Cooperative prevention and control method for thick-layer roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake composite disasters

Abstract

The invention discloses a thick-layer roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake composite disaster cooperative prevention and control method, which comprises the following steps of: determining a plurality of key layers of a thick-layer roof according to a key layer theory, and establishing a disaster-causing main control layer model by using an underground micro-earthquake monitoring system, determining the position of an impact disaster-caused main control layer and the position of a mine earthquake disaster-caused main control layer by combining the key layer and the disaster-caused main control layer model; establishing a multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative treatment scheme according to the positions and thicknesses of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer and the information of the rock strata where the positions are located, then performing a scheme test, and correcting the treatment scheme according to a test result; according to the corrected multi-disaster-causing-layer collaborative treatment scheme and the disaster-causing main control layer model, collaborative fracturing prevention and control operation is conducted on the thick-layer roof with the impact disaster-causing main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; and the collaborative prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake composite disasters is checked. According to the invention, cooperative prevention and control of composite disasters of rock burst and mine earthquakes induced by the thick-layer roof can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal seam rock burst prevention and control, and in particular to a method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as coal resource mining has gradually shifted to the west, mine tremors and rock burst problems in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia have appeared with unprecedented frequency. Although no serious mine disasters have occurred, the strong ground tremors have made mine tremors a sensitive topic and caused social panic.

[0003] At present, the prevention and control of mine earthquakes and rock bursts in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia have the following problems: often after the occurrence of mine earthquakes, control is carried out according to the strata of the mine earthquakes, the control effect is not obvious, the target strata of control are unclear, and the control scope can only be expanded as much as possible to cover the target strata of control, and the control is blind; in actual engineering applications, the application of various technical means lacks a reliable theoretical basis, and the control effect of the implementation of relevant technical means lacks a reliable and accurate evaluation method. Whether mine earthquakes or rock bursts appear is often used as an indicator, and various plans often need to be continuously adjusted according to the actual control effect. Mines can only deal with them in a targeted manner after mine earthquakes and rock bursts appear, and the prevention and control is in a state of "correcting what happens and encouraging what doesn't happen"; due to the wide distribution range of thick and hard roofs in Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia, the disaster-causing properties of thick and hard roofs in different strata are different. In the same mine, roof control projects are carried out both underground and on the ground. The control of thick and hard roofs in various strata is not coordinated, and the roof control project is large in scale, high in cost and low in efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method for coordinated prevention and control of rock burst and mine earthquake compound disasters induced by thick roof, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. According to the key layer theory, multiple key layers of the thick roof are determined, and the disaster-causing main control layer model is established using the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well. The layer position of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer are determined by combining the key layer and the disaster-causing main control layer model;

[0007] S2. Establish a multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan based on the layer position, thickness and rock layer information of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, and conduct a multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan test on site, and revise the multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan based on the test results;

[0008] S3. According to the revised multi-disaster layer collaborative management plan and the disaster-causing main control layer model, collaborative fracturing prevention and control operations are carried out on the thick roof with the impact disaster-causing main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer;

[0009] S4. Check the coordinated prevention and control effect of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake.

[0010] The present invention realizes the coordinated prevention and control of the composite disaster of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof through the synchronous determination and coordinated management and protection of the main control layer of impact disaster and the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster, and provides a clearer theoretical basis for the management of composite disasters in areas where mine earthquakes and rock burst occur, thereby reducing the waste of resources and low management effect caused by blindness in the management of composite disasters.

[0011] Optionally, in S1, when determining the disaster-causing main control layer, the microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well are combined to count the microseismic events detected within a certain period of time, and the microseismic events occurring within the time period are divided and counted into different orders of magnitude. A box plot and a scatter normal distribution diagram of events are combined to perform statistical analysis on impacts of different orders of magnitude, so as to collaboratively determine the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the box plot uses the vertical height of the coal seam as the 0 scale;

[0013] The median value of the vertical distribution determined by the box plot is used as the central vertical height of the main control layer of the impact disaster.

[0014] The vertical distribution heights corresponding to the upper quartile and lower quartile of the box plot are taken as the stratigraphic range of the main controlling layer of the impact disaster.

