Rotary optical shutter opening and closing device

Abstract

The invention provides a rotary type optical shutter opening and closing device, relates to the technical field of X-ray diffractometers, and aims to solve the technical problem that an optical shutter and a slit device are independently designed in the prior art, and a certain gap exists between the optical shutter and the slit device, so that X-rays leak from a mounting gap. A rotary optical shutter opening and closing device comprises an optical shutter which is opened and closed to allow X-rays to pass through; the through hole is used for the line focus X-ray light source to pass through; one end of the through hole is a light inlet hole, and the other end is a light outlet hole; the slits capable of adjusting different calibers are formed at the light outlet hole and the light inlet hole of the optical shutter; the driving mechanism is connected with the optical shutter and is used for driving the optical shutter to open and close; and the safety mechanism is connected with the optical shutter and used for driving the optical shutter to be closed under the condition that the driving mechanism is powered off. Through the integrated design of the optical shutter and the slit, the installation gap caused by traditional independent arrangement is eliminated, the leakage path of X-rays in a non-working state is blocked, and the safety risk to operators is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of X-ray diffractometers, and in particular to a rotary shutter opening and closing device. Background Art

[0002] X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a core analytical tool in the field of materials science and crystallography, and its application range covers a wide range of fields from basic scientific research to industrial production quality control. This technology is based on the diffraction phenomenon caused by the interaction between X-rays and the orderly arrangement of atoms inside the material, providing scientists with the ability to explore the structural details of the microscopic world. By analyzing the diffraction patterns obtained by XRD experiments, researchers can obtain key information about the sample unit cell parameters, atomic positions and distribution, and thus gain a deep understanding of the physical and chemical properties of the material. The XRD method is known for its non-destructiveness and high precision, and is particularly suitable for the structural characterization of powdered or solid samples.

[0003] In X-ray diffraction (XRD) applications, the optical shutter is mainly used to control the light path between the X-ray source and the sample to ensure the safety of the experiment and the accuracy of data collection. The existing types of optical shutters mainly include: Gate shutter: It consists of a set of gates made of heavy metal materials, which can be quickly moved by a motor to block or expose the X-ray path. This type of shutter is usually more durable and stable, suitable for frequent use environments.

[0004] Rotary shutter: The direction of X-ray emission is constrained by rotating one or more blades around the axis, thereby realizing the switching function of the optical path. This design can provide fast response and symmetrical operation of the X-ray beam.

[0005] Currently, the optical shutter is generally installed after the X-ray source and before the incident slit. This arrangement allows the X-ray path to be completely blocked when it is not needed, protecting the sample and other optical components from unnecessary radiation. However, the existing optical shutter and slit device are two independent devices, and there is a certain gap between the two. When open, X-rays may leak from the installation gap, increasing the safety risk of the operator. It may also interfere with other equipment in the surrounding environment and affect the safety and stability of the experimental environment. And because the optical shutter and slit devices are designed independently, it is difficult to achieve continuous and accurate positioning relative to the center line of the light beam, which limits the ability to finely control the X-ray beam and may affect the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a rotary shutter opening and closing device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a rotary shutter opening and closing device to solve the technical problems that the shutter and the slit device are designed independently in the prior art, there is a certain gap between the two, it is difficult to achieve continuous and accurate positioning relative to the center line of the light beam, and in the open state, X-rays may leak from the installation gap. The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce many technical effects as described below.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a rotary shutter opening and closing device, comprising: Shutter: Opens and closes to allow X-rays to pass through at specific time intervals and irradiate the target object; Through hole: a hole extending through the light gate and used for passing the line focus X-ray light source; one end of the through hole is a light inlet hole, and the other end is a light outlet hole; Slit: Slits of different calibers can be adjusted at the light exit hole and the light entrance hole of the shutter to achieve regulation of the X-ray beam parallel to the filament; Driving mechanism: connected to the light gate, used to drive the light gate to open and close; at the same time, adjust the slits formed at the light exit hole and the light entrance hole, and close the light gate after the slits are adjusted to the minimum; Safety mechanism: connected to the light shutter, used to drive the light shutter to close when the driving mechanism is powered off to ensure safety.

[0009] Furthermore, the optical shutter includes a shutter body, and the through hole is formed through the shutter body. The gate sleeve, the gate body is rotatably mounted on the gate sleeve, and is used to support and guide the rotational movement of the gate body. The gate sleeve is provided with a light inlet gate corresponding to the light inlet hole and a light outlet gate corresponding to the light outlet hole, wherein the rotation axis of the gate body is parallel to the focal line of the linear focus X-ray light source, so that during the rotation of the gate body, the light outlet hole overlaps or partially overlaps with the light outlet gate, and the light inlet hole can overlap or partially overlap with the light inlet gate, forming slits of different calibers.

