Machining device for strengthening surface of bearing inner ring

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing machining, and particularly discloses a machining device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner race, the machining device comprises a lathe bed, an automatic chuck, a first sensing component, a machining cutter, a second sensing component, a driving part and a control system, the automatic chuck is vertically mounted on the lathe bed and used for tightly supporting the bearing inner race; the machining tool is driven by the driving piece to move spatially and conduct surface strengthening on the outer circle face of the bearing inner ring supported by the rotating clamp tightly, the first sensing component is connected with the automatic chuck, the second sensing component is connected with the machining tool, and the automatic chuck is connected with the machining tool. According to the bearing inner ring machining device, the automatic chuck is vertically arranged, so that the device structure is more compact, feeding and discharging are facilitated, the sensing components are used for monitoring the machining condition in real time and feeding back and adjusting the machining condition, closed-loop control is achieved, and the machining efficiency is improved. Accurate machining of the bearing inner ring is achieved, and automatic production is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bearing processing, and in particular to a processing device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner ring. Background Art

[0002] In the industrial field, rolling bearings are important parts that mainly support rotation and reduce friction resistance. The stability and life of the bearings directly affect the reliability and performance of the entire machine. The surface hardness, surface roughness and core toughness of the rolling bearing grooves greatly affect the bearing performance.

[0003] Traditional bearing steel processes such as quenching, surface alloying (nitriding, carburizing), etc., while increasing the surface hardness, are accompanied by a decrease in toughness. The higher the hardness, the worse the toughness. And the surface hardness is basically <HRC65. To further increase the hardness, the energy efficiency and economy are usually not high. At the same time, traditional processes involve the following disadvantages: 1. The implementation of the process requires a large amount of electricity and generates a large amount of polluting industrial wastewater; 2. A large amount of chemical reagents and heavy metal substances usually need to be added during processing; 3. Batch processing is required, and it is difficult to meet the customized needs of multiple varieties, small batches; 4. It causes harm to the body and mind of practitioners.

[0004] As a new process, gradient nano-processing of the inner ring groove of rolling bearings can be used to process unquenched metals through ultrasound, rolling, and rolling, effectively improving the surface hardness. However, when hardening quenched metals and alloy materials, it is usually difficult to continuously and effectively complete the surface gradient nano-processing due to equipment and process constraints. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing device which has a compact structure, excellent system rigidity and can stably strengthen the surface of the inner ring of the bearing.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A processing device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner ring comprises a bed, an automatic chuck, a first sensing component, a processing tool, a second sensing component, a first driving component, a second driving component and a control system, wherein the automatic chuck is rotatably mounted on the bed and is used to tighten the bearing inner ring, the first driving component is used to drive the automatic chuck to rotate vertically, the second driving component is mounted on the bed, the processing tool moves in space under the drive of the second driving component, and performs surface strengthening on the outer cylindrical surface of the bearing inner ring tightened by the automatic chuck, the first sensing component is connected to the automatic chuck, the second sensing component is connected to the processing tool, the first sensing component detects the force condition of the bearing inner ring in real time and feeds back the first sensing information to the control system, the second sensing component detects the force condition of the processing tool in real time and feeds back the second sensing information to the control system, and the control system is also used to process the first sensing information and the second sensing information, and adjust the clamping force of the automatic chuck and the feed amount of the processing tool in real time.

[0008] By adopting the above scheme, the automatic chuck is set up vertically, the structure is compact and the system rigidity is improved. The automatic chuck and the processing tool are monitored by the sensor component, and the processing drive load can be monitored in real time and closed-loop controlled, so that the surface strengthening can be carried out more accurately, efficiently and reliably. The load applied to the processing surface of the groove of the inner ring of the bearing can be controlled, and the gradient nanolayer area and depth can be accurately controlled; and the inner ring of the bearing can be quickly clamped, and the clamping force and processing drive load can be monitored and fed back in real time, which is conducive to the precise processing of the workpiece.

[0009] Furthermore, the first driving member includes a motor and a positioning member, the motor is vertically mounted on the bed, the positioning member is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the motor, the automatic chuck is vertically arranged above the positioning member, and the first sensing component is fixedly connected between the positioning member and the automatic chuck.

[0010] Furthermore, the first sensing component is a six-dimensional force sensor, the outside of the six-dimensional force sensor is covered with a conductive ring, the connection terminal of the six-dimensional force sensor is electrically connected to the inner ring of the conductive ring, the outer ring of the conductive ring is connected to a power supply, the six-dimensional force sensor is powered by the conductive ring and transmits the first sensing information to the control system.

