Vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation system and method based on AVCLAN protocol

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation system and method based on an AVCLAN protocol, and belongs to the technical field of vehicle-mounted network communication. The system comprises a data acquisition module which is used for obtaining the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of a network link, the protocol parameters of an AVCLAN protocol, environment characteristics and packet loss data, and inputting the data to a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model, obtaining communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data among the vehicle-mounted devices; the communication delay calculation module is used for calculating the total communication delay among the vehicle-mounted equipment; and the communication simulation and optimization module is used for determining a communication performance evaluation result and a path and network optimization result. According to the scheme, the performance of the vehicle-mounted communication system can be accurately simulated and evaluated, the communication link, the bandwidth allocation and the data transmission strategy are optimized, and the reliability, the stability and the real-time performance of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of vehicle-mounted network communication technology, and specifically relates to a vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation system and method based on the AVC_LAN protocol. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent transportation systems, communication between on-board devices has become increasingly important. In order to ensure safe driving, efficient collaboration and data synchronization between vehicles, it is crucial to accurately grasp the initial status of each on-board device, real-time changes in network links, parameter configuration of specific protocols (such as AVC_LAN protocol), environmental characteristics and packet loss data.

[0003] Using computer software and hardware resources, a simulation environment similar to the real communication environment is built. This simulation environment can simulate key elements such as communication links, signal propagation, data packet transmission between vehicle-mounted devices, as well as possible communication interference and failure conditions.

[0004] The vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation environment built using computer software and hardware resources, although low-cost and highly flexible, has limitations in simulation accuracy, real-time, dynamics, and comprehensive evaluation of communication performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation system and method based on the AVC_LAN protocol to solve the problem that the vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation environment built with computer software and hardware resources, although low cost and high flexibility, has limitations in simulation accuracy, real-time, dynamics and comprehensive evaluation of communication performance.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol, the system comprising: The data acquisition module is used to obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, and input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data into the complete vehicle-mounted device connection model to obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; A communication delay calculation module, used to calculate the total communication delay between each vehicle-mounted device according to the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data and a preset communication delay calculation formula; The communication simulation and optimization module is used to obtain the actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device, and input the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol, the method comprising: Obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data into a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model, and obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; Calculate the total communication delay between the vehicle-mounted devices based on the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula; The actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device is obtained, and the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device are input into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

[0008] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, a data acquisition module is used to obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, real-time changes in the network link, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics and packet loss data, and input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, real-time changes in the network link, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics and packet loss data into a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model to obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; a communication delay calculation module is used to calculate the total communication delay between each vehicle-mounted device based on the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data and a preset communication delay calculation formula; a communication simulation and optimization module is used to obtain the actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device, and input the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device into a configured communication simulation platform to obtain communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results. Through the above-mentioned vehicle equipment communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol, the performance of the vehicle communication system can be accurately simulated and evaluated, potential network bottlenecks and communication delays can be identified in advance, and communication links, bandwidth allocation and data transmission strategies can be optimized, thereby significantly improving the reliability, stability and real-time performance of the system. The simulation can also provide a decision-making basis for the topology adjustment of the vehicle network, adaptation to environmental changes and collaborative work between devices, reducing testing costs and risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a flowchart of a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in Example 4 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only part of the present application is shown in the accompanying drawings, but not all of the content. Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flow charts. Although the flow chart describes each operation (or step) as a sequential process, many of the operations therein can be implemented in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of each operation can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operation is completed, but it can also have additional steps not included in the accompanying drawings. The process can correspond to a method, a function, a procedure, a subroutine, a subprogram, etc.

[0013] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0015] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system and method based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided by an embodiment of the present application are described in detail through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0016] Embodiment 1

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in the first embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, specifically including the following: The data acquisition module 101 is used to obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, and input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data into the complete vehicle-mounted device connection model to obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; The communication delay calculation module 102 is used to calculate the total communication delay between the vehicle-mounted devices according to the communication data packet size, the communication link bandwidth, the communication link distance, the signal propagation speed, the packet loss delay data and the preset communication delay calculation formula; The communication simulation and optimization module 103 is used to obtain the actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device, and input the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation results and the path and network optimization results.

[0018] In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted equipment may refer to various electronic devices deployed inside the vehicle for communication, information processing, control and other functions. For example, the vehicle-mounted infotainment system: audio, video, navigation, intelligent voice assistant, etc. Gateway device: responsible for vehicle network protocol conversion and data transfer. Electronic control unit: used to control vehicle power, chassis, safety, body, etc. Telematics module: used for vehicle network communication, such as 4G / 5G, V2X (vehicle-to-vehicle / infrastructure communication). Sensor equipment: camera, millimeter wave radar, lidar, etc. Display terminal: instrument panel, head-up display.

[0019] The initial state of the vehicle-mounted device can be the state information of each vehicle-mounted device at the beginning of the simulation, such as the device switch state (on / off), the current communication mode (active communication, passive communication, broadcast, unicast), the device load (current data processing capability, CPU / storage occupancy), the communication channel state (Wi-Fi / Bluetooth / wired / CAN bus connection status), and the location information (such as GPS coordinates, used to evaluate the V2X communication range).

[0020] Real-time changes in network links can be dynamic changes that may occur in network links during the simulation process, including network bandwidth fluctuations (bandwidth changes caused by interference, signal attenuation, etc.), connection loss / recovery (such as Wi-Fi signal interruption, device disconnection), data traffic load changes (link congestion due to increased data volume), and communication protocol switching (such as 4G to 5G, CAN to Ethernet).

[0021] The protocol parameters of AVC-LAN include data frame format (Header, Payload, Checksum), communication rate (such as 10kbps), data frame length (byte limit), address allocation mechanism (device ID, broadcast / multicast address), and error detection mechanism (CRC check, data retransmission).

[0022] Environmental characteristics can be external factors in the simulation environment that may affect vehicle communications, and may include geographical environment (cities, highways, mountainous areas, etc.), electromagnetic interference (such as high-voltage power lines, radars, and radio signal interference), weather conditions (such as the impact of heavy rain, fog, and lightning on signal propagation), and vehicle density (high-density traffic may cause V2X communication conflicts).

[0023] Packet loss data can be statistical information about data packets that fail to successfully reach the target device during the communication process, including packet loss rate (for example, 1% means that 1 out of 100 data packets is lost), packet loss mode (continuous packet loss, random packet loss), and packet loss reasons (insufficient bandwidth, excessive interference, device abnormality).

[0024] A complete vehicle-mounted device connection model can be a network model that contains all vehicle-mounted devices and their communication relationships, including communication links between devices (such as ECU and IVI connected via CAN bus), communication paths (such as sensor → ECU → IVI → remote server), and data interaction modes (such as IVI sending navigation data to TCU, and TCU uploading to the cloud). This model is used to simulate how different devices interact in the vehicle network and test the impact of different configurations on communication performance.

[0025] The communication data packet size may be the length of the data packet sent by the vehicle-mounted device, such as a small data packet (control signal): tens of bytes, a large data packet (video stream): several MB.

[0026] The communication link bandwidth can be the maximum data transmission rate of the communication link, such as CAN bus: 500kbps, 5GV2X: 1Gbps.

