Equipment networking method and device based on CV2X PC5 communication technology

Abstract

The invention relates to an equipment networking method and device based on a CV2X PC5 communication technology, and belongs to the technical field of communication, and the method comprises the steps: building a communication link with neighbor equipment based on a neighbor equipment list; constructing a routing table based on the target information of the communication link; determining an optimal forwarding path with the target device based on the routing table; and forwarding the data to the target device based on the optimal forwarding path. According to the equipment networking method based on the CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the invention, the CV2X PC5 communication technology and the MESH networking technology are deeply fused, and the multi-hop transmission characteristic of MESH networking is utilized, so that intelligent equipment can carry out data forwarding through a plurality of intermediate nodes, the communication coverage range is improved, the intelligent equipment can efficiently establish and maintain a communication network, and the communication efficiency is improved. And reliable transmission of data between devices is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a device networking method and apparatus based on CV2X PC5 communication technology. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent transportation, the Internet of Things and other fields, more and more intelligent devices (such as intelligent vehicles, intelligent roadside units, etc.) are widely used in various scenarios. These intelligent devices need to communicate efficiently and reliably to achieve information sharing and collaborative work to improve the safety, efficiency and intelligence level of the transportation system. As a communication technology specially designed for applications such as the Internet of Vehicles, CV2X PC5 communication technology has the advantages of direct device-to-device communication and low latency, so it has received widespread attention and application. However, in actual applications, in order to meet the needs of more complex scenarios, its performance and functions need to be further improved.

[0003] CV2X PC5 communication technology allows smart devices to communicate directly without relying on base stations, and can achieve low latency and high data transmission rates, making it very suitable for application scenarios such as vehicle-road information exchange and vehicle-to-vehicle information exchange. However, in actual environments, its signal propagation is easily interfered by factors such as terrain, buildings, and other wireless signals, resulting in unstable communication coverage and quality. At present, although there are already some applications based on CV2X PC5 communication, applications in large-scale networking and complex environments still face many challenges, such as how to improve the stability of communication coverage, enhance communication reliability, and optimize the network's self-organization and self-healing capabilities.

[0004] MESH networking technology, with its self-organization, multi-hop transmission and self-healing features, provides a possibility to solve the communication problems of smart devices. Through the mutual cooperation between multiple smart devices, a distributed network structure is formed, which can expand the communication coverage and improve the reliability and flexibility of the network.

[0005] Existing communication solutions mainly include traditional base station-based communication solutions and simple PC5 direct connection communication solutions. In traditional base station-based communication solutions, smart devices communicate with base stations to achieve data transmission. As a central node, the base station is responsible for receiving and forwarding data from smart devices. In some urban areas or along highways, communication base stations are widely deployed, and smart vehicles and other devices communicate with other devices or background systems by connecting to base stations. For example, vehicles upload their own location, speed and other information to the traffic management center through base stations, and receive traffic instructions and road condition information from the management center. Due to the limited coverage of base stations, in remote areas, mountainous areas and other places where base station signal coverage is weak, smart devices may not be able to maintain a stable communication connection with the base station, resulting in communication interruption or quality degradation. Data needs to be forwarded through the base station, which increases the transmission path and processing links, resulting in relatively high communication delays.

[0006] A simple PC5 direct communication solution allows smart devices to communicate one-to-one directly through CV2X PC5 communication technology without going through intermediate nodes. In some relatively simple scenarios, such as internal communication within a small fleet or communication between devices in a specific area, this method can achieve direct data transmission. The range of PC5 direct communication is relatively small. When the distance between smart devices exceeds a certain limit, the signal strength will drop rapidly and the communication quality is difficult to guarantee. When the communication link fails, such as equipment failure or signal interference, the simple PC5 direct communication solution is difficult to quickly and automatically restore communication, and manual intervention or manual re-establishment of the connection is required, which will cause inconvenience and delay in actual applications. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a device networking method and apparatus based on CV2X PC5 communication technology to solve the problem of how to improve the coverage and reliability of existing communication solutions.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology, comprising: Based on the neighbor device list, establish a communication link with the neighbor device; Based on the target information of the communication link, a routing table is constructed; the routing table includes the ID of the target device, the ID of the next hop device, the link quality and the number of hops; Based on the routing table, determining an optimal forwarding path to the target device; Based on the optimal forwarding path, the data is forwarded to the target device.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, before establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list, the method further includes: Send a detection message to the neighboring device through the PC5 communication interface; the detection message contains the device ID, communication capability parameters and device status information; Receiving a first confirmation message sent by the neighbor device; the first confirmation message is sent based on the detection message; Based on the first confirmation message, the neighbor list is determined.