[0015] Furthermore, when a mine earthquake occurs, the energy magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the main controlling layer causing impact disasters and the coal seam. The layer where the mine earthquake occurs within the statistical time period is the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters, and the vertical distribution range of the mine earthquakes within the statistical time period is the layer range of the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters.

[0016] Furthermore, in S2, when conducting the collaborative governance program test for multiple disaster-causing layers, a test site was selected on site, and according to the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers, collaborative governance tests were conducted on the thick roof in the test site for the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, and microseismic monitoring was carried out again. Based on the detection results, an experimental comparison model was established, and the experimental comparison model was analyzed and compared with the disaster main control model using a combination of box plots and event scatter normal distribution diagrams. Based on the analysis and comparison results, the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers was revised.

[0017] Furthermore, the options in the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance plan include blasting pre-splitting technology for the impact disaster main control layer, regional fracturing technology for the impact disaster main control layer, and ground fracturing technology for the mine earthquake disaster main control layer;

[0018] When selecting a coordinated management plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, at least one technical solution is selected from the blasting pre-splitting technology for the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the regional fracturing technology for the impact disaster-causing main control layer to cooperate with the ground fracturing technology for the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, so as to coordinate the management of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer;

[0019] The coordinated governance plan for multiple disaster-causing layers needs to consider the location, thickness and rock structure of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer at the same time, so as to determine the coordinated construction method for synchronous governance of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer;

[0020] When revising the collaborative governance plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, it includes reselecting the plan.

[0021] Furthermore, for rock formations that induce rock bursts caused by low-lying thick roof layers, the deep hole pre-splitting blasting method can be selected to relieve pressure, reduce the energy release of the thick roof layer, weaken the energy released during the roof breaking process to provide dynamic and static loads for rock bursts, thereby achieving pressure relief and anti-impact of the low-lying thick roof layer. The deep hole pre-splitting blasting method for the roof can be carried out on both sides of the working face.

[0022] Furthermore, for rock formations induced by rock bursts caused by low-lying thick roofs, regional fracturing of the main control layer of rock bursts can be selected. Regional fracturing technologies for the main control layer of rock bursts cause disasters include ground fracturing and downhole long-hole fracturing technologies. The choice of the two technologies is related to the distance between the thick roof and the coal seam, the burial depth, and the fracturing parameters.

[0023] The underground regional fracturing method can be carried out not only in the two drifts of the working face, but also in one of the tunnels of the working face, and can be coordinated with the ground fracturing technology of the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters to jointly control the main control layer of impact disasters and the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters;

[0024] The ground fracturing method for regional fracturing of the impact disaster main control layer can be implemented simultaneously with the ground fracturing of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer on the surface, and coordinated with the ground fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer to jointly manage the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0025] Furthermore, the distance between the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is large, so the ground fracturing technology is selected to treat the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster;

[0026] The main controlling layers of mine earthquake disasters include the upper mine earthquake layer and the lower mine earthquake layer. The distance between the upper mine earthquake layer and the coal seam is greater than that between the lower mine earthquake layer and the coal seam.

[0027] When the upper mine-seismic layer is treated by ground fracturing, the well axis of the horizontal well is located in the center of the upper mine-seismic layer, and the treatment is carried out synchronously with the selected impact disaster layer treatment technology to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster layer and the mine-seismic disaster main control layer;

[0028] When conducting ground fracturing treatment on the lower mine-seismic layer, it is necessary to simultaneously take into consideration the range of the impact disaster-causing main control layer, comprehensively determine the fracturing layer range and the well axis position of the horizontal well, so as to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine-seismic disaster-causing main control layer.

[0029] Furthermore, when conducting surface fracturing treatment on the lower mining earthquake layer, the factors to be considered in determining the range of the fracturing layer include:

[0030] Obtain the stratigraphic range of the lower mine earthquake layer and the stratigraphic range of the main control layer of the impact disaster;

[0031] Estimate the height of the collapse zone in the working face mining, control the height of the fracture zone by pre-fracture the roof with ground fracturing, and form a buffer layer to reduce the mine earthquake easily induced by the high roof fracture;

[0032] When selecting the rock formation where the horizontal well axis is located, the target formation of each horizontal well is uniformly determined based on the columnar diagrams of all rock formations in the treatment area.

