Antenna with slot coupling feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly provides a slot coupling feeding antenna. The invention aims to solve the problem that the performance of the existing automobile antenna is influenced by the influence of electromagnetic environment and wire harness. Therefore, the slot coupling feed antenna comprises a substrate, a slot structure printed on the substrate, a dielectric structure supported above the slot structure and a microstrip line formed on the lower surface of the substrate, the microstrip line intersects with the slot structure to feed the slot structure, and the slot structure comprises a first slot and a second slot which intersect in a cross shape. The centers of the first gap and the second gap coincide, and included angles of 30-60 degrees are formed between the microstrip line and the first gap and between the microstrip line and the second gap respectively; the second gap is longer than the first gap, two end portions of the second gap are provided with rotation guiding gap structures, and the rotation guiding directions of the two rotation guiding gap structures are the same. According to the antenna, the axial ratio can be reduced, good circular polarization performance can be maintained, and the anti-interference capability of the antenna can be enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of antenna technology, and specifically provides a slot-coupled fed antenna. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the layout space of electric vehicle antennas is limited, and they are also subject to complex electromagnetic environments and the influence of wiring harnesses. In this case, GNSS antennas are easily affected by surrounding metal and electromagnetic interference, resulting in deviation of the working frequency band and deterioration of other performances, which in turn affects positioning accuracy.

[0003] Accordingly, this field requires a new technical solution to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve the above technical problem, that is, to solve the problem that the existing automobile antenna is easily affected by the electromagnetic environment and the wiring harness, thereby affecting the performance.

[0005] The present application provides a slot-coupled fed antenna, the antenna comprising a substrate, a slot structure printed on the substrate, a dielectric structure supported above the slot structure, and a microstrip line formed on the lower surface of the substrate, the microstrip line intersecting with the slot structure to feed the slot structure, the slot structure comprising a first slot and a second slot intersecting in a cross shape, the first slot coincides with the center of the second slot, the microstrip line and the first slot and the second slot form an angle of 30° to 60° respectively; the second slot is longer than the first slot, and two ends of the second slot are provided with a rotation slot structure, and the rotation directions of the two rotation slot structures are the same.

[0006] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, the guided rotation slot structure includes a connected first fold slot and two connected fold slots, wherein the first fold slot is connected to the second slot, and there is a first angle between the first fold slot and the second slot, and there is a second angle between the first fold slot and the two fold slots; and / or the microstrip line forms an angle of 40° to 50° with the first slot and the second slot respectively.

[0007] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, the microstrip line forms an angle of 45° with the first slot and the second slot respectively; and / or, the angle of the first angle is 100° to 135°, and the angle of the second angle is 100° to 135°; and / or, the slot width of the two-fold slot is smaller than the slot width of the one-fold slot; and / or, the slot width of the two-fold slot gradually decreases from one end close to the one-fold slot to one end away from the one-fold slot; and / or, the one-fold slot is away from the two-fold slot. The gap width gradually decreases from one end of the gap to the end close to the bifold gap; and / or, the gap width of the one-fold gap is 4mm~4.5mm, the gap width of the bifold gap is 2mm~2.5mm, the gap width of the first gap is 5mm~7mm, and the gap width of the second gap is 5mm~7mm; and / or, the ratio of the length L1 of the first gap to the length L2 of the second gap is L1:L2=1:(1.2~1.5), and the length of the first gap is 25mm~30mm.

[0008] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, the dielectric structure includes a dielectric main body structure and a dielectric rotation structure, the dielectric main body structure completely covers the slot structure in a direction perpendicular to the slot structure, the dielectric rotation structure is connected to the side wall of the dielectric main body structure, and the rotation direction of the dielectric rotation structure is the same as the rotation direction of the rotation slot structure.

[0009] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, there are multiple dielectric rotation structures, and the multiple dielectric rotation structures are evenly distributed along the circumference of the dielectric main body structure; and / or the dielectric rotation structure is an L-shaped structure, and the bending direction of one end of the L-shaped structure away from the dielectric main body structure is the same as the bending direction of the rotation slot structure.