[0010] Furthermore, the Sollar aperture is fixedly installed at the center of the through hole. The Sollar aperture is composed of a plurality of parallel and equally spaced metal sheets, the planes of which are perpendicular to the focal line of the X-ray light source, and are used to limit the divergence of the X-rays in the vertical direction of the line focus. In the vertical direction of the focus, there is a Sollar slit constraint with a fixed divergence angle, and in the parallel direction, there are continuously adjustable light inlet and light outlet gate constraints.

[0011] Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises: The stepper motor is fixedly mounted on the brake sleeve, and the output shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the brake body; The controller is used to control the rotation angle and rotation direction of the stepper motor and is fixedly installed on the stepper motor or independently set.

[0012] Furthermore, the insurance institution also includes: The light shielding plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor, is arranged in a fan shape, and rotates with the rotation of the output shaft of the stepper motor; A first photoelectric switch is fixedly mounted on the gate sleeve and is connected to a first indicator light. When the light shield is located in the first photoelectric switch, the light gate is in an open state and the first indicator light is on. The second photoelectric switch is fixedly mounted on the gate sleeve and is connected to a second indicator light. When the light blocking plate is separated from the first photoelectric switch and enters the second photoelectric switch, the light gate is in a closed state and the second indicator light is on.

[0013] Furthermore, the first indicator light is red, and the second indicator light is green.

[0014] Furthermore, the first photoelectric switch and the second photoelectric switch are both connected in series in the safety circuit of the X-ray emitting light source, and the X-ray emitting light source is allowed to be turned on only when the light shield is in the first photoelectric switch but not in the second photoelectric switch.

[0015] Furthermore, the safety mechanism includes a positioning block, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor and arranged opposite to the light shield. At the same time, the gate sleeve is fixedly connected to a limit shaft, which extends along the output shaft direction of the stepper motor. When the light gate is closed, the stepper motor drives the light shield to rotate completely away from the first photoelectric switch and the second photoelectric switch, and the positioning block abuts against the limit shaft. The dual photoelectric switch design realizes sensor interlocking backup and improves the reliability of the safety mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting shaft includes a shock-absorbing sleeve sleeved on the stepping motor. When the positioning block abuts against the limiting shaft, it contacts the shock-absorbing sleeve, thereby providing a buffer to reduce the vibration of the light shutter mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, the safety mechanism includes a reset spring and a positioning column, the positioning column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning block, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the gate sleeve, and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning column. When the light gate is in the open state, the reset spring is in a stretched state; when the light gate opening and closing device is accidentally powered off, the stepper motor loses power, and the reset spring pulls the positioning column to drive the positioning block to rotate, and abuts against the limit shaft to realize automatic closing of the light gate.

[0018] The present invention provides a rotary shutter opening and closing device, which, through the cooperation of a driving mechanism and a safety mechanism, enables the shutter to be closed in time when a power failure occurs to ensure effective control and shielding of the X-ray beam emission angle. The following are the main technical effects of the device: Improved safety: The integrated design of the shutter and slit eliminates the installation gap caused by the traditional independent setting, thereby completely blocking the leakage path of X-rays in the working state, greatly reducing the safety risk to the operator.

[0019] The design of the safety mechanism enables the drive mechanism to automatically close the shutter and reliably display and output the shutter status in the event of a power outage. This ensures that even in emergencies such as power failures, X-rays will not leak uncontrollably into the sample area or laboratory environment, greatly reducing the safety risks of experimenters and the impact on the surrounding environment and equipment.

[0020] Precise control of beam size improves experimental data quality: Since the shutter can be closed quickly when the power is off, the sample is prevented from being exposed to high-intensity X-rays in any uncontrolled manner. The precise slit size control and coaxial design ensure the symmetry and effectiveness of the optical path constraint, reduce the impact of stray rays on the background, and ensure the quality and repeatability of the experimental data. This is especially important for samples that require precise control of irradiation or are sensitive to X-rays.

[0021] Enhanced equipment reliability: The design of the rotary shutter opening and closing device makes the entire system more reliable and compact, reducing the risks introduced by the independent design of each function and the connection of multiple devices. Compared with the traditional shutter with each function realized independently, this improvement can effectively reduce the maintenance requirements and improve the long-term operation efficiency of the equipment.

[0022] Optimize experimental condition control: The slit layout parallel and symmetrical to the focus of the X-ray light source further enhances the device's ability to accurately control the X-ray irradiation time and intensity. The device can not only accurately adjust the on and off of X-rays under normal working conditions, but also maintain good control performance under abnormal conditions, which helps to achieve more sophisticated experimental design and higher measurement accuracy.

