heat energy, it continues to push the piston 150 towards the exhaust pipe 120 until the piston 150 reaches one end of the heat preservation pipe 143 close to the exhaust pipe 120; the second process is isochoric heat absorption. After the cooling gas absorbs heat energy, its volume no longer expands, but the air pressure increases. When the air pressure of the cooled gas after heat absorption reaches the preset value of the one-way exhaust valve 151, the one-way exhaust valve 151 opens, so that the cooled gas after sufficient heat absorption can flow to the exhaust pipe 120. After the cooled gas is discharged, the piston 150 moves to one end of the heat preservation pipe 143 close to the intake pipe 110 and continues to repeat the heat absorption process.

[0047] In addition, in order to make the return movement of the piston 150 faster, the piston 150 can be connected with a driver. The driver is used to provide a power source for the piston 150 to assist the movement of the piston 150 in the heat preservation pipe 143. The driver can specifically be an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, and its specific power form is not limited.

[0048] It should be noted that in order to keep the overall system in a process of dynamic heat preservation and dynamic heat exchange, the pistons 150 in at least two heat preservation pipes 143 can be located at different axial positions.

[0049] In this embodiment, the number of both the heat preservation pipes 143 and the pistons 150 is twelve. The twelve heat preservation pipes 143 and pistons 150 can be divided into three groups, and the movement interval of each group of pistons 150 in the corresponding heat preservation pipe 143 is 1 / 3 of a heat exchange cycle. That is, when the first group of heat preservation pipes 143 is in the intake or other process, the second group of heat preservation pipes 143 can be in the constant volume heat absorption process, and the third group of heat preservation pipes 143 can be in the constant pressure heat absorption process, so that there are always cooling gases in the heat preservation pipes 143 to absorb the heat with a tendency to dissipate.

[0050] Furthermore, in order to achieve uniform heat exchange, when the number of the heat preservation pipes 143 is at least three, at least three heat preservation pipes 143 are arranged in a ring evenly. When the heat preservation pipes 143 and the pistons 150 are divided into three groups, the three groups of heat preservation pipes 143 can be arranged alternately in the order of A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C….

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 In order to further improve the heat insulation effect, the heat preservation chamber 140 can also include a heat insulation layer 144. The heat insulation layer 144 is located between the inner housing 141 and the outer housing 142, and both ends of the heat insulation layer 144 are respectively connected to adjacent heat preservation pipes 143.

[0052] When there is a tendency of heat dissipation, most of the heat can be absorbed by the cooling gas in the heat preservation pipe 143, and a small part of the heat can be restricted inside the outer housing 142 due to the blockage of the heat insulation layer 144.

[0053] In this embodiment, the heat insulation layer 144 can be made of porous boride ceramic material with a low thermal conductivity, which can block the heat transfer between the inner housing 141 and the outer housing 142. The materials of the inner housing 141 and the outer housing 142 are hollow multi-shell structure materials with a heat preservation threshold. The heat conduction effect is poor within the temperature threshold and improves outside the temperature threshold.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In order to facilitate the intake of gas into the reaction chamber 130 and multiple heat preservation pipes 143 respectively, the intake pipe 110 can include a first intake pipe 111 and multiple second intake pipes 112. The input ends of the multiple second intake pipes 112 are all connected to the first intake pipe 111, the output ends of the multiple second intake pipes 112 are connected to the multiple heat preservation pipes 143 one by one, and the first intake pipe 111 is connected to the reaction chamber 130.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first inlet pipe 111 is in a straight tube shape, and the second inlet pipe 112 is in an arc shape; moreover, each second inlet pipe 112 is provided with a on-off valve 113, which is opened when admitting gas into the heat preservation pipe 143; during the heat absorption process of the gas in the heat preservation pipe 143, the on-off valve 113 can be disconnected.

[0056] Similarly, for the convenience of exhausting the reaction chamber 130 and the multiple heat preservation pipes 143 respectively, the exhaust pipe 120 can include a first exhaust pipe 121 and multiple second exhaust pipes 122. The output ends of the multiple second exhaust pipes 122 are all connected to the first exhaust pipe 121, and the input ends of the multiple second exhaust pipes 122 are correspondingly connected to the multiple heat preservation pipes 143 one by one, and the first exhaust pipe 121 is connected to the reaction chamber 130. In this embodiment, the first exhaust pipe 121 is in a straight tube shape, and the second exhaust pipe 122 is in an arc shape.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention also provides an operation method of a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with a heat preservation function, which is realized based on the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with a heat preservation function. The operation method of the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with a heat preservation function includes:

[0059] S100: Control the inlet pipe 110 to transport cooling gas to the reaction chamber 130 and the heat preservation chamber 140, and move the piston 150 to the middle position of the heat preservation chamber 140; specifically, the first inlet pipe 111 and the second inlet pipe 112 can be used to transport cooling gas to the reaction chamber 130 and the heat preservation pipe 143 respectively.

[0060] S200: Control the cooling gas to absorb the heat dissipated from the reaction chamber 130 and squeeze the piston 150 to move to one end of the heat preservation chamber 140 close to the exhaust pipe 120; specifically, this process can be regarded as an endothermic process in which the cooling gas realizes constant pressure and increased volume.

[0061] S300: Control the cooling gas to continue absorbing heat to achieve constant volume and increased pressure; during this process, since the piston 150 has reached the end of the heat preservation pipe 143 and will no longer move, the volume of the cooling gas is fixed but the pressure will continue to increase.

[0062] S400: Control the one-way exhaust valve 151 to open after the cooling gas reaches the preset pressure, so that the cooling gas flows towards the exhaust pipe 120, so that the piston 150 moves back to one end of the heat preservation chamber 140 close to the inlet pipe 110.