[0010] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, the rotation direction is left-handed, and the bending direction of the medium rotation structure and the rotation slot structure is clockwise; and / or, the rotation direction is right-handed, and the bending direction of the medium rotation structure and the rotation slot structure is counterclockwise.

[0011] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, the top view of the dielectric main structure is square, the number of the dielectric rotation structures is four, and the four dielectric rotation structures are respectively located at the four corners of the square of the dielectric main structure; or, the top view of the dielectric main structure is circular, and the number of the dielectric rotation structures is 4 to 6.

[0012] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, the antenna also includes a metal rotator arranged on the substrate, and two adjacent dielectric rotator structures are respectively located between the side walls of the dielectric main structure to form a rotator space, and one metal rotator is arranged in each rotator space, and the plurality of metal rotators are evenly distributed along the circumference of the dielectric main structure and do not contact the dielectric structure.

[0013] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, the thickness of the metal rotator is 5 to 7 mm; and / or, the height of the metal rotator is 1 to 1.2 times the height of the dielectric structure; and / or, the material of the metal rotator is a metal with high electrical conductivity such as aluminum, copper, iron, silver, etc.; and / or, along the rotation direction, the distance a from the starting end of the metal rotator to the center of the dielectric main structure is greater than the distance b from the ending end of the metal rotator to the center of the dielectric main structure; and / or, along the rotation direction, the straight-line distance c from the starting end of the metal rotator to the dielectric rotator structure close to it is greater than the straight-line distance d from the ending end of the metal rotator to the dielectric rotator structure close to it.

[0014] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned slot-coupled fed antenna, the substrate is a PCB board with a dielectric constant of 4.4; and / or the material of the dielectric structure is ceramic.

[0015] When adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the slot-coupled fed antenna of the present application has a slot structure including a first slot and a second slot intersecting in a cross shape, the centers of the first slot and the second slot coincide, the microstrip line intersects with the slot structure to feed the slot structure, the second slot is longer than the first slot and two ends of the second slot are provided with a rotation slot structure, and the rotation directions of the two rotation slot structures are the same; such a setting method, by adding a rotation slot structure with a specific rotation direction at the end of the longer second slot, can greatly reduce the axial ratio and thus realize left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization, so that the antenna maintains good single circular polarization performance, thereby improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna and enhancing the anti-interference ability of the antenna.

[0016] Furthermore, the guiding rotation gap structure includes a connected first fold gap and two fold gaps, wherein the first fold gap is connected to the second gap, a first angle is formed between the first fold gap and the second gap, and a second angle is formed between the first fold gap and the two fold gaps; in this way, the guiding rotation gap structure is configured as a bent first fold gap and a bent second fold gap, so that the guiding rotation gap structure has obvious left-handed or right-handed guiding characteristics, and its structure is simple and convenient for production and manufacturing.

[0017] Furthermore, by controlling the angles of both the first included angle and the second included angle within the range of 100° to 135°, the rotation-inducing effect of the rotation-inducing slot structure can be enhanced, thereby further improving the circular polarization effect of the antenna.

[0018] Furthermore, the dielectric structure includes a dielectric main structure and a dielectric rotation-inducing structure. The dielectric main structure completely covers the slot structure in a direction perpendicular to the slot structure. The dielectric rotation-inducing structure is connected to the side wall of the dielectric main structure, and the rotation-inducing direction of the dielectric rotation-inducing structure is the same as that of the rotation-inducing slot structure. With such a setting method, by arranging the dielectric rotation-inducing structure on the dielectric main structure, the dielectric structure with the dielectric rotation-inducing structure can achieve obvious left-handed or right-handed guiding characteristics, thereby greatly enhancing its circular polarization performance in a specific rotation direction and further improving the circular polarization effect of the antenna.

[0019] Furthermore, the number of the dielectric rotation-inducing structures is set to be multiple, and the multiple dielectric rotation-inducing structures are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the dielectric main structure, which can effectively improve the rotation-inducing characteristics of the dielectric structure.

