Rapid planting and propagation method by using perennial leguminous pasture asexual propagules

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid planting and propagation method by using a perennial leguminous pasture asexual propagule, and belongs to the technical field of plant planting and propagation. The rapid planting and propagation method using the perennial leguminous forage vegetative propagule comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting a stock plant which is excellent in variety, free of plant diseases and insect pests, high in tillering capability, thick and strong in stalk and developed in root system, and then performing fertilization, pruning and insect-resistant treatment; 2, all underground root systems and lateral buds are cut into small sections with the length of 1 cm, then disinfection treatment is conducted, airing is conducted, and propagules are obtained; 3, deeply ploughing the soil, removing weed root systems, doping decomposed organic fertilizers, and adding modified fertilizers and modified antibacterial agents to obtain pretreated soil; 4, the propagules are subjected to planting, irrigation, topdressing, weeding and harvesting. According to the method, the vegetative propagules of the perennial leguminous forage are used as propagules to replace seeds for planting, so that the propagule survival rate, the tiller number and the annual forage yield of the leguminous forage can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting and propagation, and in particular relates to a method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses. Background Art

[0002] As an important ecological and animal husbandry resource, perennial leguminous forage grasses have significant advantages such as strong nitrogen fixation ability, good palatability, high nutritional value and improved soil structure. They play a key role in grassland ecological restoration and sustainable animal husbandry development. However, the traditional sowing and propagation model is limited by problems such as low seed germination rate, high risk of genetic variation, and long growth cycle (usually 2-3 years to form a stalk), which makes it difficult to meet large-scale planting needs. For example, although high-quality leguminous forage grasses such as alfalfa and red bean grass have great potential in the restoration of degraded grasslands, their seed seedling breeding costs are high, and the seedlings have weak stress resistance, resulting in low propagation efficiency. In addition, under the background of global climate change, frequent droughts and pests and diseases have further aggravated the uncertainty of forage planting, and innovative propagation technologies are urgently needed to break through the bottleneck. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for rapid planting and propagation of perennial leguminous forage grass asexual propagules, so as to solve the technical problems of poor survival rate, tillering number and annual grass yield of leguminous forage grass propagules in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select mother plants with good varieties, no diseases and insect pests, strong tillering ability, thick stems and well-developed root systems, and then fertilize, prune and treat with insects; Step 2: Cut all underground roots and lateral buds into 1 cm long segments, disinfect them, dry them, and obtain propagules; Step 3: Deeply plow the soil, remove weed roots, add decomposed organic fertilizer, add modified fertilizer and modified antibacterial agent to obtain pretreated soil; Step 4: Plant, irrigate, fertilize, weed and harvest the propagules.

[0005] Preferably, in step 1, a compound fertilizer with a ratio of nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium = 10:5:5 is applied, and the application amount is 50-80 g / m 2 , prune away old and weak branches, retain 4-6 strong side branches, and spray the leaves with insecticides at a concentration of 0.3vt%-0.5vt%.

[0006] Preferably, in step three, the soil is plowed deeply to a depth of 25-35 cm, the amount of decomposed organic fertilizer added is 2000-3000 kg / mu, the amount of modified fertilizer added is 40-50 kg / mu, and the amount of modified antibacterial agent added is 2-2.5 kg / mu.

[0007] Preferably, the method for preparing the modified fertilizer comprises the following steps: Q1: Add m-fluorobenzonitrile, m-hydroxybenzoic acid and anhydrous potassium carbonate into a container, then add N,N-dimethylformamide, stir and heat to react, after the reaction is completed, filter, extract, wash, separate, wash the organic phase, dry, let stand, filter, and distill under reduced pressure to obtain compound 1; Q2: Compound 1, sodium hydroxide, distilled water and anhydrous ethanol are added to a container in sequence, heated under reflux and stirred for reaction, and after the reaction is completed, vacuum distillation is performed, the liquid is separated, the organic phase is washed, dried, allowed to stand, suction filtered, and vacuum distillation is performed to obtain compound 2; Q3: Compound 2, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and N,N-dimethylformamide were slowly added to a container, triethylamine was slowly added dropwise under ice bath conditions, and the reaction was continued with stirring. Dehydroabietylamine was then added and the reaction was continued with stirring at room temperature. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was diluted, extracted, washed, dried, rotary evaporated, and purified to obtain compound 3; Q4: The wheat straw is washed, crushed, and dried, then soaked in ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain pretreated wheat straw, which is then placed in distilled water containing compound 3, shaken, filtered, subjected to high temperature treatment, washed, and dried to obtain modified fertilizer.