[0023] Reduce maintenance costs and potential risks: It reduces the interference of other precision instruments caused by accidental X-ray exposure, reduces the maintenance cost and potential risks in the laboratory. At the same time, it also ensures that the status prompt and output of equipment failure ensures that the equipment is under control.

[0024] In summary, the rotary shutter opening and closing device provided by the present invention significantly improves the safety and stability of the XRD system, improves the controllability of experimental conditions, and provides users with a more convenient and reliable use experience. These technical effects jointly promote the application and development of XRD systems in materials science research and industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of the internal structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention: Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of part of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial structural axial schematic diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of the reference numerals: 100, light gate; 110, gate body; 120, gate sleeve; 130, Sollar aperture; 140, through hole; 150, light exit hole; 160, light entrance hole; 170, light exit gate port; 180, light entrance gate port; 190, accommodating chamber; 200, driving mechanism; 210, stepping motor; 220, coupling; 230, light baffle; 240, first photoelectric switch; 250, second photoelectric switch; 260, first indicator light; 270, second indicator light; 280, controller; 300, insurance mechanism; 310, positioning block; 320, reset spring; 330, connecting column; 340, positioning column; 350, limit shaft; 360, shock-absorbing sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an important method for studying the crystal structure of materials. It uses the interaction between X-rays and the atomic arrangement inside the crystal, and by analyzing the intensity and angle distribution of the scattered X-rays, detailed information about the crystal structure can be obtained.

[0032] When X-rays hit a substance, they are scattered. For crystalline substances, this scattering exhibits a special diffraction phenomenon due to the periodic structure of the arrangement of atoms, molecules or ions inside them. Specifically, when X-rays interact with a crystal, coherent scattered waves with the same wavelength as the incident wave interfere. In certain specific directions, these scattered waves are in phase, resulting in an increase in intensity; in other directions, they may cancel each other out. This process is similar to the phenomenon that occurs when visible light passes through a diffraction grating, and is based on the principles of wave optics.

[0033] The directions in which diffraction can occur in a crystal are determined by its microstructure, including the unit cell type and basic dimensions (such as interplanar spacing and unit cell parameters). The intensity of the diffraction line depends on the types of components in the crystal structure and their spatial distribution. Therefore, by analyzing the diffraction pattern, we can obtain detailed information about the crystal structure. From the perspective of mathematical transformation, the diffraction pattern of a crystal can be regarded as the Fourier transform of its three-dimensional atomic structure, which provides a method to convert structural information in physical space into a measurable diffraction pattern in reciprocal space.

[0034] Crystal diffraction technology is one of the most basic and powerful tools for studying crystal structure, especially X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) technology, which is suitable for powder samples and can accurately measure the diffraction angle to determine the structural characteristics of the crystal.

[0035] In powder diffraction, the sample is composed of a large number of tiny crystal particles with random orientations. Therefore, when X-rays are irradiated onto such a sample, as long as the incident angle satisfies Bragg's law, that is, nλ=2dsin(θ), where n is an integer (usually 1), λ is the wavelength of the X-ray, d is the interplanar spacing, and θ is the incident angle, diffraction signals will be obtained from crystal particles in different directions. Since the orientation of the crystal particles in the powder is random, for each interplanar spacing d that meets the conditions, a diffraction peak will be generated at the corresponding diffraction angle 2θ, which makes the powder diffraction pattern present a series of discrete diffraction peaks.

[0036] In a typical powder diffractometer setup, the X-ray source provides a line-focus light source that is parallel to the rotation axis of the goniometer. A sample stage is located in the center of the goniometer to place the sample, ensuring that the sample plane is aligned with the rotation axis. The sample stage and the detector arm rotate synchronously around the same axis (i.e., the O axis) to measure the diffraction intensity at different angles. This configuration enables the instrument to systematically collect diffraction data from crystal particles of various orientations to construct a complete diffraction pattern. This method is not only applicable to single crystal analysis, but is also particularly suitable for polycrystalline powder samples, as the latter provide a statistical averaging effect and avoid the bias introduced by single crystal orientation.

[0037] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 The present application is further described in detail. An embodiment of the present application discloses a rotary shutter opening and closing device.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a rotary shutter opening and closing device includes a shutter 100, a driving mechanism 200 and a safety mechanism 300.

[0039] The optical shutter 100 has an opening and closing function, and can accurately control the passage of X-rays within a predetermined time interval, thereby realizing timed irradiation of the sample. A through hole 140 is provided inside the optical shutter 100, one end of which is a light inlet hole 160, and the other end is a light outlet hole 150, to ensure that the X-rays can smoothly enter and pass through the optical shutter 100, and finally accurately irradiate the sample surface. This design helps to reduce background noise, improve signal contrast, and thus enhance the clarity of the diffraction pattern.