[0011] By adopting the above solution and utilizing the conductive ring, the first sensing component can be stably powered and signals can be transmitted when the first sensing component rotates.

[0012] Furthermore, an outer rotating sleeve of the positioning member is provided with an outer slip ring, the outer slip ring is fixed relatively to the bed, and the lead wire of the outer ring of the conductive ring is led out from the side wall of the outer slip ring.

[0013] By adopting the above solution, the lead wire of the conductive ring can be prevented from being entangled.

[0014] Furthermore, the machining tool includes a tool holder, a tool bit mounting seat and a tool bit, the second sensing component includes a pressure sensor and a vibration sensor, the tool holder is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the automatic chuck, the end of the tool holder close to the automatic chuck is connected to the pressure sensor and the tool bit mounting seat in sequence, the tool bit is mounted in the tool bit mounting seat, the vibration sensor is installed on the side of the tool holder, the second driving member drives the tool holder to move in space, and through the tool bit, the outer cylindrical surface of the inner ring of the bearing supported by the automatic chuck is surface strengthened.

[0015] By adopting the above scheme, the vibration sensor can monitor the vibration of the tool holder, and the pressure sensor can monitor the feed load pressure of the processing area, which can effectively monitor the processing status of the parts and provide timely feedback and emergency stop when the processing tool collides.

[0016] Furthermore, the second driving member is fixed on the bed, and the second driving member is used to drive the tool handle to move axially and radially along the automatic chuck.

[0017] Furthermore, the second driving member includes a first linear driving mechanism and a second linear driving mechanism, the first linear driving mechanism is horizontally installed on the bed, the second linear driving mechanism is vertically installed on the moving end of the first linear driving mechanism, the first linear driving mechanism drives the second linear driving mechanism to move radially along the automatic chuck, the tool handle is connected to the moving end of the second linear driving mechanism, and the second linear driving mechanism drives the tool handle to move axially along the automatic chuck.

[0018] Furthermore, the second driving member also includes a multi-station electric turret, the electric turret is vertically fixed on the moving end of the second linear driving mechanism, and the tool handle is fixed on one of the mounting positions of the electric turret.

[0019] With the above solution, the feeding system is arranged horizontally and the automatic chuck is set vertically, which improves the compactness and rigidity of the entire system. The multi-station electric turret is set to effectively improve the efficiency of tool changing.

[0020] Furthermore, a bearing inner ring roundness detection device is installed on the bed, and the bearing inner ring roundness detection device can detect and record the roundness of the bearing in real time.

[0021] Furthermore, a tool cooling and lubrication device is installed on the bed, and the tool cooling and lubrication system is used to cool the machining tool.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The rotating fixture is arranged vertically, with a compact structure and improved system rigidity; 2. The sensing component is used to monitor the rotating fixture and the processing tool, and the processing drive load can be monitored in real time and closed-loop controlled, so that the surface strengthening can be carried out more accurately, efficiently and reliably, and the load applied to the processing surface of the inner ring of the bearing can be controlled to achieve precise control of the gradient nanolayer area and depth; and it can achieve rapid clamping of the inner ring of the bearing, and real-time monitoring and feedback of the clamping force and the processing drive load, which is conducive to precise processing of the workpiece; 3. The cold processing technology is adopted, and chemical additives and heavy metals and other raw materials that pollute the environment are not used, which greatly reduces processing energy consumption and pollution; 4. The equipment can implement a deep rolling process, and its process is between the semi-finishing and super-finishing of the ring groove to form a gradient nanolayer of about 800μm on the groove surface, and the surface hardness can reach HRC80. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a front view of the overall structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a connection diagram of the positioning member, the six-dimensional force sensor, the automatic chuck and the outer slip ring in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view of