[0008] In the above process, m-fluorobenzonitrile and m-hydroxybenzoic acid undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction to prepare compound 1, and then the nitrile group contained therein is first hydrolyzed into amide, and further hydrolyzed into carboxylate to obtain compound 2, and then dehydroabietylamine and compound 2 undergo substitution reaction in the presence of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to form an amide bond to obtain compound 3, and then the pretreated wheat straw reacts with compound 3, and under high temperature conditions, the two undergo a hydrogenation reaction to prepare a modified fertilizer.

[0009] Preferably, in Q1, the amount ratio of m-fluorobenzonitrile, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, anhydrous potassium carbonate and N,N-dimethylformamide is (0.1-0.15) g: (0.09-0.13) g: (0.35-0.48) g: (1-2) mL, the temperature of the heating reaction is 90-110°C, the reaction time is 10-12 h, the extraction is carried out with ethyl acetate and distilled water, and the organic phase is washed with 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively; in Q2, the amount ratio of compound 1, sodium hydroxide, distilled water and anhydrous ethanol is (0.12-0.28) g: (0.22-0.35) g: (1.8-2.5) mL: (1.7-2.6) mL, the temperature of the heating reflux stirring reaction is 70-90°C, the reaction time is 8-10 h, and the organic phase is washed with 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, in Q3, the dosage ratio of compound 2, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N,N-dimethylformamide, triethylamine and dehydroabietylamine is (0.32-0.43) g: (0.71-0.84) g: (3-4.5) mL: (0.28-0.35) mL: (0.21-0.35) g, the stirring reaction time is 30-45 min, and the stirring reaction time at room temperature is 15-20 h; in Q4, the dosage ratio of pretreated wheat straw, compound 3 and distilled water is (50-80) g: (5-11) g: (100-200) mL, the high temperature treatment temperature is 90-110°C, and the treatment time is 8-12 h.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified antibacterial agent comprises the following steps: S1: Add 2,4-dichloropyridine, 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid and cesium carbonate to dimethyl sulfoxide, stir at high temperature to react, then add ammonium chloride, extract, wash, dry, vacuum treat, and purify to obtain intermediate A; S2: Add the intermediate A to a container containing N,N-dimethylformamide, add sodium hydride during stirring in an ice bath, then add iodomethane and continue stirring, wash the organic layer, dry, vacuum treat, and purify to obtain a modified antibacterial agent.

[0012] In the above process, the synthetic reaction formula of the modified antibacterial agent is as follows:

[0013] The results of mass spectrometry analysis of intermediate A were: m / z: 253.99 (100.0%), 255.99 (36.7%), 255.00(11.0%), 256.99 (4.5%), 254.99 (1.5%), 257.98 (1.4%), 256.00 (1.0%); the results of mass spectrometry analysis of the modified antibacterial agent were: m / z: 268.01 (100.0%), 270.00 (36.5%), 269.01 (12.9%),271.01 (4.5%), 272.00 (1.5%), 270.01 (1.2%).

[0014] Preferably, in S1, the dosage ratio of 2,4-dichloropyridine, 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid, cesium carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide and ammonium chloride is (0.45-0.52) g: (0.58-0.67) g: (0.61-0.67) g: (5-7.5) mL: (20-30) mL, the high temperature stirring reaction temperature is 100-110° C., and the stirring time is 20-24 h.

[0015] Preferably, in S2, the usage ratio of intermediate A, N,N-dimethylformamide, sodium hydride and methyl iodide is (0.25-0.33) g: (3-5) mL: (0.002-0.005) g: (0.004-0.006) g, and methyl iodide is added after adding sodium hydride for 10-15 min, and the stirring time is continued for 10-12 h, and the mixture is washed with saturated sodium chloride solution and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate.