[0010] In a possible implementation, establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list includes: Sending a link establishment request message to the neighbor device; Receiving a second confirmation message sent by the neighbor device; the second confirmation message is sent based on the link establishment request message; Based on the second confirmation message, the communication link is established.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, after establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list, the method further includes: Sending or receiving heartbeat information to the neighbor device based on the communication link; Based on the heartbeat message, the quality of the communication link is monitored.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, after constructing the routing table based on the target information of the communication link, the method further includes: When new neighbor information is received or the link status changes, the routing table is updated.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, determining the optimal forwarding path to the target device based on the routing table includes: The optimal forwarding path is determined based on the number of hops and / or the link quality.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: Performing fault detection on the communication link based on any one of a link state, a state message of a neighboring device, or a communication performance indicator; When a fault occurs on the communication link, the communication link is repaired based on the fault type.

[0015] The present invention also provides a device networking apparatus based on CV2X PC5 communication technology, comprising: An establishing module, used to establish a communication link with a neighbor device based on a neighbor device list; A construction module, configured to construct a routing table based on the target information of the communication link; the routing table includes an ID of a target device, an ID of a next-hop device, a link quality, and a hop count; A determination module, configured to determine an optimal forwarding path to the target device based on the routing table; A forwarding module is used to forward the data to the target device based on the optimal forwarding path.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein: The memory is used to store programs; The processor is coupled to the memory and is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology described in any of the above implementation methods.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the device networking method based on the CV2X PC5 communication technology described in any of the above-mentioned implementation methods is implemented.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the device networking method and apparatus based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention can establish a communication link with a neighbor device through a neighbor device list, thereby constructing a routing table according to the target information of the communication link, the routing table includes the ID of the target device, the ID of the next-hop device, the link quality and the number of hops, and determining the optimal forwarding path between the target device according to the routing table, thereby forwarding data to the target device according to the optimal forwarding path, by deeply integrating CV2X PC5 communication technology with MESH networking technology, and utilizing the multi-hop transmission characteristics of MESH networking, data can be forwarded between smart devices through multiple intermediate nodes, thereby improving the communication coverage, and smart devices can efficiently establish and maintain communication networks, and realize reliable transmission of data between devices. Even in areas where signals are blocked, data can be transmitted to the target device through multi-hop paths, ensuring that smart devices can maintain stable communication connections in various complex environments, and realizing the comprehensiveness of vehicle-road information communication and vehicle-to-vehicle information communication. For example, on mountain roads, vehicles or vehicles and roadside equipment can achieve long-distance communication through forwarding by other intermediate vehicles or roadside equipment, and timely obtain and transmit key data such as road condition information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A method flow chart of an embodiment of a device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a device networking system based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a device networking apparatus based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more than two. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" may mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0023] The descriptions of "first", "second", etc. involved in the embodiments of the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the technical features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0024] Figure 1 A method flow chart of an embodiment of a device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology includes: S101, establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on a neighbor device list; S102, constructing a routing table based on the target information of the communication link; the routing table includes the ID of the target device, the ID of the next hop device, the link quality and the number of hops; S103, determining an optimal forwarding path to the target device based on the routing table; S104: Forward the data to the target device based on the optimal forwarding path.

[0025] The executor of the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention can be any intelligent device with PC5 communication capability.

[0026] In S101, in the C-V2X (Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything) system, the smart device performs neighbor discovery through PC5 and obtains a neighbor device list, which contains the IDs and related information of all discovered neighbor devices. The smart device can establish a communication link with each neighbor device according to the neighbor device list.

[0027] In S102, the routing table is a table used by the smart device to store and query path information to other devices. The routing table includes fields such as the ID of the target device, the ID of the next-hop device, the link quality, and the number of hops. Among them, the ID of the target device can be a unique identifier of the target device. The ID of the next-hop device can be the ID of the next device to which the current device should send data when forwarding data to the target device. The link quality can reflect the quality of the communication link between the current device and the next-hop device. The number of hops is the number of devices (including the current device and the target device) that need to be passed from the current device to the target device.

[0028] Smart devices build an initial routing table by querying neighbor device lists and communication link information. As communication between devices and neighbor discovery continue, the routing table will be continuously updated and optimized.

[0029] In S103 , the smart device may use a path selection algorithm to determine an optimal forwarding path to reach the target device. The optimal forwarding path may be selected based on link quality, number of hops, or other optimization objectives (such as delay, bandwidth, etc.).

[0030] When the quality of the communication link changes (such as signal strength drop, link interruption, etc.) or the neighbor device list is updated, the smart device recalculates the optimal forwarding path and updates the routing table.

[0031] In S104, before forwarding the data to the target device, the smart device encapsulates the data into a specific data packet format and adds necessary header information (such as the target device ID, the next hop device ID, etc.).