[0033] Furthermore, in S3, after carrying out corresponding fracturing or blasting operations according to the preliminarily established coordinated management plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the tunnel to provide stable support force for the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

[0034] Furthermore, in S4, rock burst prevention and control effect testing technology and mine earthquake prevention and control effect testing technology are used to test the coordinated prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake combined disasters.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the method steps of a method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2It is a technical disassembly schematic diagram of a method for coordinated prevention and control of rock burst and mining earthquake compound disasters induced by thick roof according to the present invention, which aims to disassemble and demonstrate the composite technology used by the method for coordinated prevention and control of rock burst and mining earthquake compound disasters;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of key layer analysis of a method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof according to the present invention, aiming to show the determined position of the main control layer causing disaster among multiple key layers;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a box plot and a normal distribution diagram of event scatter points combined with a method for coordinated prevention and control of rock burst and mine earthquake compound disasters induced by thick roof according to the present invention, aiming to show the distribution of microseismic events before and after the treatment;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of bottom surface fracturing treatment according to an embodiment of a method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of a deep hole pre-splitting blasting opening of a thick roof in a method for coordinated prevention and control of rock burst and mine earthquake composite disasters induced by thick roof according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of an ultra-deep hole pre-splitting blasting opening in a thick roof using a pre-splitting technology for blasting a main control layer induced by impact disasters according to a method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by a thick roof according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0045] The present invention provides a method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof, and the following reference is made to Figure 1 See figure for detailed description.

[0046] A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. According to the key layer theory, multiple key layers of the thick roof are determined, and the disaster-causing main control layer model is established using the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well. The layer position of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer are determined by combining the key layer and the disaster-causing main control layer model;

[0048] S2. Establish a multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan based on the layer position, thickness and rock layer information of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, and conduct a multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan test on site, and revise the multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan based on the test results;

[0049] S3. According to the revised multi-disaster layer collaborative management plan and the disaster-causing main control layer model, collaborative fracturing prevention and control operations are carried out on the thick roof with the impact disaster-causing main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer;

[0050] S4. Check the coordinated prevention and control effect of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake.

[0051] The present invention realizes the coordinated prevention and control of the composite disaster of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof through the synchronous determination and coordinated management and protection of the main control layer of impact disaster and the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster, and provides a clearer theoretical basis for the management of composite disasters in areas where mine earthquakes and rock burst occur, thereby reducing the waste of resources and low management effect caused by blindness in the management of composite disasters.

[0052] In some embodiments, in S1, when the disaster-causing main control layer is determined, the microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well are combined to count the microseismic events detected within a certain period of time, and the microseismic events occurring within the time period are divided and counted at different orders of magnitude. A box plot and a scatter normal distribution diagram of events are combined to perform statistical analysis on impacts of different orders of magnitude, so as to collaboratively determine the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer.

[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown in the box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram on the left, the box plot takes the vertical height of the coal seam as 0 scale;

[0054] The median value of the vertical distribution determined by the box plot is used as the central vertical height of the main control layer of the impact disaster.

[0055] The vertical distribution heights corresponding to the upper quartile and lower quartile of the box plot are taken as the stratigraphic range of the main controlling layer of the impact disaster.

[0056] Specifically, when dividing the microseismic events into different orders of magnitude, it is necessary to monitor the thick roof for microseismic events in real time before the mine earthquake causes the shutdown. The monitored vibration energy is used as the division standard, and the unit is J. Different powers of 10 are used as different order levels. The number of microseismic events detected is statistically 4 Microseismic events of J and above.

[0057] And because the energy magnitude of the layer where mine earthquakes occur is significantly higher than the energy magnitude detected by the impact disaster-causing main control layer, in the box plot, the microseismic events corresponding to mine earthquakes are significantly higher than the corresponding range of the upper quartile. The vertical distribution range corresponding to the mine earthquake events that are significantly higher than the upper quartile is statistically calculated and used as the range of the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer.