[0016] Preferably, in step 4, during the planting process, the row spacing is 40-45 cm, the plant spacing is 30-32.5 cm, 5500-6000 plants / mu are planted, the soil is covered to 1-2 cm above the bud eyes, and during the irrigation process, drip irrigation is performed 2-3 times a week.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The invention firstly uses m-fluorobenzonitrile, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium hydroxide, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, dehydroabietylamine and wheat straw as raw materials to prepare modified fertilizer, then uses 2,4-dichloropyridine, 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid, sodium hydride and iodomethane as raw materials to prepare modified antimicrobial agent, adds the modified fertilizer and the modified antimicrobial agent into the rapid planting and propagation method of asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grass, and simultaneously uses the asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grass as propagules to replace seeds for planting, so as to effectively improve the survival rate, tillering number and annual grass yield of the propagules, the cross-linked structure contained in the modified fertilizer can optimize the soil microenvironment, and the pyridine ring contained in the modified antimicrobial agent can be used as a plant growth regulator precursor to promote the occurrence of adventitious roots, thereby physiologically regulating the propagules. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Embodiment 1: This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a modified fertilizer, comprising the following steps: Q1: 0.12 g of m-fluorobenzonitrile, 0.11 g of m-hydroxybenzoic acid and 0.42 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate were added to a container, and then 1.5 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide was added, and the mixture was stirred and heated to 100°C for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, extracted with ethyl acetate and distilled water, washed, separated, and the organic phase was washed with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively, dried, allowed to stand, filtered, and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain compound 1; Q2: 0.2 g of compound 1, 0.28 g of sodium hydroxide, 2.2 mL of distilled water and 2.1 mL of anhydrous ethanol were added to a container in sequence, heated to 80°C for 10 h under reflux and stirred, and after the reaction was completed, vacuum distillation was performed, and the liquids were separated. The organic phase was washed with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively, and dried, allowed to stand, filtered, and vacuum distilled to obtain compound 2; Q3: 0.36 g of compound 2, 0.76 g of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 3.75 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were slowly added to a container, and 0.31 mL of triethylamine was slowly added dropwise under ice bath conditions. The reaction was continued with stirring for 45 min, and then 0.28 g of dehydroabietylamine was added. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was diluted, extracted, washed, dried, rotary evaporated, and purified to obtain compound 3; Q4: The wheat straw was washed, crushed, and dried, then soaked in ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain pretreated wheat straw. 65 g of the pretreated wheat straw was placed in 150 mL of distilled water containing 8 g of compound 3, shaken, filtered, and treated at 100°C for 12 h. The modified fertilizer was then washed and dried.

[0020] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a modified antibacterial agent, comprising the following steps: S1: 0.48 g of 2,4-dichloropyridine, 0.62 g of 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid and 0.64 g of cesium carbonate were added to 6.25 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirred at 100°C for 24 h, and then 25 mL of ammonium chloride solution was added, extracted, washed, dried, vacuum treated, and purified to obtain intermediate A; S2: Add 0.29 g of intermediate A to a container containing 4 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, add 0.003 g of sodium hydride during stirring in an ice bath, add 0.005 g of iodomethane after 10 minutes and continue stirring for 12 hours, wash the organic layer with saturated sodium chloride solution, dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate, vacuum treat, and purify to obtain a modified antibacterial agent.

[0021] This embodiment discloses a method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select mother plants with good varieties, no pests and diseases, strong tillering ability, strong stems and well-developed root systems, and then fertilize (apply compound fertilizer with nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 10:5:5, and the application amount is 60g / m 2 ), prune old and weak branches, retain 4-6 strong side branches, and treat with insecticide (spray insecticide with a concentration of 0.5vt% on the leaves); Step 2: Cut all underground roots and lateral buds into 1 cm long segments, disinfect them, dry them, and obtain propagules; Step 3: Deeply plow the soil to a depth of 30 cm, remove weed roots, add decomposed organic fertilizer (2500 kg / mu), modified fertilizer (45 kg / mu) and modified antibacterial agent (2 kg / mu) to obtain pretreated soil; Step 4: Plant the propagules with a row spacing of 42.5 cm, a plant spacing of 30 cm, 5500-6000 plants / mu, cover with soil to 1-2 cm above the bud eyes, irrigate, drip irrigation 2-3 times a week, apply top dressing, weed, and harvest.