[0020] Furthermore, the top view of the dielectric main structure is square, and the number of the dielectric rotation-inducing structures is four. The four dielectric rotation-inducing structures are respectively located at the four corners of the dielectric main structure. With such a setting method, the dielectric structure is in the shape of a "卍" character or a reverse "卍" character, which can further enhance the rotation-inducing performance of the dielectric structure and thus improve the circular polarization effect of the antenna.

[0021] Furthermore, the antenna further includes a metal rotation-inducer disposed on the substrate. An rotation-inducing space is formed between two adjacent dielectric rotation-inducing structures and the side wall of the dielectric main structure. One metal rotation-inducer is disposed in each rotation-inducing space. The multiple metal rotation-inducers are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the dielectric main structure and do not contact the dielectric structure. With such a setting method, by arranging the metal rotation-inducer, the circular polarization effect can be further increased. The metal rotation-inducer has an obvious rotation-inducing structure (left-handed or right-handed), which can greatly broaden its axial ratio bandwidth, thereby further realizing left-handed circular polarization or right-handed circular polarization.

[0022] Furthermore, the height of the metal rotation-inducer is set to be 1 to 1.2 times the height of the dielectric structure, so that the metal rotation-inducer is not lower than the dielectric structure, which can improve the rotation-inducing effect of the metal rotation-inducer relative to the dielectric structure and thus further improve the circular polarization effect to a greater extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the slot-coupled-fed antenna of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the decomposed structure of the slot-coupled fed antenna of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a top view of the slot-coupled fed antenna of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the slot-coupled fed antenna of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 is a top view of the substrate of the present application, showing the gap structure;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the medium structure of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 is a graph showing the variation of the S parameter (S11) of the antenna of Example 1 of the present application with frequency;

[0031] Figure 8 is a graph showing the axial ratio of the antenna of Example 1 of the present application changing with frequency;

[0032] Fig. 9 is a graph showing the right-hand circular polarization vertex gain of the antenna of Example 1 of the present application changing with frequency;

[0033] Fig.10 is a graph showing the efficiency of the antenna of Example 1 of the present application as a function of frequency;

[0034] Fig.11 hereinafter is the radiation pattern of the antenna of embodiment 1 of the present application at a frequency of 1.16 GHz;

[0035] Fig.12 hereinafter is the radiation pattern of the antenna of Example 1 of the present application at a frequency of 1.25 GHz;

[0036] Fig.13 hereinafter is the radiation pattern of the antenna of Example 1 of the present application at a frequency of 1.55 GHz;

[0037] Fig.14 : is the radiation pattern of the antenna of Example 1 of the present application at a frequency of 1.61 GHz.

[0038] List of reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Substrate;

[0040] 2. Slit structure; 21. First slit; 22. Second slit; 23. Rotating slit structure; 231. One-fold slit; 232. Two-fold slit;

[0041] 3. Medium structure; 31. Medium main structure; 32. Medium swirl structure; 33. Swirl space;

[0042] 4. Microstrip line;

[0043] 5. Metal spinner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "above", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through other components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] Based on the problem pointed out in the background technology that the electromagnetic environment of the existing automobile antenna and the impression of the wiring harness affect the performance.

[0048] The present application provides a slot-coupled fed antenna. The antenna of the present application can greatly widen its axial ratio bandwidth, that is, significantly increase the frequency range in which the antenna maintains good circular polarization performance, so that it includes the frequency bands required for L1, L2, L5 and Lband, making the antenna suitable for satellite communications, GPS, wireless communications and other fields, and meet the antenna gain and front-to-back ratio performance within a wide frequency band, greatly enhancing the antenna's anti-interference ability, especially electromagnetic interference in a car.

[0049] For details, please also refer to Figures 1 to 6 The slot-coupled fed antenna of the present application includes a substrate 1, a slot structure 2 printed on the substrate 1, a dielectric structure 3 supported above the slot structure 2, and a microstrip line 4 formed on the lower surface of the substrate 1.

[0050] The microstrip line 4 intersects with the slot structure 2 to feed the slot structure 2. Specifically, the microstrip line 4 intersects with the slot structure 2 in a direction perpendicular to the slot structure 2, and the projection of the microstrip line 4 intersects with the projection of the slot structure 2, and the microstrip line 4 and the slot structure 2 are not actually in direct contact.

