Ground station satellite antenna design method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a ground station satellite antenna design method and system, and relates to the technical field of antenna design. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a working frequency band of a ground station satellite; selecting a target satellite antenna based on the working frequency band; the diversity parameters of the target satellite antenna are optimized, and a satellite antenna array is designed according to the target satellite antenna after grading parameter optimization; determining the beam gain of the satellite antenna array; according to the beam gain, establishing a first target function about the antenna main beam gain, a second target function about the antenna interference beam gain and constraint conditions; under the constraint of the constraint condition, minimizing the first objective function and maximizing the second objective function as targets, and adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm to determine the optimal configuration of the satellite antenna array; and performing antenna configuration on the satellite antenna array according to the optimal configuration. According to the invention, the transmission rate of antenna signals is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antenna design, and in particular to a ground station satellite antenna design method and system. Background Art

[0002] Ground station satellite antennas are antenna devices installed on the surface of the earth, used to receive signals from satellites or send commands and data to satellites. They usually have high gain, precise beam directivity and controllable beam tracking capabilities to ensure reliable communication and data transmission. Ground station satellite antennas are widely used in satellite communications, navigation, remote sensing and deep space exploration. Common types include parabolic antennas, phased array antennas and omnidirectional antennas, which can adapt to the needs of different frequency bands and polarization methods. They are the key bridge connecting the earth and satellites.

[0003] The ground station satellite antenna is the core component of the satellite communication system, responsible for ensuring efficient data transmission between the ground and the satellite. The ground station antenna needs to have high gain, precise beam control and tracking capabilities to cope with the dynamic changes of the satellite and maintain a stable communication connection. Effective antenna design can not only improve signal quality and anti-interference capabilities, but also optimize spectrum utilization to meet communication needs in different application scenarios.

[0004] However, traditional mechanical antennas rely on physical movement to track satellites, with slow tracking speed and limited accuracy, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-speed dynamic targets. Interference or resource waste is prone to occur in multi-band or multi-beam designs, failing to fully utilize spectrum resources and affecting communication capacity. Traditional antenna multi-beam designs rely on fixed feed sources or beamforming networks, making it difficult to dynamically adjust beam direction and coverage range, and unable to adapt to rapidly changing communication needs, resulting in the transmission rate of antenna signals being too low. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems that traditional mechanical antennas rely on physical movement to track satellites, have slow tracking speed and limited accuracy, are difficult to meet the needs of high-speed dynamic targets, are prone to interference or waste of resources in multi-band or multi-beam designs, fail to fully utilize spectrum resources, and affect communication capacity, and traditional antenna multi-beam designs rely on fixed feed sources or beamforming networks, are difficult to dynamically adjust beam directions and coverage ranges, and cannot adapt to rapidly changing communication needs, resulting in too low transmission rates of antenna signals, the present invention provides a ground station satellite antenna design method and system.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] First aspect:

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a ground station satellite antenna design method, comprising:

[0009] S1: Get the working frequency band of the ground station satellite;

[0010] S2: Select the target satellite antenna based on the operating frequency band;

[0011] S3: Optimize the diversity parameters of the target satellite antenna;

[0012] S4: Designing a satellite antenna array according to the target satellite antenna after hierarchical parameter optimization;

[0013] S5: Determine the beam gain of the satellite antenna array;

[0014] S6: According to the beam gain, a first objective function regarding the antenna main beam gain, a second objective function regarding the antenna interference beam gain, and constraint conditions are established;

[0015] S7: Under the constraints, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal configuration of the satellite antenna array with the goal of minimizing the first objective function and maximizing the second objective function;

[0016] S8: Perform antenna configuration on the satellite antenna array according to the optimal configuration.

[0017] Second aspect:

[0018] An embodiment of the present invention provides a ground station satellite antenna design system, comprising:

[0019] processor;

[0020] A memory having computer-readable instructions stored therein, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the ground station satellite antenna design method according to the first aspect is implemented.