[0022] Embodiment 2: This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a modified fertilizer, comprising the following steps: Q1: 0.1 g of m-fluorobenzonitrile, 0.09 g of m-hydroxybenzoic acid and 0.35 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate were added to a container, and then 1 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide was added, and the mixture was stirred and heated to 100°C for 12 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, extracted with ethyl acetate and distilled water, washed, and separated. The organic phase was washed with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively, dried, allowed to stand, filtered, and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain compound 1; Q2: 0.12 g of compound 1, 0.22 g of sodium hydroxide, 1.8 mL of distilled water and 1.7 mL of anhydrous ethanol were added to a container in sequence, heated to reflux at 80°C with stirring for reaction for 10 h, and after the reaction was completed, vacuum distillation was performed, and the liquids were separated. The organic phase was washed with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively, and dried, allowed to stand, filtered, and vacuum distilled to obtain compound 2; Q3: 0.32g of compound 2, 0.71g of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 3mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were slowly added to a container, and 0.28mL of triethylamine was slowly added dropwise under ice bath conditions. The reaction was continued with stirring for 45min, and then 0.21g of dehydroabietylamine was added. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was diluted, extracted, washed, dried, rotary evaporated, and purified to obtain compound 3; Q4: The wheat straw was washed, crushed, and dried, then soaked in ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain pretreated wheat straw. 50 g of the pretreated wheat straw was placed in 100 mL of distilled water containing 5 g of compound 3, shaken, filtered, and treated at 100°C for 12 h. The modified fertilizer was then washed and dried.

[0023] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a modified antibacterial agent, comprising the following steps: S1: 0.45 g of 2,4-dichloropyridine, 0.58 g of 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid and 0.61 g of cesium carbonate were added to 5 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirred at 100°C for 24 h, and then 20 mL of ammonium chloride solution was added, extracted, washed, dried, vacuum treated, and purified to obtain intermediate A; S2: Add 0.25 g of intermediate A to a container containing 3 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, add 0.002 g of sodium hydride during stirring in an ice bath, add 0.004 g of iodomethane after 10 minutes and continue stirring for 12 hours, wash the organic layer with saturated sodium chloride solution, dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate, vacuum treat, and purify to obtain a modified antibacterial agent.

[0024] This embodiment discloses a method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select mother plants with good varieties, no pests and diseases, strong tillering ability, strong stems and well-developed root systems, and then fertilize (apply compound fertilizer with nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 10:5:5, and the application amount is 60g / m 2 ), prune old and weak branches, retain 4-6 strong side branches, and treat with insecticide (spray insecticide with a concentration of 0.5vt% on the leaves); Step 2: Cut all underground roots and lateral buds into 1 cm long segments, disinfect them, dry them, and obtain propagules; Step 3: Deeply plow the soil to a depth of 30 cm, remove weed roots, add decomposed organic fertilizer (2500 kg / mu), modified fertilizer (45 kg / mu) and modified antibacterial agent (2 kg / mu) to obtain pretreated soil; Step 4: Plant the propagules with a row spacing of 42.5 cm, a plant spacing of 30 cm, 5500-6000 plants / mu, cover with soil to 1-2 cm above the bud eyes, irrigate, drip irrigation 2-3 times a week, apply top dressing, weed, and harvest.