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the machining tool, the pressure sensor and the vibration sensor in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is an axonometric diagram of the overall structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a front view of the overall structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the control principle of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of the accompanying figures: 1. Bed, 11. First table top, 12. Second table top, 13. Working surface, 131. Recessed portion, 14. Protective cover, 141. Cover door, 2. Rotary motor, 3. Positioning piece, 31. Fixed portion, 32. Free portion, 4. Automatic chuck, 5. Conductive ring, 6. Six-dimensional force sensor, 7. Outer slip ring, 8. Tool handle, 81. Tool head mounting seat, 82. Tool head, 9. Pressure sensor, 10. Vibration sensor, 110. Screw slide, 120. Wedge-type lifting slide, 130. Electric turret, 140. Bearing inner ring roundness detection equipment, 150. Tool cooling and lubrication device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] refer to Figure 1-Figure 5A processing device for strengthening the surface of the inner ring of a bearing comprises a bed 1, a first table 11 and a second table 12 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the top of the bed 1, a first driving member is installed on the first table 11, and a second driving member is installed on the second table 12. The first driving member comprises a rotary motor 2 and a positioning member 3. The bed 1 is provided with a cavity below the first table 11, and a rotary motor 2 is longitudinally installed on the top of the cavity through a flange. The positioning member 3 is connected to the main shaft of the rotary motor 2, and a six-dimensional force sensor 6 is installed on the top of the positioning member 3. The top of the six-dimensional force sensor 6 is fixedly connected to an automatic chuck 4, the automatic chuck 4 is coaxially arranged with the main shaft of the rotary motor 2, the automatic chuck 4 is a pneumatic chuck, the automatic chuck 4 is connected to the air source (not released in the figure), the outer sleeve of the six-dimensional force sensor 6 is connected with a conductive ring 5, the terminal of the six-dimensional force sensor 6 is electrically connected to the inner ring of the conductive ring 5, and the outer ring of the conductive ring 5 is connected to the power supply (not released in the figure), the second driving member includes a first linear driving mechanism and a second linear driving mechanism, wherein the first linear driving mechanism is a screw slide 110, and the second linear driving mechanism is a wedge-type lifting slide 120, and the base of the screw slide 110 is fixed on the second slide by a two-pin fixing method on one side On the surface 12, the sliding table of the screw slide 110 is the moving end of the first linear drive mechanism, the base of the wedge-type lifting slide 120 is fixed on the sliding table of the screw slide 110, the screw slide 110 can drive the wedge-type lifting slide 120 to move as a whole along the radial direction of the automatic chuck 4, the lifting platform of the wedge-type lifting slide 120 is the moving end of the second linear drive mechanism, and a six-station electric turret 130 is fixed on the load surface of the lifting platform of the wedge-type lifting slide 120 by a positioning method of one side and two pins. The wedge-type lifting slide 120 can drive the electric turret 130 to rise and fall, and the electric turret 130 is fixed to the load surface of the lifting platform of the wedge-type lifting slide 120. A tool handle 8 is horizontally installed on one of the workstations. The tool handle 8 is horizontally set and points to the rotation axis of the automatic chuck 4. A pressure sensor 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the tool handle 8 away from the electric turret 130, and a tool head mounting seat 81 is fixedly connected to the end of the pressure sensor 9 away from the tool handle 8. A circular tool head 82 is connected to the internal thread of the tool head mounting seat 81. A vibration sensor 10 is connected to the side of the tool handle 8. The rotary motor 2, automatic chuck 4, screw slide 110, wedge-type lifting slide 120, electric turret 130, six-dimensional force sensor 6, pressure sensor 9 and vibration sensor 10 are all communicatively connected to the control system (not shown in the figure). The automatic chuck 4 can tighten the inner ring of the bearing by means of internal support. The screw slide 110 and the wedge-type lifting slide 120 work together to drive the tool handle 8 to move in the XZ axis direction, so that the tool head 82 can process the outer cylindrical surface raceway of the inner ring of the bearing in a deep rolling manner, causing the outer cylindrical surface raceway of the inner ring of the bearing to undergo strong plastic deformation and grain refinement.During processing, the six-dimensional force sensor 6 can detect the force conditions of the inner ring of the bearing and the automatic chuck 4 in real time and feed back to the control system, the pressure sensor 9 can detect the load force of the machining surface of the inner ring of the bearing and feed back to the control system, the vibration sensor 10 can detect the force conditions of the tool handle 8 in real time and feed back to the control system. The control system can control the screw slide 110, the wedge-type lifting slide 120 and the automatic chuck 4 to make corresponding feedback based on the information fed back by the six-dimensional force sensor 6, the pressure sensor 9 and the vibration sensor 10, thereby adjusting the clamping force of the automatic chuck 4 and the feed amount of the tool handle 8.

[0035] In this embodiment, the area that can be processed by this device is not only the outer cylindrical surface raceway of the inner ring of the bearing, but also includes the non-raceway area in the outer cylindrical surface. The processing method and processing parameters for the non-raceway area are the same as those for processing the outer cylindrical surface raceway area.

