Nail abutting seat, switching tool and surgical instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to a nail abutting seat, a switching tool and a surgical instrument, the nail abutting seat comprises a nail abutting base and a swing part, the swing part is connected to the nail abutting base and can swing relative to the nail abutting base, so that the swing part can be switched between an initial position and at least one swing position relative to the nail abutting base; wherein the initial position is at least used for tissue separation and blood vessel dissociation, and the swing position is used for tissue collection and separation; the limiting structure comprises a first limiting part arranged on the nail abutting base and a second limiting part arranged on the swing part, and the swing part can be at least kept at the initial position or the swing position under the cooperation effect of the first limiting part and the second limiting part. The swinging piece swings at different positions relative to the nail abutting base, consumables do not need to be increased, the same nail abutting base can be used for achieving separation, dissociation or collection and other operation on tissue or blood vessels, and the types and cost of instruments are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to an anvil, a switching tool and a surgical instrument. Background Art

[0002] Taking the use of surgical instruments in the abdominal cavity as an example, due to the limitation of operating space, the operation of the instruments is relatively inflexible. Especially when doctors are freeing blood vessels, they need to use instruments with a certain curvature at the end of the instrument, which makes it easier for doctors to lift the blood vessels and separate them from other tissues.

[0003] However, there are not many opportunities to use instruments with curved ends, and doctors often still use straight instruments. In order to adapt to these two application scenarios, during surgery, doctors switch between instruments with straight ends and instruments with curved ends. For example, when separation operations are not required, straight-end instruments are used, and when separation operations are required, instruments with curved ends are replaced. Alternatively, a curved end separation piece is added to the end of the straight-end instrument, and when separation operations are required, a curved end separation piece is added to the end of the straight-end instrument; when separation operations are not required, the end separation piece is removed. No matter which of the above two solutions is adopted, a consumable will be added, resulting in a larger increase in medical costs compared to the original straight-end machinery. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a dowel seat, a switching tool and a surgical instrument to solve at least one problem existing in the background technology. By utilizing the swinging of a swinging member relative to the dowel base at different positions, different operations such as separation, release or retraction of tissues or blood vessels can be achieved using the same dowel seat without adding consumables, thereby reducing the types and costs of instruments.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present application provides an anvil, the anvil comprising:

[0007] Anvil base;

[0008] a swinging member connected to the anvil base and swingable relative to the anvil base, so that the swinging member can switch between an initial position and at least one swinging position relative to the anvil base; wherein the initial position is at least used for separation of tissues and freeing of blood vessels, and the swinging position is used for contraction and separation of tissues;

[0009] The limiting structure includes a first limiting portion arranged on the nail base and a second limiting portion arranged on the swinging member. Under the cooperation of the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion, the swinging member can at least remain in the initial position or the swinging position.

[0010] Optionally, the anvil seat further includes: a connecting shaft, and the swing member is swingably connected to the anvil base via the connecting shaft.

[0011] Optionally, the swinging position includes at least two, and during the swinging process, the swinging member can also switch between at least two of the swinging positions relative to the anvil base.

[0012] Optionally, the position of the swinging member is different, and the angle between the swinging member and the anvil base is also different.

[0013] Optionally, the first limiting portion includes a limiting protrusion, the second limiting portion includes a limiting groove, one limiting protrusion corresponds to at least two limiting grooves, and one limiting protrusion can be inserted into the limiting grooves at different positions to switch the swinging member to different positions; or,

[0014] The first limiting portion includes a limiting groove, and the second limiting portion includes a limiting protrusion. One limiting groove corresponds to at least two limiting protrusions, and the limiting protrusions at different positions can be inserted into the limiting groove to switch the swinging member to different positions.

[0015] Optionally, the limiting protrusion is located at one end of the anvil base;

[0016] At least two of the limiting grooves are located at the end of the swinging member opposite to the anvil base, and are spaced around the swinging center of the swinging member;

[0017] Under the action of external force, the limiting grooves at different positions are engaged with the limiting protrusions, so that the swing member switches between the initial position and at least one swing position, or so that the swing member switches between at least two swing positions.

[0018] Optionally, the anvil further comprises:

[0019] An elastic member is located between the anvil base and the swing member so that the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove form an elastic snap connection.