[0027] The communication link distance can be the maximum communication distance between devices, such as in-vehicle Wi-Fi: 30 meters, V2X DSRC: 300 meters.

[0028] Signal propagation speed can be the rate at which packets propagate across a link, such as an optical fiber: m / s, radio waves: m / s.

[0029] Packet loss delay data can be the additional data transmission time caused by packet loss. For example, if the packet loss rate is 5%, the data that needs to be retransmitted will increase the delay.

[0030] The initial status of vehicle-mounted devices (such as ECU, T-Box, infotainment system, camera, radar, V2X module, etc.) can be collected through vehicle-mounted bus protocols (such as AVC_LAN, CAN, FlexRay, Ethernet) or diagnostic tools (such as UDS, OBD-II). For example, vehicle-mounted network protocol monitoring: read device status messages through AVC_LAN monitoring tools (such as bus sniffers, protocol analyzers), record device power-on status through CAN / FlexRay data acquisition devices, and read device IP, port, connection status, etc. through vehicle-mounted Ethernet (Ethernet) diagnosis. Vehicle-mounted device self-reporting: collect device startup status through T-Box or remote diagnostic platform, read device status parameters through ECU diagnostic commands (UDS / OBD-II), static configuration data: pre-stored device parameters (such as device type, protocol version, hardware characteristics). The status of the vehicle network link will be affected by vehicle speed, signal interference, bandwidth occupancy, and link quality changes. Therefore, it is necessary to collect real-time link change data. Specifically, AVC_LAN bus monitoring can be used: monitor the delay and packet loss between data frames through a protocol analyzer, and calculate the real-time bandwidth occupancy rate. Link quality monitoring: monitor the physical layer status of AVC_LAN (signal strength, bit error rate) through a signal detection tool, and simulate signal fluctuations through a network simulation platform (such as ns-3, OMNeT++). V2X (vehicle-to-everything) monitoring: record signal changes in DSRC or C-V2X links, and obtain changes in communication delays caused by vehicle movement. AVC_LAN is a bus protocol for in-vehicle multimedia and infotainment systems. The protocol parameters determine the communication mode and data transmission behavior. Protocol documents and standards can be used: obtain the AVC_LAN protocol standard and parse the parameters of the protocol stack. Vehicle device message analysis: monitor AVC_LAN messages, extract protocol-related fields, and read the protocol version through diagnostic commands (UDS). Communication protocol configuration: read the AVC_LAN configuration through the gateway device. Environmental factors can affect the communication quality of the vehicle network, such as weather, road conditions, and vehicle density. Specifically, real-time weather can be obtained through the meteorological API (temperature, humidity, and rainfall). Traffic conditions can be obtained through the fleet management system (FMS) to obtain vehicle density, and road conditions can be recorded through V2X sensors. The geographical environment can record road types (city / highway / mountain road) through GPS data, and calculate obstructions (high-rise buildings, tunnels) through map data. Packet loss data can be used to evaluate the stability and reliability of the vehicle network. Specifically, protocol analysis can be used to monitor AVC_LAN messages and count lost data frames. Network test: Send a ping test (calculate the packet loss rate) to perform end-to-end throughput tests.Then, the initial state of the vehicle-mounted equipment, the real-time changes of the network link, the AVC_LAN protocol parameters, the environmental characteristics, and the packet loss data are used as input to calculate the communication data between each vehicle-mounted equipment. Specifically, the complete vehicle-mounted equipment connection model determines the size of the data packet between each device according to the AVC_LAN protocol and the real-time link status. According to the real-time bandwidth of the link and the device status, the bandwidth is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the communication needs of each device are met. According to the physical location of the device and environmental factors, the actual communication distance between devices is calculated, which affects the signal propagation speed and delay. After taking into account the environmental impact, the signal propagation speed in the link is calculated. Based on the packet loss rate and retransmission mechanism, the simulation platform calculates the additional delay caused by packet loss.

[0031] The total communication delay may refer to the sum of all time delays experienced from sending data from one in-vehicle device to receiving the data from another in-vehicle device.

[0032] The communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, and packet loss delay data can be substituted into the preset communication delay calculation formula to obtain the total communication delay between the various on-board devices.

[0033] The actual communication demand data can be the communication capabilities or resources required by the on-board equipment in a specific environment, which can specifically include data transmission rate: the minimum data transmission rate required by each on-board equipment at different times, environments or tasks. Bandwidth requirements: the bandwidth required for the communication link of the on-board equipment to ensure efficient data transmission. Delay requirements: Different tasks or applications may have different delay requirements, such as real-time video transmission, collision avoidance systems, etc. that require lower delays. Reliability requirements: The requirements of on-board equipment for packet loss rate and error recovery. Quality of service: including priority, flow control and other requirements. These data reflect the specific communication requirements of the on-board equipment during operation, including parameters such as required bandwidth, delay, reliability, etc., which can be determined based on historical data, task requirements or real-time requirements.

[0034] A configured communication simulation platform can refer to a simulation environment in which all necessary configurations and model settings have been completed during the initialization phase. In this platform, the following elements have been set and configured: Communication link configuration: The detailed configuration of the communication link is set according to the vehicle communication link data (such as bandwidth, packet loss rate, signal strength, etc.). Scenario setting: Based on the topology of the vehicle network and environmental characteristics (such as road type, weather conditions, etc.), the platform configures simulation scenarios to simulate the impact of the environment. Protocol stack configuration: According to the requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol, the protocol stack is configured to ensure that the communication between vehicle devices meets the standards. Device connection model: The connection model of the vehicle devices is built on the platform, and the roles and communication requirements of each device are determined. Data format setting: The format of data exchange between vehicle devices is set to ensure that the data can be correctly parsed between devices. After the configuration is completed, this platform has the ability to simulate vehicle communications and can be used to evaluate the communication performance, latency, bandwidth utilization, etc. of different vehicle devices under different conditions.

[0035] The communication performance evaluation results can be the results reflecting the communication effect of the vehicle-mounted equipment after running through the simulation platform, which can include delay: evaluating the communication delay between each vehicle-mounted equipment, including the total delay and the contribution of different components (transmission delay, propagation delay, queuing delay, etc.). Bandwidth utilization: evaluating the use of link bandwidth, whether there is bandwidth waste or bandwidth bottleneck. Throughput: the amount of data successfully transmitted by the vehicle-mounted equipment in a given time. Packet loss rate: the communication packet loss of each vehicle-mounted equipment during the simulation, including the proportion of packet loss and the reason for packet loss. Network load: the load of the vehicle network under different conditions, whether there is overload.

[0036] The path and network optimization results can be the results obtained after optimization based on the communication performance data evaluated by the communication simulation platform. Specifically, it can include network path optimization: according to the communication path analysis in the simulation, optimize the communication path between each vehicle-mounted device to avoid communication bottlenecks and reduce packet loss and delay. For example, communication can be optimized by adjusting the communication order between devices or selecting a more suitable relay path. Bandwidth adjustment: according to the evaluation results of network load and bandwidth utilization, optimize bandwidth allocation to avoid bandwidth overload or idleness of some vehicle-mounted devices. Link configuration optimization: improve communication quality by adjusting the configuration of the link (such as frequency, signal strength, anti-interference ability, etc.). Protocol optimization: improve communication efficiency and stability by optimizing AVC_LAN protocol parameters (such as data packet size, transmission rate, etc.). QoS optimization: optimize communication strategies according to communication needs and service quality requirements to ensure that critical mission communications (such as autonomous driving systems, real-time monitoring) have sufficient bandwidth and low latency. These optimization results will ultimately have a positive impact on the overall communication performance of the fleet, improve the coordination and communication efficiency between vehicle-mounted devices, and ensure the efficiency and stability of communication of the fleet in complex environments.