[0040] The drive mechanism 200 is responsible for driving the shutter 100 to open and close, ensuring that the X-rays pass through the shutter 100 and irradiate the sample only within a predetermined time. This precise time control helps reduce unnecessary radiation exposure and protects experimenters and equipment.

[0041] The insurance mechanism 300 is connected to the light gate 100 and has a quick response mechanism. When an unexpected power outage occurs, the insurance mechanism 300 can be activated immediately to quickly close the light gate 100 to prevent damage to the sample caused by accidental exposure to high-intensity X-rays. The existence of this insurance mechanism greatly improves the safety of the experiment and avoids potential safety hazards. Even in extreme cases, the safety of the experimental environment can be ensured, and the experimenters and equipment can be protected from damage. At the same time, this also helps to maintain the continuity and repeatability of experimental data and improve the reliability and credibility of scientific research work.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the optical shutter 100 includes a shutter body 110 for passing a linear focus X-ray light source, a shutter sleeve 120 rotatably mounted on the shutter body 110 , and a Sollar aperture 130 for controlling the direction and intensity of the X-ray beam.

[0043] The through hole 140 is formed on the shutter body 110 and penetrates along a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, with one end being a light inlet hole 160 and the other end being a light outlet hole 150 .

[0044] The Sollar aperture 130 is fixedly installed at the center of the through hole 140. It is composed of a plurality of parallel and equally spaced metal sheets, the planes of which are not only parallel to the penetration direction of the through hole 140, but also perpendicular to the focal line of the X-ray light source. The function of the Sollar aperture 130 is to limit the divergence of the X-rays in the axial direction of the goniometer, so that the X-ray beam can be approximately regarded as a divergent beam that diverges only on the scanning circular plane.

[0045] The gate sleeve 120 is provided in a sleeve shape and is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the gate body 110 . The gate sleeve 120 is provided with a light exit gate 170 and a light entrance gate 180 . The two gates are arranged opposite to each other, and their penetration directions are parallel to the plane of the metal sheet in the Sollar aperture 130 .

[0046] An accommodating cavity 190 is extended inside the gate sleeve 120, and the top of the accommodating cavity 190 just passes through the center of the through direction of the light exit gate 170 and the light entrance gate 180, and the gate body 110 is rotatably arranged in the accommodating cavity 190. The rotation axis of the gate body 110 is parallel to the focal line of the X-ray light source, so that during the rotation of the gate body 110, the light exit hole 150 can overlap or partially overlap with the light exit gate 170, and the light entrance hole 160 can overlap or partially overlap with the light entrance gate 180, thereby forming slits of different calibers.

[0047] The driving mechanism 200 is fixedly mounted on the brake sleeve 120 to drive the brake body 110 to rotate in the brake sleeve 120. The specific operation is as follows: Opening mode: When the shutter body 110 rotates to completely align the light inlet hole 160 with the light inlet gate 180, and the light outlet hole 150 with the light outlet gate 170, the X-ray beam can pass through the shutter 100, realizing the opening of the shutter 100. At this time, the slit aperture is maximized, allowing the maximum range of divergent beams to pass through. Maximizing the beam intensity is suitable for high-sensitivity measurement.

[0048] Closed mode: When the shutter body 110 rotates to completely offset the light inlet hole 160 from the light inlet gate 180, and the light outlet hole 150 from the light outlet gate 170, the X-ray beam cannot pass through the shutter 100, and the shutter 100 is closed. This design effectively prevents unnecessary radiation exposure and protects experimenters and equipment.

[0049] Slit adjustment mechanism Slit aperture changes: When the gate body 110 rotates, the relative positions of the light exit hole 150 and the light exit gate 170 change, and the relative positions of the light entrance hole 160 and the light entrance gate 180 also change, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the slit aperture. Specifically: Maximum aperture state: When the light exit hole 150 is completely located in the light exit gate 170 and the light entrance hole 160 is completely located in the light entrance gate 180, the slit aperture is formed to the maximum, and the slit width is the largest at this time, allowing the largest range of divergent light beams to pass through. It maximizes the beam intensity and is suitable for low-resolution measurements.

[0050] Minimum aperture state: As the gate body 110 continues to rotate, the light exit hole 150 gradually deviates from the light exit gate port 170, the light entrance hole 160 gradually deviates from the light entrance gate port 180, and the slit aperture gradually decreases, eventually forming a minimum aperture, which is used to accurately control the width of the divergent light beam or the received diffracted light beam. It can effectively improve the resolution, reduce background noise, and enhance the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0051] Slit aperture variation law: As the gate body 110 continues to rotate from the maximum aperture position, the slit aperture gradually decreases according to a predetermined gradient rule, ensuring that the change in the slit aperture is continuous and controllable at different rotation angles. The design of this gradient rule allows the user to flexibly adjust the slit aperture according to specific experimental requirements, thereby optimizing the quality of the diffraction signal and the accuracy of the experimental results to meet the needs under different experimental conditions.

