Method for preventing and treating rock burst and mine earthquake composite disasters through ground F-type well fracturing

Abstract

The invention discloses a ground F-type well fracturing rock burst and mine earthquake composite disaster prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps of: determining a plurality of key layers of a thick-layer top plate through a key layer theory, establishing a disaster-causing main control layer model by using a well up-down micro-earthquake monitoring system, determining the layer position of the disaster-causing main control layer in the plurality of key layers, and establishing a disaster-causing main control layer model; comprising an impact disaster-causing main control layer and a mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; establishing a ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control scheme according to the layer positions and thicknesses of the impact disaster-caused main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-caused main control layer and the information of the rock stratum where the layer positions are located, performing a scheme test, and correcting the scheme according to a test result; according to the corrected ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control scheme and the disaster-causing main control layer model, collaborative fracturing prevention and control operation is conducted on the thick-layer roof with the impact disaster-causing main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; and the collaborative prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake composite disasters is checked. According to the invention, cooperative prevention and control of composite disasters of rock burst and mine earthquakes induced by the thick-layer roof can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal seam rock burst prevention and control, and in particular to a ground F-type well hydraulic fracturing method for preventing and controlling rock burst and mine earthquake combined disasters. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as coal resource mining has gradually shifted to the west, mine tremors and rock burst problems in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia have appeared with unprecedented frequency. Although no serious mine disasters have occurred, the strong ground tremors have made mine tremors a sensitive topic and caused social panic.

[0003] At present, the prevention and control of mine earthquakes and rock bursts in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia have the following problems: often after the occurrence of mine earthquakes, control is carried out according to the strata of the mine earthquakes, the control effect is not obvious, the target strata of control are unclear, and the control scope can only be expanded as much as possible to cover the target strata of control, and the control is blind; in actual engineering applications, the application of various technical means lacks a reliable theoretical basis, and the control effect of the implementation of relevant technical means lacks a reliable and accurate evaluation method. Whether mine earthquakes or rock bursts appear is often used as an indicator, and various plans often need to be continuously adjusted according to the actual control effect. Mines can only deal with them in a targeted manner after mine earthquakes and rock bursts appear, and the prevention and control is in a state of "correcting what happens and encouraging what doesn't happen"; due to the wide distribution range of thick and hard roofs in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia, the disaster-causing properties of thick and hard roofs in different strata are different. In the same mine, roof control projects are carried out both underground and on the ground. The control of thick and hard roofs in various strata is not coordinated, and the roof control project is large in scale, high in cost and low in efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method for preventing and controlling rock burst and mining earthquake combined disasters by ground F-type well fracturing, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. According to the key layer theory, multiple key layers of the thick roof are determined, and the disaster-causing main control layer model is established using the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well. The layer position of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer are determined by combining the key layer and the disaster-causing main control layer model;

[0007] S2. Establish a ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the position, thickness and rock formation information of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, so as to coordinate the management of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, and conduct a ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan test on site, and revise the ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the test results;

[0008] S3. According to the revised surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan and the disaster-causing main control layer model, a coordinated fracturing prevention and control operation is performed on the thick roof with the impact disaster-causing main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer;

[0009] S4. Check the coordinated prevention and control effect of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake.

[0010] The present invention realizes the coordinated prevention and control of the composite disaster of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof through the synchronous determination and coordinated management and protection of the main control layer of impact disaster and the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster, and provides a clearer theoretical basis for the management of composite disasters in areas where mine earthquakes and rock burst occur, thereby reducing the waste of resources and low management effect caused by blindness in the management of composite disasters.

[0011] Optionally, in S1, when the disaster-causing main control layer is determined, the microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well are combined to count the microseismic events detected within a certain period of time, and the microseismic events occurring within the time period are divided into different orders of magnitude for statistics. A box plot and a scatter normal distribution diagram of the events are combined to perform statistical analysis on impacts of different orders of magnitude to determine the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the box plot uses the vertical height of the coal seam as the 0 scale;

[0013] The median value of the vertical distribution determined by the box plot is used as the central vertical height of the main control layer of the impact disaster.