[0020] Optionally, the first limiting portion includes a limiting shaft, and the second limiting portion includes a limiting hole, or the first limiting portion includes a limiting hole, and the second limiting portion includes a limiting shaft;

[0021] One of the limiting shafts is inserted into one of the limiting holes, and the limiting hole includes at least two engaging holes. When the limiting shaft moves in the limiting hole, it can be engaged with the engaging holes at different positions, so that the swinging member can be switched to different positions.

[0022] Optionally, the limiting hole further includes a shrinkage hole located between two adjacent clamping hole positions, and the two adjacent clamping hole positions are connected through the shrinkage hole position;

[0023] The inner diameter of the shrinkage hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking hole, so as to limit the switching of the limiting shaft between different locking holes.

[0024] Optionally, the limiting shaft is interference fit with the shrinkage hole.

[0025] Optionally, at least two of the limiting shafts are respectively provided on both sides of one end of the anvil base, and at least two of the limiting holes are respectively provided on both sides of one end of the swinging member opposite to the anvil base.

[0026] Optionally, the limiting hole is a blind hole or a through hole, and part of the side wall of the blind hole or the through hole is shrunk to form the shrunk hole position.

[0027] Optionally, the limiting hole is a waist-shaped hole.

[0028] Optionally, the limiting hole is a blind hole, the limiting shaft is inserted into the limiting hole through the opening of the blind hole, the bottom hole wall of the blind hole has a protrusion protruding toward the opening direction, and the protrusion and the side wall of the blind hole together form the shrinkage hole position.

[0029] Optionally, the anvil seat further comprises: a deformable covering member, which covers the outer side of the connection between the swinging member and the anvil base and deforms with the swinging of the swinging member.

[0030] Optionally, the covering member includes a silicone sleeve that is sleeved at the connection between the swinging member and the anvil base.

[0031] A second aspect of the present application provides a switching tool, the switching tool comprising:

[0032] Tool body;

[0033] A coupling portion is provided on the tool body, and the coupling portion is used to connect with the swinging piece of the dowel seat described in any embodiment of the first aspect to drive the swinging piece to swing.

[0034] Optionally, the engaging portion includes a receiving groove for receiving at least a portion of the swinging member.

[0035] A third aspect of the present application provides a surgical instrument, comprising: the dowel seat described in any embodiment of the first aspect; and / or the switching tool described in any embodiment of the second aspect.

[0036] The anvil provided in the embodiment of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The anvil is divided into two parts: an anvil base and a swingable swinging member. The swinging member can be switched between an initial position and at least one swinging position relative to the anvil base. When the tissue needs to be gathered or separated, the swinging member can be swung to a swinging position. When the swinging member is reset to the initial position, the anvil can separate tissues and free blood vessels like an instrument in a straight state. Moreover, the swinging member is connected to the anvil base, which means that the swinging member switches positions while remaining connected to the anvil base. There is no need to increase consumables. Different operations such as separation, freeing or gathering can be achieved using the same anvil, thereby reducing the types and costs of instruments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the anvil when the swing member is in the initial position in some embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the anvil when the swing member is in one of the swing positions in some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a top view of the nail support when the swing member is in the initial position in one implementation of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of A1 in the middle;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the front end of the nail support when the swing member of the first embodiment of the present application is in one of the swing positions;

[0045] Figure 7This is a structural schematic diagram of a nail support base according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the front end of the middle anvil base;

[0047] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a swing member in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0048] Fig.10 This is a top view of the nail support when the swing member is in the initial position in another implementation of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Cross-section at the middle BB;

[0050] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Cross-section at CC;

[0051] Fig.13 for Fig.11 The enlarged view of A2 in the middle;

[0052] Fig.14 for Fig.12 A3 in the middle is an enlarged view;

[0053] Fig.15 A top view of the nail support when the swing member of the second embodiment of the present application is in the initial position;

[0054] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Cross-section at DD;

[0055] Fig.17 for Fig.15 Cross-section at EE;

[0056] Fig.18 for Fig.16 A4 in the middle is the enlarged picture;

[0057] Fig.19 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the nail support when the swing member of the second embodiment of the present application is in one of the swing positions;

[0058] Fig. 20 for Fig.17 A5 in the middle is an enlarged view;

