Inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station site selection method based on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station site selection method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and relates to the technical field of traffic atmospheric environment monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a waterway node position, and determining a preselected region according to the waterway node position; acquiring a wind rose diagram of the pre-selected area, and acquiring an atmospheric environment monitoring area and a contrast point location layout area according to the wind rose diagram of the pre-selected area; atmospheric environment monitoring is carried out on different heights of a monitoring area through the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the optimal monitoring height is selected; monitoring points are selected according to pollution conditions in different directions of the optimal monitoring height and node positions in combination with an atmospheric environment monitoring area and a contrast point location layout area. According to the main technical scheme and effects, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for monitoring the channel atmospheric environment, and the problem that a traditional ground monitoring method is limited by terrains can be solved. The unmanned aerial vehicle can comprehensively monitor a navigation channel area at different heights, and the influence of ship exhaust emission and diffusion on the environment is effectively captured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of traffic atmospheric environment monitoring, and in particular to a method for site selection of an inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Strengthening the collection and monitoring of pollutant emission data from water transport vessels is of great significance for the construction of green waterways. Since ships sailing on inland waterways are mobile emission sources, exhaust emissions are distributed in a belt-like pattern along the waterway and are easily affected by regional wind direction and speed, general methods for selecting sites for atmospheric environment monitoring stations, such as the empirical method (including the functional area point method, grid point method, concentric circle point method, and fan point method), are not suitable for monitoring points in linear waterways and mobile pollution sources of ships;

[0003] The statistical method proposed in patent application CN107589220A lacks the support of actual monitoring data, and the monitoring effectiveness of the site selection method needs to be further verified by measured data; the simulation method disclosed in patent application CN115032338A requires a large amount of basic data to be collected, and the simulation process is relatively complicated. Therefore, it is very necessary to explore a site selection method for inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations based on monitoring data, with simple process and strong practicality, in order to scientifically monitor the impact of ship exhaust on the atmospheric environment of the waterway. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical defects of the prior art such as large amount of basic data and complex simulation process, and to provide a method for site selection of inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations based on drones.

[0005] Technical solution:

[0006] This application proposes a method for selecting an inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station based on a drone, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Obtain the location of the channel node and determine the pre-selected area based on the location of the channel node;

[0008] Obtain a wind rose diagram of a preselected area, and obtain an atmospheric environment monitoring area and a control point layout area based on the wind rose diagram of the preselected area;

[0009] Use drones to monitor the atmospheric environment at different heights in the monitoring area and select the best monitoring height;

[0010] The monitoring points are selected based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node location combined with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area.

[0011] Preferably, obtaining the location of the navigation channel node includes:

[0012] Determine the locations of waterway nodes with high ship traffic in water service areas and / or anchorage areas based on satellite maps.

[0013] Preferably, determining the pre-selected area according to the location of the navigation channel node includes:

[0014] The pre-selected area includes the waterway itself near the waterway node location and the water and land areas of a specific width on both sides;

[0015] Among them, the edge of the pre-selected area is less than 20m from the edge of the waterway, and the distance from the pre-selected area to the center of the ship berth along the waterway direction is less than 1000m.

[0016] Preferably, obtaining a wind rose diagram of a preselected area, and obtaining an atmospheric environment monitoring area and a control point layout area according to the wind rose diagram of the preselected area, comprises:

[0017] According to the wind rose diagram, the direction with the highest probability of wind direction is selected as the dominant wind direction, and the direction with the second highest probability of wind direction is selected as the second dominant wind direction;

[0018] To determine the dominant wind direction and the second dominant wind direction in the pre-selected area as the atmospheric environment monitoring area;

[0019] The locations in the pre-selected area that are less affected by the dominant wind direction and the second dominant wind direction are selected as the control point layout area.

[0020] Preferably, the atmospheric environment is monitored at different heights in the monitoring area by using a drone, and the best monitoring height is selected, including:

[0021] According to gaseous pollutants NO2 and particulate matter PM 2.5 The layout area and height of waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations shall be determined based on the principle of highest concentration.

[0022] Preferably, the atmospheric environment is monitored at different heights in the monitoring area by using a drone, and the best monitoring height is selected, including:

[0023] The atmospheric environment monitoring module monitors the atmosphere in a range of 10-30m in multiple grid areas, wherein the grid size is 79m×79m.

[0024] Preferably, the monitoring points are selected by combining the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node positions with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including:

[0025] The number of determined waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations shall generally be no less than 3.

[0026] Preferably, the monitoring points are selected by combining the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node positions with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including:

[0027] When the direction with the most serious pollution at the optimal monitoring height is downwind of the dominant wind direction, the location with the highest pollution concentration is selected as the first monitoring point;

[0028] When the anchorage is downwind of the second dominant wind direction, the node position is selected as the second monitoring point.