[0058] In one embodiment, in order to further determine the horizontal well axis arrangement range of the impact disaster main control layer during fracturing, a high-level fracturing test can be carried out in the area where the impact ground pressure is generated, and then microseismic monitoring can be carried out in the area again, and a box plot and an event scatter point normal distribution diagram are combined to perform statistical analysis on impacts of different orders of magnitude, and a box plot of microseismic events after high-level fracturing is obtained, such as Figure 4 As shown in the middle box plot and the event scatter normal distribution diagram, the median value in the box plot is taken as the first value, and the median value of the box plot corresponding to the microseismic event measured before the shutdown is taken as the second value, forming a vertical distribution range with the first value and the second value as endpoints, and this range is used as the layout range of the horizontal well axis of the impact disaster main control layer.

[0059] Furthermore, after the overall treatment is completed, the microseismic events detected by the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well can be collected again, and the impacts of different orders of magnitude can be statistically analyzed by combining box plots and event scatter normal distribution diagrams, such as Figure 4 As shown in the box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram on the right, the vertical distribution range and frequency of microseismic events after treatment are statistically observed. A decrease in the distribution range and the frequency of occurrence indicates that the treatment has a significant effect.

[0060] In some embodiments, when a mine earthquake occurs, the energy magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the main control layer causing the mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the main control layer causing the impact disaster and the coal seam. The layer where the mine earthquake occurs within the statistical time period is the main control layer causing the mine earthquake disaster, and the vertical distribution range of the mine earthquake occurring within the statistical time period is the layer range of the main control layer causing the mine earthquake disaster.

[0061] In some embodiments, in S2, when conducting a collaborative governance program test for multiple disaster-causing layers, a test site is selected on site, and according to the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers, a collaborative governance test for the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer is conducted on the thick roof in the test site, and microseismic monitoring is performed again. An experimental comparison model is established based on the detection results, and the experimental comparison model and the disaster-causing main control model are analyzed and compared using a combination of box plots and event scatter normal distribution diagrams, and the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers is revised based on the analysis and comparison results.

[0062] In some embodiments, the optional solutions in the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance solution include: blasting pre-splitting technology for the impact disaster main control layer, regional fracturing technology for the impact disaster main control layer, and ground fracturing technology for the mine earthquake disaster main control layer;

[0063] When selecting a coordinated management plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, at least one technical solution is selected from the blasting pre-splitting technology for the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the regional fracturing technology for the impact disaster-causing main control layer to cooperate with the ground fracturing technology for the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, so as to coordinate the management of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer;

[0064] The coordinated governance plan for multiple disaster-causing layers needs to consider the location, thickness and rock structure of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer at the same time, so as to determine the coordinated construction method for synchronous governance of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer;

[0065] When revising the collaborative governance plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, it includes reselecting the plan.

[0066] In some embodiments, for rock formations induced by rock bursts caused by low-lying thick roofs, deep hole pre-splitting blasting can be used to relieve pressure, reduce the energy release of thick roofs, and weaken the energy released during the roof breaking process to provide dynamic and static loads for rock bursts, thereby achieving pressure relief and rock burst prevention for low-lying thick roofs. The deep hole pre-splitting blasting method for roofs can be carried out in two chute sections of the working face. The deep hole pre-splitting blasting technology is selected to cooperate with the ground fracturing technology of the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters to coordinate the management of the main control layer of rock burst disasters and the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters.

[0067] In a specific embodiment, when the deep hole pre-splitting blasting method is used for pressure relief, the blasting hole is 2.2m away from the old pond bank, and multiple groups of blasting holes are arranged in the rubber transport chute and the auxiliary transport chute. Each group of blasting holes has three blasting holes (ZK1 hole, ZK2 hole and ZK3 hole), and the group spacing is 15m. Figure 6 As shown, the corresponding information of each group of blast holes is as follows:

[0068] ZK1 hole depth is 62m, charging section length is 40m, charge weight is 140kg, elevation angle is 45°;

[0069] ZK2 hole depth is 62m, charging section length is 40m, charging amount is 140kg, elevation angle is 60°;

[0070] The ZK3 hole is 56m deep, the charging section is 36m long, the charge is 126kg, and the elevation angle is 75°.