[0032] The smart device sends the data packet to the next-hop device through the communication link according to the optimal forwarding path. After receiving the data packet, the next-hop device will repeat the above process until the data packet reaches the target device.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided in the embodiment of the present invention can establish a communication link with a neighbor device through a neighbor device list, thereby constructing a routing table according to the target information of the communication link. The routing table includes the ID of the target device, the ID of the next-hop device, the link quality and the number of hops, and determines the optimal forwarding path between the target device according to the routing table, so as to forward the data to the target device according to the optimal forwarding path. By deeply integrating CV2X PC5 communication technology with MESH networking technology and utilizing the multi-hop transmission characteristics of MESH networking, data can be forwarded between smart devices through multiple intermediate nodes, thereby improving the communication coverage. Smart devices can efficiently establish and maintain communication networks and realize reliable data transmission between devices. Even in areas where signals are blocked, data can be transmitted to the target device through multi-hop paths, ensuring that smart devices can maintain stable communication connections in various complex environments, and realizing the comprehensiveness of vehicle-road information communication and vehicle-to-vehicle information communication. For example, on mountain roads, vehicles or vehicles and roadside devices can achieve long-distance communication through forwarding by other intermediate vehicles or roadside devices, and timely obtain and transmit key data such as road condition information.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, before establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list, the method further includes: Send a detection message to the neighboring device through the PC5 communication interface; the detection message contains the device ID, communication capability parameters and device status information; Receiving a first confirmation message sent by the neighbor device; the first confirmation message is sent based on the detection message; Based on the first confirmation message, the neighbor list is determined.

[0035] The smart device can periodically detect neighbor devices. The software module in the smart device sends neighbor detection messages through the PC5 communication interface according to a preset time period.

[0036] The detection message contains the unique identification of the device (such as logical identifiers such as device ID and MAC address), communication capability parameters (such as the maximum supported transmission rate, the receivable signal strength range, etc.), and some status information of the current device (such as whether it is in a mobile state, the remaining power, etc., which can be used for subsequent link establishment and routing decisions).

[0037] For example, a detection message may be sent every 5 seconds, and the message format is: [device ID: XXXX, communication capability: rate 10Mbps - 100Mbps, receivable signal strength: -80dBm to -60dBm, status: moving / stationary, battery level: 80%].

[0038] When other smart devices receive the detection message, they first parse and verify the legitimacy of the detection message. If the message format is correct and the sending device is within the communication range (based on the preset signal strength threshold, such as signal strength greater than -90dBm), they reply with a first confirmation message and record the device that sent the detection message as a neighbor device.

[0039] The first confirmation message contains relevant information about itself, such as device ID, communication capability, etc. The device that receives the confirmation message stores the information of the neighbor device in the local neighbor list, which includes fields such as the neighbor device ID, communication capability, last communication time, and estimated relative distance (which can be estimated based on parameters such as signal strength).

[0040] For example, after receiving the detection message from device A, device B replies with a confirmation message [device ID: YYYY, communication capability: rate 50Mbps - 150Mbps, receivable signal strength: -85dBm to -65dBm]. After receiving it, device A records the information of device B in the neighbor list.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list includes: Sending a link establishment request message to the neighbor device; Receiving a second confirmation message sent by the neighbor device; the second confirmation message is sent based on the link establishment request message; Based on the second confirmation message, the communication link is established.

[0042] When a device needs to establish a communication link with a neighbor device, it sends a link establishment request message to the target neighbor device.

[0043] The link establishment request message contains its own device information, communication requirements (such as the required data transmission rate, reliability requirements, etc.) and application-related information (for example, if the vehicle is used to transmit autonomous driving related data, the data priority and real-time requirements will be indicated).

[0044] For example, device C sends a link establishment request message to device D: [Device ID: ZZZZ, communication requirements: rate 80Mbps, reliability 99%, application information: key data for autonomous driving, high real-time performance].

[0045] After receiving the link establishment request, the target neighbor device evaluates its own resources, including the currently available bandwidth, processing capacity, and whether the requested communication reliability requirements are met.

[0046] If the resources are sufficient and can meet the request, it will reply with a link establishment confirmation message, that is, the second confirmation message. The second confirmation message contains the resource information allocated to the link (such as the allocated transmission rate, communication time slot, etc.) and some parameter settings of the link (such as confirmation mechanism, timeout, etc.).

[0047] For example, after evaluation, device D replies with a confirmation message: [Link confirmation: allocated rate 80 Mbps, communication time slot: [time interval 1 - time interval 2], confirmation mechanism: confirmation per packet, timeout: 100 ms].

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, after establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list, the method further includes: Sending or receiving heartbeat information to the neighbor device based on the communication link; Based on the heartbeat message, the quality of the communication link is monitored.

