Traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving uniformity of chicks as well as preparation method and application of traditional Chinese medicine additive

Abstract

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving uniformity of chicks and a preparation method and application of the traditional Chinese medicine additive, the traditional Chinese medicine additive is prepared from fermented liquorice and a kudzuvine root vine and leaf extract, and the mass ratio of the fermented liquorice to the kudzuvine root vine and leaf extract is 3: (0.2-0.3). The fermented liquorice is obtained by fermenting liquorice, saccharomycetes, cellulase and water and drying, and the fermented liquorice is rich in liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin. According to the feed disclosed by the invention, the fermented liquorice and the kudzu vine leaf extract are synergistically used, so that the uniformity of the chicks is remarkably improved, and the uniformity of the chicks reaches 93.60% and 95.77% respectively in the fourth week and the sixth week after the chicks are fed. And secondly, the traditional Chinese medicine additive prepared by the invention has an improvement effect on reducing the death and culling rate of the chicks and increasing the weight of the chicks, and has relatively good practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine for chick feeding, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving the uniformity of chicks, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Weight is one of the important indicators for measuring the growth and development of reserve chickens. Different types of chickens have their standard weights. Chickens that meet the standard weight indicate normal growth and development, good egg-laying performance in the future, and high feed returns. Chickens that are overweight and overfat have poor sexual function, low egg production, and high mortality; chickens that are too light indicate that their growth and development are not sound and that egg production is poor. Therefore, during the brooding and rearing stage, it is necessary to frequently check the weight uniformity of the flock to detect their growth and development. Chick uniformity refers to the uniformity of weight between individuals in a flock, also known as uniformity. Chick uniformity = number of chickens within ±10% of average weight ÷ number of weighed chickens × 100%. Chick uniformity has an important impact on later egg production and egg quality. If the chick uniformity is poor, it will lead to a decrease in egg production and egg quality, thus affecting the breeding benefits.

[0003] At present, licorice has been included in the list of 115 kinds of natural plant raw materials that can be used for feeding, and it is clearly stated that it can be directly added to livestock and poultry feed. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza) is the dried root and rhizome of the leguminous plants Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat., or Glycyrrhiza glabra L., which are harvested in spring and autumn. Licorice has the functions of tonifying the middle and replenishing qi, removing phlegm and relieving cough, detoxifying, relieving pain, and alleviating medicinal properties. It is widely used in clinical Chinese medicine. In practice, licorice is generally mixed directly with livestock and poultry feed to enhance the disease resistance of feed and improve the immunity of chickens; or licorice extract is used as a feed additive to enhance the nutritional content of feed, improve the growth and development of chickens, and improve the meat quality of chickens. Among them, the role of licorice in chicken feed is as follows: ① Improve the taste of feed, increase appetite, promote chickens' appetite and digestion and absorption, thereby improving feed utilization; ② Licorice contains a variety of biologically active ingredients, which can enhance the antibacterial and disease resistance of feed and reduce the incidence of diseases in chickens; ③ Promote the growth and development of chickens, enhance the muscle tissue and bone development of chickens, and increase the weight and egg production rate of chickens; ④ Improve the immunity of chickens, enhance their disease resistance, reduce the mortality rate of chickens, and improve the health level of chickens.