[0014] The vertical distribution heights corresponding to the upper quartile and lower quartile of the box plot are taken as the stratigraphic range of the main controlling layer of the impact disaster.

[0015] Furthermore, when a mine earthquake occurs, the energy magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the main controlling layer causing impact disasters and the coal seam. The layer where the mine earthquake occurs within the statistical time period is the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters, and the vertical distribution range of the mine earthquakes within the statistical time period is the layer range of the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters.

[0016] Furthermore, when conducting the test of the ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan, a test site was selected on site, and according to the collaborative management plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, a collaborative management test of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer was carried out on the thick roof in the test site, and microseismic monitoring was carried out again. According to the detection results, an experimental comparison model was established, and the experimental comparison model was analyzed and compared with the disaster-causing main control model by combining box plots and event scatter normal distribution diagrams. According to the analysis and comparison results, the collaborative management plan for multiple disaster-causing layers was revised.

[0017] Furthermore, the optional solutions in the surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan include: double-disaster-causing layer surface F-type well fracturing method, local mine earthquake disaster layer surface F-type well fracturing method and single thick disaster layer surface F-type well fracturing method;

[0018] When revising the surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the test results, it includes reselecting the plan.

[0019] Furthermore, the application scenarios of the double-hazardous layer ground F-type well fracturing method include: the coal mining working face is overlain by both the main disaster-causing layer controlled by rock burst pressure and the main disaster-causing layer controlled by mine earthquakes, and the horizontal extension range of the two rock layers is similar.

[0020] Furthermore, the application scenarios of the ground F-well fracturing method in local mine earthquake disaster-causing layers include: the coal mining working face is overlain by the main disaster-causing layers of impact ground pressure and the main disaster-causing layers of mine earthquakes, but the thickness and occurrence of the main disaster-causing rock layers of mine earthquakes vary dramatically, and the horizontal extension range is small, but it also presents the characteristics of local thick layers and double disaster-causing layers. At the same time, the horizontal fracturing sections of the upper and lower layers produce vertical dislocations in different areas.

[0021] Furthermore, the application scenarios of the F-type well fracturing method on the ground of a single extremely thick disaster-causing layer include: when the coal seam mining working face is covered with an extremely thick key layer, that is, the thickness of a single rock layer exceeds 80m and the extension range is large.

[0022] Furthermore, in S3, after the corresponding fracturing operation or blasting operation is carried out according to the initially established surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the tunnel to provide stable support force for the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

[0023] Furthermore, in S4, rock burst prevention and control effect testing technology and mine earthquake prevention and control effect testing technology are used to test the coordinated prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake combined disasters.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the method steps of a method for preventing and controlling rock burst and mining earthquake combined disasters by fracturing a ground F-type well according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a method and technology disassembly of a method for preventing and controlling rock burst and mining earthquake combined disasters by fracturing a ground F-type well according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of key layer analysis of a method for preventing rock burst and mining earthquake compound disasters by fracturing of a ground F-type well according to the present invention, and is intended to show the determined position of the disaster-causing main control layer among multiple key layers;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a box plot and a normal distribution diagram of event scatter points combined with a method for preventing and controlling rock burst and mining earthquake composite disasters by fracturing of a ground F-type well according to the present invention, aiming to show the distribution of microseismic events before and after the treatment;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for coordinated prevention and control of rock burst and mine earthquake compound disasters induced by thick roof according to the present invention, and is intended to demonstrate the horizontal well arrangement of the double-disaster-causing layer ground F-type well fracturing method;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for coordinated prevention and control of rock burst and mine earthquake compound disasters induced by thick roof according to the present invention, and is intended to demonstrate the horizontal well arrangement of the F-type well fracturing method on the ground of a local mine earthquake disaster layer;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to the present invention, which aims to demonstrate the horizontal well arrangement of the F-type well fracturing method on the ground of a single extremely thick disaster-causing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling rock burst and mining earthquake combined disasters by fracturing a ground F-type well. Figures 1 to 7 Provide detailed explanation.