[0049] After the communication link is established, the two devices can monitor the link status by regularly sending and receiving heartbeat messages. If the heartbeat message of the other party is not received within a certain period of time or the error rate of data transmission exceeds the preset threshold (such as 5%), it is considered that there is a problem with the link.

[0050] When the link quality degrades or fails, the device will try to adjust the communication parameters, such as reducing the transmission rate to improve the stability of the signal, or renegotiate the link resource allocation. If normal communication cannot be restored after adjustment, the device will start the link repair mechanism and resend the link establishment request to the neighbor device or find other backup neighbor devices to establish a link.

[0051] For example, if the link error rate between device C and device D reaches 8%, device C first tries to reduce the transmission rate to 60Mbps. If the problem is still not solved, it resends the link establishment request to device D, or searches the neighbor list for other devices that meet the communication requirements and have better link quality (such as device E) and sends a link establishment request to them.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, after constructing the routing table based on the target information of the communication link, the method further includes: When new neighbor information is received or the link status changes, the routing table is updated.

[0053] Each smart device builds a local routing table based on neighbor discovery and link establishment information. The routing table contains information such as the target device ID, the next-hop device ID, the estimated link quality (which can be comprehensively evaluated based on parameters such as signal strength and historical data transmission success rate), and the number of hops.

[0054] When the device receives new neighbor information or the link status changes, it will update the routing table in time. For example, if it is found that the quality of a link on the original path to the target device has deteriorated, and a better path (fewer hops or better link quality) can be established through the newly discovered neighbor device, the relevant record in the routing table will be updated.

[0055] For example, the path from device A to device F in the initial routing table is: A -> B -> C -> F, the number of hops is 3, and the link quality evaluation is 80 (full score 100). When it is found that a new link has been established between device A and device D and the link quality from D to F is better, evaluated as 90, the routing table is updated to: A -> D -> F, the number of hops is 2.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, determining the optimal forwarding path to the target device based on the routing table includes: The optimal forwarding path is determined based on the number of hops and / or the link quality.

[0057] When a device has data to send to a target device that is not within direct communication range, it will query the local routing table and select the best forwarding path based on the information in the routing table. The forwarding path can be selected based on the shortest number of hops, the highest link quality, or a weighted algorithm that takes both into account.

[0058] For example, if a weighted algorithm is used, and the hop weight is 0.4 and the link quality weight is 0.6, for paths A ->B ->C and A ->D ->E ->C, the hop count of path A ->B ->C is 2, the link quality evaluation is 70, and the weighted value is 2×0.4 + 70×0.6 = 44.8; the hop count of path A ->D ->E ->C is 3, the link quality evaluation is 80, and the weighted value is 3×0.4 + 80×0.6 = 50.4, then path A ->D ->E ->C is selected for data forwarding.

[0059] The device sends the data to the next-hop device according to the selected forwarding path, and adds the target device ID and some forwarding-related information (such as the source device ID, data priority, number of hops, etc.) to the data packet header. After the next-hop device receives the data, it repeats the above steps until the data reaches the target device.

[0060] For example, if device A wants to send data to device F, it selects the path A -> D -> F according to the routing table. Device A sends the data to device D, and the data packet header contains [destination device ID: F, source device ID: A, priority: high, number of hops: 0]. After receiving the data, device D checks the packet header information and knows that the destination is device F. It continues to select the next hop for forwarding according to its own routing table. Assuming that the next hop is device F, it sends the data to device F, and the data packet header is updated to [destination device ID: F, source device ID: A, priority: high, number of hops: 1].

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, it further comprises: Performing fault detection on the communication link based on any one of a link state, a state message of a neighboring device, or a communication performance indicator; When a fault occurs on the communication link, the communication link is repaired based on the fault type.

[0062] Smart devices can detect network failures in a variety of ways. One is to continuously monitor the link status. As mentioned above, it can determine whether the link is normal through indicators such as heartbeat messages and data transmission error rate. The other is to monitor the status messages of neighboring devices. If a neighboring device does not send any messages for a long time or sends a special message indicating a failure, it is considered that the neighboring device may have a failure.

[0063] In addition, the device can also infer that there may be a fault in the network by monitoring its own communication performance indicators, such as a sudden and significant drop in the received signal strength, frequent communication interruptions, etc. For example, if the received signal strength of the device drops from -70dBm to -100dBm in a short period of time and lasts for a period of time, or if no confirmation message is received after sending data for multiple consecutive times, the fault detection process is started.

[0064] When a fault is detected, the device first attempts to repair it locally. For example, if it is a link parameter problem, such as a weakening signal strength, the device can try to adjust its own antenna direction, transmit power and other parameters to see if normal communication can be restored.