[0029] Preferably, the monitoring points are selected by combining the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node positions with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including:

[0030] Use the camera carried by the drone to collect on-site images of the grid area, eliminate the grids with other air pollution sources within the selected grids, and analyze the on-site installation conditions in combination with the existing navigation marks and monitoring equipment of the waterway, and finally determine the layout and installation height of the waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station.

[0031] Preferably, the other air pollution sources include emissions from industrial production that affect the quality of the air environment in the waterway.

[0032] Beneficial effects: The present invention uses drones to monitor the atmospheric environment of waterways, which can avoid the problem of terrain restrictions on traditional ground monitoring methods. The drones can conduct comprehensive monitoring of waterway areas at different altitudes, effectively capturing the impact of ship exhaust emissions and their diffusion on the environment, thereby improving the flexibility and effectiveness of monitoring;

[0033] The layout of monitoring points takes into account multiple factors, such as ship flow, meteorological conditions, surrounding pollution sources, etc. The on-site data of drones is used for grid screening to ensure that the site selection process is more scientific. With the support of actual monitoring data, the location of the selected monitoring points is more accurate, which helps to improve the scientificity and accuracy of the site selection of atmospheric environment monitoring stations.

[0034] The present invention can effectively monitor the emission of ship exhaust and its diffusion in the waterway by monitoring air quality at different heights, especially during periods of large ship traffic, by monitoring gaseous pollutants (such as NO2) and particulate matter (such as PM 2.5 ) concentration distribution, can accurately determine the impact of ship exhaust on the waterway atmospheric environment, and increase the effectiveness of ship exhaust monitoring;

[0035] The present invention adopts a UAV to monitor the atmospheric environment of the waterway, simplifies the monitoring process, avoids a large amount of complicated basic data collection and simulation process, and provides real-time data collection and analysis, and has high operability and practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method for site selection of inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations based on drones of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A certain waterway plan view and a satellite view of a preselected anchorage area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A wind rose diagram of the anchorage location in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A grid diagram of NO2 concentration distribution at different height planes in the monitoring area in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 PM at different height planes in the monitoring area in the embodiment of the present invention 2.5 Concentration distribution grid map;

[0041] Figure 6 Satellite image of monitoring points in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments of the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be understood by people with general skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. "Including" and similar words used in this article mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0045] In view of the problems existing in the existing technology, such as Figure 1 As shown, a method for selecting a site for an inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station based on a drone comprises the following steps:

[0046] S101, obtaining the position of the channel node, and determining the pre-selected area according to the position of the channel node;

[0047] In some preferred embodiments, obtaining the position of a navigation channel node includes:

[0048] Determine the locations of waterway nodes with high ship traffic in water service areas and / or anchorage areas based on satellite maps.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, determining the preselected area according to the location of the navigation node includes:

[0050] The pre-selected area includes the waterway itself near the waterway node location and the water and land areas of a specific width on both sides;

[0051] Among them, the edge of the pre-selected area is less than 20m from the edge of the waterway, and the distance from the pre-selected area to the center of the ship berth along the waterway direction is less than 1000m.

[0052] Specific, combined Figure 2 , taking the center line of the channel corresponding to the anchorage (node ​​position A) as the center, demarcate the pre-selected area along the channel direction (such as Figure 2 The north-south boundary of the area is generally no more than 1000m from the center of the anchorage, and the east-west boundary is generally no more than 20m from the edge of the channel to ensure that the pre-selected area does not exceed the protection range of the channel.

[0053] S102, obtaining a wind rose diagram of a preselected area, and obtaining an atmospheric environment monitoring area and a control point layout area according to the wind rose diagram of the preselected area;

[0054] In some preferred embodiments, obtaining a wind rose diagram of a preselected area, and obtaining an atmospheric environment monitoring area and a control point layout area according to the wind rose diagram of the preselected area include:

[0055] According to the wind rose diagram, the direction with the highest probability of wind direction is selected as the dominant wind direction, and the direction with the second highest probability of wind direction is selected as the second dominant wind direction;

[0056] To determine the dominant wind direction and the second dominant wind direction in the pre-selected area as the atmospheric environment monitoring area;

[0057] The locations in the pre-selected area that are less affected by the dominant wind direction and the second dominant wind direction are selected as the control point layout area.