[0021] The third aspect:

[0022] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the ground station satellite antenna design method as described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0023] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0024] In the present invention, the selection of target satellites, optimization of diversity parameters and dynamic design of satellite antenna arrays are combined to avoid physical movement restrictions of satellite antennas, achieve faster and more accurate satellite signal tracking, meet the needs of high-speed dynamic targets, improve channel capacity utilization efficiency and communication reliability in multipath environments, and optimize feed source excitation parameters by establishing objective functions and constraints for enhancing antenna beam gain and reducing antenna interference wave number gain, and dynamically adjust beam direction and coverage range, thereby greatly reducing interference between multiple beams and waste of spectrum resources, improving communication capacity, achieving anti-interference communication in complex electromagnetic environments, and significantly improving the transmission rate of antenna signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a ground station satellite antenna design method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a ground station satellite antenna design system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present invention, "image" and "picture" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same. "of", "corresponding, relevant" and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written as a non-subscript such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are the same.

[0032] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Reference Manual Attached Figure 1 , shows a flow chart of a ground station satellite antenna design method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a ground station satellite antenna, the method comprising:

[0035] S1: Get the working frequency band of the ground station satellite.

[0036] Among them, ground station satellite refers to a facility located on the ground that receives or sends satellite signals, usually used for communication or data transmission with satellites. The working frequency band refers to the electromagnetic spectrum range used for satellite communications. Different frequency bands have different transmission characteristics and applicable environments. Selecting the appropriate frequency band is the key to ensuring communication quality.

[0037] It should be noted that electromagnetic waves in different frequency bands have different attenuation, penetration ability and bandwidth characteristics during propagation. Choosing the appropriate frequency band can effectively improve communication quality and stability.

[0038] In a possible implementation manner, the operating frequency bands specifically include: L band, S band, C band, X band, Ku band, Ka band, V band and Q band.

[0039] Among them, the L band (1-2 GHz) has a longer wavelength and stronger penetration, and can communicate in worse weather conditions. The S band (2-4 GHz) has strong anti-interference ability and a longer communication distance. The C band (4-8GHz) signal can effectively penetrate the atmosphere and has good anti-interference ability against meteorological conditions such as precipitation. The X band (8-12 GHz) has a higher frequency, which makes the signal bandwidth wider and can provide a higher data transmission rate. The Ku band (12-18 GHz) has a high communication speed and can provide a larger bandwidth, but its signal is more sensitive to weather conditions such as precipitation. The Ka band (26.5-40 GHz) provides very high bandwidth and data transmission speed, which is suitable for scenarios requiring high-capacity and high-speed data communication. The V band (40-75 GHz) has a short wavelength and large signal attenuation, which is suitable for short-distance, high-speed data transmission applications. The Q band (33-50 GHz) has a higher frequency and can provide a wider bandwidth and a higher data transmission rate.

[0040] S2: Select the target satellite antenna based on the operating frequency band.

[0041] It should be noted that different frequency bands have different requirements for antenna design and performance. Selecting an antenna suitable for the frequency band can optimize signal transmission efficiency, reduce interference and improve communication quality.

[0042] In a possible implementation, types of the target satellite antenna include: a helical antenna, a microstrip antenna, a phased array antenna, an array antenna, and a parabolic antenna.

[0043] Among them, the helical antenna is an antenna that is wound into a spiral shape by a conductor (usually a metal wire). It usually has circular polarization characteristics, can work in a larger frequency range, has a wider beam, and is suitable for low-frequency communications. The microstrip antenna is a planar antenna, usually composed of a metal plate (conductor) and a ground plane below, separated by an insulating material (medium). It has the characteristics of low profile, wide bandwidth, and lightness, and can be integrated into a circuit board. It is usually used for high-frequency applications and can support different modes and polarization forms (such as linear polarization and circular polarization). The phased array antenna consists of multiple antenna units, and the phase of each antenna unit is It can be dynamically adjusted to achieve fast and precise control of the beam direction. It has the characteristics of high speed, high flexibility, low mechanical loss and high integration. The array antenna is an antenna system composed of multiple individual antenna units (or antenna elements). It synthesizes a beam with specific directivity and gain by adjusting the phase and amplitude. The radiation pattern and beam direction of the antenna can be flexibly changed by adjusting the excitation amplitude and phase of each antenna unit. The parabolic antenna is a common antenna form with a parabolic radiating surface. It can provide very high gain and precise directivity and has strong directivity.