[0063] Specifically, after the one-way exhaust valve 151 is opened, the gas in the heat preservation pipe 143 flows towards the exhaust pipe 120. At this time, the heat preservation pipe 143 is connected to the exhaust pipe 120 and has the same pressure. Keeping the one-way exhaust valve 151 open, the piston 150 moves upward to one end of the intake pipe 110, and then the one-way exhaust valve 151 is closed. The on-off valve 113 of the intake pipe 110 is opened, the piston 150 moves to the middle of the heat preservation pipe 143, the cooling gas fills the upper part of the heat preservation pipe 143, and then the on-off valve 113 is closed. The cooling gas in the heat preservation pipe 143 starts to absorb heat.

[0064] In summary, the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function and its operation method provided by the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following advantages:

[0065] (1) The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with heat preservation function can charge the cooling gas into the heat preservation chamber 140 to absorb the heat dissipated from the reaction chamber by arranging the heat preservation chamber 140 outside the reaction chamber 130. The heat absorption process includes constant-pressure volume-increasing heat absorption and constant-volume pressure-increasing heat absorption carried out successively, so that when the pressure reaches the preset value, the one-way exhaust valve 151 on the piston 150 is opened to transport the cooled gas cylinder after heat absorption to the exhaust pipe 120, thereby reducing heat loss, improving the heat preservation effect, and avoiding damage to the container in case of overheating.

[0066] (2) By arranging the heat insulation layer 144, the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with heat preservation function can isolate heat with a low thermal conductivity when the heat temperature does not exceed the temperature threshold of the heat insulation layer 144; while when the heat temperature exceeds the temperature threshold of the heat insulation layer 144, the thermal conductivity can be increased to conduct heat, thereby avoiding damage to the container structure.

[0067] (3) By limiting that multiple groups of heat preservation pipes 143 are in different heat exchange cycles, the gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel 100 with heat preservation function enables the cooling gas in the heat preservation pipes 143 to always absorb the heat with a tendency to dissipate, so as to achieve dynamic heat absorption, maximize the heat absorption and heat preservation efficiency, and reduce heat loss.

[0068] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An air-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function, characterized in that, Comprising: An intake pipe (110), an exhaust pipe (120), a reaction chamber (130), a heat preservation chamber (140), and a piston (150); Wherein, the heat preservation chamber (140) is annularly arranged outside the reaction chamber (130), one end of the intake pipe (110) is simultaneously communicated with the reaction chamber (130) and the heat preservation chamber (140), the exhaust pipe (120) is simultaneously communicated with the other end of the reaction chamber (130) and the heat preservation chamber (140), the piston (150) is movably arranged in the heat preservation chamber (140), and the piston (150) is provided with a one-way exhaust valve (151); The heat preservation chamber (140) includes an inner housing (141), an outer housing (142), and a plurality of heat preservation pipes (143). The plurality of heat preservation pipes (143) are arranged at intervals in a ring shape. The inner housing (141) is located inside the plurality of heat preservation pipes (143) and defines the reaction chamber (130). The outer housing (142) is located outside the plurality of heat preservation pipes (143). Both ends of the heat preservation pipe (143) are respectively communicated with the intake pipe (110) and the exhaust pipe (120), and each heat preservation pipe (143) contains the piston (150).

2. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 1, wherein The heat preservation chamber (140) further includes a heat insulation layer (144). The heat insulation layer (144) is located between the inner housing (141) and the outer housing (142), and both ends of the heat insulation layer (144) are respectively connected to adjacent heat preservation pipes (143).

3. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 2, wherein, The heat insulation layer (144) is made of porous boride ceramic material.

4. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intake pipe (110) includes a first intake pipe (111) and a plurality of second intake pipes (112). The input ends of the plurality of second intake pipes (112) are all communicated with the first intake pipe (111), and the output ends of the plurality of second intake pipes (112) are correspondingly communicated with the plurality of heat preservation pipes (143) one by one. The first intake pipe (111) is communicated with the reaction chamber (130).

5. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the second intake pipes (112) is provided with a cut-off valve (113).

6. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 1, wherein The exhaust pipe (120) includes a first exhaust pipe (121) and a plurality of second exhaust pipes (122). The output ends of the plurality of second exhaust pipes (122) are all communicated with the first exhaust pipe (121), and the input ends of the plurality of second exhaust pipes (122) are correspondingly communicated with the plurality of heat preservation pipes (143) one by one. The first exhaust pipe (121) is communicated with the reaction chamber (130).

7. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pistons (150) in at least two of the heat preservation pipes (143) are located at different axial positions.

8. The gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the heat preservation pipes (143) is at least three, and the at least three heat preservation pipes (143) are evenly arranged in a ring shape.

9. An operation method for a gas-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function, characterized in that, Based on any one of claims 1-8, the air-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function is realized. The operation method of the air-cooled reactor pressure vessel with heat preservation function includes: Control the intake pipe (110) to deliver cooling gas to the reaction chamber (130) and the heat preservation chamber (140), and move the piston (150) to the middle position of the heat preservation chamber (140); Control the cooling gas to absorb the heat dissipated from the reaction chamber (130), and squeeze the piston (150) to move to one end of the heat preservation chamber (140) close to the exhaust pipe (120); Control the cooling gas to continue absorbing heat to achieve constant volume supercharging; Control the one-way exhaust valve (151) to open after the cooling gas reaches the preset pressure, so that the cooling gas flows towards the exhaust pipe (120), and the piston (150) moves back to one end of the heat preservation chamber (140) close to the intake pipe (110).

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