[0051] The slot structure 2 includes a first slot 21 and a second slot 22 intersecting in a cross shape, the centers of the first slot 21 and the second slot 22 coincide, and the microstrip line 4 is at an angle of 30° to 60° with the first slot 21 and the second slot 22, respectively. Specifically, in a direction perpendicular to the slot structure 2, the projection of the microstrip line 4 intersects with the center of the projection of the first slot 21 and the center of the projection of the second slot 22. The sum of the angles of the microstrip line 4 and the first slot 21 and the angles of the microstrip line 4 and the second slot 22 is 90°, preferably the microstrip line 4 is at an angle of 40° to 50° with the first slot 21 and the second slot 22, respectively, and most preferably the microstrip line 4 is at an angle of 45° with the first slot 21 and the second slot 22, respectively.

[0052] The second slot 22 is longer than the first slot 21. Two slots of different lengths are used to excite two degenerate modes with the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90° at the resonant frequency.

[0053] In addition, the two ends of the second slot 22 are provided with a rotation-guiding slot structure 23, and the rotation directions of the two rotation-guiding slot structures 23 are the same. By providing the rotation-guiding slot structure 23 at the ends of the longer slot of the cross slot structure 2, i.e., at the two ends of the second slot 22, and ensuring that the rotation directions of the two rotation-guiding slot structures 23 are the same, left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization with low axial ratio and high gain can be achieved.

[0054] The slot-coupled fed antenna of the present application can greatly reduce the axial ratio and thus achieve left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization by adding a rotation slot structure 23 of a specific rotation direction at the end of a longer second slot 22.

[0055] In some preferred embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 5 The rotation-guiding gap structure 23 includes a first fold gap 231 and a second fold gap 232 connected to each other.

[0056] The first folding gap 231 is connected to the second gap 22 , and there is a first angle between the first folding gap 231 and the second gap 22 , and there is a second angle between the first folding gap 231 and the second folding gap 232 .

[0057] By the above arrangement, the spiral guiding gap structure 23 is provided with a bent first fold gap 231 and a second fold gap 232, so that the spiral guiding gap structure 23 has obvious left-handed or right-handed guiding characteristics, and its structure is simple and convenient for production and manufacturing.

[0058] In some preferred embodiments, the first angle is between 100° and 135°, and the second angle is between 100° and 135°.

[0059] The first angle is set to 100-135° and the second angle is set to 100-135°, which can effectively improve the circular polarization characteristics of the rotation slot structure 23.

[0060] In some preferred embodiments, the gap width of the second fold gap 232 is smaller than the gap width of the first fold gap 231 .

[0061] By making the gap width of the second fold gap 232 smaller than the gap width of the first fold gap 231 , the circular polarization characteristics of the rotation gap structure 23 can be improved to a certain extent.

[0062] In some preferred embodiments, the width of the second fold gap 232 gradually decreases from one end close to the first fold gap 231 to the end away from the first fold gap 231 .

[0063] In some preferred embodiments, the width of the first fold gap 231 gradually decreases from one end away from the second fold gap 232 to one end close to the second fold gap 232 .

[0064] In some preferred embodiments, the width of the first fold gap 231 is 4 mm to 4.5 mm, the width of the second fold gap 232 is 2 mm to 2.5 mm, the width of the first gap 21 is 5 mm to 7 mm, and the width of the second gap 22 is 5 mm to 7 mm.

[0065] This configuration can minimize the size of the antenna and help to smoothly install the antenna.

[0066] In some preferred embodiments, the gap width of the first fold gap 231 is 4.2 mm, the gap width of the second fold gap 232 is 2.3 mm, the gap width of the first gap 21 is 3 mm, and the gap width of the second gap 22 is 3 mm.