[0037] Actual communication demand data can be obtained through the following channels: Task requirement analysis: Vehicle equipment task type: Different vehicle equipment (such as autonomous driving system, vehicle entertainment system, vehicle detection system, etc.) have different communication requirements. For example, the autonomous driving system requires low latency, high reliability and high bandwidth communication, while the entertainment system may focus more on stable bandwidth requirements. Real-time communication requirements: Based on the tasks currently performed by the vehicle equipment, the requirements of each vehicle equipment for data transmission are analyzed in real time, including transmission rate, delay, packet loss rate, etc. Environmental changes: Vehicle speed and position: The speed of the vehicle, road conditions (such as congestion or smooth traffic), etc. will affect the communication requirements. For example, a stronger signal and higher bandwidth are required to ensure real-time performance when the vehicle is driving at high speed. Network load conditions: The communication load between vehicle equipment will be different in different environments. If a large number of devices are communicating simultaneously in the network, the bandwidth requirements and delay tolerance will change. Protocol-based requirements: AVC_LAN protocol requirements: The AVC_LAN protocol may have different bandwidth and delay requirements for different types of communications (such as vehicle video streaming, data upload, real-time control commands, etc.). Communication protocol requirements between devices: Based on the implementation of the AVC_LAN protocol by each vehicle-mounted device, determine their specific requirements for data transmission, such as frame rate, data packet size, etc.

[0038] In the configured simulation platform, the acquired communication demand data of each vehicle-mounted device will be used as input for simulation. The simulation platform processes this data through the following steps: After receiving the communication demand data of each vehicle-mounted device, the simulation platform will configure the role and communication priority of the vehicle-mounted device according to the task type and requirements of the device (such as low latency, high bandwidth requirements, etc.). According to the communication requirements, the simulation platform automatically allocates appropriate resources (such as bandwidth, latency, reliability requirements, etc.) to each vehicle-mounted device and sets communication parameters (such as data packet size, frequency, sending time, etc.). The simulation platform sets the actual capacity of each communication link according to the communication link data between devices (such as link bandwidth, packet loss rate, etc.). Set scenario data according to environmental characteristics (such as weather conditions, vehicle spacing, traffic flow, etc.), which affects parameters such as signal propagation speed, bandwidth and delay. During the simulation process, the vehicle-mounted device transmits accordingly according to its communication requirements. The platform simulates the transmission of data packets according to the set topology and protocol requirements, and calculates the communication performance between each vehicle-mounted device (such as data packet size, link bandwidth, propagation speed, delay, etc.). During the simulation process, the platform continuously monitors the link status, network load and packet loss, and adjusts the communication strategy between devices in real time. Then obtain the communication performance evaluation results. Specifically, delay evaluation: calculate the total communication delay between each vehicle-mounted device, including link delay, propagation delay, queuing delay, etc., and evaluate whether these delays meet the communication requirements of the vehicle-mounted devices. Bandwidth evaluation: According to the simulation results, evaluate the bandwidth utilization of each link to ensure that the communication bandwidth requirements of the vehicle-mounted devices are met. Packet loss rate: Count the occurrence of packet loss during the simulation process and evaluate the impact of packet loss rate on communication quality. Then obtain the path and network optimization results. Specifically, path optimization: The simulation platform optimizes the communication path between vehicle-mounted devices based on network topology and communication requirements to avoid bandwidth bottlenecks or excessive delays. Network optimization: Based on the load and performance analysis in the simulation, the platform may adjust network parameters (such as frequency band, channel configuration, etc.) to optimize the network performance between vehicle-mounted devices. Protocol optimization: The simulation platform will also adjust the configuration of the protocol stack, such as packet size, transmission frequency, etc., according to the requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol to improve communication efficiency.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, a data acquisition module is used to obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, real-time changes in the network link, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics and packet loss data, and input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, real-time changes in the network link, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics and packet loss data into a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model to obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; a communication delay calculation module is used to calculate the total communication delay between each vehicle-mounted device according to the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data and a preset communication delay calculation formula; a communication simulation and optimization module is used to obtain the actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device, and input the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device into a configured communication simulation platform to obtain communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results. Through the above-mentioned vehicle equipment communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol, the performance of the vehicle communication system can be accurately simulated and evaluated, potential network bottlenecks and communication delays can be identified in advance, and communication links, bandwidth allocation and data transmission strategies can be optimized, thereby significantly improving the reliability, stability and real-time performance of the system. The simulation can also provide a decision-making basis for the topology adjustment of the vehicle network, adaptation to environmental changes and collaborative work between devices, reducing testing costs and risks.

[0040] On the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes a communication simulation platform building module, and the communication simulation platform building module is used to: Acquire the initial communication simulation platform and the vehicle communication link data, and set the communication link configuration on the initial communication simulation platform according to the vehicle communication link data; Obtain the topological structure and environmental characteristics of the vehicle network, and set the scenario data in the initial communication simulation platform according to the topological structure and environmental characteristics; The AVC_LAN protocol and the protocol requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol are obtained, and the protocol stack of the AVC_LAN protocol is configured in the initial communication simulation platform according to the protocol requirements to obtain a configured communication simulation platform.

[0041] In this solution, the initial communication simulation platform can be a preset simulation environment, which provides an infrastructure for subsequent communication testing and network simulation. On this platform, all network configurations, topologies, protocol stacks and other settings will be configured and adjusted later. It usually includes basic communication models and simulation tools, which can simulate various communication environments and network conditions.

[0042] The vehicle communication link data can be detailed information about the communication links between various devices in the vehicle network, including link bandwidth, delay, packet loss rate, signal strength, link stability, etc. It reflects the actual communication quality between vehicle devices and is used to configure the communication link parameters in the simulation platform.

[0043] Communication link configuration can refer to specific parameter settings based on vehicle communication link data. These configurations determine the way and quality of data transmission between vehicle devices, including the transmission speed of the link, data transmission mode, transmission path, etc., to ensure that the link performance during simulation is consistent with the actual environment.

[0044] The topology of the vehicle network can be the connection method and layout between the vehicle devices. For example, the devices may be directly connected point-to-point, connected through relay devices, or connected through routers and other devices to form a more complex topology. The topology determines the data transmission path and the overall architecture of the network.

[0045] Scenario data may refer to simulation scenarios set up in the simulation platform based on the topological structure and environmental characteristics of the vehicle network. These scenario data include but are not limited to vehicle speed, relative positions between vehicles, signal transmission conditions (such as road curvature, obstacles, etc.), and external factors that may affect communication quality (such as weather or terrain).