[0004] The main active ingredients of licorice are liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid. At present, the above functions are mainly achieved in chicken feed through liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid. Among them, liquiritin has the effect of lowering blood pressure and can be used to assist in the treatment of diseases such as hypertension, thereby promoting recovery from the disease. Glycyrrhizic acid has certain biological activity, inhibits the growth of bacteria and viruses, and plays anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and immunomodulatory effects, which can reduce inflammatory reactions. On the other hand, licorice also contains relatively low levels of glycyrrhizin and isoliquiritigenin. Glycyrrhizin is a dihydroflavonoid monomer compound, which is a white needle-shaped crystal with a molecular formula of C 15 H 12 O4, molecular weight 256.25, has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, liver protection, detoxification and immune enhancement effects, and is used clinically to treat various chronic hepatitis and liver fibrosis, and can also be used in cosmetics for skin whitening. Isoliquiritigenin has anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other effects, has good therapeutic effects in anti-tumor and AIDS inhibition, and can also be used as a cosmetic adjuvant, food additive, etc. Therefore, how to increase the content of liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin in licorice has become a research hotspot. For example, the existing Chinese patent CN202010027619.7 discloses a process for increasing the content of liquiritigenin, which is made of licorice as a raw material and fermented by yeast. It can be found that the content of liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin in the licorice fermented product obtained by the patented fermentation process is significantly increased. After the same quality of licorice materials is fermented by the specific process of the present invention, the content of liquiritigenin is increased by more than 30 times. The fermentation process of the present invention has low cost, simple operation, and easy large-scale production, and has broad application prospects in the preparation of licorice products with high liquiritigenin content.

[0005] Secondly, Pueraria root is the dried root of Pueraria lobata, a plant of the Leguminosae family. Pueraria root vines and leaves are the dried vines and leaves of Pueraria root. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the Chinese Veterinary Pharmacopoeia stipulate that the medicinal part of Pueraria root is the dried root of Pueraria root, which has the effects of releasing the body, relieving muscles, raising yang, clearing rashes, and promoting body fluid. The chemical components of the roots and vines of Pueraria root vary greatly in type and content, so their functions are also different. Pueraria root vines and leaves have the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, dispelling wind and relieving pain, promoting diuresis and reducing swelling, promoting body fluid and quenching thirst, and promoting blood circulation. In the field of breeding, Pueraria root vines and leaves are a common feed, mainly composed of nutrients such as protein, crude fiber, ash, calcium, and phosphorus. The high crude fiber content of Pueraria root vines and leaves can promote the digestion and absorption of poultry, increase excretion, enhance the adaptability of poultry to coarse grains, and also enhance the adaptability of poultry to coarse grains; Pueraria root vines and leaves are rich in various trace elements, which help promote the growth and development of poultry. However, the crude protein content of Pueraria lobata vine leaves is low, only 8%-12%, and lacks amino acids, which has little effect on the growth and development of poultry; the calcium and phosphorus content of Pueraria lobata vine leaves is low and cannot meet the comprehensive nutritional needs of poultry; excessive Pueraria lobata vine leaves can cause indigestion and other problems in poultry.

[0006] In the prior art, licorice and kudzu root are used in combination, wherein glycyrrhizic acid can increase the solubility and transdermal rate of puerarin, and the presence of glycyrrhizic acid can change the action characteristics of cell membranes, thus explaining the "drug-adjuvant combination" of licorice ([1] Luo Limin, Zhang Shichang, Li Guofeng. Exploring the action characteristics of licorice "drug-adjuvant combination" by combining licorice and kudzu root [J]. Today's Pharmacy, 2024 (5).). For example: In the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia of Veterinary Medicine", extracts of kudzu root, eucommia bark, astragalus and licorice are added to feed to achieve the purpose of detoxification and liver protection. Among them, kudzu root: relieves muscles and reduces fever, promotes fluid and quenches thirst, clears rashes, and raises yang and stops diarrhea; eucommia bark: nourishes the liver and kidneys, strengthens tendons and bones; astragalus bark: nourishes qi and raises yang, strengthens the body's defense system, promotes diuresis and reduces swelling, removes toxins and discharges pus, and heals sores and regenerates muscles; licorice: nourishes the spleen and replenishes qi, removes phlegm and relieves cough, harmonizes the middle and relieves urgency, detoxifies, and harmonizes various drugs. However, adding extracts of liquorice and kudzu root and liquorice and kudzu vine leaves to the feed had little effect on improving chick uniformity. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving the uniformity of chicks, and a preparation method and application thereof, by synergistically using fermented licorice whose main components are liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin and kudzu vine leaf extract, the uniformity of chicks can be significantly improved.