[0067] It should be noted that the present application does not impose any restrictions on the specific lengths of the first slit 21 and the second slit 22, as long as the length of the first slit 21 is equal to the length of the second slit 22. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can set the lengths of the first slit 21 and the second slit 22 according to actual needs. The adjustment and change of the lengths of the first slit 21 and the second slit 22 do not deviate from the basic principles of the present application and should be limited within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0068] In some preferred embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 5The ratio of the length L1 of the first slit 21 to the length L2 of the second slit 22 is L1:L2=1:1.2-1.5, and the length of the first slit 21 is 25 mm-30 mm.

[0069] The ratio of the length L1 of the first slot 21 to the length L2 of the second slot 22 is 1:1.2-1.5, which helps to improve the strength of the coupled feeding, thereby improving the efficiency of the antenna.

[0070] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The medium structure 3 includes a medium main structure 31 and a medium rotation structure 32. The medium main structure 31 completely covers the gap structure 2 in a direction perpendicular to the gap structure. The medium rotation structure 32 is connected to the side wall of the medium main structure 31. The rotation direction of the medium rotation structure 32 is the same as the rotation direction of the rotation gap structure 23.

[0071] By arranging the dielectric swirl structure 32 on the dielectric main structure 31, the dielectric structure 3 having the dielectric swirl structure 31 can achieve obvious left-handed or right-handed directional characteristics, thereby greatly enhancing the performance of its specific handedness circular polarization.

[0072] In some preferred embodiments, there are multiple medium swirl structures 32 , and the multiple medium swirl structures 32 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the medium main body structure 31 .

[0073] The number of the medium swirl guiding structures 32 is set to be multiple, and the multiple medium swirl guiding structures 32 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the medium main structure 31, which can effectively improve the swirl guiding characteristics of the medium structure 3.

[0074] In some preferred embodiments, please also refer to Figure 2 and Figure 6 The medium rotation guiding structure 32 is an L-shaped structure, and the bending direction of one end of the L-shaped structure away from the medium main body structure 31 is the same as the bending direction of the rotation guiding gap structure 32 .

[0075] The medium rotation structure 32 is set to an L-shaped structure, and the bending direction of the L-shaped structure is the same as the bending direction of the rotation gap structure 32, so that the medium rotation structure 32 and the rotation gap structure 32 have the same rotation direction, realizing circular polarization characteristics.

[0076] It should be noted that the present application does not impose any restrictions on the specific direction of circular polarization (i.e., the rotation direction). The antenna of the present application can be made into right-hand circular polarization or left-hand circular polarization. In practical applications, technical personnel in this field can set the specific direction of circular polarization according to actual needs, and further determine the bending direction of the medium rotation structure 32 and the rotation gap structure 23.

[0077] In one embodiment, the rotation direction is the left - hand rotation direction (i.e., left - hand circular polarization), and the bending directions of the dielectric rotation structure 32 and the rotation slot structure 23 are bent in the clockwise direction.

[0078] In another embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the rotation direction is the right - hand rotation direction (i.e., right - hand circular polarization), and the bending directions of the dielectric rotation structure 32 and the rotation slot structure 23 are bent in the counter - clockwise direction.

[0079] It should also be noted that the present application does not impose any restrictions on the specific shape of the dielectric main structure 31 and the specific number of the dielectric rotation structures 32. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can set the specific shape of the dielectric main structure 31 and the specific number of the dielectric rotation structures 32 according to actual needs.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the top view of the dielectric main structure 31 is square, the number of the dielectric rotation structures 32 is four, and the four dielectric rotation structures 32 are respectively located at the four corners of the square of the dielectric main structure 31. Through such a setting method, the dielectric structure 3 is in the shape of a "卍" character or a reverse "卍" character, which can further enhance the rotation performance of the dielectric structure 3, thereby improving the circular polarization effect of the antenna.

[0081] In another embodiment, the top view of the dielectric main structure 31 is circular, and the number of the dielectric rotation structures 32 is 4 - 6.

[0082] In some preferred embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 at the same time. The antenna of the present application further includes a metal rotator 5 disposed on the substrate 1. There is a rotation space 33 formed between two adjacent dielectric rotation structures 32 and the side wall of the dielectric main structure 31. One metal rotator 5 is disposed in each rotation space, and the plurality of metal rotators 5 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the dielectric main structure 31 and do not contact the dielectric structure 3.

