Earth crust deformation monitoring method and system based on satellite radar interferometry, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of geophysical monitoring, and discloses an earth crust deformation monitoring method and system based on satellite radar interference measurement, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a measurement image of a satellite radar for the earth surface, and carrying out the image registration of the measurement image, and obtaining a registered image; pre-processing the registered image to obtain a pre-processed image; performing interference processing on the preprocessed image to generate a differential interferogram containing a terrain phase and a deformation phase; phase unwrapping and terrain phase correction are carried out on the differential interferogram, a deformation phase is separated out, and earth surface deformation information is obtained; and performing time sequence analysis on the earth surface deformation information of the continuous time to obtain a change trend of earth crust deformation. According to the invention, based on satellite radar interference measurement, a large area can be covered in a short time, and effective monitoring can be carried out on wide plains, complex mountainous regions and remote regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geophysical monitoring technology, and in particular to a crust deformation monitoring method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium based on satellite radar interferometry. Background Art

[0002] Crustal deformation monitoring is of vital importance in many important fields. In terms of earthquake prediction, accurate monitoring of crustal deformation can provide early warning signals for the occurrence of earthquakes, buy people valuable response time, and reduce loss of life and property. For geological disaster warning, geological disasters such as landslides and ground subsidence are often closely related to small deformations of the crust. Through continuous monitoring of crustal deformation, potential disaster risks can be discovered in time and preventive measures can be taken in advance. In the field of engineering construction, the stability of large-scale infrastructure such as bridges, tunnels, and high-rise buildings is also affected by crustal deformation. Understanding the crustal deformation in the construction area helps to optimize engineering design and construction plans and ensure the safety and reliability of the project.

[0003] Traditional crustal deformation monitoring methods have many limitations. Leveling is a common method that infers the vertical deformation of the crust by measuring the elevation difference between different locations. However, the measurement range of leveling is limited and can usually only be carried out in local areas. It is not competent for large-scale crustal deformation monitoring. Moreover, leveling requires a lot of manpower and material resources, the measurement process is time-consuming, and the data update speed is slow. Although GPS measurement can achieve three-dimensional deformation monitoring within a certain range, its accuracy is easily affected by environmental factors such as the atmosphere and ionosphere, and in some areas with complex terrain, GPS signals may be blocked, resulting in inaccurate measurement results. In addition, the cost of traditional methods is high, and a large amount of capital investment is required for equipment purchase, installation, and subsequent maintenance.

[0004] With the rapid development of satellite technology, satellite radar interferometry (InSAR) technology has emerged. InSAR technology uses radar waves emitted by satellites to illuminate the ground, and obtains surface deformation information by analyzing the phase difference of radar echo signals obtained at different times. This technology has the advantage of large-scale monitoring and can cover a large area in a short time, making it possible to monitor crustal deformation on a global scale. At the same time, InSAR technology has the characteristics of high precision and can detect deformations of millimeters or even smaller. Its high temporal and spatial resolution also makes the dynamic monitoring of crustal deformation more precise. However, the current InSAR technology is not perfect in practical applications. In terms of data processing, since radar signals are easily interfered by various noises, how to effectively remove noise and improve data quality is a challenge. In the process of interferogram generation, problems such as phase ambiguity and decoherence may also occur, affecting the accuracy of deformation information extraction. In addition, factors such as different terrains, surface cover types, and meteorological conditions may affect the monitoring results of InSAR technology. How to improve the adaptability and reliability of the technology in complex environments is also a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquire a satellite radar measurement image of the earth's surface, and perform image registration on the measurement image to obtain a registered image;

[0007] Preprocessing the registered image to obtain a preprocessed image;

[0008] Performing interference processing on the pre-processed image to generate a differential interference pattern including a terrain phase and a deformation phase;

[0009] Performing phase unwrapping and terrain phase correction on the differential interferogram to separate the deformation phase and obtain surface deformation information;

[0010] The surface deformation information of continuous time is subjected to time series analysis to obtain the variation trend of crust deformation.