[0044] Specifically, the wavelength of the L-band signal is longer, and the parabolic antenna can provide better gain and wider beam, and the spiral antenna has circular polarization characteristics, both of which are suitable for the L-band. The S-band has strong anti-interference ability and a longer communication range, and parabolic antennas, phased array antennas and microstrip antennas can be selected. The C-band is used for satellite communication and broadcasting, and the parabolic antenna has the characteristics of high gain. The microstrip antenna is small in size and low in weight, and both are suitable for the C-band. The X-band signal bandwidth is higher, requiring high-precision antenna design, and phased array antennas and parabolic antennas with high gain characteristics can be selected. The Ku-band is often used in satellite broadcasting, satellite Internet and TV transmission, and parabolic antennas and microstrip antennas can be selected. The Ka-band is used for high-speed data transmission, and has higher requirements for antenna design. Phased array antennas are usually selected to support high-bandwidth communications. The V-band has a higher frequency and a short wavelength, and has higher requirements for the size and precision of the antenna. Microstrip antennas and array antennas that can support high-precision beam control should be selected. The Q-band is widely used in high-capacity data transmission, astronomical observation and other fields, and microstrip antennas and phased array antennas can be selected.

[0045] S3: Optimize the diversity parameters of the target satellite antenna.

[0046] It should be noted that by optimizing the diversity parameters of the target satellite antenna, the stability and performance of the communication system can be significantly improved. The optimized diversity parameters help reduce signal attenuation and interference and improve the effective transmission range and quality of the signal.

[0047] In a possible implementation manner, the diversity parameters include: envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, channel capacity loss, average effective gain and total effective reflection coefficient.

[0048] Among them, the envelope correlation coefficient (Envelope Correlation Coefficient) indicates the similarity of the envelopes (i.e., the fluctuating part of the signal strength) between two signals, and measures the degree of independence of the signals in multipath propagation or multi-antenna systems. The value of the envelope correlation coefficient is usually between 0 and 1. The closer the value is to 0, the more independent the signals are, and the smaller the interference and attenuation effects are. The closer the value is to 1, the stronger the correlation between the signals is, which may cause signal interference or enhance the same interference. Diversity gain (Diversity Gain) refers to the use of multiple independent signal paths (such as multi-antenna reception, multi-band or time diversity) to increase signal strength, thereby improving the performance of the communication system. Channel capacity loss (Channel Capacity Loss) refers to the maximum amount of information that a signal can transmit under given channel conditions, and measures the reduction in effective data transmission due to noise, attenuation, interference and other factors during channel transmission. Average effective gain (Average Effective Gain) refers to the average value of the effective gain of an antenna or system in all directions under various channel conditions, which combines the radiation performance of the antenna or system at different angles. The total effective reflection coefficient (Total Effective Reflection Coefficient) Reflection Coefficient) describes the intensity ratio of the signal reflected from the antenna, reflects the reflection loss of the antenna system, and is an important parameter for measuring the antenna matching performance. The higher the reflection coefficient, the more energy of the signal is reflected back, resulting in a decrease in transmission efficiency.

[0049] Specifically, the calculation formula of the envelope correlation coefficient is:

[0050]

[0051] Where ECC represents the envelope correlation coefficient, represents the complex conjugate, represents the electric field component of the pth satellite antenna in the θ direction, represents the electric field component of the qth satellite antenna in the θ direction, represents the electric field component of the pth satellite antenna in the φ direction, represents the electric field component of the qth satellite antenna in the φ direction, represents the power weight in the θ direction, represents the power weight in the φ direction, XPR represents the cross-polarization ratio, represents the total power of the qth antenna in the θ direction and the φ direction, and β represents the total power of the pth antenna in the θ direction and the φ direction.

[0052] In the present invention, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is a diversity parameter used to indicate the correlation between adjacent radiating units of a satellite antenna. The envelope correlation coefficient can be calculated by a radiation pattern or an S parameter. When designing a satellite antenna, the envelope correlation coefficient needs to be optimized until the envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.5 to ensure the independence of each unit and improve diversity performance.

[0053] The calculation formula of diversity gain is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Wherein, DG represents diversity gain.

[0056] In the present invention, diversity gain (DG) represents the signal quality and reliability of a satellite antenna in a wireless system. When designing a satellite antenna, the diversity gain needs to be optimized to reach an ideal value of 10 dB.