[0025] Embodiment 3: This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a modified fertilizer, comprising the following steps: Q1: 0.15 g of m-fluorobenzonitrile, 0.13 g of m-hydroxybenzoic acid and 0.48 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate were added to a container, and then 2 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide was added, and the mixture was stirred and heated to 100°C for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, extracted with ethyl acetate and distilled water, washed, separated, and the organic phase was washed with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively, dried, allowed to stand, filtered, and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain compound 1; Q2: 0.28 g of compound 1, 0.35 g of sodium hydroxide, 2.5 mL of distilled water and 2.6 mL of anhydrous ethanol were added to a container in sequence, heated to 80°C for 10 h under reflux and stirred, and after the reaction was completed, vacuum distillation was performed, and the liquids were separated. The organic phase was washed with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively, and dried, allowed to stand, filtered, and vacuum distilled to obtain compound 2; Q3: 0.43 g of compound 2, 0.84 g of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 4.5 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were slowly added to a container, and 0.35 mL of triethylamine was slowly added dropwise under ice bath conditions. The reaction was continued with stirring for 45 min, and then 0.35 g of dehydroabietylamine was added. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was diluted, extracted, washed, dried, rotary evaporated, and purified to obtain compound 3; Q4: The wheat straw was washed, crushed, and dried, then soaked in ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain pretreated wheat straw. 80 g of the pretreated wheat straw was placed in 200 mL of distilled water containing 11 g of compound 3, shaken, filtered, and treated at 100°C for 12 h. The modified fertilizer was then washed and dried.

[0026] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a modified antibacterial agent, comprising the following steps: S1: 0.52 g of 2,4-dichloropyridine, 0.67 g of 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid and 0.67 g of cesium carbonate were added to 7.5 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirred at 100°C for 24 h, and then 30 mL of ammonium chloride solution was added, extracted, washed, dried, vacuum treated, and purified to obtain intermediate A; S2: Add 0.33 g of intermediate A to a container containing 5 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, add 0.005 g of sodium hydride during stirring in an ice bath, add 0.006 g of iodomethane after 10 minutes and continue stirring for 12 hours, wash the organic layer with saturated sodium chloride solution, dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate, vacuum treat, and purify to obtain a modified antibacterial agent.

[0027] This embodiment discloses a method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select mother plants with good varieties, no pests and diseases, strong tillering ability, strong stems and well-developed root systems, and then fertilize (apply compound fertilizer with nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 10:5:5, and the application amount is 60g / m 2 ), prune old and weak branches, retain 4-6 strong side branches, and treat with insecticide (spray insecticide with a concentration of 0.5vt% on the leaves); Step 2: Cut all underground roots and lateral buds into 1 cm long segments, disinfect them, dry them, and obtain propagules; Step 3: Deeply plow the soil to a depth of 30 cm, remove weed roots, add decomposed organic fertilizer (2500 kg / mu), modified fertilizer (45 kg / mu) and modified antibacterial agent (2 kg / mu) to obtain pretreated soil; Step 4: Plant the propagules with a row spacing of 42.5 cm, a plant spacing of 30 cm, 5500-6000 plants / mu, cover with soil to 1-2 cm above the bud eyes, irrigate, drip irrigation 2-3 times a week, apply top dressing, weed, and harvest.

[0028] Embodiment 4: This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a modified fertilizer, comprising the following steps: Q1: 0.11 g of m-fluorobenzonitrile, 0.1 g of m-hydroxybenzoic acid and 0.39 g of anhydrous potassium carbonate were added to a container, and then 1.2 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide was added, and the mixture was stirred and heated to 100°C for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered, extracted with ethyl acetate and distilled water, washed, and separated. The organic phase was washed with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively, dried, allowed to stand, filtered, and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain compound 1; Q2: 0.16 g of compound 1, 0.26 g of sodium hydroxide, 1.9 mL of distilled water and 1.9 mL of anhydrous ethanol were added to a container in sequence, heated to reflux at 80°C with stirring for reaction for 10 h, and after the reaction was completed, vacuum distillation was performed, and the liquids were separated. The organic phase was washed with 5 wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively, and dried, allowed to stand, filtered, and vacuum distilled to obtain compound 2; Q3: 0.34 g of compound 2, 0.73 g of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 3.2 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide were slowly added to a container, and 0.29 mL of triethylamine was slowly added dropwise under ice bath conditions. The reaction was continued with stirring for 45 min, and then 0.24 g of dehydroabietylamine was added. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was diluted, extracted, washed, dried, rotary evaporated, and purified to obtain compound 3; Q4: The wheat straw was washed, crushed, and dried, then soaked in ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain pretreated wheat straw. 60 g of the pretreated wheat straw was placed in 110 mL of distilled water containing 7 g of compound 3, shaken, filtered, and treated at 100°C for 12 h. The modified fertilizer was then washed and dried.