[0008] The present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: A traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving the uniformity of chicks, which is composed of fermented licorice and kudzu root vine leaf extract, and the mass ratio of the fermented licorice to the kudzu root vine leaf extract is 3: (0.2-0.3).

[0009] In order to better realize the present invention, further, the fermented licorice is 3kg and the kudzu vine leaf extract is 200g-300g.

[0010] The present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving the uniformity of chicks comprises the following steps: Step S1: fermenting and drying liquorice, yeast, cellulase and water to obtain fermented liquorice, the fermentation temperature is 25-28°C, and the fermentation time is 2-3 days; the mass ratio of liquorice, cellulase, water and yeast is 10kg: (7-9)g: (5.5-6.5)kg: (30-40)g; Step S2: adding water to the dried kudzu root vine leaves, decocting twice, each time for 1 hour, combining the decoctions, concentrating under reduced pressure and drying to obtain a kudzu root vine leaf extract; Step S3: Mix the fermented licorice prepared in step S1 and the kudzu vine leaf extract prepared in step S2 in a mass ratio of 3:(0.2-0.3) for later use.

[0011] In order to better realize the present invention, further, in the step S1, 10 kg of licorice, 40 g of yeast, 8 g of cellulase, and 6 kg of water are fermented and dried to prepare fermented licorice, the fermentation temperature is 28° C., and the fermentation time is 3 days.

[0012] In order to better implement the present invention, further, in step S1, the licorice is ultrafinely ground to 300 mesh and sterilized at 100° C. for 30 minutes.

[0013] A traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving the uniformity of chicks is prepared by adopting the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0014] For example, the application of a Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks is to add the Chinese medicinal additive to poultry feed.

[0015] In order to better realize the present invention, further, the traditional Chinese medicine additive is added to the poultry feed at 3kg / ton-3.5kg / ton.

[0016] As mentioned above, a traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving the uniformity of chicks is used to reduce the mortality rate of chicks.

[0017] As mentioned above, a traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving the uniformity of chicks is used to increase the weight of chicks.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses fermented licorice and kudzu vine leaf extract in synergy, wherein the prepared fermented licorice is rich in licorice and isoliquiritigenin, and the kudzu vine leaf is rich in various trace elements, which helps to promote the growth and development of poultry. The present invention significantly improves the uniformity of chicks. In the 4th week and the 6th week after feeding, the uniformity of chicks reaches 93.60% and 95.77% respectively. Secondly, the Chinese medicine additive prepared by the present invention has an improvement effect on reducing the mortality rate of chicks and increasing the weight of chicks. After continuous administration for 28 days, the mortality rate of chicks can be significantly reduced, only one chick died, and the net weight of the chicks increased by 486.96g, which is 5.7% higher than that of the control group 1. Secondly, the alkaloids and flavonoids in the kudzu vine leaves can inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria such as bacteria and viruses, dilate blood vessels, and improve blood circulation; the glycoside compounds in the kudzu vine leaves can stimulate the secretion of salivary glands, thereby producing the effect of promoting body fluid and quenching thirst. The main components of the fermented liquorice are liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin, which have good anti-inflammatory, antiviral, liver-protecting, detoxifying and immune-enhancing effects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Embodiment 1: A traditional Chinese medicine additive for improving the uniformity of chicks, which is composed of fermented licorice and kudzu root vine leaf extract, and the mass ratio of the fermented licorice to the kudzu root vine leaf extract is 3: (0.2-0.3).

[0020] The preparation method of fermented licorice is as follows: take 10 kg of licorice ultrafine powder, sterilize at high temperature of 100°C for 30 minutes; then add 8 g of cellulase, 6 kg of water, and 40 g of yeast, mix evenly, place at 28°C for fermentation for 72 hours, and dry to obtain powder for use. Specifically, the licorice ultrafine powder is provided by Minxian Chinese Medicinal Materials Co., Ltd. and is used after passing the inspection. The particle size of the licorice ultrafine powder is 300 meshes.