[0071] In another embodiment, the distance between the main controlling layer of impact disaster and the coal seam is relatively large, and the ultra-deep hole pre-splitting blasting method can be used to treat the main controlling layer of impact disaster. In a specific embodiment, when the ultra-deep hole blasting method is used, the blasting hole is 2.2m away from the old pond ridge, and multiple groups of blasting holes are arranged in the rubber transport chute and the auxiliary transport chute, with 3 blasting holes (ZK4 hole, ZK5 hole and ZK6 hole) arranged in each group, and the group spacing is 60m, such as Figure 7 As shown, the corresponding information of each group of blast holes is as follows:

[0072] ZK5 hole depth 80m, charging section length 47m, charge 165kg, elevation angle 55°;

[0073] ZK6 hole depth 80m, charging section length 47m, charge 165kg, elevation angle 65°;

[0074] The ZK7 hole depth is 80m, the charging section length is 47m, the charging amount is 165kg, and the elevation angle is 75°.

[0075] In some embodiments, for the rock formation induced by rock burst caused by low-lying thick roof, a regional fracturing scheme for the main control layer of rock burst causing disasters may be selected. The regional fracturing technology for the main control layer of rock burst causing disasters includes ground fracturing and underground long hole fracturing technology. The selection of the two technologies is related to the distance between the thick roof and the coal seam, the burial depth, and the fracturing parameters. The greater the thickness of the rock formation, the greater the distance from the coal seam, and the greater the burial depth, the more advantages the ground fracturing has. The ground management of underground disasters is safer and has advanced, regional, and advance characteristics. The underground long hole fracturing is more suitable for situations where the disaster degree is low and the fracturing range is relatively small. Specifically:

[0076] The underground regional fracturing method can be carried out not only in the two drifts of the working face, but also in one of the tunnels of the working face, and can be coordinated with the ground fracturing technology of the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters to jointly control the main control layer of impact disasters and the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters;

[0077] The ground fracturing method for regional fracturing of the impact disaster main control layer can be implemented simultaneously with the ground fracturing of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer on the surface, and coordinated with the ground fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer to jointly manage the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0078] In some embodiments, in general, the distance between the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is large, but in some cases, the distance between the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam and the distance between the main control layer of impact disaster and the coal seam are close, and the ground fracturing technology is selected to treat the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster;

[0079] The main control layer of mine earthquake disasters includes the upper mine earthquake layer and the lower mine earthquake layer. The distance between the upper mine earthquake layer and the coal seam is greater than that between the lower mine earthquake layer and the coal seam. The lower mine earthquake layer and the main control layer of impact disasters are vertically distributed in a highly similar manner.

[0080] When the upper mine-seismic layer is treated by surface fracturing, the well axis of the horizontal well is at the center of the upper mine-seismic layer; at this time, the horizontal well of the impact disaster layer is at the center of the impact disaster main control layer, and the bottom surface fracturing technology of the mine-seismic layer and the selected impact disaster layer treatment technology are simultaneously constructed and treated to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster layer and the mine-seismic main control layer;

[0081] When conducting ground fracturing treatment on the lower mine-seismic layer, it is necessary to simultaneously take into consideration the range of the impact disaster-causing main control layer, comprehensively determine the fracturing layer range and the well axis position of the horizontal well, so as to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine-seismic disaster-causing main control layer.

[0082] In some embodiments, when performing surface fracturing treatment on the lower mining stratum, factors to be considered in determining the range of the fracturing stratum include:

[0083] Obtain the stratigraphic range of the lower mine earthquake layer and the stratigraphic range of the main control layer of the impact disaster;

[0084] Estimate the height of the collapse zone in the working face mining, control the height of the fracture zone by pre-fracture the roof with ground fracturing, and form a buffer layer to reduce the mine earthquake easily induced by the high roof fracture;

[0085] When selecting the rock formation where the horizontal well axis is located, the target formation of each horizontal well is uniformly determined based on the columnar diagrams of all rock formations in the treatment area.

[0086] The ground fracturing method is used to carry out fracturing treatment on the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters and the main control layer of impact disasters. According to different disaster-causing layers, the "two rows and double layers" horizontal well arrangement is implemented. "Double layer" means that the fracturing layer is recorded as the first fracturing layer and the second fracturing layer according to the main control layer of impact disasters and the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters respectively. "Double row" means that two rows of horizontal wells are formed in each fracturing layer for fracturing.

[0087] During the construction process, the first horizontal well arrangement is performed on the first fracturing layer and the second fracturing layer synchronously, and the first fracturing operation is performed; then the second horizontal well arrangement is performed on the first fracturing layer and the second fracturing layer synchronously, and the second fracturing operation is performed.