[0029] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a modified antibacterial agent, comprising the following steps: S1: 0.47 g of 2,4-dichloropyridine, 0.6 g of 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid and 0.62 g of cesium carbonate were added to 5.5 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, stirred at 100°C for 24 h, and then 22 mL of ammonium chloride solution was added, extracted, washed, dried, vacuum treated, and purified to obtain intermediate A; S2: Add 0.27 g of intermediate A to a container containing 3.5 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, add 0.004 g of sodium hydride during stirring in an ice bath, add 0.005 g of iodomethane after 10 minutes and continue stirring for 12 hours, wash the organic layer with saturated sodium chloride solution, dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate, vacuum treat, and purify to obtain a modified antibacterial agent.

[0030] This embodiment discloses a method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select mother plants with good varieties, no pests and diseases, strong tillering ability, strong stems and well-developed root systems, and then fertilize (apply compound fertilizer with nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 10:5:5, and the application amount is 60g / m 2 ), prune old and weak branches, retain 4-6 strong side branches, and treat with insecticide (spray insecticide with a concentration of 0.5vt% on the leaves); Step 2: Cut all underground roots and lateral buds into 1 cm long segments, disinfect them, dry them, and obtain propagules; Step 3: Deeply plow the soil to a depth of 30 cm, remove weed roots, add decomposed organic fertilizer (2500 kg / mu), modified fertilizer (45 kg / mu) and modified antibacterial agent (2 kg / mu) to obtain pretreated soil; Step 4: Plant the propagules with a row spacing of 42.5 cm, a plant spacing of 30 cm, 5500-6000 plants / mu, cover with soil to 1-2 cm above the bud eyes, irrigate, drip irrigation 2-3 times a week, apply top dressing, weed, and harvest.

[0031] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, in the implementation process of the planting and propagation method in Comparative Example 1, no modified fertilizer is added, and other conditions remain unchanged.

[0032] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 2, during the implementation of the planting and propagation method, no modified antibacterial agent was added, and other conditions remained unchanged.

[0033] Comparative Example 3: Compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 3, seeds are directly used for breeding during the propagation process, and no modified fertilizer and modified antibacterial agent are added, and other conditions remain unchanged.

[0034] Experimental Example: Alfalfa was used as the leguminous forage grass for the experiment, and the methods of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were used for propagation. The survival rate of propagules, the number of tillers and the annual grass yield were tested. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0035] It can be seen from the test results in Table 1 that the methods of Examples 1-4 of the present invention can effectively plant and propagate leguminous forage. By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Examples 1-4, it can be seen that the addition of modified fertilizer can effectively improve the survival rate of the propagules, the number of tillers and the annual grass yield of leguminous forage; by comparing Comparative Example 2 with Examples 1-4, it can be seen that the addition of modified fertilizer can effectively improve the survival rate of the propagules, the number of tillers and the annual grass yield of leguminous forage.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select mother plants with good varieties, no diseases and insect pests, strong tillering ability, thick stems and well-developed root systems, and then fertilize, prune and treat with insects; Step 2: Cut all underground roots and lateral buds into 1 cm long segments, disinfect them, dry them, and obtain propagules; Step 3: Deeply plow the soil, remove weed roots, add decomposed organic fertilizer, add modified fertilizer and modified antibacterial agent to obtain pretreated soil; Step 4: Plant, irrigate, fertilize, weed and harvest the propagules.

2. A method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, a compound fertilizer with a ratio of nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium = 10:5:5 is applied, and the application amount is 50-80g / m 2 , prune away old and weak branches, retain 4-6 strong side branches, and spray the leaves with insecticides at a concentration of 0.3vt%-0.5vt%.

3. The method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, the soil is deep-turned to a depth of 25-35 cm, the amount of decomposed organic fertilizer added is 2000-3000 kg / mu, the amount of modified fertilizer added is 40-50 kg / mu, and the amount of modified antibacterial agent added is 2-2.5 kg / mu.