[0059] Fig.21 Another partial cross-sectional view of the nail support when the swing member of the second embodiment of the present application is in one of the swing positions;

[0060] Fig. 22 The connection between the anvil base and the swing member is different from Fig.19 Another perspective cross-sectional view of;

[0061] Fig.23 The swing member is in one of the swing positions and Fig. 22 A cross-sectional view of the local structure of the connection between the anvil base and the swing member at approximately the same viewing angle;

[0062] Fig.24 This is a structural schematic diagram of a nail support base according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Fig.25 for Fig.24 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the front end of the middle anvil base;

[0064] Fig.26 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing member in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Fig. 27 This is a top view of the nail support when the swing member of the third embodiment of the present application is in the initial position;

[0066] Fig.28 for Fig. 27 Cross-section at FF;

[0067] Fig.29 for Fig. 27 Cross-section at GG;

[0068] Fig.30 for Fig.29 A6 enlarged view;

[0069] Fig.31 for Fig.29 Cross-section at HH;

[0070] Fig.32 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the front end of the nail base in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Fig.33 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing member of the third embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Fig.34 This is a front view of the assembled switching tool and the anvil according to the third embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Fig.35 for Fig.34 Sectional view at II;

[0074] Fig.36 for Fig.34 A partial view of the cross section at JJ in the middle;

[0075] Fig.37 for Fig.36 Cross-section at KK;

[0076] Fig.38 for Fig.36 A7 in the middle is an enlarged view;

[0077] Fig.39 A partial structural cross-sectional view of the anvil in yet another optional implementation of the first embodiment;

[0078] Fig.40 for Fig.39 A cross-sectional view of the middle anvil from another perspective.

[0079] Description of reference numerals:

[0080] 100, anvil seat; 110, anvil base; 111, receiving groove; 120, swinging member; 121, arc surface; 122, hole; 130, covering member; 140, limiting structure; 141, limiting protrusion; 142, limiting groove; 143, convex part; 144, limiting shaft; 145, limiting hole; 1451, snap-fit ​​hole position; 1452, shrinkage hole position; 1453, opening; 146, protrusion; 150, connecting shaft; 160, elastic member; 200, switching tool; 210, receiving groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] In order to make the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understandable, the following is a detailed description by listing specific embodiments. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and local features may be enlarged or reduced to more clearly show the details of the local features; unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0082] In the description of the present invention, the terms "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of simplified description of the present invention, and do not indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0083] In the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for the purpose of clear description and cannot be understood as the relative importance of the indicated features or the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc.

[0084] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", "fixed", "set" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0085] Example 1

[0086] Combination Figures 1 to 14 ,as well as Fig.39 and Fig.40 The dowel seat 100 of the present embodiment is introduced as an example.

[0087] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the anvil seat 100 of this embodiment includes: an anvil base 110 and a swinging member 120, the swinging member 120 is connected to the anvil base 110 and can swing relative to the anvil base 110, so that the swinging member 120 can swing relative to the anvil base 110. Figure 1 The initial position and Figure 2 The swinging positions shown are switchable; wherein the initial position is used for at least one of tissue separation and blood vessel release, and the swinging position is used for at least one of tissue contraction and separation; the limiting structure 140 includes a first limiting portion arranged on the pin base 110, and a second limiting portion arranged on the swinging member 120. Under the cooperation of the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion, the swinging member 120 can at least maintain the initial position or the swinging position.

[0088] The swing positions can be one, two, three or more. Figure 2 Only one of the pivot positions is shown by way of example.

[0089] It is understandable that although both the initial position and the swing position have the function of separating tissues, the specific scenarios in which the two are applicable for separation may be different.

[0090] When the swing member 120 is in the initial position, the anvil 100 has the same or substantially the same function as the existing straight end instrument. Compared with the initial position, when the swing member 120 is in the swing position, the angle between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 is smaller. In other words, when the swing member 120 swings to the swing position, the bending degree of the front end of the anvil 100 is greater, which can better perform the separation or retraction operation of the tissue.

[0091] The limiting effect of the limiting structure 140 can keep the swing member 120 at a desired position, preventing the swing member 120 from switching its position undesirably. The swing member 120 can switch its position only after the external force overcomes the limiting effect of the limiting structure 140 .

