Battery formation monitoring method, battery screening method and terminal

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery formation monitoring method, a battery screening method and a terminal. According to the battery formation monitoring method, in the formation charging and discharging step, the battery voltage # imgabs 0 # and the capacity # imgabs 1 # parameters are monitored in real time, and meanwhile two or more of the battery voltage increment # imgabs 2 #, the capacity deviation # imgabs 3 # and the voltage deviation # imgabs 4 # are jointly monitored in real time; after the voltage # imgabs5 # and the capacity # imgabs6 # of the battery are judged to be within the protection value range, the battery voltage increment # imgabs7 #, the capacity deviation # imgabs8 # and the voltage deviation # imgabs9 # are continuously monitored, when any one of the increment # imgabs7 #, the capacity deviation # imgabs8 # and the voltage deviation # imgabs9 # exceeds a set standard value, it is judged that the battery is abnormal, the equipment gives an alarm, and charging and discharging are ended. According to the technical scheme, the energy consumption, the equipment cost and the personnel cost of the abnormal battery in the subsequent processes of charging and discharging, aging, capacity grading and the like are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of batteries, and in particular relates to a battery formation monitoring method and a battery screening method and terminal. Background Art

[0002] Secondary batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, and solid-state batteries are developing rapidly. New energy sources are taking up an increasingly larger market share in various energy fields such as power, energy storage, and consumption. During the use of batteries, a battery management system (BMS) monitors the battery's state of health (SOH) at any time to evaluate its service life, safety performance, etc.

[0003] During the battery assembly process, defects such as particulate contaminants, pole piece burrs, and diaphragm folding may appear. These defects cannot be detected during the battery assembly stage, but after the battery is filled, during the formation or battery use, they will accelerate the degradation of battery performance and even cause internal short circuits in the battery, leading to safety issues such as thermal runaway. If abnormal batteries can be discovered and handled in a timely manner during the formation process, it can not only ensure the safety of battery production, but also improve the safety of batteries during customer use.

[0004] The formation step is generally divided into a two-step method or a one-step method. The two-step method is divided into pre-formation and main formation. Pre-formation is to charge the battery with a small current first to charge it to a half-charged state. After pre-formation, the battery is vented to remove the gas generated during the pre-formation process. After that, the battery is charged to the cut-off voltage by constant current charging, and then charged at a constant voltage; after reaching the cut-off voltage and cut-off current, the battery is left to stand for a certain period of time, and then discharged to the lowest protection voltage, thereby completing the charging and discharging of the battery in the full voltage range, completing the activation of the active material in the full voltage range, and ensuring that the battery has stable electrical performance in the future. The one-step method combines the pre-formation and main formation steps, and no exhaust operation is performed in the middle. The exhaust operation is performed after the activation is completed in the full voltage range.

[0005] Currently, during the formation process, for the sake of battery safety, a maximum charge and discharge protection capacity, and / or a maximum charge and discharge time, and / or a maximum charge and discharge voltage are usually set as safety protection steps in the battery charge and discharge process.

[0006] When the battery charge and discharge capacity, time, voltage, etc. exceed the set protection value, a warning is issued and charging and discharging is stopped to avoid the dangers of overcharging and over-discharging. Taking capacity protection as an example, Q 标 Indicates the nominal capacity of the battery. Generally, the maximum charge and discharge protection capacity is set as a multiple of the nominal capacity (1+x%) Q 标, x can be 1, 3, 5, etc. In fact, some batteries have abnormalities during the charge and discharge process, such as abnormal voltage drop, a battery's charge and discharge capacity, and / or voltage are much different from other batteries, etc. At this time, the battery has an internal short circuit, or the internal resistance is too large. However, because the battery capacity, and / or charge and discharge time, and / or battery voltage do not reach the process setting protection capacity, and / or protection time, and / or protection voltage, the device will continue to charge and discharge the abnormal battery, resulting in dangers such as battery fire and explosion.