[0065] If local repair is ineffective, the device will search for backup neighbor devices in the neighbor list. It will select the most suitable backup neighbor device based on the status and link quality information of the neighbor devices recorded in the neighbor list and try to establish a new link with it. If the new link is successfully established, the device will update the routing table and switch data transmission to the new link.

[0066] For example, if the link between device A and device B fails, device A finds in the neighbor list that the link quality of device C is good and is currently idle, so it sends a link establishment request to device C. After the new link is established, it updates the relevant paths in the routing table that involve communication with device B, and changes the original path passing through device B to pass through device C.

[0067] If no suitable backup neighbor device is found, the device will enter a waiting state and continue to periodically search for available devices around it. Once a new communicable device is found, it will immediately try to establish a connection with it to restore network connectivity. At the same time, the device will report the fault information to other related devices (if possible) so that the entire network can adjust the communication strategy in time to avoid data loss or communication interruption causing serious impact on the system.

[0068] The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the self-organizing function of the intelligent device network, so that the intelligent device can automatically and quickly discover neighboring devices and establish communication links, and can adapt to the dynamic joining and leaving of devices without human intervention. When the network topology changes, such as the movement of vehicles during driving, the access of new devices, or the failure of existing devices to go offline, the network can automatically adjust the link and re-optimize the route to ensure the continuity of communication. At the same time, when a link fails, it has a strong self-healing ability, can quickly detect the fault and restore communication in a short time by automatically repairing the link, re-establishing the connection, or adjusting the data transmission path, so as to ensure the uninterrupted information interaction between intelligent devices. For example, when a vehicle enters or leaves a communication area while driving, the network can automatically adapt to this change, quickly establish or adjust the communication link, and ensure that the vehicle always maintains effective communication with other devices.

[0069] The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the embodiment of the present invention can expand the communication coverage by deeply integrating CV2X PC5 communication technology with MESH networking technology, and utilizing the multi-hop transmission characteristics of MESH networking, so that data can be forwarded between smart devices through multiple intermediate nodes, thereby breaking through the limitation of the direct transmission distance of PC5 communication and achieving a wider communication coverage. Even in areas where signals are blocked, such as mountainous areas or canyons of high-rise buildings in cities, data can be transmitted to the target device through a multi-hop path, ensuring that smart devices can maintain a stable communication connection in various complex environments, and realizing the comprehensiveness of vehicle-road information communication and vehicle-to-vehicle information communication. For example, on mountain roads, vehicles can communicate with each other or vehicles with roadside equipment through forwarding by other intermediate vehicles or roadside equipment, and timely obtain and transmit key data such as road condition information.

[0070] The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the embodiment of the present invention can improve communication reliability, design intelligent link establishment, maintenance and data forwarding mechanisms, and combine the low latency advantage of CV2X PC5 communication and the self-healing ability of MESH networking to reduce data loss, errors and transmission delays. When the communication link degrades or fails, it can automatically and quickly switch to the backup link or repair it to ensure the stability and reliability of data transmission. In scenarios with dense smart devices, such as traffic intersections, through effective resource allocation and conflict avoidance mechanisms, the success rate of data transmission is improved, the probability of signal conflicts is reduced, and the accurate transmission of key information between smart devices is guaranteed, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the traffic system. For example, at intersections with dense vehicles, vehicles can reliably transmit their driving status information to other vehicles and roadside equipment in a timely and accurate manner to avoid traffic accidents caused by communication failures.

[0071] The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the embodiment of the present invention can enhance the self-organization and self-healing capabilities of the data link, realize the self-organization function of the intelligent device network, enable the intelligent device to automatically and quickly discover neighboring devices and establish communication links, and adapt to the dynamic joining and leaving of devices without human intervention. When the network topology changes, such as the movement of the vehicle during driving, the access of new devices, or the failure of the original device to go offline, the network can automatically adjust the link and re-optimize the route to ensure the continuity of communication. At the same time, when a link fails, it has a strong self-healing ability, can quickly detect the fault and restore communication in a short time by automatically repairing the link, re-establishing the connection, or adjusting the data transmission path, so as to ensure the uninterrupted information interaction between intelligent devices. For example, when a vehicle enters or leaves a communication area during driving, the network can automatically adapt to this change, quickly establish or adjust the communication link, and ensure that the vehicle always maintains effective communication with other devices.

[0072] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a device networking system based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the device networking system based on CV2X PC5 communication technology includes: communication management module, neighbor discovery module, link establishment and maintenance module, data forwarding module, network self-healing module and control and coordination module.

[0073] The communication management module is responsible for interacting with the PC5 communication hardware interface to realize data transmission and reception. It encapsulates the transmitted data and adds necessary header information, such as source device ID, target device ID, data length, checksum, etc. It decapsulates the received data, extracts useful information and passes it to other modules for processing.