[0036] refer to Figure 8 The control principle diagram shown in the figure takes the inner ring of a rolling bearing with a processing material of GCr15SiMn and an inner diameter of 40mm as an example. The inner ring groove is first semi-finished and the inner ring of the bearing is installed on the automatic chuck 4 by means of internal support. The control system automatically adjusts the pressure to 0-10MPa to make the clamping torque reach 0-60Nm. The screw slide 110 and the wedge-type lifting slide 120 are controlled to make the cutter head 82 contact with the surface to be processed of the inner ring of the bearing. The processing surface force of 650kgf is collected by the pressure sensor 9. The feed amount of the cutter head 82 is increased and adjusted to make the processing surface force reach 700-900kgf, so that the cutter head is pressed into a depth of about 1.5-2.5mm. The six-dimensional force sensor 6 can detect the forces (Fx, Fy, Fz) and torques (Mx, My, Mz) in the three-dimensional directions of space. The six-dimensional force sensor 6 feeds back the collected first sensing information, i.e., the workpiece processing load of 800kgf and the clamping torque of the automatic chuck 4 of 50Nm, to the control system. The load collected here is the actual load on the part processing side, which can compensate and correct the processing area force of 650kgf collected by the pressure sensor 9. The control system adjusts the drive load of the cutter head 82 in real time according to the pressure value corresponding to the preset feed amount to meet the preset value of 700-900kgf and the pressing depth of the cutter head of 1.5-2mm. The six-dimensional force sensor 6 detects the clamping torque of the automatic chuck 4 of 80Nm, which does not meet the preset value of 0-60Nm, and feeds back to the control system to automatically reduce the feed pressure until the preset value is met. During the processing of the inner ring of the bearing, the vibration of the tool handle 8 is synchronously monitored by the vibration sensor 10. When the vibration acceleration exceeds the set 2mm / s 2 When the threshold is reached, the device automatically shuts down to protect human or equipment safety.

[0037] Taking the inner ring of a rolling bearing with a material of GCr15SiMn and an inner diameter of 250mm as an example, the air inlet pressure of the automatic chuck 4 is set to 2-3MPa, so that the clamping torque reaches 80-150Nm. The feed rate of the cutter head 82 is adjusted so that the force on the machining surface reaches 900-1200kgf. The vibration acceleration value exceeds the set 1.8mm / s 2 When the threshold is reached, the device automatically shuts down to protect human or equipment safety.

[0038] Taking the inner ring of a rolling bearing with a material of GCr15 and an inner diameter of 500mm as an example, the air inlet pressure of the automatic chuck 4 is set to 3-5MPa, so that the clamping torque reaches 150-250Nm. The feed rate of the cutter head 82 is adjusted so that the force on the machining surface reaches 4000-5000kgf. The vibration acceleration value exceeds the set 0.8mm / s 2 When the threshold is reached, the device automatically shuts down to protect human or equipment safety.

[0039] The device can process rolling bearing inner rings made of materials including but not limited to GCr15, GCr15SiMn and the like and with inner diameters ranging from 10 mm to 500 mm.

[0040] In this embodiment, the positioning member 3 is a zero-point positioning system with an accuracy within 0.005 mm. The positioning member 3 includes a fixed portion 31 and a free portion 32 which are separately arranged. The fixed portion 31 is connected to the top of the main shaft of the rotary motor 2 through a flange, and the free portion 32 is connected to the top of the fixed portion 31 through a rivet. The free portion 32 is columnar, and the six-dimensional force sensor 6 is threadedly connected to the top of the free portion 32. The automatic chuck 4 is threadedly connected to the top of the six-dimensional force sensor 6. An outer slip ring 7 is provided on the free portion 32 through two bearing rotating sleeves, and the lead of the conductive ring 5 passes through the side wall of the outer slip ring 7. The positioning member 3 is separately arranged, and the free portion 32 can be switched as a whole to achieve fast and accurate clamping of workpieces of different sizes. The setting of the outer slip ring 7 can effectively prevent the lead of the conductive ring 5 from being entangled.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7, which is different from the first embodiment, the top of the bed 1 has a horizontal working surface 13, a cavity is arranged on the bed 1 below the working surface 13, a rotary motor 2 is vertically installed on the left side of the top of the cavity, a positioning member 3, a six-dimensional force sensor 6 and an automatic chuck 4 are sequentially installed on the main shaft of the rotary motor 2, a recessed portion 131 is arranged on the right side of the working surface 13, the bottom of the recessed portion 131 is a horizontal plane, and the base of the lead screw slide 110 is installed in the recessed portion by means of two pins on one side. At the bottom of 131, a protective cover 14 is installed on the top of the bed 1, and an openable and closable cover door 141 is provided at the front end of the protective cover 14. A bearing inner ring roundness detection device 140 is installed at the rear end of the left side of the working surface 13. A tool cooling and lubrication device 150 is also installed on the bed 1. The control system is an industrial computer 160, and the industrial computer 160 is connected to the right side of the bed 1 through a bracket. The bearing inner ring roundness detection device 140 and the tool cooling and lubrication device 150 are both communicatively connected to the industrial computer 160.