[0052] Slit size relationship: The aperture of the light exit hole 150 is smaller than that of the light exit gate 170, and the aperture of the light entrance hole 160 is smaller than that of the light entrance gate 180. This design ensures that in the maximum aperture state, the slit can be fully opened to allow the maximum range of light beams to pass through; while in the minimum aperture state, the slit can accurately control the width of the light beam to avoid unnecessary background noise and scattering.

[0053] By precisely controlling the slit aperture, background noise can be effectively reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved, and the diffraction peaks can be made more visible, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the experimental results. A smaller slit width helps to improve the resolution of the diffraction pattern, which is particularly important in high-precision measurements. The dynamic adjustment mechanism of the slit aperture allows users to flexibly adjust the width of the X-ray beam according to different experimental conditions and sample characteristics, thereby optimizing the quality of the diffraction signal.

[0054] The driving mechanism 200 includes a housing, a stepper motor 210 , an angle encoder and a controller 280 .

[0055] The housing is fixedly connected to the brake sleeve 120 , and the stepper motor 210 is fixedly installed in the housing. The output shaft of the stepper motor 210 is fixedly connected to the brake body 110 coaxially, thereby driving the brake body 110 to rotate in the brake sleeve 120 .

[0056] A coupling 220 is coaxially connected between the brake body 110 and the output shaft of the stepper motor 210 .

[0057] The stepper motor 210 preferably has a stepper motor 210 with appropriate torque and resolution. The motor is equipped with a driver that can accept digital pulse input from the controller 280.

[0058] The selection of stepper motor 210 should be optimized according to the needs of the specific application scenario. For applications that require precise positioning, it is recommended to use a stepper motor with a small step angle (1.8 degrees or less). This type of motor can provide higher resolution and finer positioning capabilities, while reducing vibration during operation and ensuring the stability of the optical gate at high-speed rotation.

[0059] For applications that require fast response, you can choose a stepper motor with a large step angle (30 degrees or more). Although this type of motor has a lower resolution, it can provide a faster response speed and is suitable for scenarios with high response time requirements. By properly selecting the step angle of the stepper motor, you can find the best balance between positioning accuracy and response speed.

[0060] By optimizing the coordination between the stepper motor 210 and the controller 280, the rotation angle of the shutter can achieve continuous, accurate and fast positioning. The fastest response speed of the shutter can reach 0.2 milliseconds, and it can complete the action from closing to opening in a very short time, which significantly improves the experimental efficiency.

[0061] The angle encoder is preferably an absolute encoder, which can provide a unique position code within a range of 360 degrees. The encoder is directly mounted on the output shaft of the stepper motor 210, or is connected to the motor shaft through a coupling 220 to ensure that the two rotate synchronously.

[0062] The controller 280 is preferably a microprocessor or a dedicated motion controller 280, which has a built-in PID control algorithm for processing the feedback data of the angle encoder and generating corresponding control commands to the stepper motor 210 driver. Initialization: When starting, the controller 280 reads the initial position of the angle encoder and uses it as a reference point. At this time, the user can adjust the size of the slit or the rotation direction to set the rotation angle and rotation direction of the stepper motor 210 as needed.

[0063] Target setting: The user inputs the target angle and rotation direction (forward or reverse) to the controller 280 through the human-machine interface (HMI) or programming interface. The controller 280 calculates the number and sequence of pulses to be sent to the stepper motor 210 based on the set target.

[0064] Control process: Based on the calculation result, the controller 280 sends a pulse signal to the stepper motor 210 through the stepper motor 210 driver to start the motor to rotate.

[0065] The angle encoder monitors the position of the motor shaft in real time and feeds back the position information to the controller 280 .

[0066] The controller 280 continuously compares the difference between the current actual position and the target position. If a deviation is found, the position error is corrected by adjusting the pulse frequency and phase to ensure that the motor rotates at a predetermined angle and direction.

[0067] Stop condition: When the motor reaches the target position, the controller 280 stops sending pulse signals and the motor stops rotating. At the same time, the controller 280 can record the current position so that it can be used as a new reference point in subsequent operations.

[0068] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the safety mechanism 300 includes a light shielding plate 230 , a first photoelectric switch 240 , and a second photoelectric switch 250 .

[0069] The light shield 230 is fixedly connected to the coupling 220, is arranged in a fan shape, and rotates synchronously with the rotation of the output shaft of the stepper motor 210. From the axial top view of the stepper motor 210, the clockwise end of the light shield 230 is point B, and the counterclockwise end is point A. The fan-shaped design enables the light shield 230 to achieve a wide range of rotation in a small space, thereby improving space utilization. At the same time, the synchronous rotation of the light shield 230 ensures its precise control at different positions, avoiding misoperation caused by mechanical errors.