[0074] Manage the parameter settings of PC5 communication, such as communication frequency, transmission power, etc., and dynamically adjust according to the network environment and device status. For example, in areas with strong signal interference, automatically reduce the communication frequency or increase the transmission power to enhance communication quality.

[0075] It works with neighbor discovery module, link establishment and maintenance module, data forwarding module, etc. to provide communication support. For example, it sends link establishment message according to the request of link establishment module; it sends data to the specified device according to the instruction of data forwarding module.

[0076] The interface design of the communication management module is as follows: Send data interface: send_data(data, target_device_id), where data is the data to be sent and target_device_id is the ID of the target device. This interface encapsulates the data and sends it out through the PC5 communication interface.

[0077] Receive data interface: receive_data(), which receives data from the PC communication interface and returns the decapsulated data and source device ID.

[0078] Parameter setting interface: set_parameters(parameters), where parameters is a structure containing communication parameters, such as {frequency: XX, power: XX}, which is used to set parameters such as the frequency and transmission power of PC5 communication.

[0079] The neighbor discovery module is used to implement the core functions of the neighbor discovery mechanism, generate and send neighbor detection messages according to a predetermined period, parse and process the received neighbor detection messages, identify new neighbor devices and update the local neighbor list.

[0080] Calculate the relative distance and link quality assessment value to neighbor devices and store this information in the neighbor list. For example, estimate the relative distance by measuring the received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and assess the link quality based on historical data transmission success rate and delay.

[0081] Cooperate with the communication management module to send and receive detection messages and confirmation messages. When a new neighbor device is found or the neighbor device information changes, notify the link establishment and maintenance module and the data forwarding module so that they can update the relevant information and strategies in time.

[0082] The interface design of the neighbor discovery module is as follows: Start the neighbor discovery interface: start_neighbor_discovery(), start the neighbor discovery function, and start sending detection messages periodically.

[0083] Processing neighbor message interface: process_neighbor_message(message), where message is the received neighbor detection message or confirmation message. This interface parses and processes the message and updates the neighbor list and other information.

[0084] Get neighbor list interface: get_neighbor_list(), returns the current neighbor list for other modules to query and use.

[0085] The link establishment and maintenance module is used to process link establishment requests and negotiate with the target neighbor device to establish a communication link based on the device's communication needs and resource conditions. During the link establishment process, resource allocation and parameter setting are performed, such as determining the transmission rate and allocating communication time slots.

[0086] Continuously monitor the link status and determine whether the link is normal through heartbeat messages and data transmission. When the link quality degrades or fails, perform link repair or re-establishment operations. For example, adjust communication parameters, resend link establishment requests, or find backup neighbor devices.

[0087] Maintain the link status information table to record the device ID, link parameters, link quality assessment value, link usage, etc. of the established link. Cooperate with the communication management module and data forwarding module to ensure the correct transmission and forwarding of data on the link.

[0088] The interface design of the link establishment and maintenance module is as follows: Initiate link establishment interface: initiate_link_setup(target_device_id, communication_requirements), where target_device_id is the ID of the target device, and communication_requirements is a structure containing communication requirements, such as {rate: XX, reliability: XX, application_info: XX}, which is used to initiate a link establishment request with the target device.

[0089] Processing link confirmation interface: process_link_confirmation(confirmation_message), where confirmation_message is the link establishment confirmation message replied by the target device. This interface processes the confirmation message, updates the link status information table and notifies the relevant modules that the link is successfully established.

[0090] Link monitoring interface: monitor_link_status(), which is called regularly to monitor the link status and return a flag indicating whether the link is normal. If the link is abnormal, the link repair or re-establishment process is triggered.

[0091] The data forwarding module is used to build and maintain the local routing table based on the information of neighbor discovery and link establishment. The update of the routing table includes adding new routing entries, deleting invalid routing entries, and updating the link quality and next hop device of the existing routing entries according to the change of link status.

[0092] When data needs to be forwarded, the routing table is queried and the optimal forwarding path is selected according to the preset routing strategy (such as the shortest number of hops, the highest link quality or a comprehensive strategy). The data is encapsulated, and forwarding-related information is added, such as the target device ID, the source device ID, the number of hops that have been passed, etc., and then sent to the next hop device.

[0093] Handle errors during data forwarding, such as unreachable target device, broken link, etc. When an error occurs, try to requery the routing table to select an alternate path for forwarding, or notify the source device that data forwarding failed. At the same time, record data forwarding log information, including forwarding time, source device, target device, forwarding path, and success, etc., to facilitate troubleshooting and performance analysis.

[0094] The interface design of the data forwarding module is as follows: Routing table query interface: query_route_table(target_device_id), query the routing table according to the target device ID, and return the optimal forwarding path information, including the next hop device ID and related link information.