[0035] A method for preventing and controlling rock burst and mining earthquake combined disasters by ground F-type well fracturing, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1. According to the key layer theory, multiple key layers of the thick roof are determined, and the disaster-causing main control layer model is established using the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well. The layer position of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer are determined by combining the key layer and the disaster-causing main control layer model;

[0037] S2. Establish a ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the position, thickness and rock formation information of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, so as to coordinate the management of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, and conduct a ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan test on site, and revise the ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the test results;

[0038] S3. According to the revised surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan and the disaster-causing main control layer model, a coordinated fracturing prevention and control operation is performed on the thick roof with the impact disaster-causing main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer;

[0039] S4. Check the coordinated prevention and control effect of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake.

[0040] The present invention realizes the coordinated prevention and control of the composite disaster of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof through the synchronous determination and coordinated management and protection of the main control layer of impact disaster and the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster, and provides a clearer theoretical basis for the management of composite disasters in areas where mine earthquakes and rock burst occur, thereby reducing the waste of resources and low management effect caused by blindness in the management of composite disasters.

[0041] In some embodiments, in S1, when the disaster-causing main control layer is determined, the microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well are combined to count the microseismic events detected within a certain period of time, and the microseismic events occurring within the time period are divided and counted at different orders of magnitude. A box plot and a scatter normal distribution diagram of events are combined to perform statistical analysis on impacts of different orders of magnitude, so as to collaboratively determine the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer.

[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown in the box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram on the left, the box plot takes the vertical height of the coal seam as 0 scale;

[0043] The median value of the vertical distribution determined by the box plot is used as the central vertical height of the main control layer of the impact disaster.

[0044] The vertical distribution heights corresponding to the upper quartile and lower quartile of the box plot are taken as the stratigraphic range of the main controlling layer of the impact disaster.

[0045] Specifically, when dividing the microseismic events into different orders of magnitude, it is necessary to monitor the thick roof for microseismic events in real time before the mine earthquake causes the shutdown. The monitored vibration energy is used as the division standard, and the unit is J. Different powers of 10 are used as different order levels. The number of microseismic events detected is statistically 4 Microseismic events of J and above.

[0046] And because the energy magnitude of the layer where mine earthquakes occur is significantly higher than the energy magnitude detected by the impact disaster-causing main control layer, in the box plot, the microseismic events corresponding to mine earthquakes are significantly higher than the corresponding range of the upper quartile. The vertical distribution range corresponding to the mine earthquake events that are significantly higher than the upper quartile is statistically calculated and used as the range of the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer.

[0047] In one embodiment, in order to further determine the horizontal well axis arrangement range of the impact disaster main control layer during fracturing, a high-level fracturing test can be carried out in the area where the impact ground pressure is generated, and then microseismic monitoring can be carried out in the area again, and a box plot and an event scatter point normal distribution diagram are combined to perform statistical analysis on impacts of different orders of magnitude, and a box plot of microseismic events after high-level fracturing is obtained, such as Figure 4 As shown in the middle box plot and the event scatter normal distribution diagram, the median value in the box plot is taken as the first value, and the median value of the box plot corresponding to the microseismic event measured before the shutdown is taken as the second value, forming a vertical distribution range with the first value and the second value as endpoints, and this range is used as the layout range of the horizontal well axis of the impact disaster main control layer.

[0048] Furthermore, after the overall treatment is completed, the microseismic events detected by the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well can be collected again, and the impacts of different orders of magnitude can be statistically analyzed by combining box plots and event scatter normal distribution diagrams, such as Figure 4 As shown in the box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram on the right, the vertical distribution range and frequency of microseismic events after treatment are statistically observed. A decrease in the distribution range and the frequency of occurrence indicates that the treatment has a significant effect.