[0092] The anvil 100 is divided into two parts, namely, an anvil base 110 and a swingable swinging member 120, and the overall length of the anvil 100 does not increase. For example, when the swinging member 120 is in the initial position, the length of the anvil 100 is approximately 100-105 mm, and the width is approximately 10-12 mm. In a specific example, the length of the anvil 100 is approximately 104 mm, and the width is approximately 12 mm.

[0093] like Fig. 9 As shown, the swing member 120 has a concave arc surface 121, and the width gradually decreases toward the front end. When in the swing position, the front end of the swing member 120 can pass through the gap between the target tissue and other tissues to achieve separation or collection of tissues.

[0094] By utilizing the switchable characteristic of the swinging member 120 between the initial position and at least one swinging position relative to the anvil base 110, when the separation or retraction of tissue is required, the swinging member 120 is swung to the swinging position; after the swinging member 120 is reset to the initial position, the anvil base 100 can perform tissue separation and blood vessel freeing operations like existing instruments in a straight state. Moreover, the swinging member 120 is connected to the anvil base 110, which means that the swinging member 120 switches its position while remaining connected to the anvil base 110, without adding consumables, and using the same anvil base 100, different operations such as separation, freeing or retraction of tissues or blood vessels can be achieved, thereby reducing the types and costs of instruments.

[0095] For example, the limiting structure 140 may include but is not limited to a clamping structure. For example, it may also be implemented by a ratchet pawl, an electric limiting structure, and the like.

[0096] The switching of the position of the swing member 120 includes: the swing member 120 can be switched between the initial position and any swing position, and, when the swing position includes at least two, the swing member 120 can also switch between at least two swing positions relative to the nail base 110 during the swinging process.

[0097] In some optional embodiments, the position of the swing member 120 is different, and the angle between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 is also different.

[0098] contrast Figure 1 and Figure 2When the swing member 120 is in the initial position, the angle between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 is greater than the angle between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 when the swing member 120 is in any swing position.

[0099] When the swing position includes at least two, the swing member 120 is in different swing positions, and the angles between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 are also different. In this way, by swinging the swing member 120, the bending degree of the front end of the anvil 100 can be adjusted to adapt to the separation of tissues in different situations, which is not only more convenient to operate and use, but also further expands the function of the anvil 100.

[0100] The swinging member 120 and the anvil base 110 can be swung by means of a hinge connection, an axis connection, or a flexible component connection. However, this is not limited to this. The following is a detailed description using an axis connection as an example:

[0101] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the anvil 100 also includes a connecting shaft 150, and the swing member 120 is swingably connected to the anvil base 110 via the connecting shaft 150.

[0102] The swing member 120 swings around the connecting shaft 150 .

[0103] In some implementations, the connecting shaft 150 and the anvil base 110 are an integral component, and the swing member 120 is provided with a notch or a Fig. 9 The hole 122 is shown configured to mate with the connecting shaft 150 .

[0104] In some other implementations, the connecting shaft 150 and the anvil base 110 are two separate components, and the connecting shaft 150 and the swinging member 120 are an integrated component. After the anvil base 110 and the connecting shaft 150 are assembled, the swinging member 120 can swing relative to the anvil base 110.

[0105] In some other implementations, the connecting shaft 150 , the anvil base 110 , and the swinging member 120 are three independent components. The connecting shaft 150 can be assembled after the anvil base 110 and the swinging member 120 are assembled.

[0106] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first limiting portion includes a limiting protrusion 141, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the second limiting portion includes a limiting groove 142, and one limiting protrusion 141 corresponds to at least two limiting grooves 142. One limiting protrusion 141 can be inserted into the limiting grooves 142 at different positions to switch the swing member 120 to different positions.

[0107] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The anvil base 110 is exemplarily shown to be provided with a limiting protrusion 141, and the swing member 120 is provided with two limiting grooves 142. Figure 5 As shown, when the limiting protrusion 141 is inserted into one of the limiting grooves 142, the swing member 120 is in the initial position, the angle between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 is large, and the bending degree of the front end of the anvil base 100 is small. Figure 6 As shown, when the limiting protrusion 141 is inserted into another limiting groove 142, the swinging member 120 is in a swinging position, the angle between the swinging member 120 and the anvil base 110 becomes smaller, and the bending degree of the front end of the anvil base 100 increases.