[0046] The AVC_LAN protocol can be a protocol used for inter-device communication in an in-vehicle communication system. The protocol requirements include specific standards such as communication mode, data format, transmission speed, and transmission delay. It defines how to exchange data between in-vehicle devices, how to detect and correct errors, and how to handle conflicts. The protocol requirements may include some special transmission conditions, such as priority management, flow control mechanism, etc.

[0047] A protocol stack can refer to a combination of a series of protocol hierarchical structures, which defines how data is transmitted in a network. From the physical layer, data link layer, network layer to the application layer, each layer of protocol is responsible for different communication tasks. For example, the AVC_LAN protocol stack may contain multiple protocol layers, from the underlying link control to the upper layer application data exchange, etc. Each layer of protocol plays a different role in data transmission to ensure the reliability, validity and security of data.

[0048] The initial communication simulation platform is a simulation environment, usually provided by communication simulation software (such as NS3, OMNeT++, MATLAB Simulink, QualNet, etc.), which is used to simulate the behavior of the vehicle communication network. The process of obtaining the initial communication simulation platform data and the vehicle communication link data can include the following steps: Select simulation tools: First, select appropriate simulation tools according to the needs of vehicle communication, such as simulation platforms that support mobile communication and vehicle network protocols (such as DSRC, C-V2X, etc.). Configure the basic platform: Set simulation parameters in the simulation platform, such as simulation time, simulation environment (city, highway, etc.), communication frequency, etc. Obtain vehicle communication link data: Vehicle communication link data usually includes link bandwidth, signal attenuation, packet loss rate, link quality, transmission delay, etc. These data can be obtained through actual measurement or reference to literature and standards, or set through existing vehicle network test data (such as V2X experimental data). Analyze link characteristics: Set the characteristics of the vehicle communication link according to the communication model supported by the selected platform to simulate different problems that may occur in wireless communication (such as interference, multipath fading, signal blocking, etc.).

[0049] Then the key to setting the communication link configuration in the initial simulation platform is to correctly input the vehicle communication link data into the simulation platform and set the communication link configuration. Specifically, the communication link parameters can be set: configure the bandwidth, delay, signal attenuation, packet loss rate and other parameters of the communication link in the communication model of the simulation platform. Usually, the simulation platform allows the specification of link models (such as free space propagation, Rayleigh fading, etc.) to simulate the actual link quality. Configure signal transmission characteristics: According to the actual application of the vehicle communication protocol, set the transmission characteristics of the link, such as data rate, modulation method, coding method, etc. Simulate environmental factors: Configure environmental data, such as vehicle speed, vehicle density, building interference, etc., which directly affect the quality of the communication link. Define link state changes: Provide the simulation platform with dynamic changes in the link, such as changes in signal strength, the influence of environmental factors, etc., and simulate the time-varying characteristics of the link by introducing different simulation scenarios.

[0050] The topology can be obtained through the actual layout, planning and model of the vehicle network. It includes the distance between vehicles, the signal transmission path between vehicles, wireless access points, etc. The topology is usually manifested as the connection between vehicles and the connection between vehicles and base stations. Environmental characteristics usually include different types of road scenes such as cities and highways, weather conditions, buildings and obstacles. Environmental characteristics can be set through data collection of actual road scenes or based on the environmental model provided by the simulation platform. Then set the scene data in the simulation platform, including setting the vehicle position and speed: according to the vehicle network topology, the initial position, driving direction, speed, acceleration, etc. of the vehicle are set in the simulation platform. Configure road conditions and environmental characteristics: according to environmental data, set different scene types, such as urban roads, highways, tunnels, etc. Each scene may affect the link quality, such as weak signals in tunnels or urban buildings affecting signal propagation. Scenario simulation: Use tools and interfaces in the simulation platform to set mobile scenes, obstacles, interference sources, weather and other factors, which will affect communication quality and performance. Read the AVC_LAN protocol and protocol requirements from the database, and configure the protocol stack in the simulation platform according to the requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol. Specifically, the protocol stack configuration can be performed: load the various protocol layers (such as data link layer, network layer, transport layer, etc.) of the AVC_LAN protocol stack in the simulation platform. Each layer of the protocol is responsible for different functions. For example, the network layer may be responsible for the routing of data packets, while the transport layer may be responsible for end-to-end error detection and recovery. Configure protocol layer parameters: set specific parameters in each protocol layer according to the protocol requirements. For example, set the port number, data transmission rate, etc. in the transport layer, and set the IP address, routing information, etc. in the network layer. Protocol implementation: The simulation platform usually provides predefined protocol stack modules, and you may also need to implement or modify them according to the AVC_LAN protocol standard. Once the above configuration is completed, the simulation platform will get a fully configured vehicle communication simulation platform.

[0051] In this solution, building a communication simulation platform can significantly improve R&D efficiency, optimize protocol and system performance, increase test coverage, and reduce the cost and risk of real-world testing.

[0052] On the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes a vehicle-mounted device connection model construction module, and the vehicle-mounted device connection model construction module is used to: Building an initial vehicle-mounted device connection model in the configured communication simulation platform, obtaining communication requirement data of each vehicle-mounted device, and determining role data of each vehicle-mounted device in the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model according to the communication requirement data; Obtain the data format specification of the AVC_LAN protocol, and set the data format of the initial vehicle device connection model according to the data format specification; The topological structure data of the communication between each vehicle-mounted device is obtained, and the communication path of each vehicle-mounted device in the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model is determined according to the topological structure data to obtain a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model.

[0053] In this solution, the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model can be a model used in the simulation platform to simulate the connection between vehicle-mounted devices (such as vehicles, sensors, communication units, etc.). These devices are interconnected through the network to form a communication network. This model preliminarily defines the connection relationship, communication protocol, and interaction method between devices.

[0054] The communication requirement data may be the communication capability or target required by each vehicle-mounted device, including data transmission rate, latency requirement, packet loss tolerance, bandwidth requirement, etc. It is usually set based on application requirements (such as autonomous driving, in-vehicle entertainment, etc.).

[0055] The role data may be the role or function of each vehicle device in the communication network in the initial vehicle device connection model. For example, one vehicle device may be an initiator (such as a vehicle sending data) and another may be a receiver (such as a vehicle or roadside unit receiving the transmitted data).

[0056] Data format specifications can be rules that define how to organize, represent, and transmit data, ensuring that data between different devices or systems can be correctly parsed and understood. In the AVC_LAN protocol, this involves how to structure messages, frame formats, data fields, etc. in the protocol.

[0057] The data format can be the encoding method of the actual data in the protocol stack, which specifies the fields, order, type and length of the data. The data format is defined according to the data format specification.

[0058] Topology data can be data that describes the connection relationship between devices in the vehicle network. This data includes the communication links between devices, network topology (such as star, ring, mesh, etc.) and the connection method of each device (such as wired, wireless).

[0059] The communication path can refer to the network link or route that data passes through from one device to another in the vehicle network. It not only includes the physical path (such as wireless signals or wired connections), but may also involve routing selection at the network layer.