[0057] The calculation formula for channel capacity loss is:

[0058]

[0059] Where CCL represents the channel capacity loss, represents the determinant of the matrix, represents the correlation matrix of the satellite antenna, Representation Matrix The elements in , S 11 represents the reflection coefficient at the input of the satellite antenna, S 12 represents the reverse transmission coefficient of the satellite antenna, S 21 represents the forward transmission coefficient of the satellite antenna, S 22 Represents the reflection coefficient at the output of the satellite antenna.

[0060] In the present invention, channel capacity loss (CCL) is the maximum limit for information to be transmitted with near-zero loss in a communication channel. The lower the channel capacity loss, the higher the communication efficiency of the channel. When designing an antenna, it is necessary to optimize the channel capacity loss to ensure that the CCL value is less than 0.4 bits / s / Hz to ensure efficient information transmission.

[0061] The calculation formula of average effective gain is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, MEG i represents the average effective gain of the ith satellite antenna, MEG j represents the average effective gain of the jth satellite antenna, S ii represents the input reflection coefficient of the ith satellite antenna, S ij represents the transmission coefficient between the i-th satellite antenna and the j-th satellite antenna, S jj represents the input reflection coefficient of the jth satellite antenna, and denote the reflected power coefficients of the i-th satellite antenna and the j-th satellite antenna respectively, represents the transmission power coefficient from the i-th satellite antenna to the j-th satellite antenna.

[0064] In the present invention, the average effective gain is the ratio of the power received by the satellite antenna to the power received by the isotropic antenna. It is calculated through S parameters to indicate whether the power received by different antenna units is evenly distributed. When designing the antenna, it is necessary to optimize the average effective gain to ensure that the ratio is less than 3 dB to ensure good performance of the satellite antenna.

[0065] The total effective reflection coefficient is specifically:

[0066]

[0067] Where TARC is the total effective reflection coefficient, b i represents the scattering vector of the i-th satellite antenna, a i represents the excitation vector of the ith satellite antenna, , N represents the total number of satellite antennas, [S] represents the scattering matrix containing S parameters, represents the input signal phase factor of the satellite antenna, j represents the imaginary unit, and θ represents the phase angle.

[0068] In the present invention, the total effective reflection coefficient (TARC) characterizes the reflection loss of the antenna, and needs to be optimized during design so that the total effective reflection coefficient is as close to zero as possible, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the system.

[0069] S4: Design a satellite antenna array based on the target satellite antenna after hierarchical parameter optimization.

[0070] It should be noted that designing a satellite antenna array based on optimized diversity parameters can effectively improve the performance and reliability of the antenna. The optimized parameters can ensure that the antenna array performs optimally in a specific frequency band, reduce signal attenuation and interference, and improve beam pointing accuracy and signal coverage.

[0071] S5: Determine the beam gain of the satellite antenna array.

[0072] Among them, beam gain refers to the ability of the antenna array to concentrate on radiating or receiving signals in a specific direction. The higher the beam gain, the stronger the signal strength of the antenna in that direction, and vice versa.

[0073] It should be noted that by determining the beam gain of the satellite antenna array, the directivity and transmission efficiency of the antenna can be optimized. By precisely adjusting the beam gain, interference can be effectively reduced, signal quality can be improved, and stable communication between the satellite and the ground station can be ensured.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the satellite antenna array includes multiple feed sources, and S5 specifically includes:

[0075] S501: Determine the overall beam pattern of the satellite antenna array:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, E Total (u,v) represents the overall beam pattern in the direction (u,v), w p represents the excitation coefficient of the pth feed source, f p represents the sub-beam pattern formed by the p-th feed, , M represents the total number of feed sources of the satellite antenna array.

[0078] It should be noted that by determining the overall beam pattern of the satellite antenna array, the radiation characteristics of the antenna array in different directions can be accurately described, thereby optimizing the beam coverage and signal transmission efficiency.

[0079] S502: Determine the total radiation field pattern of the main beam in the overall beam pattern:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, E R (u, v) represents the total radiation field of the main beam R of the satellite antenna array in the direction (u, v), w Rp represents the excitation coefficient of the pth feed in the main beam R, fRp represents the sub-beam pattern formed by the p-th feed in the main beam R, a Rp represents the excitation amplitude of the pth feed of the main beam R, P Rp represents the excitation phase of the pth feed in the main beam R, , L represents the total number of feeds in the main beam R, e represents the index, and j represents the imaginary unit.