[0108] In some other optional embodiments, the number of limiting grooves corresponding to one limiting protrusion 141 can be expanded to three, four or more, so that in addition to the initial position, the swing member 120 can also switch between at least two swing positions.

[0109] It is understandable that the number of the limiting protrusions 141 is not limited to one, but may be two or more.

[0110] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the limiting protrusion 141 is located at one end of the anvil base 110; Fig. 9 As shown, at least two limit grooves 142 are located at the opposite end of the swing member 120 and the pin base 110, and are spaced around the swing center of the swing member 120; under the action of external force, the limit grooves 142 at different positions are engaged with the limit protrusions 141, so that the swing member 120 switches between the initial position and at least one swing position, or so that the swing member 120 switches between at least two swing positions.

[0111] As can be seen from the figure, the limiting protrusion 141 is located at the front end of the anvil base 110. The "front end" refers to the end away from the operator (usually a doctor) and closer to the tissue. The "rear end" refers to the other end close to the operator and farther away from the tissue.

[0112] The swing center here can be understood as the axis center of the connecting shaft 150.

[0113] from Fig. 9 It can be seen that a "protrusion 143" is formed between two adjacent limit grooves 142. When the limit protrusion 141 moves from one limit groove 142 to another limit groove 142, it is necessary to cross the "protrusion 143", which makes it necessary to overcome a larger force for the position switching of the swing member 120, and can also provide a "sense of position" for the position switching operation, thereby improving the user experience.

[0114] In an embodiment not shown in the drawings of the present application, the limiting groove 142 can also be set on the anvil base 110, and the limiting protrusion 141 can be set on the swing member 120. Specifically, the first limiting portion includes a limiting groove, and the second limiting portion includes a limiting protrusion. One limiting groove corresponds to at least two limiting protrusions, and the limiting protrusions at different positions can be inserted into the limiting groove to switch the swing member 120 to different positions.

[0115] Figures 10 to 14 Another structure of the anvil 100 is illustrated.

[0116] In some optional embodiments, such as Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the anvil 100 further includes an elastic member 160 , which is located between the anvil base 110 and the swing member 120 , so that the limiting protrusion 141 and the limiting groove 142 form an elastic snap connection.

[0117] By adding the elastic member 160 , the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 can be brought into elastic contact at the joint, thereby achieving elastic snap connection between the two and improving the reliability and stability of the limiting structure 140 .

[0118] The elastic member 160 may be Fig.14 As shown, the elastic member 160 is fixed on the limiting protrusion 141 . Alternatively, the elastic member 160 can also be fixed in the limiting groove 142 .

[0119] In some optional implementations, such as Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the elastic member 160 may be a spring sheet.

[0120] In some alternative implementations, see Fig.39 and Fig.40 In the embodiment shown in the figure, the limiting protrusion 141 and the compression spring can be both located in the receiving groove 111 of the anvil base 110, and the compression spring surrounds the limiting protrusion 141, and during the swinging process of the swinging member 120, elastic contact is formed between the swinging member 120 and the limiting protrusion 141.

[0121] The specific form of the elastic member 160 is not limited to the above description.

[0122] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the anvil seat 100 also includes: a deformable covering member 130, which covers the outer side of the connection between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 and deforms with the swing of the swing member 120.

[0123] The covering member 130 is used to prevent tissue from entering the gap between the swinging member 120 and the anvil base 110, which would cause the swinging member 120 to be inflexible. The deformability of the covering member 130 can adapt to the swinging of the swinging member 120, so that it can be deformed synchronously with the swinging of the swinging member 120.

[0124] The coating member 130 is relatively thin, and may be specifically a coating film.

[0125] In some optional embodiments, the covering member 130 includes a silicone sleeve that is sleeved over the connection between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 .

[0126] In addition to the silicone material, the covering member 130 may also be made of other materials that are harmless to a living organism (such as a human body).