[0060] Configured vehicle communication links, topologies, and protocol stacks can be loaded into the simulation platform. Select the appropriate vehicle device connection model in the platform. For example, select device connections based on communication requirements (such as vehicle-to-vehicle communication, vehicle-to-roadside unit communication, etc.). Create and initialize all vehicle devices, such as vehicles, roadside units, sensors, etc., and assign a unique identifier (ID) to each device. Define preliminary communication links based on the connection requirements, location, and role of the devices. For example, some devices may be connected via Wi-Fi, while others are connected via LTE or V2X protocols. The communication requirements of each vehicle device are usually derived from actual vehicle application scenarios. For example, an autonomous driving system requires low latency and high bandwidth, while a vehicle entertainment system may mainly require higher bandwidth and is less sensitive to lower latency. Then classify and quantify the communication requirements of each vehicle device. For example, set the data transmission rate, latency requirements, packet loss tolerance, etc. for each device. Determine the role based on the communication requirements and the function of the device. Role data may include: Initiator: Need to send data (such as sensors or cameras in the vehicle). Receiver: Receive data from other devices (such as receiving vehicle speed or positioning information). Repeater or transponder: forwards data between vehicles or between vehicles and roadside facilities. Manager or coordinator: responsible for managing communications, scheduling bandwidth, etc. (such as vehicle-mounted communication servers). Then obtain the standard documents or specifications of the AVC_LAN protocol to understand how the protocol defines the encoding, encapsulation, and unpacking of data. Usually the protocol specifications include how to process video data streams, audio streams, control commands, etc. In the simulation platform, configure the protocol stack of the AVC_LAN protocol according to these specifications to ensure that the device can send and receive data according to the specifications. In the simulation platform, define the data format of the initial device connection model according to the data format specification of the AVC_LAN protocol. Mainly include: Frame structure: determine the minimum unit of data transmission and set the data field (such as timestamp, ID, data type, data content, etc.). Encoding method: determine the standard of data encoding to ensure correct decoding between different devices. Error checking: set the error checking mechanism of the data packet to ensure the integrity and reliability of data transmission. Usually in the vehicle network, the communication topology between devices includes the connection method (wired or wireless) and location relationship of the devices (communication path between the vehicle and the roadside unit, or communication path between vehicles). This data usually comes from the physical layout or network planning of the vehicle network. In the simulation platform, the topology between devices is created based on the physical location, connection method and communication requirements of the devices. The topology may be star, ring, mesh, etc. Then, based on the topology data, the communication path between devices is determined. The communication path is the path for data to be transmitted from one device to another, which may include multiple relay points or through different links. Based on the role, requirements and topology of the vehicle devices, the bandwidth, delay and possible packet loss rate of each path are calculated.Based on the communication demand data, determine the optimal communication path to ensure that data can be reliably transmitted while meeting latency and bandwidth requirements. In the initial vehicle device connection model, integrate the device role, communication requirements, protocol data format, and topology data to obtain a complete vehicle device connection model. Then run preliminary verification tests in the simulation platform to ensure that the devices in the model can communicate as expected and meet performance requirements. If problems are found (such as excessive latency, insufficient bandwidth, etc.), adjust the device role, communication path, or protocol stack configuration according to the simulation results for optimization. Finally, a complete vehicle device connection model can be established in the communication simulation platform.

[0061] In this solution, by building a complete vehicle-mounted equipment connection model, it can bring significant advantages in compatibility, reliability, security, testing efficiency and future scalability, making the vehicle-mounted communication system more efficient, stable and secure, while reducing development costs.

[0062] Based on the above technical solution, an optional, preset communication delay calculation formula is: ; in, is the total communication delay; is the communication data packet size; is the communication link bandwidth; is the communication link distance; is the signal propagation speed; is a preset signal attenuation function; Delay data for packet loss.

[0063] In this solution, the preset signal attenuation function represents the degree of signal attenuation during transmission. Signal attenuation varies according to environmental factors (such as obstacles, buildings, etc.).

[0064] The steps for determining the preset signal attenuation function are as follows: A suitable basic path loss model, such as a free space path loss model or a logarithmic path loss model in an urban environment, needs to be selected to describe how the signal attenuates with distance in the absence of obstacles. Then, considering that obstacles in the environment (such as buildings, vehicles, etc.) will cause additional attenuation to the signal, each obstacle will be assigned an attenuation factor based on its type (such as brick walls, glass windows, reinforced concrete walls, etc.) and its size, location and other characteristics. This attenuation factor determines the degree of signal loss when passing through the obstacle. Combining these effects, the signal attenuation function can be expressed as the sum of the basic path loss and the obstacle attenuation. The attenuation effect of the obstacle will be weighted according to the type and location of the obstacle. Specifically, the effect of each obstacle can be obtained by multiplying an attenuation factor by the distance of signal propagation, and then the attenuation contribution of all obstacles is accumulated. The resulting signal attenuation function can more accurately describe the actual situation of signal propagation in a complex environment. Specifically, the form of the preset signal attenuation function can be: ; in, is the basic path loss function; is the attenuation factor of the ith obstacle; is the degree of influence of the ith obstacle on the signal. When applying, the distance d between each communication node should be collected, usually obtained through measurement, and the distance d should be substituted into the basic path loss calculated based on the propagation model. Get the attenuation factor for each obstacle type , which can be obtained through environmental data and standardized information. The path length of the signal passing through each obstacle is usually determined by geometric calculation or path analysis. Then substitute the above data into the formula for calculation.

[0065] Embodiment 2 Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in the second embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, specifically including the following: The system further includes a digital twin model building module 104, wherein the digital twin model building module is used to: Acquire AVC_LAN network protocol data, device data packet formats of various on-board devices, and network topology between various on-board devices, and determine data frame interaction logic between various on-board devices based on the AVC_LAN network protocol data; Determine the data transmission behavior of each on-board device according to the device data packet format of each on-board device; Construct the communication topology between vehicle-mounted devices according to the network topology between each vehicle-mounted device; The vehicle-mounted device layer of the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the data frame interaction logic between each vehicle-mounted device, the data transmission behavior of each vehicle-mounted device, and the communication topology between vehicle-mounted devices; Obtain vehicle member information, historical operation data, and historical equipment communication load data of each vehicle in the fleet, establish the communication topology and traffic model between the vehicles in the fleet based on the historical operation data and historical equipment communication load data, and simulate the communication traffic changes of the fleet under different driving conditions to obtain communication traffic change data; Simulate the dynamic joining / leaving of each vehicle in the fleet based on vehicle member information and historical operation data to obtain vehicle joining / leaving event data; The fleet layer of the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the communication topology, traffic model, communication traffic change data and event data, and the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the fleet layer and the on-board equipment layer.

[0066] In this embodiment, the AVC_LAN network protocol data may refer to the data format, information content and transmission rules involved in data transmission using the AVC_LAN protocol in the vehicle network communication system.

[0067] The data packet format of the vehicle-mounted device describes the specific structure of data transmitted between devices, including the packet header, payload part, checksum, etc.

[0068] The network topology between the in-vehicle devices describes how the devices are interconnected and communicated. For example, the devices are connected point-to-point, star-shaped, bus-shaped, etc.

[0069] The data frame interaction logic may be the specific rules for how data frames are exchanged between devices in the vehicle network, including the data sending, receiving order, retransmission mechanism, etc.