[0043] By adopting the above scheme, the protective cover 14 can prevent dust from flying due to processing and keep the working environment clean. The bearing inner ring roundness detection equipment 140 can meet the needs of online automatic detection of parts. When the size of the inspected product does not meet the requirements, it can record and prompt. The tool cooling and lubrication device 150 can cool and lubricate the cutter head 82 and the processed bearing inner ring to increase the life of the cutter head 82.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. All modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner ring, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bed (1), an automatic chuck (4), a first sensing component, a machining tool, a second sensing component, a first driving component, a second driving component and a control system. The automatic chuck (4) is rotatably mounted on the bed (1) and is used to tighten the inner ring of the bearing. The first driving component is used to drive the automatic chuck (4) to rotate vertically. The second driving component is mounted on the bed (1). The machining tool moves in space under the drive of the second driving component and performs surface strengthening on the outer cylindrical surface of the inner ring of the bearing tightened by the automatic chuck (4). The first sensing component is connected to the automatic chuck (4), and the second sensing component is connected to the machining tool. The first sensing component detects the stress condition of the inner ring of the bearing in real time and feeds back the first sensing information to the control system. The second sensing component detects the stress condition of the machining tool in real time and feeds back the second sensing information to the control system. The control system is also used to process the first sensing information and the second sensing information and adjust the clamping force of the automatic chuck (4) and the feed rate of the machining tool in real time.

2. A processing device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving member comprises a motor (2) and a positioning member (3); the motor (2) is vertically mounted on the bed (1); the positioning member (3) is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the motor (2); the automatic chuck (4) is vertically arranged above the positioning member (3); and the first sensing member is fixedly connected between the positioning member (3) and the automatic chuck (4).

3. A processing device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sensing component is a six-dimensional force sensor (6), the outside of which is sleeved with a conductive ring (5), the connection terminal of the six-dimensional force sensor (6) is electrically connected to the inner ring of the conductive ring (5), the outer ring of the conductive ring (5) is connected to a power source, the six-dimensional force sensor (6) is powered by the conductive ring (5) and transmits the first sensing information to the control system.

4. A processing device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer rotating sleeve of the positioning member (3) is provided with an outer slip ring (7), and the lead wire of the outer ring of the conductive ring (5) is led out from the side wall of the outer slip ring (7).

5. The processing device for strengthening the surface of the inner ring of a bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machining tool comprises a tool holder (8), a tool head mounting seat (81) and a tool head (82); the second sensing component comprises a pressure sensor (9) and a vibration sensor (10); the tool holder (8) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the automatic chuck (4); the end of the tool holder (8) close to the automatic chuck (4) is connected to the pressure sensor (9) and the tool head mounting seat (81) in sequence; the tool head (82) is mounted in the tool head mounting seat (81); the vibration sensor (10) is mounted on the side of the tool holder (8); the second driving member drives the tool holder (8) to move in space, and performs surface strengthening on the outer cylindrical surface of the inner ring of the bearing supported by the automatic chuck (4) through the tool head (82).

6. A processing device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner ring according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second driving member is fixed on the bed (1), and is used to drive the tool handle (8) to move axially and radially along the automatic chuck (4).

7. A processing device for strengthening the surface of a bearing inner ring according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second driving member comprises a first linear driving mechanism and a second linear driving mechanism, wherein the first linear driving mechanism is horizontally mounted on the bed, and the second linear driving mechanism is vertically mounted on the moving end of the first linear driving mechanism, and the first linear driving mechanism drives the second linear driving mechanism to move radially along the automatic chuck, the tool handle (8) is connected to the moving end of the second linear driving mechanism, and the second linear driving mechanism drives the tool handle (8) to move axially along the automatic chuck (4).

8. The processing device for strengthening the surface of the inner ring of a bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second driving member also includes a multi-station electric turret (130), the electric turret (130) is vertically fixed on the moving end of the second linear driving mechanism, and the tool handle (8) is fixed on one of the installation positions of the electric turret (130).

9. The processing device for strengthening the surface of the inner ring of a bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing inner ring roundness detection device (140) is installed on the bed (1), and the bearing inner ring roundness detection device (140) can detect and record the roundness of the bearing in real time.

10. The processing device for strengthening the surface of the inner ring of a bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tool cooling and lubricating device (150) is installed on the bed (1), and the tool cooling and lubricating device (150) is used to cool the machining tool.

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