[0127] Example 2

[0128] This embodiment is the same as the first embodiment. The swinging member 120 is connected to the anvil base 110 and can swing relative to the anvil base 110, so that the swinging member 120 can switch between an initial position and at least one swinging position relative to the anvil base 110; the initial position is at least used for separation of tissues and freeing of blood vessels, and the swinging position is used for the collection and separation of tissues; under the action of the limiting structure 140, the swinging member 120 can at least remain in the initial position or the swinging position. Figures 15 to 26 As shown, the difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is mainly that:

[0129] The first limiting portion includes a limiting shaft 144 (such as Fig.25 ), the second limiting portion includes a limiting hole 145 (such as Fig.26 ),like Fig. 20 and Fig.21 As shown, a limiting shaft 144 is inserted into a limiting hole 145, and the limiting hole 145 includes at least two engaging holes 1451. When the limiting shaft 144 moves in the limiting hole 145, it can be inserted into the engaging holes 1451 at different positions to switch the swing member 120 to different positions.

[0130] Fig. 20 and 26 In the implementation shown, one limiting hole 145 includes two engaging holes 1451, and the limiting shaft 144 can move between the two engaging holes 1451. Fig. 20 As shown, when the limiting shaft 144 is inserted into one of the engaging holes 1451, the swing member 120 is in the initial position, the angle between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 is large, and the bending degree of the front end of the anvil base 100 is small. Fig.21As shown, when the limiting shaft 144 is inserted into another engaging hole 1451, the swinging member 120 is in a swinging position, the angle between the swinging member 120 and the anvil base 110 becomes smaller, and the bending degree of the front end of the anvil base 100 increases.

[0131] In some other optional embodiments, a limiting hole 145 may include three, four or more snap-fitting holes 1451 , so that, in addition to the initial position, the swing member 120 can also switch between at least two swing positions.

[0132] like Fig. 22 , Fig.23 and Fig.25 As shown, the limit shaft 144 and the anvil base 110 are an integrated component. In other embodiments, the limit shaft 144 and the anvil base 110 are two separate components, and the limit shaft 144 is fixed to the anvil base 110 by means of clamping, screws, bonding, etc. during use.

[0133] In an implementation not shown in the figure of the present application, the positions of the limiting hole 145 and the limiting shaft 144 are interchangeable. Specifically, the first limiting portion includes the limiting hole 145, and the second limiting portion includes the limiting shaft 144; one limiting shaft 144 is inserted into one limiting hole 145, and the limiting hole 145 includes at least two engaging holes 1451. When the limiting shaft 144 moves in the limiting hole 145, it can be inserted into the engaging holes 1451 at different positions, so that the swinging member 120 can be switched to different positions.

[0134] In some optional embodiments, such as Fig. 20 and Fig.26 As shown, the limiting hole 145 also includes a shrinkage hole position 1452 located between two adjacent locking hole positions 1451, and the two adjacent locking hole positions 1451 are connected through the shrinkage hole position 1452; the inner diameter of the shrinkage hole position 1452 is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking hole position 1451, so as to limit the switching of the limiting shaft 144 between different locking hole positions 1451.

[0135] When the limiting shaft 144 moves between the two engaging holes 1451, it needs to pass through the shrinking hole 1452. The shrinking hole 1452 has a smaller inner diameter than the engaging hole 1451, which provides a certain resistance to the limiting shaft 144, making it difficult for the limiting shaft 144 to move. A large force needs to be overcome to achieve the position switching of the swing member 120. The shrinking hole 1452 provides a "position sense" for the position switching of the swing member 120 and can effectively avoid unwanted position switching.

[0136] In some optional embodiments, the limiting shaft 144 and the shrinkage hole 1452 are interference fit.

[0137] Exemplarily, the inner diameter of the engaging hole 1451 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the limiting shaft 144 , and the inner diameter of the shrinking hole 1452 is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting shaft 144 .

[0138] In some optional embodiments, such as Fig. 20 , Fig.21 and Fig.25 As shown, two limiting shafts 144 are respectively disposed on both sides of one end of the anvil base 110. Fig. 20 , Fig.21 and Fig.26 As shown, two limiting holes 145 are respectively provided on both sides of one end of the swing member 120 opposite to the anvil base 110 .

[0139] The number of the limiting shafts 144 is at least two, and the number of the limiting holes 145 is also at least two. For example, in other implementations, the number of the limiting shafts 144 can also be three, four or more. Similarly, the number of the limiting holes 145 can also be three, four or more.

[0140] The cooperation of at least two limiting shafts 144 and at least two limiting holes 145 can improve the limiting effect on the swinging member 120, so that the swinging member 120 can be more firmly maintained at the desired position.