[0070] Data transmission behavior can be the specific way and timing of sending and receiving data by vehicle-mounted devices. It includes how to schedule data, how to control the transmission rate, how to manage traffic, etc.

[0071] Communication topology refers to the overall structure of how vehicle-mounted devices are connected and communicated, which is usually designed based on network topology (such as star, tree, mesh, etc.).

[0072] The vehicle-mounted device layer of the fleet communication digital twin model can refer to the part that models each vehicle-mounted device in the digital twin model. It includes the communication capabilities, data transmission behavior, protocol stack, etc. of the device.

[0073] The vehicle member information may be the basic information of each vehicle in the fleet (such as vehicle type, ID, etc.).

[0074] The historical operation data may be historical operation status data of the vehicle (such as speed, position, fuel consumption, etc.).

[0075] The historical device communication load data may be communication load historical data of the vehicle device (such as bandwidth usage, data transmission delay, etc.).

[0076] The communication topology can be the connection structure between vehicles and devices in the fleet (such as point-to-point, star, etc.).

[0077] The traffic model can be a model that describes the data flow between different vehicles in a fleet, including traffic sources, traffic types, bandwidth requirements, etc.

[0078] The communication flow change data may refer to the change of the communication flow of the fleet under different environments and driving conditions, including the flow change under different weather, traffic conditions, speed and other conditions.

[0079] Vehicle joining / leaving event data can record the events of vehicles joining or leaving the fleet. These events may be affected by various factors such as traffic conditions and vehicle failures.

[0080] The fleet layer of the fleet communication digital twin model can refer to the part that models the communication system of the entire fleet in the digital twin model. It includes vehicle members, inter-vehicle communication topology, traffic model, etc.

[0081] The fleet communication digital twin model can refer to a virtual simulation environment created by modeling the fleet and its equipment, vehicles, communication topology, etc. It can simulate the communication status, traffic changes, vehicle dynamics, etc. of the fleet in real time.

[0082] The AVC_LAN network protocol data can be obtained through the AVC_LAN protocol specification document or the protocol manual provided by the manufacturer. Each vehicle-mounted device (such as ECU, sensor, camera, etc.) defines the format of the data packet according to the AVC_LAN protocol. The detailed information of the data packet format can be obtained from the vehicle-mounted device manufacturer. The vehicle network topology is usually obtained through system design or from the communication protocol of the vehicle-mounted device. This can be obtained through the device installation diagram, communication planning document, or network protocol configuration file. The topology may be star, bus, or ring, and is usually determined based on the communication method between vehicle-mounted devices. By looking at the data exchange process of the AVC_LAN protocol, define the data interaction logic between each device to ensure that each device communicates in the correct order and timing. By defining the sending frequency, priority, error recovery mechanism, etc. of the data packet, the data transmission behavior of each device is clarified. For the data transmission protocol between devices (such as flow control, congestion control, error checking, etc.), the relevant rules need to be obtained from the AVC_LAN protocol. According to the network topology and the data transmission behavior of the device, the communication path between the devices is established. For example: point-to-point communication: such as communication between sensors and vehicle-mounted computers. Broadcast communication: such as some sensors broadcast data to multiple receiving devices. Many-to-many communication: For example, multiple vehicles exchange traffic information. Specifically, network modeling tools (such as network simulators, simulation platforms) or manually configure communication links to build communication topology. Then, the vehicle-mounted device layer of the fleet communication digital twin model is established by combining data frame interaction logic, data transmission behavior, and communication topology. In this layer, each vehicle-mounted device (such as ECU, sensor, camera, etc.) is virtualized to simulate their behavior and communication process in the fleet.

[0083] The basic information of the vehicles in the fleet is obtained through the fleet management system (such as the fleet dispatch platform, vehicle management system, etc.), including the license plate number, vehicle model, driver information, vehicle status (such as in operation, out of service, etc.) of each vehicle. Each vehicle in the fleet may be equipped with a GPS device to record the vehicle's location, speed, driving trajectory and other data in real time. Some on-board sensors (such as tire pressure, fuel level, engine status) provide data related to the vehicle status. The above information is then combined into vehicle member information. The historical driving data of each vehicle can be obtained through on-board devices (such as on-board computers, GPS, driving recorders, etc.), usually including driving time, driving route, speed, traffic conditions, road type, environmental factors, etc. The communication equipment on each vehicle (such as on-board communication modules, on-board Wi-Fi, and inter-vehicle communication modules) will generate load logs. These logs record the communication traffic, connection status, bandwidth usage, etc. of the device. According to the location information of each vehicle in the fleet, the communication protocol between devices, the distance and relative position between vehicles, the communication topology between vehicles is constructed, specifically, the distance between vehicles is calculated based on the GPS data of the vehicles. Vehicles that are close to each other can usually communicate directly. Based on the communication protocol (such as V2X, vehicle-mounted Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.) and signal coverage (signal attenuation, obstacle influence, etc.), determine which vehicles can communicate directly and which vehicles need to communicate through relay equipment. Then, based on the historical communication load data of each vehicle, establish a traffic model for fleet communication. Specifically, the data flow of each vehicle can be modeled based on historical data (such as data transmission volume per hour). The number of vehicles in the fleet, driving speed, and driving path will affect the communication flow. Traffic models (such as traffic load distribution model, bandwidth distribution model, etc.) can be used to describe these changes. Then use simulation tools (such as NS3, OMNeT++) to simulate the changes in the communication flow of the fleet under different traffic conditions. Specifically, the input parameters include road conditions (such as urban roads, highways), fleet density, vehicle speed, etc. According to the output of the simulation tool, the communication flow, delay, packet loss rate and other data under different conditions are obtained. Through simulation, the change trend of communication flow under different conditions can be obtained, which can include the flow change caused by the change in the number of vehicles; the impact of changes in traffic conditions on communication load; and the impact of changes in network topology. According to the fleet member information, simulate the joining and leaving of vehicles in the fleet at different times. Some patterns can be inferred based on historical data. For example, some vehicles may exit the fleet due to failure, scheduling, or other reasons, or join the fleet at specific time points (such as morning rush hour or evening rush hour). Record the time point when each vehicle joins or leaves and its impact on the fleet communication topology. Specifically, the communication topology and traffic model need to be re-evaluated when a vehicle joins. When a vehicle leaves, the fleet's communication resources and traffic allocation need to be updated. Generate dynamic join / leave events through historical driving data, scheduling data, or preset conditions (such as the fleet's operating mode, the vehicle's operating plan, etc.).The fleet-level model focuses on the communication behavior and resource management of the entire fleet. It includes communication topology: defining the communication connections between all vehicles and devices in the fleet. Traffic model: modeling the distribution of the overall traffic of the fleet, bandwidth usage, latency, network quality, etc. Dynamic changes: updating the fleet-level model in real time according to changes in fleet members, communication load changes, event data, etc. Integrate all information at the fleet level and on-board equipment level to form a complete digital twin model. The model will include the communication topology, data traffic, load distribution, event handling mechanism, etc. of the fleet. Simulation and emulation can be used to analyze the communication performance of the fleet, optimize resource allocation, and predict potential communication bottlenecks.

[0084] In this embodiment, establishing a fleet communication digital twin model can not only optimize fleet communication efficiency, improve safety and flexibility, but also provide strong support for fleet management, intelligent decision-making and long-term resource planning.