[0082] It should be noted that by determining the total radiation field pattern of the main beam in the overall beam pattern, the radiation distribution characteristics of the main beam of the satellite antenna array can be clarified, the design of the antenna array can be optimized, unnecessary signal waste can be avoided, and the signal strength of the system in a specific direction can be enhanced.

[0083] S503: Determine the wave number gain according to the total radiation field pattern:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, G R (u,v) represents the wavenumber gain of the beam R of the satellite antenna array in the direction (u,v).

[0086] S6: According to the beam gain, establish a first objective function regarding the antenna main beam gain, a second objective function regarding the antenna interference beam gain, and constraint conditions.

[0087] It should be noted that by establishing the first objective function regarding the antenna main beam gain, the signal coverage and quality are ensured, and by establishing the second objective function regarding the antenna interference beam gain, the impact of interference on system performance is reduced. By setting reasonable constraints, the relationship between signal strength and interference suppression can be balanced, thereby improving the overall efficiency and stability of the satellite antenna.

[0088] In a possible implementation, the first objective function and the second objective function are specifically:

[0089]

[0090] Wherein, f1(X) represents the first objective function, f2(X) represents the second objective function, X represents the feed excitation configuration vector of the main beam R, min represents minimization, and max represents maximization. Indicates the direction of beam R in the satellite coverage area The gain on Indicates the direction of beam R in the coverage area of ​​the same frequency beam The gain on represents the sampling point position of the main beam R, , N MR represents the total number of sampling points of the main beam R, represents the sampling point position of the co-channel interference beam, , N SR Indicates the total number of sampling points of the co-channel interference beam.

[0091] In a possible implementation manner, the feed source excitation configuration vector is specifically:

[0092]

[0093] Where X represents the feed excitation configuration vector of the main beam R, a Rp represents the excitation amplitude of the pth feed of the main beam R, P Rp represents the excitation phase of the pth feed in the main beam R, , L represents the total number of feeds in the main beam R.

[0094] In a possible implementation, the constraints specifically include:

[0095] Feed amplitude weight constraints:

[0096] ;

[0097] The gain constraint of the main beam R is:

[0098] ;

[0099] Gain constraints of co-channel interference beams:

[0100] .

[0101] S7: Under the constraints, with the goal of minimizing the first objective function and maximizing the second objective function, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal configuration of the satellite antenna array.

[0102] It should be noted that the particle swarm optimization algorithm can efficiently determine the optimal configuration, improve the performance of the satellite antenna array, ensure the quality of signal transmission and effectively suppress interference.

[0103] In the present invention, S7 specifically includes:

[0104] S701: Initialize the particle swarm, set the inertia weight range, learning factor, maximum number of iterations, population size, particle position, particle velocity, individual optimal value and population global optimal value.

[0105] Among them, each particle represents a feed source excitation configuration vector.

[0106] S702: Calculate the nonlinear inertia weight of each particle:

[0107]

[0108] in, represents the inertia weight of iteration at time t, ω max represents the initial maximum value of the inertia weight, ω min represents the initial minimum value of the inertia weight, T max represents the maximum number of iterations, and e represents the exponential function.

[0109] It should be noted that by dynamically adjusting the inertia weight, the global search and local search capabilities can be effectively balanced. In the early stage of iteration, a larger inertia weight helps particles to conduct a wider global search and cover the entire solution space. In the later stage of iteration, a smaller inertia weight enhances the local search capability of particles and accelerates convergence to the optimal solution. The nonlinear decreasing method is more flexible than the linear decreasing method, and can improve the convergence efficiency and optimization accuracy of the algorithm in complex optimization problems.

[0110] S703: Update the speed and position of each particle according to the nonlinear inertia weight:

[0111]

[0112] Among them, v i (t+1) represents the velocity of the i-th particle at the t+1th iteration, v i (t) represents the speed of the i-th particle at the t-th iteration, c1 represents the individual learning factor, r1 and r2 represent random numbers, P i represents the historical optimal position of the i-th particle, x i represents the position of the ith particle at the tth iteration, c2 represents the group learning factor, G represents the global optimal position, and x i (t+1) represents the position of the i-th particle at the t+1-th iteration.