[0070] The first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250 are both fixedly mounted on the housing and arranged in a clockwise direction in the top view of the axial direction of the output shaft of the stepper motor 210. This layout not only simplifies the installation and debugging process, but also ensures that the photoelectric switch can accurately detect the position change of the light baffle 230. By reasonably setting the position of the photoelectric switch, real-time monitoring of the movement state of the light baffle 230 can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the system.

[0071] Working Mode: The shutter 100 is in a completely closed state: When the shutter 100 is completely closed, the light shielding plate 230 is located in the second photoelectric switch 250 , and point A of the light shielding plate 230 is just about to leave the second photoelectric switch 250 .

[0072] At this time, the second photoelectric switch 250 continuously detects the presence of the light shield 230, ensuring that the shutter 100 is in a completely closed state. This design can effectively prevent accidental illumination and protect the safety of the experimental environment and samples. In addition, point A of the light shield 230 is about to be separated from the second photoelectric switch 250, preparing for the subsequent opening action, reducing unnecessary waiting time.

[0073] The process of opening the shutter 100: When the shutter 100 needs to be opened, the stepping motor 210 is started to drive the light blocking plate 230 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0074] When the A end of the light shielding plate 230 enters the first photoelectric switch 240, the B end of the light shielding plate 230 just leaves the second photoelectric switch 250. At this time, as the light shielding plate 230 continues to rotate counterclockwise, the slit aperture gradually increases, allowing X-rays to pass through.

[0075] This gradual opening method can accurately control the change of the slit aperture, ensuring that the intensity and irradiation time of the X-rays are accurately adjusted. At the same time, the real-time monitoring function of the photoelectric switch ensures that the movement state of the light shield 230 is always within the control range, improving the stability and safety of the system.

[0076] Shutter 100 closing process: When the shutter 100 needs to be closed, the stepping motor 210 is started to drive the light blocking plate 230 to rotate clockwise.

[0077] When the end A of the light shielding plate 230 is separated from the first photoelectric switch 240 and the end of the light shielding plate 230 just enters the second photoelectric switch 2505, the shutter 100 is closed.

[0078] This fast closing mechanism can complete the closing action of the shutter 100 in a very short time, effectively preventing X-ray leakage caused by unexpected situations. At the same time, the double detection function of the photoelectric switch ensures that the closing state of the shutter 100 is double-confirmed, further improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0079] The high-precision detection capability of the photoelectric switch ensures accurate control of the light shield 230 at different positions, avoiding misoperation caused by mechanical errors. This not only improves the stability of the system, but also ensures the accuracy of the opening and closing action of the light gate 100, thereby improving the quality of the experimental data.

[0080] The double detection mechanism and quick shut-off function of the safety mechanism 300 effectively prevent accidental leakage of X-rays and protect the safety of the experimental environment and samples. Especially when dealing with sensitive samples or conducting long experiments, this design can minimize potential risks and ensure the smooth progress of the experiment.

[0081] By precisely controlling the change of the slit aperture, the safety mechanism 300 can achieve precise adjustment of the X-ray intensity and irradiation time, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of the experiment. At the same time, the rapid opening and closing action reduces unnecessary waiting time, shortens the experimental cycle, and improves the overall efficiency of scientific research work.

[0082] The safety mechanism 300 further includes a red first indicator light 260 and a green second indicator light 270 . The first indicator light 260 and the second indicator light 270 are respectively fixedly connected to the housing, and the first indicator light 260 and the second indicator light 270 are respectively connected to the first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250 .

[0083] When the light shielding plate 230 is located in the first photoelectric switch 240 , the light shutter 100 is in an open state, and the first indicator light 260 is on.

[0084] When the light shielding plate 230 is separated from the first photoelectric switch 240 and enters the second photoelectric switch 250 , the light shutter 100 is in a closed state, and the second indicator light 270 is lit.

[0085] When the light shielding plate 230 is located in both the first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250 , the first indicator light 260 and the second indicator light 270 light up synchronously, indicating an error.

[0086] The indicator light system provides intuitive visual feedback, allowing the operator to understand the status of the shutter 100 in real time. Especially in complex experimental environments, the indicator light can quickly indicate the opening and closing of the shutter 100, reducing the possibility of misoperation. In addition, when the two indicator lights are on synchronously, it indicates that the system has an abnormal state, reminding the operator to check and handle it in time to ensure experimental safety.

[0087] Among them, the first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250 are both connected in series in the safety circuit of the X-ray emitting light source. The X-ray emitting light source is allowed to be turned on only when the light baffle 230 is in the first photoelectric switch 240 but not in the second photoelectric switch 250.