[0095] Data forwarding interface: forward_data(data, target_device_id), where data is the data to be forwarded and target_device_id is the ID of the target device. This interface selects a forwarding path based on the routing table, sends the data to the next-hop device, and updates the relevant forwarding information in the data packet header.

[0096] Update routing table interface: update_route_table(route_update_info), where route_update_info is a structure containing routing update information, such as {target_device_id: XX, next_hop_device_id: XX, link_quality: XX}, which is used to update relevant entries in the routing table.

[0097] The network self-healing module is used to monitor the network status and detect abnormal situations such as equipment failure and link interruption in real time. By cooperating with the communication management module, link establishment and maintenance module, etc., it obtains relevant communication status information and link quality data to perform fault diagnosis and location.

[0098] When a network failure is detected, the self-healing process is started. According to the fault type and network topology, the appropriate self-healing strategy is selected, such as local repair, finding backup neighbor devices, re-planning routes, etc. Self-healing operations are performed, including adjusting device parameters, establishing new links, updating routing tables, etc., to restore normal communication on the network.

[0099] During the self-healing process, it coordinates and communicates with other modules to notify related devices of network failures and self-healing progress to ensure the stability and consistency of the entire network. At the same time, it records log information of the self-healing process, including the time of failure, failure type, self-healing measures taken, and self-healing results, for subsequent analysis and optimization.

[0100] The interface design of the network self-healing module is as follows: Fault detection interface: detect_fault(), which is called regularly to detect faults and return information about whether a fault exists and related information (such as faulty device ID, fault type, etc.).

[0101] Start the self-healing interface: start_self_healing(fault_info), where fault_info is the fault information structure returned by the fault detection interface. The interface starts the self-healing process according to the fault information and performs the corresponding self-healing operation.

[0102] Self-healing status notification interface: notify_self_healing_status(status_info), where status_info is a structure containing self-healing status information, such as {progress: XX, result: XX}, which is used to notify other devices or modules of the progress and results of self-healing so that they can make corresponding processing and adjustments.

[0103] The control and coordination module, as the core control module of the entire software system, coordinates the work of other modules. It formulates and adjusts the system's operating strategy based on the overall status of the device, network environment, and application requirements.

[0104] Receive event notifications and status information from each module, and conduct comprehensive analysis and decision-making. For example, when the neighbor discovery module discovers a new neighbor device, the control and coordination module decides whether to establish a link with the new neighbor device based on the current network load and communication requirements; when the link establishment and maintenance module reports a link failure, the control and coordination module instructs the network self-healing module to start the self-healing process and coordinates the data forwarding module to adjust the data.

[0105] The device networking system and method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes CV2XPC5 communication technology to realize short-range wireless communication between intelligent hardware nodes, thereby improving communication distance and bandwidth and reducing latency. Wireless networking between multiple intelligent hardware nodes is realized through neighbor discovery, link establishment and maintenance, data forwarding, and network self-healing modules, thereby improving networking flexibility and data transmission efficiency. Security protection algorithms such as identity authentication, key management, data encryption, and integrity protection are used to ensure the security of network communications.

[0106] The device networking system and method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the embodiment of the present invention have the following advantages: Efficient communication, using the high bandwidth and low latency characteristics of CV2X PC5 communication technology to achieve efficient communication between intelligent hardware nodes and improve data transmission rate and real-time performance.

[0107] Flexible networking, using intelligent MESH networking technology to achieve wireless networking between intelligent hardware nodes, improve networking flexibility and scalability, and adapt to the needs of dynamic changes in nodes in complex scenarios.

[0108] Safe and reliable, it adopts a variety of security protection measures to ensure the security of network communications, prevent data from being stolen and tampered with, and improve the reliability and stability of the system.

[0109] To sum up, the device networking system and method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention have the advantages of efficient communication, flexible networking, safety and reliability, and are suitable for wireless communication networking needs in complex scenarios such as intelligent transportation and industrial automation.

[0110] In order to better implement the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology in the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a device networking device based on CV2X PC5 communication technology, Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a device networking device based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the device networking apparatus 300 based on CV2X PC5 communication technology includes: An establishing module 310, configured to establish a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list; A construction module 320, configured to construct a routing table based on the target information of the communication link; the routing table includes an ID of a target device, an ID of a next-hop device, link quality, and a hop count; A determination module 330, configured to determine an optimal forwarding path to the target device based on the routing table; The forwarding module 340 is configured to forward the data to the target device based on the optimal forwarding path.

[0111] The device networking apparatus 300 based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided in the above embodiment can implement the technical solution described in the above embodiment of the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology. The specific implementation principles of the above modules or units can refer to the corresponding contents in the embodiment of the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology, which will not be repeated here.