[0049] In some embodiments, when a mine earthquake occurs, the energy magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the main control layer causing the mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the main control layer causing the impact disaster and the coal seam. The layer where the mine earthquake occurs within the statistical time period is the main control layer causing the mine earthquake disaster, and the vertical distribution range of the mine earthquake occurring within the statistical time period is the layer range of the main control layer causing the mine earthquake disaster.

[0050] In some embodiments, in S2, when conducting a collaborative governance program test for multiple disaster-causing layers, a test site is selected on site, and according to the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers, a collaborative governance test for the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer is conducted on the thick roof in the test site, and microseismic monitoring is performed again. An experimental comparison model is established based on the detection results, and the experimental comparison model and the disaster-causing main control model are analyzed and compared using a combination of box plots and event scatter normal distribution diagrams, and the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers is revised based on the analysis and comparison results.

[0051] In some embodiments, the optional solutions in the surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control scheme include: a double-disaster-causing layer surface F-type well fracturing method, a local mine earthquake disaster-causing layer surface F-type well fracturing method, and a single thick disaster-causing layer surface F-type well fracturing method. When selecting the surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control scheme, at least one of the above three methods is selected to coordinate the management of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer and the impact disaster main control layer;

[0052] The fracturing prevention and control plan for ground F-type wells needs to consider the location, thickness and rock structure of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer at the same time, so as to determine the coordinated construction method to synchronously control the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer;

[0053] When revising the surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the test results, it includes reselecting the plan.

[0054] Generally, the distance between the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is large, but in some cases, the distance between the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is close to that between the main control layer of impact disaster and the coal seam. Therefore, the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster includes the upper mine earthquake layer and the lower mine earthquake layer. The distance between the upper mine earthquake layer and the coal seam is greater than that between the lower mine earthquake layer and the coal seam, and the vertical distribution height of the lower mine earthquake layer and the main control layer of impact disaster is close.

[0055] When the upper mine-seismic layer is treated by ground fracturing, the well axis of the horizontal well is at the center of the upper mine-seismic layer, and at this time, the horizontal well of the impact disaster layer is at the center of the impact disaster main control layer, and at least one of the three ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control schemes mentioned above is used to coordinate the treatment of the mine-seismic disaster main control layer and the impact disaster main control layer;

[0056] When conducting ground fracturing treatment on the lower mine-seismic layer, it is necessary to simultaneously take into consideration the range of the impact disaster main control layer, comprehensively determine the range of the fracturing layer and the well axis position of the horizontal well, and determine whether the horizontal wells in the mine-seismic main control layer and the impact disaster main control layer can both be arranged. If they can be arranged, at least one of the above three ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control schemes is still used to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine-seismic main control layer; if the lower mine-seismic layer and the impact disaster main control layer are too close, consider merging the two horizontal wells into one horizontal well to achieve coordinated treatment of the lower mine-seismic layer and the impact disaster main control layer.

[0057] In some embodiments, the application scenarios of the dual-hazard layer ground F-type well fracturing method include: the coal mining working face is overlain by both the main disaster-causing stratum controlled by rock burst pressure and the main disaster-causing stratum controlled by mine earthquakes, and the horizontal extension range of the two rock strata is similar.