[0085] On the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes a fleet simulation module, and the fleet simulation module is used to: The real-time vehicle data, real-time equipment communication load data and real-time vehicle interaction data of each vehicle in the fleet are obtained, and the real-time vehicle data, real-time equipment communication load data and real-time vehicle interaction data are input into the fleet communication digital twin model to obtain the vehicle status output data, communication traffic and topology output data of each vehicle in the fleet and the real-time optimization simulation data of the fleet.

[0086] In this solution, real-time vehicle data can refer to dynamic data that is continuously collected and updated during the operation of the vehicle, including vehicle positioning information (GPS data), vehicle speed, fuel consumption, battery status, vehicle health status, driver behavior, sensor data (such as temperature, humidity, air quality, etc.), and the real-time status of the vehicle (such as whether it is started or stopped, driving status, acceleration / deceleration, etc.).

[0087] Real-time device communication load data may refer to the data transmission load between vehicle-mounted devices, including the data exchange frequency, amount of data transmitted, bandwidth usage, transmission delay, data packet loss rate, etc. between vehicle-mounted devices.

[0088] Real-time vehicle interaction data can refer to the real-time interaction information between vehicles in a fleet. This includes the distance, speed, traffic flow, communication information exchange, etc. between vehicles. This data is usually related to the communication and collaboration of on-board equipment and is used to support the coordination and collective action of vehicles in the fleet.

[0089] The vehicle status output data can be a comprehensive information output of vehicle health, location, speed, status, etc. obtained from the fleet communication digital twin model. It shows the current status of each vehicle, such as whether it is in normal operation, whether there is a fault, whether it is in parking or running mode, etc.

[0090] The communication traffic and topology output data can refer to the communication traffic distribution between each vehicle in the fleet and its on-board equipment and the visualization output of the communication network topology. This includes the communication load, bandwidth usage, latency of each vehicle, as well as the connection relationship and transmission path between on-board equipment.

[0091] The fleet real-time optimization simulation data can be the real-time simulation calculation results through the fleet communication digital twin model, which is mainly used to optimize the fleet's operational decisions, including the fleet's dispatch strategy, vehicle route optimization, communication flow optimization, etc.

[0092] The data sources of real-time vehicle data are: vehicle-mounted CAN bus (obtaining vehicle speed, fuel consumption, battery power, engine status, etc.), GPS module (obtaining location, speed, driving trajectory), IMU inertial sensor (obtaining acceleration, angular velocity, direction), vehicle health monitoring system (obtaining fault codes, diagnostic information), and Internet of Vehicles platform (obtaining driver behavior and historical driving data). The data sources of real-time device communication load data are the vehicle-mounted AVC_LAN network protocol (obtaining data exchange between devices), the data transmission rate and bandwidth occupancy recorded by the vehicle-mounted ECU (Electronic Control Unit), and the vehicle-mounted communication module (obtaining data packet size, communication frequency, packet loss rate, delay, etc.). The data sources of real-time vehicle interaction data are V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) communication protocols (such as IEEE 802.11p, C-V2X), vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) platforms (such as traffic light interaction, road sensors), and fleet management systems (vehicle-to-vehicle collaboration information recorded in the dispatching system). The core of the fleet communication digital twin model is to analyze real-time data to generate vehicle status, communication traffic, topology and optimization suggestions. First, remove abnormal data, such as lost data packets or incomplete sensor readings, time align data from different sources to ensure data consistency, and convert data of different protocols and formats into a unified data structure. Then the vehicle-mounted device layer parses the data frame, identifies the communication frequency and data exchange volume of each vehicle-mounted device, identifies the data transmission path and communication behavior of each device, and establishes a communication load model. Calculate the bandwidth utilization rate, average latency, packet loss rate, and retransmission rate of each vehicle-mounted device. Evaluate the communication bottleneck between vehicle-mounted devices and identify possible congestion or high-load devices. The fleet layer draws a vehicle communication topology diagram based on vehicle-to-vehicle communication data (V2V, V2I) and calculates the communication link status, throughput, and reliability of each vehicle. Simulate communication traffic changes under different driving conditions (highway, city, mountainous area, tunnel), predict future traffic peaks, and optimize network resource scheduling. Monitor the events of new vehicles entering or leaving the fleet, evaluate their impact on the communication topology, and dynamically adjust the communication strategy to adapt to changes.

[0093] After the above analysis, the fleet communication digital twin model will generate the following three types of key output data: Vehicle status output data: The health status of each vehicle (such as power system status, battery power, engine failure, etc.). Vehicle operating status (such as driving speed, direction, acceleration, braking status). Predicted failures or anomalies (such as impending equipment failure, unsafe driver behavior).

[0094] Communication traffic and topology output data: Fleet communication topology diagram (connection relationship between vehicles and on-board devices). Real-time data traffic and network congestion between on-board devices. Performance indicators of key communication links (such as throughput, packet loss rate, and latency).

[0095] Real-time fleet optimization simulation data: Vehicle scheduling optimization: Optimize the fleet scheduling plan based on vehicle health status and communication traffic prediction. Network optimization suggestions: Provide dynamic network configuration suggestions (such as adjusting communication bandwidth and optimizing data routing). V2V / V2I strategy adjustment: Predict future driving status through simulation and optimize the information exchange mechanism between vehicles in the fleet.

[0096] In this solution, through the simulation capabilities of the fleet communication digital twin model, it is possible to simulate communication traffic changes under different working conditions, dynamic vehicle joining / leaving, network topology adjustment, etc. in a virtual environment, predict potential communication bottlenecks and failure risks, and optimize the fleet communication strategy in advance.

[0097] On the basis of the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes an optimization suggestion output module, and the optimization suggestion output module is used to: Generate fleet behavior optimization suggestions based on the vehicle status output data, communication traffic and topology output data of each vehicle in the fleet, and the fleet real-time optimization simulation data.

[0098] In this solution, fleet behavior optimization suggestions can be optimization solutions for fleet operation, scheduling, communication, energy consumption management, etc. based on vehicle status output data, communication traffic and topology output data, and real-time fleet optimization simulation data. Specifically, it includes vehicle scheduling optimization: adjusting task allocation according to vehicle status (such as power, load, and location) to improve operational efficiency. Communication traffic optimization: adjusting data transmission strategies based on communication load data to reduce delays and congestion. Network topology adjustment: optimizing communication paths between nodes based on communication topology data to improve data transmission stability. Energy consumption optimization: using simulation data to predict energy consumption patterns, optimizing acceleration, braking, and cruising strategies, and reducing energy consumption. Anomaly detection and fault warning: based on vehicle status data, identifying abnormal behaviors and taking measures in advance to reduce failure rates.

[0099] Data analysis algorithms and machine learning models can be used to identify patterns and potential optimization points. Specifically, cluster analysis can be performed: vehicles can be classified by status, load, communication requirements, etc., to identify high-load areas or abnormal conditions. Time series analysis: predict future changes in communication traffic, energy consumption trends, and changes in vehicle operating status. Anomaly detection: based on vehicle status data, identify abnormal conditions that may cause communication interruptions and vehicle failures. Simulation data comparison: analyze the difference between simulation optimization results and the current actual operating status to find out which parts can be optimized. Then, based on the analysis results, formulate targeted fleet optimization strategies, including vehicle scheduling optimization: optimize vehicle task allocation through task allocation algorithms to avoid resource waste. Adjust the fleet formation so that low-power / high-load vehicles can appropriately exit key tasks and reduce the risk of failure. Dynamically adjust the driving route, combined with traffic flow prediction, reduce congestion, and improve the overall efficiency of the fleet.