[0011] Preferably, the pretreatment method comprises:

[0012] Performing radiation correction on the registered image to remove radiation errors;

[0013] The atmospheric delay effect is corrected for the image after the radiation error is removed using the ground control point data to obtain the preprocessed image.

[0014] Preferably, the method for obtaining the differential interference pattern comprises:

[0015] Dividing the preprocessed image into a reference image and a target image, wherein the reference image is acquired earlier than the target image;

[0016] Convert the reference image and the target image into complex forms to obtain a reference image complex form I1 and a target image complex form I2;

[0017] The differential interference pattern is obtained based on the conjugation of the target image complex form I2 and the reference image complex form I1:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, I interferogram represents the differential interference pattern.

[0020] Preferably, the method for obtaining the surface deformation information includes:

[0021] Extract the phase difference φ from the differential interferogram:

[0022] φ=arg(I interferogram )

[0023] Among them, arg represents the phase angle;

[0024] Performing phase unwrapping on the phase difference φ by using path tracking to obtain the phase of the unwrapped differential interferogram;

[0025] Calculate terrain phase using known elevation data:

[0026]

[0027] Where λ is the radar wavelength, B || represents the parallel component of the baseline, R represents the distance from the satellite to the ground, and θ represents the incident angle;

[0028] The terrain phase is removed from the phase of the unwrapped differential interferogram to obtain the surface deformation information.

[0029] Preferably, the method for obtaining the change trend of crust deformation includes:

[0030] Denoising and normalizing the surface deformation information to obtain processed deformation information;

[0031] Extracting trend terms of the processed deformation information using variational mode decomposition;

[0032] Using the autoregressive integrated moving average model, a time series model is constructed based on the trend term:

[0033]

[0034] Among them, Y t represents the trend term, φ i and θ j represents the model parameters, B represents the lag operator, d represents the difference order, ε t represents white noise, i, j, p, q represent natural numbers;

[0035] The time series model is used to obtain the variation trend of crust deformation.

[0036] The present invention also provides a crust deformation monitoring system based on satellite radar interferometry, wherein the monitoring system applies any of the above monitoring methods and comprises: an image registration module, a preprocessing module, an interference pattern generation module, an interference pattern processing module and a change trend monitoring module;

[0037] The image registration module is used to obtain a measurement image of the earth's surface by a satellite radar, and to perform image registration on the measurement image to obtain a registered image;

[0038] The preprocessing module preprocesses the registered image to obtain a preprocessed image;

[0039] The interference pattern generation module is used to perform interference processing on the pre-processed image to generate a differential interference pattern including a terrain phase and a deformation phase;

[0040] The interference pattern processing module is used to perform phase unwrapping and terrain phase correction on the differential interference pattern, separate the deformation phase, and obtain surface deformation information;

[0041] The change trend monitoring module performs time series analysis on the surface deformation information of continuous time to obtain the change trend of crust deformation.

[0042] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry is implemented.

[0043] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the above-mentioned crust deformation monitoring method based on satellite radar interferometry is implemented.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] In terms of accuracy and reliability, the present invention can effectively eliminate interference factors and accurately extract crustal deformation information by performing multi-step fine processing on satellite radar interferometry data, including noise removal, interferogram generation, and analysis using specific algorithms. After verification and correction, the accuracy and reliability of the data are further improved, providing more accurate data support for earthquake prediction, geological disaster warning, and engineering construction.

[0046] Secondly, the monitoring scope has been greatly expanded. Traditional monitoring methods are often limited by the measurement range and it is difficult to achieve large-scale monitoring. The present invention is based on satellite radar interferometry and can cover a large area in a short time. Whether it is a vast plain, complex mountainous area or remote area, it can be effectively monitored. This is of great significance for a comprehensive understanding of crustal deformation and timely discovery of potential risk areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method flow of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure Description:

[0051] 1010, processor; 1020, memory; 1030, input / output interface; 1040, communication interface; 1050, bus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Including" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, a method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry comprises:

[0056] S1. Obtain a satellite radar measurement image of the ground surface, and perform image registration on the measurement image to obtain a registered image.