[0112] like Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 400. The electronic device 400 includes a processor 401, a memory 402 and a display 403. Figure 4 Only some components of the electronic device 400 are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement all of the components shown, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0113] In some embodiments, the processor 401 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor or other data processing chip, which is used to run the program code or process data stored in the memory 402, such as the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology in the present invention.

[0114] In some embodiments, processor 401 may be a single server or a server group. The server group may be centralized or distributed. In some embodiments, processor 401 may be local or remote. In some embodiments, processor 401 may be implemented in a cloud platform. In some embodiments, the cloud platform may include a private cloud, a public cloud, a hybrid cloud, a community cloud, a distributed cloud, an internal cloud, a multi-cloud, etc., or any combination thereof.

[0115] In some embodiments, the memory 402 may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 400, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device 400. In other embodiments, the memory 402 may also be an external storage device of the electronic device 400, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc., equipped on the electronic device 400.

[0116] Furthermore, the memory 402 may include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device 400 and an external storage device. The memory 402 is used to store application software installed in the electronic device 400 and various data.

[0117] In some embodiments, the display 403 may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) touch device, etc. The display 403 is used to display information on the electronic device 400 and to display a visual user interface. The components 401-403 of the electronic device 400 communicate with each other via a system bus.

[0118] In one embodiment, when the processor 401 executes the device networking program based on the CV2X PC5 communication technology in the memory 402, the following steps may be implemented: Based on the neighbor device list, establish a communication link with the neighbor device; Based on the target information of the communication link, a routing table is constructed; the routing table includes the ID of the target device, the ID of the next hop device, the link quality and the number of hops; Based on the routing table, determining an optimal forwarding path to the target device; Based on the optimal forwarding path, the data is forwarded to the target device.

[0119] It should be understood that when the processor 401 executes the device networking program based on the CV2X PC5 communication technology in the memory 402, in addition to the above functions, other functions can also be implemented. For details, please refer to the description of the corresponding method embodiment above.

[0120] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the type of the electronic device 400 mentioned, and the electronic device 400 may be a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a laptop computer, etc. Exemplary embodiments of portable electronic devices include but are not limited to portable electronic devices equipped with IOS, Android, Microsoft or other operating systems. The above-mentioned portable electronic device may also be other portable electronic devices, such as a laptop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel). It should also be understood that in some other embodiments of the present invention, the electronic device 400 may not be a portable electronic device, but a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel).

[0121] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store computer-readable programs or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, it can implement the steps or functions of the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware (such as a processor, a controller, etc.) through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0123] The above is a detailed introduction to the device networking method and apparatus based on CV2X PC5 communication technology provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology, characterized in that: include: Based on the neighbor device list, establish a communication link with the neighbor device; Based on the target information of the communication link, a routing table is constructed; the routing table includes the ID of the target device, the ID of the next hop device, the link quality and the number of hops; Based on the routing table, determining an optimal forwarding path to the target device; Based on the optimal forwarding path, the data is forwarded to the target device.

2. The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list, the method further includes: Send a detection message to the neighboring device through the PC5 communication interface; the detection message contains the device ID, communication capability parameters and device status information; Receiving a first confirmation message sent by the neighbor device; the first confirmation message is sent based on the detection message; Based on the first confirmation message, the neighbor list is determined.

3. The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The establishing of a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list includes: Sending a link establishment request message to the neighbor device; Receiving a second confirmation message sent by the neighbor device; the second confirmation message is sent based on the link establishment request message; Based on the second confirmation message, the communication link is established.

4. The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After establishing a communication link with a neighbor device based on the neighbor device list, the method further includes: Sending or receiving heartbeat information to the neighbor device based on the communication link; Based on the heartbeat message, the quality of the communication link is monitored.

5. The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After constructing the routing table based on the target information of the communication link, the method further includes: When new neighbor information is received or the link status changes, the routing table is updated.

6. The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The determining, based on the routing table, an optimal forwarding path to the target device includes: The optimal forwarding path is determined based on the number of hops and / or the link quality.

7. The device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: Performing fault detection on the communication link based on any one of a link state, a state message of a neighboring device, or a communication performance indicator; When a fault occurs on the communication link, the communication link is repaired based on the fault type.

8. A device networking device based on CV2X PC5 communication technology, characterized in that: include: An establishing module, used to establish a communication link with a neighbor device based on a neighbor device list; A construction module, configured to construct a routing table based on the target information of the communication link; the routing table includes an ID of a target device, an ID of a next-hop device, a link quality, and a hop count; A determination module, configured to determine an optimal forwarding path to the target device based on the routing table; A forwarding module is used to forward the data to the target device based on the optimal forwarding path.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: comprising a memory and a processor, wherein: The memory is used to store programs; The processor, coupled to the memory, is used to execute the program stored in the memory to implement the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the device networking method based on CV2X PC5 communication technology as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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