[0100] Communication traffic optimization: Based on communication load prediction, adjust data transmission priority during high-traffic periods to reduce latency. Use edge computing to reduce unnecessary data transmission and optimize network resource utilization. Use adaptive communication strategies to adjust the communication frequency between different nodes to reduce interference.

[0101] Network topology adjustment: Identify key nodes, optimize routing strategies, and improve data transmission stability. Add relay nodes in communication bottleneck areas to improve overall network coverage. Optimize the integration of V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle communication) and V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure communication) through simulation analysis to reduce unnecessary transfers.

[0102] Energy consumption optimization: Combine historical data and simulation predictions to optimize acceleration / braking strategies and reduce energy consumption. Use intelligent cruise algorithms to optimize the distance between vehicles in the fleet, reduce wind resistance, and improve fuel or power efficiency. Predict the charging needs of low-power vehicles and arrange charging or battery replacement strategies in advance.

[0103] Abnormal detection and fault warning: Based on the vehicle status output data, potential faults (such as battery health degradation and sensor failure) are detected in advance. The status of key components (such as brake system and steering system) is monitored in real time to trigger the early warning mechanism. Environmental factors that may cause communication failures (such as high interference areas) are predicted to adjust the communication strategy in advance. The above data are combined to obtain optimization suggestions for fleet behavior.

[0104] In this solution, by generating fleet behavior optimization suggestions based on vehicle status, communication traffic and topology data and simulation results, it is possible to adjust vehicle scheduling in real time, optimize communication strategies, improve network stability, reduce energy consumption, and provide early warning of potential failures. This setting not only improves fleet operation efficiency and resource utilization, but also enhances communication stability and security, enabling the fleet to adapt to different operating environments more intelligently, reduce delays and abnormal situations, and improve the reliability and economy of overall operations.

[0105] Embodiment 3 Figure 3 1 is a flow chart of a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in the third embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the specific steps include: S301, obtaining the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, inputting the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data into a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model, and obtaining the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; S302, calculating the total communication delay between the vehicle-mounted devices according to the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula; S303, obtaining the actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device, inputting the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device into the configured communication simulation platform, and obtaining the communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

[0106] An embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol, which corresponds to the system provided in the above-mentioned embodiments and has a corresponding execution process and beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

[0107] Embodiment 4 like Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 400, including a processor 401, a memory 402, and a program or instruction stored in the memory 402 and executable on the processor 401. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor 401, each process of the above-mentioned embodiment of the vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation system method based on the AVC_LAN protocol is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0108] It should be noted that the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application include the mobile electronic devices and non-mobile electronic devices mentioned above.

[0109] Embodiment 5 An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, each process of the above-mentioned cable installation process based on the tension adaptive control system embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0110] The processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0111] It should be noted that, in this article, the term "comprises", "includes" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the method and system in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0112] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0113] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

[0114] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles used. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art will not deviate from the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, although the present application is described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol, characterized in that: The system comprises: The data acquisition module is used to obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, and input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data into the complete vehicle-mounted device connection model to obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; A communication delay calculation module, used to calculate the total communication delay between each vehicle-mounted device according to the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data and a preset communication delay calculation formula; The communication simulation and optimization module is used to obtain the actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device, and input the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

2. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further includes a communication simulation platform building module, and the communication simulation platform building module is used to: Acquire the initial communication simulation platform and the vehicle communication link data, and set the communication link configuration on the initial communication simulation platform according to the vehicle communication link data; Obtain the topological structure and environmental characteristics of the vehicle network, and set the scenario data in the initial communication simulation platform according to the topological structure and environmental characteristics; The AVC_LAN protocol and the protocol requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol are obtained, and the protocol stack of the AVC_LAN protocol is configured in the initial communication simulation platform according to the protocol requirements to obtain a configured communication simulation platform.

3. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further includes a vehicle-mounted device connection model construction module, and the vehicle-mounted device connection model construction module is used to: Building an initial vehicle-mounted device connection model in the configured communication simulation platform, obtaining communication requirement data of each vehicle-mounted device, and determining role data of each vehicle-mounted device in the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model according to the communication requirement data; Obtain the data format specification of the AVC_LAN protocol, and set the data format of the initial vehicle device connection model according to the data format specification; The topological structure data of the communication between each vehicle-mounted device is obtained, and the communication path of each vehicle-mounted device in the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model is determined according to the topological structure data to obtain a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model.

4. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset communication delay calculation formula is: ； in, is the total communication delay; is the communication data packet size; is the communication link bandwidth; is the communication link distance; is the signal propagation speed; is a preset signal attenuation function; Delay data for packet loss.

5. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further includes a digital twin model building module, wherein the digital twin model building module is used to: Acquire AVC_LAN network protocol data, device data packet formats of various on-board devices, and network topology between various on-board devices, and determine data frame interaction logic between various on-board devices based on the AVC_LAN network protocol data; Determine the data transmission behavior of each on-board device according to the device data packet format of each on-board device; Construct the communication topology between vehicle-mounted devices according to the network topology between each vehicle-mounted device; The vehicle-mounted device layer of the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the data frame interaction logic between each vehicle-mounted device, the data transmission behavior of each vehicle-mounted device, and the communication topology between vehicle-mounted devices; Obtain vehicle member information, historical operation data, and historical equipment communication load data of each vehicle in the fleet, establish the communication topology and traffic model between the vehicles in the fleet based on the historical operation data and historical equipment communication load data, and simulate the communication traffic changes of the fleet under different driving conditions to obtain communication traffic change data; Simulate the dynamic joining / leaving of each vehicle in the fleet based on vehicle member information and historical operation data to obtain vehicle joining / leaving event data; The fleet layer of the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the communication topology, traffic model, communication traffic change data and event data, and the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the fleet layer and the on-board equipment layer.

6. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system further includes a fleet simulation module, wherein the fleet simulation module is used to: The real-time vehicle data, real-time equipment communication load data and real-time vehicle interaction data of each vehicle in the fleet are obtained, and the real-time vehicle data, real-time equipment communication load data and real-time vehicle interaction data are input into the fleet communication digital twin model to obtain the vehicle status output data, communication traffic and topology output data of each vehicle in the fleet and the real-time optimization simulation data of the fleet.

7. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The system further includes an optimization suggestion output module, which is used to: Generate fleet behavior optimization suggestions based on the vehicle status output data, communication traffic and topology output data of each vehicle in the fleet, and the fleet real-time optimization simulation data.

8. A vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data into a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model, and obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; Calculate the total communication delay between the vehicle-mounted devices based on the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula; The actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device is obtained, and the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device are input into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol as described in claim 8 are implemented.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a program or an instruction, and when the program or the instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol as claimed in claim 8 are implemented.

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