[0021] The preparation method of the kudzu root vine leaf extract is as follows: kudzu root vine leaves are collected in September, 1 kg of dried kudzu root vine leaves are taken, 20 kg of water is added, and the decocted twice, each time for 1 hour, the decoctions are combined, and the extracts are concentrated under reduced pressure and dried.

[0022] The preparation method of Pueraria root extract is as follows: take 1 kg of Pueraria root medicinal material, add 20 kg of water, decoct twice, each time for 1 hour, combine the decoctions, concentrate under reduced pressure and dry to obtain.

[0023] 1.1 Set up experimental group 1-implementation group 3 and control group, control group 1, control group 2, control group 3, and control group 4 respectively: Experimental group 1: Take 3kg of fermented licorice, add 300g of Pueraria lobata leaf extract (calculated based on the dry Pueraria lobata leaf medicinal material, containing 3kg of Pueraria lobata leaf), stir and mix evenly, and add to the feed at 3.3kg / ton.

[0024] Experimental group 2: Take 3kg of fermented licorice, add 200g of Pueraria lobata leaf extract (calculated based on the dry Pueraria lobata leaf, containing 2kg of Pueraria lobata leaf), stir and mix evenly, and add to the feed at 3.2kg / ton.

[0025] Experimental group 3: Take 3kg of fermented licorice, add 100g of Pueraria lobata leaf extract (calculated based on the dry Pueraria lobata leaf, containing 1kg of Pueraria lobata leaf), stir and mix evenly, and add to the feed at 3.1kg / ton.

[0026] Control group 1: No Chinese medicine additives were added and the mice were fed with normal feed.

[0027] Control group 2: 10 kg of ultrafine licorice powder was used and added to the feed at 3 kg / ton.

[0028] Control group 3: Take 3 kg of fermented licorice and add it to the feed at 3 kg / ton.

[0029] Control group 4: Take 3kg of fermented licorice, add 200g of Pueraria root extract (calculated based on the dry Pueraria root, containing 2kg of Pueraria root), stir and mix evenly, and add to the feed at 3.2kg / ton.

[0030] 1.2 Experimental animals and drug administration 6440 one-day-old Hy-Line grey chicks from Sichuan Houquan Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd. were selected and divided into 7 groups, 920 in each group, namely experimental groups 1 to 3 and control groups 1 to 4. The drugs were administered continuously for 28 days, and control group 1 did not receive any drug.

[0031] 1.3 Observation indicators 1.3.1 Determination of mortality rate: Record the mortality rate every day and continue to observe and record for 14 days after the end of medication.

[0032] 1.3.2 Uniformity determination: 20% of the chickens in each group are randomly weighed, uniformity = number of chickens within ±10% of the average weight ÷ number of weighed chickens × 100%. 10% of the group to be weighed is sampled.

[0033] 1.3.3 Determination of average weight gain effect: After the end of the experiment (28th day) and 14 days after the end (42nd day), each experimental group and the control group were weighed and the average body weight (g) was calculated.

[0034] 1.4 The test results are as follows: 1.4.1 Impact on chick mortality rate As shown in Table 1, after continuous administration for 28 days and continuous observation for 42 days, the cumulative mortality rate of chicks in test groups 1 to 3 was significantly reduced, among which the high-dose test group 1 had the best effect, with only one death. There was no significant difference in the cumulative mortality rate between control group 1 and control group 2, indicating that feeding feed containing ordinary licorice herbs could not significantly reduce the cumulative mortality rate of chicks. The cumulative mortality rate of control group 3 was lower than that of control group 1 and control group 2, indicating that the efficacy of fermented licorice was higher than that of ordinary licorice; while in control group 4, fermented licorice and kudzu root extract did not produce a promoting effect, but instead produced side effects. By comparing test groups 1 to 3, it was further found that high doses of fermented licorice and kudzu vine leaf extracts can significantly improve the cumulative mortality rate of chicks in chick feeding applications; by comparing test groups 2 and 4, it was found that fermented licorice and kudzu vine leaf extracts produced a synergistic promoting effect in reducing the cumulative mortality rate, and although fermented licorice and kudzu root extracts also reduced the cumulative mortality rate, this promoting effect reduced the effect of using fermented licorice alone. Therefore, it can be seen that kudzu root extract has a compromised effect on glycyrrhizin and isoliquiritigenin, while kudzu vine leaf extract has a promoting effect on glycyrrhizin and isoliquiritigenin.