[0057] In this embodiment, first, a measurement image of the surface is obtained by a satellite radar system. These images are obtained by a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system when it passes through the same area at different times. Due to orbital offset, these images do not completely overlap, so image registration is required. Then, a rough registration is performed, usually using an automatic selection method to select the center point of the reference image as a control point, and then using satellite orbit parameters, InSAR geometry and SAR positioning equations to obtain the same-name point of the center point of the reference image in the image to be registered, and using these two points as a control point pair for image registration, according to the pixel coordinate offset between the same-name points, the image is simply translated so that the same-name points of the reference image and the image to be registered roughly correspond to the same resolution unit on the ground, and the rough registration is completed. Then, a fine registration is performed. On the basis of the rough registration, control points are automatically and evenly arranged in the reference image, and then the precise positions of the same-name points corresponding to them are searched from the image to be registered according to a certain similarity law (such as the coherence coefficient method, the maximum spectrum method, the phase difference image average fluctuation function method, etc.). The coordinates of these control points are used to establish the coordinate mapping relationship between the reference image and the image to be registered. Finally, the image to be registered is subjected to coordinate transformation and pixel interpolation resampling to achieve precise registration and obtain the registered image.

[0058] S2. Preprocess the registered image to obtain a preprocessed image.

[0059] The preprocessing method includes: performing radiation correction on the registered image to remove the radiation error; and performing atmospheric delay effect correction on the image after the radiation error is removed using ground control point data to obtain the preprocessed image.

[0060] In this embodiment, the registered image is firstly calibrated for radiation to obtain its calibrated radiation intensity value:

[0061] I cal =I raw ×G+K

[0062] Among them, I cal Indicates the radiation intensity after calibration, I raw represents the radiation intensity of the registered image, G and K represent calibration constants; according to the calibrated radiation intensity value, the radiation error of the registered image is removed to obtain the image after the radiation error is removed. Then, the atmospheric delay model is established:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, Δφ represents phase delay, λ represents radar wavelength, P represents atmospheric pressure, T represents temperature, H represents water vapor content, k1, k2, k3 represent atmospheric component-related constants, and θ represents the incident angle. Using ground control point data and the constructed atmospheric delay model, atmospheric delay correction is performed on the image after radiation error removal to obtain the preprocessed image.

[0065] S3. Perform interference processing on the pre-processed image to generate a differential interference pattern including a terrain phase and a deformation phase.

[0066] The method for obtaining a differential interference pattern includes: dividing a preprocessed image into a reference image and a target image, wherein the reference image is acquired earlier than the target image; converting the reference image and the target image into complex forms to obtain a reference image complex form I1 and a target image complex form I2; and obtaining a differential interference pattern based on the conjugation of the target image complex form I2 and the reference image complex form I1:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, I interferogram represents the differential interference pattern.

[0069] S4. Perform phase unwrapping and terrain phase correction on the differential interferogram to separate the deformation phase and obtain the surface deformation information.

[0070] The method of obtaining the surface deformation information includes: extracting the phase difference φ from the differential interferogram:

[0071] φ=arg(I interferogram )

[0072] Among them, arg represents the phase angle; the phase difference φ is phase unwrapped by path tracking to obtain the phase of the unwrapped differential interferogram; the terrain phase is calculated using the known elevation data:

[0073]

[0074] Where λ is the radar wavelength, B || represents the parallel component of the baseline, R represents the distance from the satellite to the ground, and θ represents the incident angle; the terrain phase is removed from the phase of the unwrapped differential interferogram to obtain the surface deformation information.