[0141] In this embodiment, the limiting shaft 144 is not located at the front end of the anvil base 110, but is located on both sides of the front end thereof, with at least two limiting shafts 144 being disposed on each side.

[0142] At least two limiting holes 145 are spaced apart and distributed substantially around the swing center of the swing member 120 .

[0143] In some optional embodiments, such as Fig.26 As shown, part of the side wall of the limiting hole 145 is contracted to form a contracted hole position 1452 .

[0144] If a limiting hole 145 includes two engaging holes 1451, such as Fig.26 As shown, the limiting hole 145 is a roughly waist-shaped hole. If a limiting hole 145 includes more than two clamping hole positions 1451, each two adjacent clamping hole positions 1451 and the shrinking hole position 1452 therebetween are combined to form a waist-shaped hole.

[0145] In this embodiment, the limiting hole 145 is a blind hole or a through hole.

[0146] Example 3

[0147] Embodiment 3 is the same as Embodiment 2, the swinging member 120 is connected to the anvil base 110 and can swing relative to the anvil base 110, so that the swinging member 120 can switch between an initial position and at least one swinging position relative to the anvil base 110; the initial position is at least used for separation of tissues and freeing of blood vessels, and the swinging position is used for the collection and separation of tissues; under the action of the limiting structure 140, the swinging member 120 can at least remain in the initial position or the swinging position. Figures 27 to 33 As shown, the difference between Example 3 and Example 2 mainly lies in that the shrinkage hole position 1452 of the limiting hole 145 is formed in a different manner.

[0148] like Fig.31 and Fig.33 As shown, the limiting hole 145 is a blind hole, and the limiting shaft 144 is inserted into the limiting hole 145 through the opening 1453 of the blind hole. The bottom hole wall of the blind hole has a protrusion 146 protruding toward the opening 1453, and the protrusion 146 and the side wall of the blind hole together form a shrinkage hole position 1452.

[0149] When the limiting shaft 144 moves to the position where the protrusion 146 is located, an interference fit is generated with the shrinkage hole 1452 , thereby realizing a position sense during the swinging process of the swinging member 120 .

[0150] by Fig.30 Taking the limiting hole 145 with two engaging holes 1451 as an example, the limiting hole 145 in this embodiment is no longer a waist-shaped hole, and the distances between the relative hole side walls at different positions are roughly equal.

[0151] Example 4

[0152] Figures 34 to 38 A structural schematic diagram of the switching tool 200 is exemplarily shown.

[0153] like Fig.37 and Fig.38 As shown, the switching tool 200 provided in this embodiment includes: a tool body and a coupling portion, wherein the coupling portion is arranged on the tool body, and the coupling portion is used to connect with the swinging member 120 of the dowel seat 100 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments to drive the swinging member 120 to swing.

[0154] Although the swing member 120 can be changed manually without the aid of the switching tool 200, the surface of the swing member 120 is contaminated after entering the human body, and it is not convenient to change its position by hand. In addition, the swing member 120 itself is relatively small, and the buckle between the swing member 120 and the anvil base 110 is relatively tight, so it is difficult to operate it by hand. The use of the switching tool 200 can save effort in switching the position of the swing member 120.

[0155] The switching tool 200 can be disposable or reused after cleaning and disinfection.

[0156] refer to Fig.38 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the joint portion includes a receiving groove 210 for receiving at least a portion of the swing member 120 .

[0157] from Fig.35 and Fig.36 As can be seen in FIG. 2 , the switching tool 200 is roughly a long rod-shaped structure. The receiving slot 210 is located at one end of the switching tool 200. After the front end of the swing member 120 is inserted into the receiving slot 210, an external force can be applied to the other end of the switching tool 200 to more easily switch the position of the swing member 120.

[0158] Example 5

[0159] This embodiment provides a surgical instrument, which includes the dowel seat 100 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0160] Alternatively, the surgical instrument includes the switching tool 200 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0161] Alternatively, the surgical instrument includes the dowel seat 100 and the switching tool 200 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0162] The surgical instruments in the embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to, staplers. Their use is not limited to abdominal surgery, but can also be used in other surgeries such as gynecology, pediatrics, and thoracic surgery.