[0058] Specifically, for example, draw a wind rose diagram for a certain area where a certain anchorage is located in 2023, calculate the frequency distribution of the dominant wind direction and the second dominant wind direction in the pre-selected area, and determine the layout orientation of the waterway atmospheric environment monitoring points;

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the dominant wind direction in the pre-selected area is southeasterly, with probabilities of approximately 9.70% and 9.67%;

[0060] The second dominant wind direction is northeast wind and northwest wind, with probabilities of 9.04% and 8.84% respectively. Because the two probabilities are close, two wind directions (northeast wind and northwest wind) are selected as the second dominant wind direction. Therefore, the northwest, southwest and southeast directions of the pre-selected area are set as atmospheric environment monitoring areas. In some embodiments, the northeast direction, which is affected by the smaller dominant wind direction and the second dominant wind direction, is selected as the layout area of ​​the control monitoring point. The northeast direction is upwind and is generally less polluted.

[0061] S103, monitoring the atmospheric environment at different heights in the monitoring area by using a drone, and selecting the best monitoring height;

[0062] In some preferred embodiments, the atmospheric environment is monitored at different heights in the monitoring area by using a drone, and the optimal monitoring height is selected, including:

[0063] According to gaseous pollutants NO2 and particulate matter PM 2.5 The layout area and height of waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations shall be determined based on the principle of highest concentration.

[0064] In some preferred embodiments, the atmospheric environment monitoring module includes but is not limited to a temperature and humidity monitoring submodule, a SO2 monitoring submodule, a NO2 monitoring submodule, an O3 monitoring submodule, a PM 2.5 Monitoring submodules and PM 10 Monitoring submodule.

[0065] In some preferred embodiments, the atmospheric environment is monitored at different heights in the monitoring area by using a drone, and the optimal monitoring height is selected, including:

[0066] The atmospheric environment monitoring module monitors the atmosphere in a plane range of 10-30m in height in multiple grid areas, wherein the grid size is 79m×79m.

[0067] Specifically, for example, a time period with large ship traffic is selected, and an atmospheric environment monitoring module is used to carry out waterway atmospheric environment monitoring at different heights in the monitoring area using a drone, and the monitoring heights are set to 10m, 20m and 30m respectively;

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the measured concentration data of NO2 at different heights are plotted into a 79m×79m grid. Figure 4 The three pictures are NO2 grid maps at the monitoring heights of 10m, 20m and 30m respectively. The average concentration in the area at the monitoring heights of 10m, 20m and 30m is 49.23μg / m 3 49.92 μg / m 3 and 45.07 μg / m 3 ;

[0069] like Figure 5As shown, different height PM 2.5 The measured concentration data is plotted into a 79m×79m grid. Figure 5 The three pictures are for PM monitoring at 10m, 20m and 30m respectively. 2.5 Grid map, the average concentration in the area at the 10m, 20m and 30m monitoring heights is 20.12μg / m 3 31.60 μg / m 3 and 20.65 μg / m 3 ;

[0070] The monitoring results at different heights show that the monitoring height of 20m can capture the maximum concentration of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter in the monitoring area. Therefore, the monitoring height of 20m is selected as the installation height of the waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station.

[0071] S104. Select monitoring points based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node locations in combination with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area.

[0072] In some preferred embodiments, the monitoring points are selected based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node positions in combination with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including:

[0073] The number of determined waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations shall generally be no less than 3.

[0074] In some preferred embodiments, the monitoring points are selected based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node positions in combination with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including:

[0075] When the direction with the most serious pollution at the optimal monitoring height is downwind of the dominant wind direction, the location with the highest pollution concentration is selected as the first monitoring point;

[0076] When the node position is downwind of the second dominant wind direction, the node position is selected as the second monitoring point.

[0077] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 NO2 and PM at 20m altitude 2.5 As shown in the concentration distribution grid map, the highest grid concentration of NO2 is 58.69μg / m3, located in the northwest of the monitoring area; PM 2.5 The highest grid concentration value is 35.88μg / m3, which is also located in the northwest of the monitoring area. Since the dominant wind direction in this area is southeasterly, it means that the exhaust gas from ships mainly diffuses to the northwest during the monitoring period. Therefore, the northwest direction of NO2 and PM 2.5 The grid with the highest concentration is used as the 1# monitoring point (the first monitoring point) on the leeward side of the dominant wind direction;

[0078] Combination Figure 6 , select a direction from the leeward side of the second dominant wind direction northwest wind and the leeward side of the second dominant wind direction northeast wind, first determine whether the leeward side of the second dominant wind direction northwest wind and the leeward side of the second dominant wind direction northeast wind pass through the water service area and anchorage, then select the water service area and anchorage passed by the leeward side of the second dominant wind as the 2# monitoring point (the second monitoring point), because the probability of monitoring ship exhaust gas in the water service area and anchorage is higher, if the leeward side of the second dominant wind does not pass through the water service area and anchorage, the position of the second monitoring point is determined according to the pollution concentration;

[0079] According to the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point, the northeastern side, which is less affected by the dominant wind direction (southeast side) and the second dominant wind direction (northwest side), is selected as the 0# control monitoring point.