[0088] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, there are 8 horizontal wells arranged, which are respectively recorded as wells 1-8. Among the wells 1-8, wells 1-4 form a group, and wells 5-8 form a group. The two groups of horizontal wells form a cross arrangement to fully cover the blind area and reduce the fracturing blind area;

[0089] During the first fracturing operation, wells 1 and 5 are arranged alternately in the first fracturing layer (the main control layer for impact disasters), and wells 2 and 6 are arranged alternately in the second fracturing layer (the main control layer for mine earthquake disasters);

[0090] During the second fracturing operation, wells 3 and 7 are arranged alternately in the first fracturing layer (the main control layer for impact disasters), and wells 4 and 8 are arranged alternately in the second fracturing layer (the main control layer for mine earthquake disasters);

[0091] Since the main control layer causing mine earthquake disasters has a large span, there may be a certain height difference between Well 2, Well 4, Well 6 and Well 8 in the vertical direction.

[0092] In some embodiments, in S3, after performing corresponding fracturing operations or blasting operations according to the preliminarily established multi-hazard layer coordinated management plan, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the tunnel to provide stable support force for the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

[0093] The support strength and energy absorption capacity of the tunnel support are the key to preventing and controlling the impact ground pressure in the tunnel. That is, the support must not only provide high support strength under normal support conditions, but also quickly give way to absorb energy when sudden surrounding rock impacts occur. In addition, during the process of giving way, it must always maintain a stable support force on the surrounding rock to maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

[0094] When adopting tunnel anti-impact energy-absorbing support to prevent and control rock burst, not only the energy-absorbing support equipment must meet the anti-impact requirements, but the synergistic effect between the energy-absorbing support and the tunnel surrounding rock is also crucial, which determines the energy absorption and stress field regulation effect of the energy-absorbing support and the surrounding rock, thereby improving the prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake.

[0095] In some embodiments, in S4, rock burst prevention and control effect inspection technology and mine earthquake prevention and control effect inspection technology are used to inspect the coordinated prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake compound disasters. Microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well, coal body stress, and multi-base point displacement monitoring equipment are used to monitor the mining process of the working face, and analyze the collapse of thick roof, energy release, and stress evolution process.

[0096] Sensitive indicators for evaluating thick roof management are proposed to evaluate the disastrous nature of thick roof management and the effectiveness of engineering measures. The indicators include: energy release intensity of thick roof fracture, energy level and frequency of large-energy microseismic events, cluster effect of microseismic events, fracture energy of high-position roof, influence range of working face support pressure, periodic pressure step distance and surface subsidence velocity, etc.

[0097] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0098] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0099] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0100] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0101] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0102] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the key layer theory, multiple key layers of the thick roof are determined, and the disaster-causing main control layer model is established using the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well. The layer position of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer are determined by combining the key layer and the disaster-causing main control layer model; S2. Establish a multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan based on the layer position, thickness and rock layer information of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, and conduct a multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan test on site, and revise the multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan based on the test results; S3. According to the revised multi-disaster layer collaborative management plan and the disaster-causing main control layer model, collaborative fracturing prevention and control operations are carried out on the thick roof with the impact disaster-causing main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; S4. Check the coordinated prevention and control effect of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake.

2. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, when the main control layer causing disasters is determined, the microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well are combined to count the microseismic events detected within a certain period of time, and the microseismic events occurring within the time period are divided and counted at different orders of magnitude. The box plot and the event scatter normal distribution diagram are combined to conduct statistical analysis on impacts of different orders of magnitude, so as to jointly determine the main control layer causing impact disasters and the main control layer causing mine earthquake disasters.

3. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The box plot uses the vertical height of the coal seam as the 0 scale; The median value of the vertical distribution determined by the box plot is used as the central vertical height of the main control layer of the impact disaster. The vertical distribution heights corresponding to the upper quartile and lower quartile of the box plot are taken as the stratigraphic range of the main controlling layer of the impact disaster.

4. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: When a mine earthquake occurs, the energy magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the main controlling layer causing impact disasters and the coal seam. The layer where the mine earthquake occurs within the statistical time period is the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters, and the vertical distribution range of the mine earthquakes within the statistical time period is the layer range of the main controlling layer causing mine earthquake disasters.