[0035] Table 1 1.4.2 Effect on chick uniformity As shown in Table 2, the uniformity of chicks can be significantly improved in experimental groups 1 to 3, among which the high-dose experimental group 1 has the best effect. The uniformity of experimental group 1 in the 4th and 6th weeks is 93.60% and 95.77%, respectively, while the uniformity of control group 1 in the 4th and 6th weeks is 83.69% and 82.60%, respectively. At the same time, by comparing control groups 1 to 4, it was found that the addition of ordinary licorice herbs could not significantly improve the uniformity of chicks, and the long-term addition of ordinary licorice herbs would reduce the uniformity of chicks. The addition of fermented licorice and the addition of kudzu root extract and fermented licorice can improve the uniformity of chicks, but the effect is minimal; and the addition of kudzu root extract has almost no promoting effect on fermented licorice.

[0036] Table 2 1.4.3 Effect on chick weight As shown in Table 3, after continuous administration for 28 days and continuous observation for 42 days, the experimental groups 1 to 3 were able to significantly increase the weight of the chicks, among which the high-dose experimental group 1 had the best effect. The net weight increase of the chicks in the experimental group 1 was 486.96g and the average daily weight gain was 11.59g / day, while the net weight increase of the chicks in the control group 1 was 460.47g and the average daily weight gain was 10.96g / day. Compared with the control group 1, the average daily weight gain of the experimental group 1 increased by 5.7%. At the same time, by comparing the control groups 1 to 4, it was found that the long-term addition of ordinary licorice herbs would reduce the weight of the chicks. The addition of fermented licorice and the addition of kudzu root extract and fermented licorice could improve the uniformity of the chicks, but the effect was minimal; and the addition of kudzu root extract had almost no promoting effect on fermented licorice.

[0037] Table 3 The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks, characterized in that: It is composed of fermented licorice and kudzu vine leaf extract, and the mass ratio of fermented licorice to kudzu vine leaf extract is 3: (0.2-0.3).

2. A Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermented licorice is 3kg, and the kudzu vine leaf extract is 200g-300g.

3. A method for preparing a Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: fermenting and drying liquorice, yeast, cellulase and water to obtain fermented liquorice, the fermentation temperature is 25-28°C, and the fermentation time is 2-3 days; the mass ratio of liquorice, cellulase, water and yeast is 10kg: (7-9)g: (5.5-6.5)kg: (30-40)g; Step S2: adding water to the dried kudzu root vine leaves, decocting twice, each time for 1 hour, combining the decoctions, concentrating under reduced pressure and drying to obtain a kudzu root vine leaf extract; Step S3: Mix the fermented licorice prepared in step S1 and the kudzu vine leaf extract prepared in step S2 in a mass ratio of 3:(0.2-0.3) for later use.

4. A method for preparing a Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the step S1, 10 kg of licorice, 40 g of yeast, 8 g of cellulase, and 6 kg of water are fermented and dried to prepare fermented licorice, the fermentation temperature is 28° C., and the fermentation time is 3 days.

5. A method for preparing a Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the step S1, the licorice is ultra-finely ground to 300 meshes and sterilized at 100° C. for 30 minutes.

6. A Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks, characterized in that: The method is prepared by any one of claims 3 to 5.

7. The application of a Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 6, characterized in that: Add the Chinese medicinal additive to poultry feed.

8. The use of a Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The traditional Chinese medicine additive is added to poultry feed at 3kg / ton-3.5kg / ton.

9. A Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks as described in claim 1, 2 or 6 is used to reduce the mortality rate of chicks.

10. A Chinese medicinal additive for improving the uniformity of chicks as described in claim 1, 2 or 6 is used to increase the weight of chicks.

Images