[0080] In some preferred embodiments, the monitoring points are selected based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node positions in combination with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including:

[0081] Use the camera carried by the drone to collect on-site images of the grid area, eliminate the grids with other air pollution sources within the selected grids, and analyze the on-site installation conditions in combination with the existing navigation marks and monitoring equipment of the waterway, and finally determine the layout and installation height of the waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station.

[0082] In some preferred embodiments, the other air pollution sources include emissions from industrial production that affect the quality of the air environment in the waterway.

[0083] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, according to the three selected monitoring points, use drones to collect on-site images, combined with satellite maps, if there are no other obvious industrial air pollution sources around the selected three points, choose the installation method according to the specific situation of the selected points. If there are buildings, they can be installed on the buildings for monitoring. If there are electric poles, street lights, and navigation marks, the monitoring points can be installed on electric poles, street lights, and navigation marks. The power supply method can be selected from nearby power supply or photovoltaic power supply;

[0084] Exemplary:

[0085] If there is a channel video monitoring device at the 0# monitoring point, it can be installed on the pole of the device;

[0086] The 1# monitoring point can be installed according to the on-site conditions. If there is a navigation mark at the intersection of the channel, it can be installed at the location of the navigation mark at the intersection of the channel, and solar energy can be considered for power supply;

[0087] If there is a berth building at the 2# monitoring point, it can be installed on the roof of the existing building;

[0088] After optimization, the monitoring points finally determined on site are as follows: Figure 6 shown.

[0089] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0090] The above is only a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for selecting an inland waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: Includes steps: Obtain the location of the channel node and determine the pre-selected area based on the location of the channel node; Obtain a wind rose diagram of a preselected area, and obtain an atmospheric environment monitoring area and a control point layout area based on the wind rose diagram of the preselected area; Use drones to monitor the atmospheric environment at different heights in the monitoring area and select the best monitoring height; The monitoring points are selected based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node location combined with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Get the location of the channel node, including: Determine the locations of waterway nodes with high ship traffic in water service areas and / or anchorage areas based on satellite maps.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determine the pre-selected area based on the location of the channel node, including: The pre-selected area includes the waterway itself near the waterway node location and the water and land areas of a specific width on both sides; Among them, the edge of the pre-selected area is less than 20m from the edge of the waterway, and the distance from the pre-selected area to the center of the ship berth along the waterway direction is less than 1000m.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the wind rose diagram of the pre-selected area, and obtain the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area according to the wind rose diagram of the pre-selected area, including: According to the wind rose diagram, the direction with the highest probability of wind direction is selected as the dominant wind direction, and the direction with the second highest probability of wind direction is selected as the second dominant wind direction; To determine the dominant wind direction and the second dominant wind direction in the pre-selected area as the atmospheric environment monitoring area; The locations in the pre-selected area that are less affected by the dominant wind direction and the second dominant wind direction are selected as the control point layout area.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Use drones to monitor the atmospheric environment at different heights in the monitoring area and select the best monitoring height, including: According to gaseous pollutants NO2 and particulate matter PM 2.5 The layout area and height of waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations shall be determined based on the principle of highest concentration.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Use drones to monitor the atmospheric environment at different heights in the monitoring area and select the best monitoring height, including: The atmospheric environment monitoring module monitors the atmosphere in a plane range of 10-30m in height in multiple grid areas, wherein the grid size is 79m×79m.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The monitoring points are selected based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node location combined with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including: The number of determined waterway atmospheric environment monitoring stations shall generally be no less than 3.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring points are selected based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node location combined with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including: When the direction with the most serious pollution at the optimal monitoring height is downwind of the dominant wind direction, the location with the highest pollution concentration is selected as the first monitoring point; When the node position is downwind of the second dominant wind direction, the node position is selected as the second monitoring point.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The monitoring points are selected based on the pollution conditions in different directions at the optimal monitoring height and the node location combined with the atmospheric environment monitoring area and the control point layout area, including: Use the camera carried by the drone to collect on-site images of the grid area, eliminate the grids with other air pollution sources within the selected grids, and analyze the on-site installation conditions in combination with the existing navigation marks and monitoring equipment of the waterway, and finally determine the layout and installation height of the waterway atmospheric environment monitoring station.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The other sources of air pollution include emissions from industrial production that affect the quality of the air environment in waterways.

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