[0088] This safety circuit design ensures that the start-up conditions of the X-ray emission source are strictly controlled, and X-rays can only be emitted when the shutter 100 is fully opened. This effectively prevents accidental irradiation caused by the shutter 100 not being fully opened, greatly improving the safety of the experiment. At the same time, the dual detection function of the photoelectric switch further enhances the reliability of the system, ensuring that the X-ray emission source will not be started in an unsafe state.

[0089] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the safety mechanism 300 further includes a positioning block 310 , a limiting shaft 350 and a return spring 320 .

[0090] The positioning block 310 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor 210 and is arranged opposite to the light shielding plate 230 in a small fan shape. From the axial top view of the stepper motor 210 , the shape and position of the positioning block 310 match the light shielding plate 230 .

[0091] The small sector design of the positioning block 310 enables accurate positioning in a small space, avoiding misoperation caused by mechanical errors. At the same time, the relative arrangement of the positioning block 310 and the light shielding plate 230 ensures that the two move synchronously, improving the coordination and stability of the system.

[0092] The limiting shaft 350 is fixedly connected to the housing and extends downward from the inner top of the housing. The bottom end of the limiting shaft 350 is sleeved with a shock absorbing sleeve 360.

[0093] The shock-absorbing sleeve 360 ​​is made of high-quality silicone rubber material with good elasticity and wear resistance. The selection of silicone rubber material can not only effectively buffer the low-frequency vibration caused by the rotation and braking of the stepper motor 210, but also reduce the noise generated during the movement of the device, providing a quieter working environment.

[0094] The main function of the limiting shaft 350 is to limit the positioning block 310 to prevent it from over-rotating. When the light shutter 100 is fully closed, the positioning block 310 abuts against the shock-absorbing sleeve 360, and the shock-absorbing sleeve 360 ​​buffers and limits the positioning block 310 to ensure that the light baffle 230 is in the correct position. This design not only improves the closing accuracy of the light shutter 100, but also effectively reduces the vibration generated during the closing process, protecting the safety of the experimental equipment and samples.

[0095] The bottom surface of the positioning block 310 is fixedly connected with a positioning column 340, the shell is fixedly mounted with a connecting column 330, and the return spring 320 is fixedly connected between the positioning column 340 and the connecting column 330 at the bottom of the shell. One end of the return spring 320 is fixedly connected to the positioning column 340, and the other end is fixedly connected to the connecting column 330.

[0096] The main function of the return spring 320 is to provide reverse rotation power in the event of an unexpected power failure, so that the light shutter 100 can be quickly closed. When the stepper motor 210 starts to drive the light shielding plate 230 to rotate counterclockwise, the return spring 320 stretches as the positioning column 340 rotates, storing elastic potential energy. Once an unexpected power failure occurs, the stepper motor 210 will no longer provide forward or reverse rotation power. At this time, the return spring 320 will immediately release the elastic potential energy, pull the positioning block 310 to rotate in the reverse direction, and drive the light shielding plate 230 to quickly close the light shutter 100.

[0097] The quick response mechanism of the return spring 320 can complete the closing action of the shutter 100 in a very short time, effectively preventing X-ray leakage caused by accidental power failure. The limiting function of the limiting shaft 350 ensures the precise position of the light shield 230, avoids excessive sliding caused by mechanical inertia, and further improves the safety and reliability of the system. The buffering effect of the shock-absorbing sleeve 360 ​​effectively reduces the vibration generated during the closing process, protecting the safety of experimental equipment and samples.

[0098] The cooperation of the return spring 320 and the silicone rubber shock-absorbing sleeve 360 ​​forms a double shock-absorbing system, which minimizes the vibration caused by the movement, effectively eliminates the vibration generated during the movement, and ensures that the vibration acceleration caused by the movement of the device is less than 1G. This design not only improves the stability and reliability of the system, but also extends the service life of each component.

[0099] The first photoelectric switch 240 and the second photoelectric switch 250 are connected in series in the safety circuit of the X-ray emitting light source. When the light shielding plate 230 is not in the first photoelectric switch 240 but in the second photoelectric switch 250, the X-ray emitting light source is disconnected.

[0100] This design ensures that the closed state of the shutter 100 is double-confirmed, further improving the safety of the system. Even in an unexpected situation, as long as the shutter 100 is not fully opened, the X-ray emission light source will be automatically disconnected, preventing accidental leakage of X-rays and protecting the safety of experimental personnel and equipment.

[0101] The quick closing mechanism can complete the closing action of the shutter 100 in a very short time, effectively preventing X-ray leakage caused by unexpected situations. The double detection function of the photoelectric switch ensures that the closing state of the shutter 100 is double-confirmed, further improving the safety and reliability of the system. The buffering effect of the shock-absorbing sleeve 360 ​​effectively reduces the vibration generated during the closing process, protecting the safety of experimental equipment and samples.