[0075] S5. Conduct time series analysis on the continuous surface deformation information to obtain the changing trend of crust deformation.

[0076] The method for obtaining the changing trend of crustal deformation includes: denoising and normalizing the surface deformation information to obtain the processed deformation information; extracting the trend term of the processed deformation information by variational mode decomposition; and constructing a time series model based on the trend term by using an autoregressive integrated moving average model:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, Y t represents the trend term, φ i and θ j represents the model parameters, B represents the lag operator, d represents the difference order, ε t represents white noise, i, j, p, q represent natural numbers; the changing trend of crustal deformation is obtained using the time series model.

[0079] It should be noted that the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be performed by a single device, such as a computer or a server. The method of the present embodiment can also be applied in a distributed scenario and completed by multiple devices cooperating with each other. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices can only perform one or more steps in the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the described method.

[0080] It should be noted that some embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the attached claims. In some cases, it should be understood that the size of the serial number of each step in the above embodiment does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention. The actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the above embodiment and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the process depicted in the accompanying drawings does not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0081] Embodiment 2

[0082] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiment methods, the present disclosure also provides a crust deformation monitoring system based on satellite radar interferometry, including: an image registration module, a preprocessing module, an interference pattern generation module, an interference pattern processing module and a change trend monitoring module.

[0083] The image registration module is used to obtain the measurement image of the ground surface by the satellite radar, and perform image registration on the measurement image to obtain the registered image.

[0084] In this embodiment, the image registration module first obtains the measured images of the surface through the satellite radar system. These images are obtained by the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system when passing through the same area at different times. Due to the orbital offset, these images do not completely overlap, so image registration is required. Then, a rough registration is performed, usually using an automatic selection method to select the center point of the reference image as a control point, and then using the satellite orbit parameters, InSAR geometry and SAR positioning equations to obtain the same-name point of the center point of the reference image in the image to be registered, and using these two points as a control point pair for image registration, according to the pixel coordinate offset between the same-name points, the image is simply translated so that the same-name points of the reference image and the image to be registered roughly correspond to the same resolution unit on the ground, and the rough registration is completed. Then, a fine registration is performed. On the basis of the rough registration, the control points are automatically and evenly arranged in the reference image, and then the precise positions of the same-name points corresponding to them are searched from the image to be registered according to a certain similarity law (such as the coherence coefficient method, the maximum spectrum method, the phase difference image average fluctuation function method, etc.). The coordinates of these control points are used to establish the coordinate mapping relationship between the reference image and the image to be registered. Finally, the image to be registered is subjected to coordinate transformation and pixel interpolation resampling to achieve precise registration and obtain the registered image.

[0085] The preprocessing module preprocesses the registered image to obtain a preprocessed image.

[0086] The preprocessing module includes: a radiation correction unit and an atmospheric delay correction unit. The radiation correction unit performs radiation correction on the registered image to remove the radiation error; the atmospheric delay correction unit uses the ground control point data to correct the atmospheric delay effect on the image after the radiation error is removed to obtain the preprocessed image.

[0087] In this embodiment, the radiation correction unit first performs radiation calibration on the registered image to obtain the calibrated radiation intensity value:

[0088] I cal =I raw ×G+K

[0089] Among them, I cal Indicates the radiation intensity after calibration, I raw represents the radiation intensity of the registered image, G and K represent calibration constants; according to the calibrated radiation intensity value, the radiation error of the registered image is removed to obtain the image after the radiation error is removed. After that, the atmospheric delay correction unit establishes the atmospheric delay model:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, Δφ represents phase delay, λ represents radar wavelength, P represents atmospheric pressure, T represents temperature, H represents water vapor content, k1, k2, k3 represent atmospheric component-related constants, and θ represents the incident angle. Using ground control point data and the constructed atmospheric delay model, atmospheric delay correction is performed on the image after radiation error removal to obtain the preprocessed image.