[0083] By setting the metal rotator 5, the circular polarization effect can be further increased. The metal rotator 5 has an obvious rotation structure (left - hand or right - hand), which can greatly broaden its axial bandwidth, thereby further realizing left - hand circular polarization or right - hand circular polarization.

[0084] Preferably, the thickness of the metal rotator 5 is 5 - 7 mm.

[0085] Preferably, the height of the metal vortex guide 5 is 1 to 1.2 times the height of the dielectric structure 3. By making the height of the metal vortex guide 5 1 to 1.2 times the height of the dielectric structure 3, the metal vortex guide 5 is not lower than the dielectric structure 3, which can improve the vortex guide effect of the metal vortex guide 5 relative to the dielectric structure 3, thereby greatly improving the circular polarization effect.

[0086] Preferably, the material of the metal vortex guide 5 is a metal with high electrical conductivity such as aluminum, copper, iron, silver, etc.

[0087] Preferably, please continue to see Figure 3 , along the rotation direction, the distance a from the starting end of the metal rotator 5 to the center of the dielectric main structure 31 is greater than the distance b from the ending end of the metal rotator 5 to the center of the dielectric main structure 31. In this arrangement, by adjusting the placement position of the metal rotator 5, the starting end of the metal rotator 5 is arranged further outward than the ending end, which can improve the rotation effect of the metal rotator 5, thereby improving the circular polarization effect of the antenna.

[0088] Preferably, please continue to see Figure 3 , along the rotation direction, the straight-line distance c from the starting end of the metal rotator 5 to the medium rotation structure 32 close to it is greater than the straight-line distance d from the ending end of the metal rotator 5 to the medium rotation structure 32 close to it. In this arrangement, by adjusting the placement position of the metal rotator 5, the distance from the starting end of the metal rotator 5 to the medium rotation structure 32 close to it is greater than the distance from the ending end to the medium rotation structure 32 close to it, which can improve the rotation effect of the metal rotator 5, thereby improving the circular polarization effect of the antenna.

[0089] Preferably, the substrate 1 is a PCB board with a dielectric constant of 4.4.

[0090] Preferably, the material of the dielectric structure 3 is ceramic.

[0091] The slot-coupled fed antenna of the present application is described in detail below through a specific embodiment.

[0092] Example 1

[0093] The structure of the slot-coupled fed antenna of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0094] Specifically, the antenna includes a substrate 1, a slot structure 2 printed on the substrate 1, a dielectric structure 3 supported above the slot structure 2, a microstrip line 4 formed on the lower surface of the substrate 1, and a metal rotator 5. The microstrip line 4 intersects with the slot structure 2 to feed the slot structure 2.

[0095] Among them, the slot structure 2 includes a first slot 21 and a second slot 22 that intersect in a cross shape. The centers of the first slot 21 and the second slot 22 coincide. The microstrip line 4 forms a 45° angle with the first slot 21 and the second slot 22 respectively. The second slot 22 is longer than the first slot 21. The length of the first slot 21 is 25 mm, and the length of the second slot 22 is 30 mm.

[0096] Two end portions of the second slot 22 are provided with spin-rotating slot structures 23. The spin-rotating directions of the two spin-rotating slot structures 23 are the same, both being the right-handed direction. Specifically, the spin-rotating slot structure 23 includes a connected one-fold slot 231 and a two-fold slot 232. Among them, the one-fold slot 231 is connected to the second slot 22, and there is a first angle between the one-fold slot 231 and the second slot 22. There is a second angle between the one-fold slot 231 and the two-fold slot 232. The one-fold slot 231 is bent leftward in the counterclockwise direction relative to the second slot 22, and the two-fold slot 232 is bent leftward in the counterclockwise direction relative to the one-fold slot 231. The angles of the first angle and the second angle are both 130°.

[0097] The slot width of the first slot 21 is 5 mm, the slot width of the second slot 22 is 5 mm, the slot width of the one-fold slot 231 is 4 mm, and the slot width of the two-fold slot is 2 mm.