5. The method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, when conducting the collaborative governance program test for multiple disaster-causing layers, a test site was selected on site, and according to the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers, collaborative governance tests for the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer were carried out on the thick roof in the test site, and microseismic monitoring was carried out again. According to the detection results, an experimental comparison model was established, and the experimental comparison model was analyzed and compared with the disaster main control model using a combination of box plots and event scatter normal distribution diagrams. According to the analysis and comparison results, the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers was revised.

6. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The options for the coordinated management of multiple disaster-causing layers include blasting pre-splitting technology for the main control layer of impact disasters, regional fracturing technology for the main control layer of impact disasters, and ground fracturing technology for the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters. When selecting a coordinated management plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, at least one technical solution is selected from the blasting pre-splitting technology for the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the regional fracturing technology for the impact disaster-causing main control layer to cooperate with the ground fracturing technology for the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, so as to coordinate the management of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; The coordinated governance plan for multiple disaster-causing layers needs to consider the location, thickness and rock structure of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer at the same time, so as to determine the coordinated construction method for synchronous governance of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; When revising the collaborative governance plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, it includes reselecting the plan.

7. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: For rock formations that induce rock bursts due to low-lying thick roof layers, deep hole pre-splitting blasting can be used to relieve pressure, reduce the energy release of the thick roof layers, and weaken the energy released during the roof breaking process to provide dynamic and static loads for rock bursts, thereby achieving pressure relief and rock burst prevention for the low-lying thick roof layers. The deep hole pre-splitting blasting method for the roof can be carried out on both sides of the working face.

8. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: For rock formations induced by rock burst caused by low-lying thick roof, regional fracturing schemes for the main controlling layer of rock burst disasters can be selected. Regional fracturing technologies for the main controlling layer of rock burst disasters include ground fracturing and downhole long-hole fracturing technologies. The choice of the two technologies is related to the distance between the thick roof and the coal seam, the burial depth, and the fracturing parameters. The underground regional fracturing method can be carried out not only in the two drifts of the working face, but also in one of the tunnels of the working face, and can be coordinated with the ground fracturing technology of the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters to jointly control the main control layer of impact disasters and the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters; The ground fracturing method for regional fracturing of the impact disaster main control layer can be implemented simultaneously with the ground fracturing of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer on the surface, and coordinated with the ground fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer to jointly manage the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

9. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The distance between the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is large, so the ground fracturing technology is used to treat the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster; The main controlling layers of mine earthquake disasters include the upper mine earthquake layer and the lower mine earthquake layer. The distance between the upper mine earthquake layer and the coal seam is greater than that between the lower mine earthquake layer and the coal seam. When the upper mine-seismic layer is treated by ground fracturing, the well axis of the horizontal well is located in the center of the upper mine-seismic layer, and the treatment is carried out synchronously with the selected impact disaster layer treatment technology to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster layer and the mine-seismic disaster main control layer; When conducting ground fracturing treatment on the lower mine-seismic layer, it is necessary to simultaneously take into consideration the range of the impact disaster-causing main control layer, comprehensively determine the fracturing layer range and the well axis position of the horizontal well, so as to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine-seismic disaster-causing main control layer.

10. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: When conducting surface fracturing treatment on the lower mining strata, the factors to be considered in determining the range of the fracturing strata include: Obtain the stratigraphic range of the lower mine earthquake layer and the stratigraphic range of the main control layer of the impact disaster; Estimate the height of the collapse zone in the working face mining, control the height of the fracture zone by pre-fracture the roof with ground fracturing, and form a buffer layer to reduce the mine earthquake easily induced by the high roof fracture; When selecting the rock formation where the horizontal well axis is located, the target formation of each horizontal well is uniformly determined based on the columnar diagrams of all rock formations in the treatment area.

11. A method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, after carrying out corresponding fracturing or blasting operations according to the preliminary coordinated management plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the tunnel to provide stable support force for the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

12. The method for coordinated prevention and control of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, rock burst prevention and control effect testing technology and mine earthquake prevention and control effect testing technology are used to test the coordinated prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake combined disasters.

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