[0113] S704: Calculate the fitness value of each particle;

[0114]

[0115] Among them, F(X) represents the fitness value, w1 and w2 represent weight coefficients, f1(X) represents the first objective function, and f2(X) represents the second objective function.

[0116] S705: According to the fitness value, determine whether the particle position meets the constraint conditions; if so, return to step S701; otherwise, go to S706.

[0117] S706: Update the individual optimal value of the particle and the global optimal value of the population.

[0118] S707: Determine whether the maximum number of iterations has been reached; if so, output the individual optimal position and the global optimal position of the population; otherwise, return to step S703.

[0119] In the present invention, the optimal configuration scheme of the satellite antenna is efficiently found by balancing the global search and local search capabilities of the particle swarm optimization algorithm, thereby achieving the dual optimization goals of maximizing the main beam gain and suppressing the interference beam.

[0120] S8: Perform antenna configuration on the satellite antenna array according to the optimal configuration.

[0121] It should be noted that through precise configuration, the antenna can provide maximum gain in the designed main beam direction while reducing unnecessary interference, so that the antenna array can achieve optimal performance in practical applications, ensure efficient and interference-free communication between satellites and ground stations, adapt to complex environmental conditions and meet different communication needs.

[0122] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0123] In the present invention, the selection of target satellites, the optimization of diversity parameters and the dynamic design of satellite antenna arrays are combined to avoid the physical movement restrictions of satellite antennas, achieve faster and more accurate satellite signal tracking, meet the needs of high-speed dynamic targets, improve the channel capacity utilization efficiency and communication reliability in multi-path environments, and optimize the feed source excitation parameters by establishing objective functions and constraints for enhancing the antenna beam gain and reducing the antenna interference wave number gain, and dynamically adjust the beam direction and coverage range, thereby greatly reducing interference between multiple beams and waste of spectrum resources, improving communication capacity, achieving anti-interference communication in complex electromagnetic environments, and significantly improving the transmission rate of antenna signals.

[0124] Reference Manual Attached Figure 2 , showing a structural schematic diagram of a ground station satellite antenna design system provided by the present invention.

[0125] The present invention further provides a ground station satellite antenna design system 20, which is applied to the above-mentioned ground station satellite antenna design method, comprising:

[0126] Processor 201.

[0127] The memory 202 stores computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor 201, the ground station satellite antenna design method of the method embodiment is implemented.

[0128] The ground station satellite antenna design system 20 provided by the present invention can execute the above-mentioned ground station satellite antenna design method and achieve the same or similar technical effects. To avoid repetition, the present invention will not go into details.

[0129] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0130] In the present invention, the selection of target satellites, the optimization of diversity parameters and the dynamic design of satellite antenna arrays are combined to avoid the physical movement restrictions of satellite antennas, achieve faster and more accurate satellite signal tracking, meet the needs of high-speed dynamic targets, improve the channel capacity utilization efficiency and communication reliability in multi-path environments, and optimize the feed source excitation parameters by establishing objective functions and constraints for enhancing the antenna beam gain and reducing the antenna interference wave number gain, and dynamically adjust the beam direction and coverage range, thereby greatly reducing interference between multiple beams and waste of spectrum resources, improving communication capacity, achieving anti-interference communication in complex electromagnetic environments, and significantly improving the transmission rate of antenna signals.

[0131] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiment of the present invention may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0132] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of random access memory (RAM) are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0133] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When a computer instruction or computer program is loaded or executed on a computer, a process or function according to an embodiment of the present invention is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center by wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0134] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific understanding.

[0135] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0136] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0137] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0138] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described equipment, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0139] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0140] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0141] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0142] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, etc., various media that can store program codes.

[0143] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, a ground station satellite antenna design method as described in a method embodiment is implemented.

[0144] A computer-readable storage medium provided by the present invention can implement the steps and effects of the ground station satellite antenna design method of the above method embodiment. To avoid repetition, the present invention will not go into details.