[0163] The various embodiments or implementation methods in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0164] In the description of this specification, reference to "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0165] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A nail support, characterized in that: The anvil comprises: Anvil base; a swinging member connected to the anvil base and swingable relative to the anvil base, so that the swinging member can switch between an initial position and at least one swinging position relative to the anvil base; wherein the initial position is at least used for separation of tissues and freeing of blood vessels, and the swinging position is used for contraction and separation of tissues; The limiting structure includes a first limiting portion arranged on the nail base and a second limiting portion arranged on the swinging member. Under the cooperation of the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion, the swinging member can at least remain in the initial position or the swinging position.

2. The anvil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anvil seat also includes a connecting shaft, and the swing member is swingably connected to the anvil base through the connecting shaft.

3. The anvil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swinging positions include at least two, and during the swinging process, the swinging member can also switch between at least two swinging positions relative to the anvil base.

4. The anvil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the swinging member is different, and the angle between the swinging member and the anvil base is also different.

5. The anvil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first limiting portion includes a limiting protrusion, the second limiting portion includes a limiting groove, one limiting protrusion corresponds to at least two limiting grooves, and one limiting protrusion can be inserted into the limiting grooves at different positions to switch the swinging member to different positions; or, The first limiting portion includes a limiting groove, and the second limiting portion includes a limiting protrusion. One limiting groove corresponds to at least two limiting protrusions, and the limiting protrusions at different positions can be inserted into the limiting groove to switch the swinging member to different positions.

6. The anvil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting protrusion is located at one end of the anvil base; At least two of the limiting grooves are located at the end of the swinging member opposite to the anvil base, and are spaced apart around the swinging center of the swinging member; Under the action of external force, the limiting grooves at different positions are engaged with the limiting protrusions, so that the swing member switches between the initial position and at least one swing position, or so that the swing member switches between at least two swing positions.

7. The anvil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anvil also includes: An elastic member is located between the anvil base and the swing member so that the limiting protrusion and the limiting groove form an elastic snap connection.

8. The anvil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first limiting portion includes a limiting shaft, and the second limiting portion includes a limiting hole, or the first limiting portion includes a limiting hole, and the second limiting portion includes a limiting shaft; One of the limiting shafts is inserted into one of the limiting holes, and the limiting hole includes at least two engaging holes. When the limiting shaft moves in the limiting hole, it can be engaged with the engaging holes at different positions, so that the swinging member can be switched to different positions.

9. The anvil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting hole also includes a shrinkage hole located between two adjacent clamping hole positions, and the two adjacent clamping hole positions are connected through the shrinkage hole position; The inner diameter of the shrinkage hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking hole, so as to limit the switching of the limiting shaft between different locking holes.

10. The anvil according to claim 9, characterized in that: The limiting shaft is interference fit with the shrinkage hole.

11. The anvil according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least two of the limiting shafts are respectively arranged on both sides of one end of the anvil base, and at least two of the limiting holes are respectively arranged on both sides of one end of the swinging member opposite to the anvil base.

12. The anvil according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The limiting hole is a blind hole or a through hole, and part of the side wall of the blind hole or the through hole is contracted to form the contracted hole position.

13. The anvil according to claim 12, characterized in that: The limiting hole is a waist-shaped hole.

14. The anvil according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The limiting hole is a blind hole, the limiting shaft is inserted into the limiting hole through the opening of the blind hole, the bottom hole wall of the blind hole has a protrusion protruding toward the opening direction, and the protrusion and the side wall of the blind hole together form the shrinkage hole position.

15. The anvil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anvil seat also includes: a deformable covering member, which covers the outer side of the connection between the swinging member and the anvil base and deforms with the swinging of the swinging member.

16. The anvil according to claim 15, characterized in that: The covering member comprises a silicone sleeve which is sleeved on the connection between the swing member and the anvil base.

17. A switching tool, characterized in that: The switching tool includes: Tool body; A coupling portion is provided on the tool body, and the coupling portion is used to connect with the swinging member of the dowel seat according to any one of claims 1 to 16 to drive the swinging member to swing.

18. The switching tool according to claim 17, characterized in that: The engaging portion includes a receiving groove for receiving at least a portion of the swinging member.

19. A surgical instrument, characterized in that: The surgical instrument comprises: The anvil according to any one of claims 1 to 16; and / or, The switching tool as claimed in claim 17 or 18.

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