[0092] The interference pattern generation module is used to perform interference processing on the pre-processed image to generate a differential interference pattern including a terrain phase and a deformation phase.

[0093] In this embodiment, the workflow of the interference pattern generation module includes: dividing the preprocessed image into a reference image and a target image, wherein the reference image is acquired earlier than the target image; converting the reference image and the target image into complex forms to obtain a reference image complex form I1 and a target image complex form I2; and obtaining a differential interference pattern based on the conjugation of the target image complex form I2 and the reference image complex form I1:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, I interferogram represents the differential interference pattern.

[0096] The interference pattern processing module is used to perform phase unwrapping and terrain phase correction on the differential interference pattern, separate the deformation phase, and obtain the surface deformation information.

[0097] In this embodiment, the workload flow of the interference pattern processing module includes: extracting the phase difference φ from the differential interference pattern:

[0098] φ=arg(I interferogram )

[0099] Among them, arg represents the phase angle; the phase difference φ is phase unwrapped by path tracking to obtain the phase of the unwrapped differential interferogram; the terrain phase is calculated using the known elevation data:

[0100]

[0101] Where λ is the radar wavelength, B || represents the parallel component of the baseline, R represents the distance from the satellite to the ground, and θ represents the incident angle; the terrain phase is removed from the phase of the unwrapped differential interferogram to obtain the surface deformation information.

[0102] The change trend monitoring module performs time series analysis on the continuous surface deformation information to obtain the change trend of crust deformation.

[0103] In this embodiment, the workflow of the change trend monitoring module includes: performing denoising and normalization processing on the surface deformation information to obtain processed deformation information; extracting the trend term of the processed deformation information by using variational mode decomposition; and constructing a time series model based on the trend term by using an autoregressive integral moving average model:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, Yt represents the trend term, φ i and θ j represents the model parameters, B represents the lag operator, d represents the difference order, ε t represents white noise, i, j, p, q represent natural numbers; the changing trend of crustal deformation is obtained using the time series model.

[0106] The system of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding crust deformation monitoring method based on satellite radar interferometry in any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0107] It should be noted that the above-mentioned crustal deformation monitoring system based on satellite radar interferometry is embodied in the form of functional units. The term "module" here can be implemented in the form of software and / or hardware, and is not specifically limited to this.

[0108] For example, a "module" may be a software program, a hardware circuit, or a combination of the two that implements the above functions. The hardware circuit may include an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (such as a shared processor, a dedicated processor, or a group processor, etc.) and a memory for executing one or more software or firmware programs, a combined logic circuit, and / or other suitable components that support the described functions.

[0109] Embodiment 3

[0110] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiments and methods, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry as described in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0111] Figure 2 A more specific schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in this embodiment is shown, and the device may include: a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040 are connected to each other through the bus 1050 in the device.

[0112] The processor 1010 can be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0113] The memory 1020 may be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), static storage device, dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and are called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0114] The input / output interface 1030 is used to connect the input / output module to realize information input and output. The input / output module can be configured in the device as a component (not shown in the figure), or it can be externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. The input device may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc., and the output device may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, an indicator light, etc.

[0115] The communication interface 1040 is used to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to realize communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication module can realize communication through a wired mode (such as USB (Universal Serial Bus), network cable, etc.), or through a wireless mode (such as mobile network, WIFI (Wireless Fidelity), Bluetooth, etc.).

[0116] The bus 1050 includes a path that transmits information between the various components of the device (eg, the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040).

[0117] It should be noted that, although the above device only shows the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, the communication interface 1040 and the bus 1050, in the specific implementation process, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. In addition, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the above device may also only include the components necessary for implementing the embodiments of the present specification, and does not necessarily include all the components shown in the figure.

[0118] The system of the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding crust deformation monitoring method based on satellite radar interferometry in any of the above embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0119] Embodiment 4

[0120] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiment methods, the present disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the crust deformation monitoring method based on satellite radar interferometry as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0121] The computer-readable medium of this embodiment includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, read-only compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.