[0145] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0146] In the present invention, the selection of target satellites, the optimization of diversity parameters and the dynamic design of satellite antenna arrays are combined to avoid the physical movement restrictions of satellite antennas, achieve faster and more accurate satellite signal tracking, meet the needs of high-speed dynamic targets, improve the channel capacity utilization efficiency and communication reliability in multi-path environments, and optimize the feed source excitation parameters by establishing objective functions and constraints for enhancing the antenna beam gain and reducing the antenna interference wave number gain, and dynamically adjust the beam direction and coverage range, thereby greatly reducing interference between multiple beams and waste of spectrum resources, improving communication capacity, achieving anti-interference communication in complex electromagnetic environments, and significantly improving the transmission rate of antenna signals.

[0147] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0148] There are a few points to note:

[0149] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only involve structures related to the embodiments of the present invention. Other structures may refer to conventional designs.

[0150] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of layers or regions is exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly" "on" or "under" the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0151] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0152] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for designing a ground station satellite antenna, characterized in that: include: S1: Get the working frequency band of the ground station satellite; S2: Selecting a target satellite antenna based on the working frequency band; S3: Optimizing the diversity parameters of the target satellite antenna; S4: Designing a satellite antenna array according to the target satellite antenna after hierarchical parameter optimization; S5: Determine the beam gain of the satellite antenna array; S6: establishing a first objective function regarding antenna main beam gain, a second objective function regarding antenna interference beam gain, and constraint conditions according to the beam gain; S7: Under the constraints of the constraints, with the goal of minimizing the first objective function and maximizing the second objective function, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal configuration of the satellite antenna array; S8: Perform antenna configuration on the satellite antenna array according to the optimal configuration.

2. The ground station satellite antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working frequency bands specifically include: L band, S band, C band, X band, Ku band, Ka band, V band and Q band.

3. The ground station satellite antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The types of the target satellite antenna include: helical antenna, microstrip antenna, phased array antenna and parabolic antenna.

4. The ground station satellite antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversity parameters include: envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, channel capacity loss, average effective gain and total effective reflection coefficient.

5. The ground station satellite antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The satellite antenna array includes multiple feed sources, and S5 specifically includes: S501: Determine the overall beam pattern of the satellite antenna array: ； Among them, E Total (u,v) represents the overall beam pattern in the direction (u,v), w p represents the excitation coefficient of the pth feed source, f p represents the sub-beam pattern formed by the p-th feed, , M represents the total number of feed sources of the satellite antenna array; S502: Determine the total radiation field pattern of the main beam in the overall beam pattern: ； Among them, E R (u, v) represents the total radiation field of the main beam R of the satellite antenna array in the direction (u, v), w Rp represents the excitation coefficient of the pth feed in the main beam R, f Rp represents the sub-beam pattern formed by the p-th feed in the main beam R, a Rp represents the excitation amplitude of the pth feed of the main beam R, P Rp represents the excitation phase of the pth feed in the main beam R, , L represents the total number of feeds in the main beam R, e represents the index, and j represents the imaginary unit; S503: Determine the wave number gain according to the total radiation field pattern: ； Among them, G R (u,v) represents the wavenumber gain of the main beam R of the satellite antenna array in the direction (u,v).

6. The method for designing a ground station satellite antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first objective function and the second objective function are specifically: ； Wherein, f1(X) represents the first objective function, f2(X) represents the second objective function, X represents the feed excitation configuration vector of the main beam R, min represents minimization, and max represents maximization. Indicates the direction of beam R in the satellite coverage area The gain on Indicates the direction of beam R in the coverage area of ​​the same frequency beam The gain on represents the sampling point position of the main beam R, , N MR represents the total number of sampling points of the main beam R, represents the sampling point position of the co-channel interference beam, , N SR Indicates the total number of sampling points of the co-channel interference beam.

7. The method for designing a ground station satellite antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feed source excitation configuration vector is specifically: ； Where X represents the feed excitation configuration vector of the main beam R, a Rp represents the excitation amplitude of the pth feed of the main beam R, P Rp represents the excitation phase of the pth feed in the main beam R, , L represents the total number of feeds in the main beam R.

8. The method for designing a ground station satellite antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The constraints specifically include: Feed amplitude weight constraints: ； The gain constraint of the main beam R is: ； Gain constraints of co-channel interference beams: 。 9. A ground station satellite antenna design system, characterized in that: include: processor; A memory having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the ground station satellite antenna design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the ground station satellite antenna design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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