[0098] The dielectric structure 3 includes a dielectric main body structure 31 and a dielectric spin-rotating structure 32. The dielectric main body structure 31 completely covers the slot structure 2 in a direction perpendicular to the slot structure. The dielectric spin-rotating structure 32 is connected to the side wall of the dielectric main body structure 31.

[0099] The dielectric spin-rotating structure 32 is an L-shaped structure. The end of the L-shaped structure away from the dielectric main body structure 31 is bent leftward in the counterclockwise direction. The top view of the dielectric main body structure 31 is square. The number of the dielectric spin-rotating structures 32 is four. The four dielectric spin-rotating structures 32 are respectively located at the four corners of the square of the dielectric main body structure 31, making the dielectric structure 3 in a "卍" shape.

[0100] A spin-rotating space 33 is formed between adjacent two dielectric spin-rotating structures 32 and the side wall of the dielectric main body structure 31. A metal spin-rotator 5 is arranged in each spin-rotating space. The metal spin-rotator 5 is connected to the substrate 1. The multiple metal spin-rotators 5 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the dielectric main body structure 31 and do not contact the dielectric structure 3. The thickness of the metal spin-rotator 5 is 7 mm, the height of the metal spin-rotator 5 is 1.2 times the height of the dielectric structure 3, and the material of the metal spin-rotator 5 is copper.

[0101] Performing simulation analysis on the characteristic parameters such as the S parameters and radiation directions of the antenna in the above embodiments, the analysis results are as follows:

[0102] As Figure 7The graph shows the variation of the S parameter (S11) of the antenna of the present application with the frequency. The S11 of the antenna of the present application is less than -10 dB in the frequency range of 1.118 to 1.81 GHz.

[0103] like Figure 8 The graph shown is a graph showing the axial ratio of the antenna of the present application changing with frequency. The axial ratio of the antenna of the present application is less than 3 dB within the frequency range of 1.168 to 1.563 GHz.

[0104] like Fig. 9 The graph shown is a graph of the right-hand circular polarization vertex gain of the antenna of the present application versus frequency. The right-hand circular polarization vertex gain of the antenna of the present application is greater than 2.5 dBi in the frequency range of 1.164 to 1.61 GHz.

[0105] like Fig.10 The figure shows a curve diagram of the efficiency of the antenna of the present application as a function of frequency. The efficiency of the antenna of the present application is greater than 84% within the frequency range of 1.117 to 1.163 GHz.

[0106] like Figures 11 to 14 They are the radiation patterns of the antenna of the present application at 1.16GHz, 1.25GHz, 1.55GHz and 1.61GHz. Among them, at 1.16GHz, the right-hand circular polarization vertex gain of the antenna is 2.62dBi, and the front-to-back ratio is 5.6dB; at 1.25GHz, the right-hand circular polarization vertex gain of the antenna is 3.40dBi, and the front-to-back ratio is 8.2dB; at 1.55GHz, the right-hand circular polarization vertex gain of the antenna is 4.04dBi, and the front-to-back ratio is 14dB; at 1.61GHz, the right-hand circular polarization vertex gain of the antenna is 3.92dBi, and the front-to-back ratio is 13.8dB.

[0107] So far, the technical solutions of the present application have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A slot-coupled fed antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a substrate (1), a slot structure (2) printed on the substrate (1), a dielectric structure (3) supported above the slot structure (2), and a microstrip line (4) formed on the lower surface of the substrate (1); the microstrip line (4) intersects with the slot structure (2) to feed the slot structure (2); the slot structure (2) comprises a first slot (21) and a second slot (22) intersecting in a cross shape; the centers of the first slot (21) and the second slot (22) coincide; and the microstrip line (4) forms an angle of 30° to 60° with the first slot (21) and the second slot (22), respectively; The second slit (22) is longer than the first slit (21), and two ends of the second slit (22) are provided with rotation-guiding slit structures (23), and the rotation-guiding directions of the two rotation-guiding slit structures (23) are the same.