[0102] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rotary shutter opening and closing device, characterized in that: include: Optical shutter (100): opens and closes to allow X-rays to pass through within a specific time interval and irradiate the target object; A through hole (140): penetrating through the light gate (100) and used for passing a line focus X-ray light source; one end of the through hole (140) is a light inlet hole (160), and the other end is a light outlet hole (150); Slits: Slits of different calibers are formed at the light exit hole (150) and the light entrance hole (160) of the shutter, so as to achieve regulation of the direction in which the X-ray beam is parallel to the filament; A driving mechanism (200) connected to the optical shutter (100) and used to drive the optical shutter (100) to open and close; at the same time, adjusting the slit formed at the light exit hole (150) and the light entrance hole (160), and closing the optical shutter after the slit is adjusted to the minimum; A safety mechanism (300) is connected to the optical shutter (100) and is used to drive the optical shutter (100) to close when the driving mechanism (200) is powered off, thereby ensuring safety.

2. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical shutter (100) comprises a shutter body (110), and the through hole (140) is opened through the shutter body (110). A gate sleeve (120), wherein the gate body (110) is rotatably mounted on the gate sleeve (120) and is used to support and guide the rotational movement of the gate body (110); the gate sleeve (120) is provided with a light inlet gate (180) corresponding to the light inlet hole (160) and a light outlet gate (170) corresponding to the light outlet hole (150), wherein the rotation axis of the gate body (110) is parallel to the focal line of the linear focus X-ray light source, so that during the rotation of the gate body (110), the light outlet hole (150) overlaps or partially overlaps with the light outlet gate (170), and the light inlet hole (160) can overlap or partially overlap with the light inlet gate (180), thereby forming slits of different calibers.

3. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Sollar diaphragm (130) is fixedly mounted at the center of the through hole (140), and the Sollar diaphragm (130) is composed of a plurality of parallel and equally spaced metal sheets, the planes of which are perpendicular to the focal line of the X-ray light source, and are used to limit the divergence of the X-rays in a direction perpendicular to the line focus.

4. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (200) comprises: The stepper motor (210) is fixedly mounted on the brake sleeve (120), and the output shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the brake body (110); The controller (280) is used to control the rotation angle and rotation direction of the stepper motor (210), and is fixedly mounted on the stepper motor (210) or independently arranged.

5. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insurance institution (300) comprises: The light shielding plate (230) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor (210), is arranged in a fan shape, and rotates along with the rotation of the output shaft of the stepping motor (210); A first photoelectric switch (240) is fixedly mounted on the gate housing (120) and is connected to a first indicator light (260); when the light blocking plate (230) is located in the first photoelectric switch (240), the light gate (100) is in an open state and the first indicator light (260) is lit; The second photoelectric switch (250) is fixedly mounted on the gate housing (120) and is connected to a second indicator light (270); when the light blocking plate (230) is separated from the first photoelectric switch (240) and enters the second photoelectric switch (250), the light gate (100) is in a closed state and the second indicator light (270) is lit.

6. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first indicator light (260) is red, and the second indicator light (270) is green.

7. The rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first photoelectric switch (240) and the second photoelectric switch (250) are both connected in series in a safety circuit of the X-ray emitting light source, and the X-ray emitting light source is allowed to be turned on only when the light shielding plate (230) is located in the first photoelectric switch (240) but not in the second photoelectric switch (250).

8. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The safety mechanism (300) comprises a positioning block (310), the positioning block (310) being fixedly connected to the output shaft of the stepper motor (210) and arranged opposite to the light shielding plate (230); at the same time, a limit shaft (350) is fixedly connected to the gate sleeve (120), the limit shaft (350) extending along the output shaft direction of the stepper motor (210); when the light gate (100) is closed, the stepper motor (210) drives the light shielding plate (230) to rotate completely away from the first photoelectric switch (240) and the second photoelectric switch (250), and the positioning block (310) abuts against the limit shaft (350).

9. A rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting shaft (350) comprises a shock absorbing sleeve (360) sleeved on the stepping motor (210); when the positioning block (310) abuts against the limiting shaft (350), it contacts the shock absorbing sleeve (360), thereby providing buffering.

10. The rotary shutter opening and closing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The safety mechanism (300) comprises a return spring (320) and a positioning column (340); the positioning column (340) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning block (310); one end of the return spring (320) is fixedly connected to the gate sleeve (120), and the other end is fixedly connected to the positioning column (340); when the light gate (100) is in an open state, the return spring (320) is in a stretched state; when the opening and closing device of the light gate (100) is accidentally powered off, the stepping motor (210) loses power, and the return spring (320) pulls the positioning column (340) to drive the positioning block (310) to rotate and abut against the limit shaft (350), thereby realizing automatic closing of the light gate (100).

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