[0122] The computer instructions stored in the storage medium of the above embodiment are used to enable the computer to execute the crust deformation monitoring method based on satellite radar interferometry as described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples. Based on the concept of the present disclosure, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0124] In addition, to simplify the description and discussion, and in order not to make the embodiments of the present disclosure difficult to understand, the known power / ground connections to the integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided figures. In addition, the device can be shown in the form of a block diagram to avoid making the embodiments of the present disclosure difficult to understand, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of the present disclosure will be implemented (that is, these details should be fully within the scope of understanding of those skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented without these specific details or with changes in these specific details. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0125] Although the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present disclosure, many replacements, modifications and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the embodiments discussed.

[0126] Therefore, the units of each example described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present application.

[0127] The embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire a satellite radar measurement image of the earth's surface, and perform image registration on the measurement image to obtain a registered image; Preprocessing the registered image to obtain a preprocessed image; Performing interference processing on the pre-processed image to generate a differential interference pattern including a terrain phase and a deformation phase; Performing phase unwrapping and terrain phase correction on the differential interferogram to separate the deformation phase and obtain surface deformation information; The surface deformation information of continuous time is subjected to time series analysis to obtain the variation trend of crust deformation.

2. The method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment method comprises: Performing radiation correction on the registered image to remove radiation errors; The atmospheric delay effect is corrected for the image after the radiation error is removed using the ground control point data to obtain the preprocessed image.

3. The method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the differential interference pattern comprises: Dividing the preprocessed image into a reference image and a target image, wherein the reference image is acquired earlier than the target image; Convert the reference image and the target image into complex forms to obtain a reference image complex form I1 and a target image complex form I2; The differential interference pattern is obtained based on the conjugation of the target image complex form I2 and the reference image complex form I1: Among them, I interferogram represents the differential interference pattern.

4. The method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the surface deformation information includes: Extract the phase difference φ from the differential interferogram: φ=arg(I interferogram ) Among them, arg represents the phase angle; Performing phase unwrapping on the phase difference φ by using path tracking to obtain the phase of the unwrapped differential interferogram; Calculate terrain phase using known elevation data: Where λ is the radar wavelength, B || represents the parallel component of the baseline, R represents the distance from the satellite to the ground, and θ represents the incident angle; The terrain phase is removed from the phase of the unwrapped differential interferogram to obtain the surface deformation information.

5. The method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the variation trend of crust deformation includes: Denoising and normalizing the surface deformation information to obtain processed deformation information; Extracting trend terms of the processed deformation information using variational mode decomposition; Using the autoregressive integrated moving average model, a time series model is constructed based on the trend term: Among them, Y t represents the trend term, φ i and θ j represents the model parameters, B represents the lag operator, d represents the difference order, ε t represents white noise, i, j, p, q represent natural numbers; The time series model is used to obtain the variation trend of crust deformation.

6. A crustal deformation monitoring system based on satellite radar interferometry, the monitoring system applying the monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes: image registration module, preprocessing module, interference pattern generation module, interference pattern processing module and change trend monitoring module; The image registration module is used to obtain a measurement image of the earth's surface by a satellite radar, and to perform image registration on the measurement image to obtain a registered image; The preprocessing module preprocesses the registered image to obtain a preprocessed image; The interference pattern generation module is used to perform interference processing on the pre-processed image to generate a differential interference pattern including a terrain phase and a deformation phase; The interference pattern processing module is used to perform phase unwrapping and terrain phase correction on the differential interference pattern, separate the deformation phase, and obtain surface deformation information; The change trend monitoring module performs time series analysis on the surface deformation information of continuous time to obtain the change trend of crust deformation.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the method for monitoring crustal deformation based on satellite radar interferometry as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the crust deformation monitoring method based on satellite radar interferometry as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

Images