2. The slot-coupled fed antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation-guiding gap structure (23) comprises a first fold gap (231) and two fold gaps (232) connected to each other, wherein the first fold gap (231) is connected to the second gap (22), and a first angle is formed between the first fold gap (231) and the second gap (22), and a second angle is formed between the first fold gap (231) and the two fold gaps (232); And / or, the microstrip line (4) forms an angle of 40° to 50° with the first slot (21) and the second slot (22), respectively.

3. The slot-coupled fed antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The microstrip line (4) forms an angle of 45° with the first slot (21) and the second slot (22) respectively; And / or, the first angle is between 100° and 135°, and the second angle is between 100° and 135°; And / or, the gap width of the second fold gap (232) is smaller than the gap width of the first fold gap (231); And / or, the width of the two-fold slit (232) gradually decreases from one end close to the one-fold slit (231) to one end away from the one-fold slit (231); And / or, the width of the first fold gap (231) gradually decreases from one end away from the second fold gap (232) to one end close to the second fold gap (232); And / or, the slit width of the first fold slit (231) is 4 mm to 4.5 mm, the slit width of the second fold slit (232) is 2 mm to 2.5 mm, the slit width of the first slit (21) is 5 mm to 7 mm, and the slit width of the second slit (22) is 5 mm to 7 mm; And / or, the ratio of the length L1 of the first gap (21) to the length L2 of the second gap (22) is L1:L2=1:(1.2-1.5), and the length of the first gap (21) is 25 mm-30 mm.

4. The slot-coupled-fed antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The medium structure (3) comprises a medium main body structure (31) and a medium rotation structure (32); the medium main body structure (31) completely covers the gap structure (2) in a direction perpendicular to the gap structure (2); the medium rotation structure (32) is connected to the side wall of the medium main body structure (31); and the rotation direction of the medium rotation structure (32) is the same as the rotation direction of the rotation gap structure (23).

5. The slot-coupled fed antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the medium swirl guiding structures (32) is multiple, and the multiple medium swirl guiding structures (32) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the medium main body structure (31); And / or, the medium rotation guiding structure (32) is an L-shaped structure, and the bending direction of one end of the L-shaped structure away from the medium main body structure (31) is the same as the bending direction of the rotation guiding gap structure (32).

6. The slot-coupled fed antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotation direction is a left-hand direction, and the bending direction of the medium rotation structure (32) and the rotation-guiding gap structure (23) is a clockwise bending direction; And / or, the rotation direction is right-handed, and the bending direction of the medium rotation structure (32) and the rotation-guiding gap structure (23) is counterclockwise.

7. The slot-coupled fed antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top view of the medium main structure (31) is square, the number of the medium swirl structures (32) is four, and the four medium swirl structures (32) are respectively located at the four corners of the medium main structure (31); Alternatively, the top view of the medium main body structure (31) is circular, and the number of the medium swirl structures (32) is 4 to 6.

8. The slot-coupled fed antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antenna further comprises a metal rotator (5) arranged on the substrate (1); a rotator space (33) is formed between two adjacent dielectric rotator structures (32) and the side wall of the dielectric main structure (31); one metal rotator (5) is arranged in each rotator space; a plurality of metal rotators (5) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the dielectric main structure (31) and do not contact the dielectric structure (3).

9. The slot-coupled fed antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the metal spin guide (5) is 5 to 7 mm; And / or, the height of the metal vortex guide (5) is 1 to 1.2 times the height of the medium structure (3); And / or, the material of the metal vortex guide (5) is a metal with high electrical conductivity such as aluminum, copper, iron, silver, etc.; And / or, along the rotation direction, the distance a from the starting end of the metal rotation guide (5) to the center of the medium main structure (31) is greater than the distance b from the ending end of the metal rotation guide (5) to the center of the medium main structure (31); And / or, along the rotation direction, the straight-line distance c from the starting end of the metal rotator (5) to the medium rotation structure (32) close thereto is greater than the straight-line distance d from the ending end of the metal rotator (5) to the medium rotation structure (32) close thereto.

10. The slot-coupled fed antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate (1) is a PCB board with a dielectric constant of 4.4; And / or, the material of the dielectric structure (3) is ceramic.

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