4. The method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified fertilizer, The following steps are involved: Q1: Add m-fluorobenzonitrile, m-hydroxybenzoic acid and anhydrous potassium carbonate into a container, then add N,N-dimethylformamide, stir and heat to react, after the reaction is completed, filter, extract, wash, separate, wash the organic phase, dry, let stand, filter, and distill under reduced pressure to obtain compound 1; Q2: Compound 1, sodium hydroxide, distilled water and anhydrous ethanol are added to a container in sequence, heated under reflux and stirred for reaction, and after the reaction is completed, vacuum distillation is performed, the liquid is separated, the organic phase is washed, dried, allowed to stand, suction filtered, and vacuum distillation is performed to obtain compound 2; Q3: Compound 2, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and N,N-dimethylformamide were slowly added to a container, triethylamine was slowly added dropwise under ice bath conditions, and the reaction was continued with stirring. Dehydroabietylamine was then added and the reaction was continued with stirring at room temperature. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was diluted, extracted, washed, dried, rotary evaporated, and purified to obtain compound 3; Q4: The wheat straw is washed, crushed, and dried, then soaked in ethanol, filtered, and dried to obtain pretreated wheat straw, which is then placed in distilled water containing compound 3, shaken, filtered, subjected to high temperature treatment, washed, and dried to obtain modified fertilizer.

5. The method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the Q1, the amount ratio of m-fluorobenzonitrile, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, anhydrous potassium carbonate and N,N-dimethylformamide is (0.1-0.15) g: (0.09-0.13) g: (0.35-0.48) g: (1-2) mL, the temperature of the heating reaction is 90-110°C, the reaction time is 10-12 h, and the extraction is carried out with ethyl acetate and distilled water. The organic phase is washed with 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively. In the Q2, the amount ratio of compound 1, sodium hydroxide, distilled water and anhydrous ethanol is (0.12-0.28) g: (0.22-0.35) g: (1.8-2.5) mL: (1.7-2.6) mL. The temperature of the heating reflux stirring reaction is 70-90°C, the reaction time is 8-10 h, and the organic phase is washed with 5wt% sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water and saturated sodium chloride, respectively.

6. The method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 4, characterized in that: In Q3, the dosage ratio of compound 2, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N,N-dimethylformamide, triethylamine and dehydroabietylamine is (0.32-0.43) g: (0.71-0.84) g: (3-4.5) mL: (0.28-0.35) mL: (0.21-0.35) g, the stirring reaction time is 30-45 min, and the stirring reaction time at room temperature is 15-20 h; in Q4, the dosage ratio of pretreated wheat straw, compound 3 and distilled water is (50-80) g: (5-11) g: (100-200) mL, the high temperature treatment temperature is 90-110°C, and the treatment time is 8-12 h.

7. The method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified antibacterial agent comprises the following steps: S1: Add 2,4-dichloropyridine, 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid and cesium carbonate to dimethyl sulfoxide, stir at high temperature to react, then add ammonium chloride, extract, wash, dry, vacuum treat, and purify to obtain intermediate A; S2: Add the intermediate A to a container containing N,N-dimethylformamide, add sodium hydride during stirring in an ice bath, then add iodomethane and continue stirring, wash the organic layer, dry, vacuum treat, and purify to obtain a modified antibacterial agent.

8. The method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S1, the dosage ratio of 2,4-dichloropyridine, 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid, cesium carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide and ammonium chloride is (0.45-0.52) g: (0.58-0.67) g: (0.61-0.67) g: (5-7.5) mL: (20-30) mL, the high temperature stirring reaction temperature is 100-110° C., and the stirring time is 20-24 h.

9. The method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S2, the usage ratio of intermediate A, N,N-dimethylformamide, sodium hydride and iodomethane is (0.25-0.33) g: (3-5) mL: (0.002-0.005) g: (0.004-0.006) g. After adding sodium hydride for 10-15 min, iodomethane is added and stirring is continued for 10-12 h. The mixture is washed with a saturated sodium chloride solution and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.

10. The method for rapid planting and propagation using asexual propagules of perennial leguminous forage grasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, during the planting process, the row spacing is 40-45 cm, the plant spacing is 30-32.5 cm, 5500-6000 plants / mu, and the soil is covered to 1-2 cm above the bud eyes. During the irrigation process, drip irrigation is performed 2-3 times a week.

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