[0058] The double-disaster-causing layer surface F-type well fracturing method specifically includes: using the surface fracturing method to simultaneously treat the mine earthquake disaster main control layer and the impact disaster main control layer, and recording the fracturing layers as the first fracturing layer and the second fracturing layer according to the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer;

[0059] When constructing horizontal wells, the vertical sections of the first and second fracturing layers are shared to form an inverted F-shaped horizontal well arrangement, which reduces the construction steps during the horizontal well arrangement and the investment in manpower and material resources. At the same time, it can realize synchronous well construction and fracturing operations on the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0060] In some embodiments, the application scenarios of the F-type well fracturing method on the ground of a local mine earthquake disaster layer include: the coal mining working face is overlain by the main disaster layer controlled by rock pressure and the main disaster layer controlled by mine earthquake, but the thickness and occurrence of the main disaster layer controlled by mine earthquake change dramatically, and the horizontal extension range is small, but it also presents the characteristics of a local thick double disaster layer, and at the same time, the horizontal fracturing sections of the upper and lower layers process different areas to produce vertical dislocation;

[0061] The surface F-type well fracturing method for the local mine earthquake disaster layer specifically includes: using the surface fracturing method to simultaneously treat the mine earthquake disaster main control layer and the impact disaster main control layer, and recording the fracturing layers as the first fracturing layer and the second fracturing layer according to the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer;

[0062] When drilling horizontal wells, since the range of the main control layer causing mine earthquake disasters is relatively small, in order to synchronously treat the main control layer causing mine earthquake disasters, when normal well drilling operations are carried out on the second fracturing layer (impact disaster main control layer), the horizontal well parallel to the second fracturing layer carries out well drilling operations on the first fracturing layer (mine earthquake disaster main control layer), and the two horizontal wells form a deformed inverted F-type arrangement, and perform synchronous or asynchronous fracturing operations.

[0063] In some embodiments, the application scenarios of the F-type well fracturing method on the surface of a single extremely thick disaster-causing layer include: when the coal seam mining working face is covered with an extremely thick key layer, that is, the thickness of a single rock layer exceeds 80m and the extension range is relatively large;

[0064] The surface F-type well fracturing method for a single extremely thick disaster-causing layer specifically includes: arranging various horizontal wells in the single extremely thick disaster-causing layer, and two horizontal wells share the same vertical section to form an inverted F-type horizontal well arrangement, thereby reducing the construction steps when arranging the horizontal wells, reducing the investment in manpower and material resources, and at the same time can stably ensure the fracturing effect on the single extremely thick disaster-causing layer.

[0065] In some embodiments, in S3, after performing corresponding fracturing operations or blasting operations according to the preliminary disaster-causing layer treatment plan, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the tunnel to provide stable support force for the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

[0066] The support strength and energy absorption capacity of the tunnel support are the key to preventing and controlling the impact ground pressure in the tunnel. That is, the support must not only provide high support strength under normal support conditions, but also quickly give way to absorb energy when sudden surrounding rock impacts occur. In addition, during the process of giving way, it must always maintain a stable support force on the surrounding rock to maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

[0067] When adopting tunnel anti-impact energy-absorbing support to prevent and control rock burst, not only the energy-absorbing support equipment must meet the anti-impact requirements, but the synergistic effect between the energy-absorbing support and the tunnel surrounding rock is also crucial, which determines the energy absorption and stress field regulation effect of the energy-absorbing support and the surrounding rock, thereby improving the prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake.

[0068] In some embodiments, in S4, rock burst prevention and control effect inspection technology and mine earthquake prevention and control effect inspection technology are used to inspect the coordinated prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake compound disasters. Microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well, coal body stress, and multi-base point displacement monitoring equipment are used to monitor the mining process of the working face, and analyze the collapse of thick roof, energy release, and stress evolution process.

[0069] Sensitive indicators for evaluating thick roof management are proposed to evaluate the disastrous nature of thick roof management and the effectiveness of engineering measures. The indicators include: energy release intensity of thick roof fracture, energy level and frequency of large-energy microseismic events, cluster effect of microseismic events, fracture energy of high-position roof, influence range of working face support pressure, periodic pressure step distance and surface subsidence velocity, etc.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0071] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0072] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0073] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0074] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling rock burst and mining earthquake combined disasters by fracturing of F-type wells on the ground, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the key layer theory, multiple key layers of the thick roof are determined, and the disaster-causing main control layer model is established using the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well. The layer position of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer are determined by combining the key layer and the disaster-causing main control layer model; S2. Establish a ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the position, thickness and rock formation information of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, so as to coordinate the management of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, and conduct a ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan test on site, and revise the ground F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the test results; S3. According to the revised surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan and the disaster-causing main control layer model, a coordinated fracturing prevention and control operation is performed on the thick roof with the impact disaster-causing main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; S4. Check the coordinated prevention and control effect of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake.

2. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by fracturing a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, when the main control layer causing disasters is determined, the microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well are combined to count the microseismic events detected within a certain period of time, and the microseismic events occurring within the time period are divided and counted at different orders of magnitude. The box plot and the event scatter normal distribution diagram are combined to conduct statistical analysis on impacts of different orders of magnitude, so as to jointly determine the main control layer causing impact disasters and the main control layer causing mine earthquake disasters.

3. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by fracturing a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The box plot uses the vertical height of the coal seam as the 0 scale; The median value of the vertical distribution determined by the box plot is used as the central vertical height of the main control layer of the impact disaster. The vertical distribution heights corresponding to the upper quartile and lower quartile of the box plot are taken as the stratigraphic range of the main controlling layer of the impact disaster.

4. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by fracturing a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When a mine earthquake occurs, the energy magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the main controlling layer causing impact disasters and the coal seam. The layer where the mine earthquake occurs within the statistical time period is the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters, and the vertical distribution range of the mine earthquakes within the statistical time period is the layer range of the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters.

5. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by hydraulic fracturing of a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, when conducting the collaborative governance program test for multiple disaster-causing layers, a test site was selected on site, and according to the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers, collaborative governance tests for the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer were carried out on the thick roof in the test site, and microseismic monitoring was carried out again. According to the detection results, an experimental comparison model was established, and the experimental comparison model was analyzed and compared with the disaster main control model using a combination of box plots and event scatter normal distribution diagrams. According to the analysis and comparison results, the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers was revised.

6. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by fracturing a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The optional solutions in the surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan include: double-disaster-causing layer surface F-type well fracturing method, local mine earthquake disaster-causing layer surface F-type well fracturing method and single thick disaster-causing layer surface F-type well fracturing method; When revising the surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan based on the test results, it includes reselecting the plan.

7. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by hydraulic fracturing of a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The application scenarios of the double-hazard layer ground F-type well fracturing method include: the coal mining working face is overlain by both the main hazard-causing stratum controlled by rock burst pressure and the main hazard-causing stratum controlled by mine earthquakes, and the horizontal extension range of the two rock strata is similar.

8. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by fracturing a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The application scenarios of the ground F-well fracturing method in local mine earthquake disaster-causing layers include: the coal mining working face is overlying the disaster-causing layers mainly controlled by impact ground pressure and the disaster-causing layers mainly controlled by mine earthquakes. However, the thickness and occurrence of the disaster-causing rock layers mainly controlled by mine earthquakes vary dramatically, and the horizontal extension range is small, but it also presents the characteristics of local thick layers and double disaster-causing layers. At the same time, the horizontal fracturing sections of the upper and lower layers produce vertical dislocations in different areas.

9. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by hydraulic fracturing of a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The application scenarios of the F-type well fracturing method on the ground of a single extremely thick disaster-causing layer include: when the coal seam mining working face is covered with an extremely thick key layer, that is, the thickness of a single rock layer exceeds 80m and extends over a large range.

10. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by hydraulic fracturing of a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, after the corresponding fracturing operation or blasting operation is carried out according to the initially established surface F-type well fracturing prevention and control plan, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the tunnel to provide stable support force for the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

11. A method for preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake by hydraulic fracturing of a ground F-type well as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, rock burst prevention and control effect testing technology and mine earthquake prevention and control effect testing technology are used to test the coordinated prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake combined disasters.

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