[0007] In addition, currently the battery is first charged and discharged in the full voltage range to complete the formation step; before the battery is shipped, the battery is charged and discharged again to complete the battery sorting, and screen out batteries whose electrical properties such as capacity consistency, voltage consistency, internal resistance consistency, or self-discharge meet the shipping indicators. The battery needs to be charged and discharged twice in the full voltage range, which consumes a lot of manpower, material resources, and energy, and has low production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a battery formation monitoring method and a battery screening method and terminal.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] A battery formation monitoring method monitors the battery voltage in real time during the formation charge and discharge steps capacity Parameters, real-time battery voltage increment capacity deviation and voltage deviation Combined monitoring of two or more of the following: Determine the voltage of the battery The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After it is less than the capacity protection value; continue to monitor the battery voltage increment capacity deviation or voltage deviation When any of them exceeds the set standard value, the device will issue a warning and end charging and discharging.

[0011] in They represent the real-time voltage and capacity of the i-th battery at the n-th recording point, respectively. They respectively represent the real-time voltage increment, real-time capacity deviation and real-time voltage deviation of the i-th battery at the n-th recording point, where i and n are natural numbers.

[0012] The capacity protection value is the maximum charge and discharge capacity Q max , whose value is Q max =(1+x%)Q标 , where Q 标 is the nominal capacity of the battery, wherein x is 1-5; preferably 1, 3, 5.

[0013] Capacity To monitor, When When , stop charging and discharging.

[0014] According to the battery system and the charging or discharging steps, the voltage protection value is the charging cut-off voltage or the discharging cut-off voltage; wherein the charging cut-off voltage is U max , the discharge cut-off voltage is U min ;

[0015] Voltage Real-time monitoring: charging steps, When When the voltage When the voltage continues to discharge, When , stop discharging.

[0016] The capacity deviation The average capacity Voltage deviation Among them, the average voltage The voltage increment It represents the real-time voltage of the ith battery at the n+1th recording point, where m is the total number of batteries formed in the same batch and m is a natural number.

[0017] As a preferred form, real-time capacity deviation And the voltage increment Conduct joint monitoring, including the following steps: During the charging and discharging phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After it is less than the capacity protection value, continue to Real-time monitoring is performed. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the voltage increment will be further increased. Monitor; if the voltage increases If the voltage is greater than the set voltage deviation standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the charge and discharge will continue;

[0018] Preferably, the set capacity deviation standard is 3‰-2%; preferably 5‰; the set voltage increment standard is 0.001V-0.005V; preferably 0.005V.

[0019] As a preferred form, real-time capacity deviation And voltage deviation Conduct a joint

[0020] Monitoring; specifically includes the following steps: During the charge and discharge phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After it is less than the capacity protection value, continue to Real-time monitoring is performed. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set capacity deviation standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the voltage deviation will be further Monitor; if voltage deviation If the voltage is greater than the set voltage deviation standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the charge and discharge will continue;

[0021] The set capacity deviation standard is 3‰-2%, preferably 5‰; the set voltage deviation judgment standard value is 0.001V-0.005V, preferably 0.002V.

[0022] As a preferred form, real-time voltage increment and capacity deviation Conduct joint monitoring; specifically include the following steps: During the charging and discharging phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After the capacity is less than the protection value, continue to increase the voltage To judge, if the voltage increment If the voltage increment is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the capacity deviation will be further determined. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the charge and discharge will continue.

[0023] The voltage increment standard is set to 0.001V-0.005V, preferably 0.005V; the capacity deviation standard is set to 3‰-2%, preferably 5‰.

[0024] The present invention also includes a battery screening method, during the formation process, in the battery charging and discharging stage, after judging that the voltage of the battery does not exceed the voltage protection value and the capacity is less than the capacity protection value, the capacity deviation is continued to be used. Voltage deviation Voltage increment Two or more of the above are used to monitor and judge the battery in real time; when the capacity deviation Voltage deviation Voltage increment If all monitoring items in the battery are less than or equal to the standard value, the battery is considered to meet the standard and such batteries are screened out for continued circulation. Voltage deviation Voltage increment If any of the above items is greater than the standard value, the battery is judged to be not in compliance with the capacity consistency standard, the voltage consistency standard, or the battery has an internal short circuit abnormality. The device issues a warning and terminates charging and discharging, screening out the abnormal battery and preventing it from being circulated.

[0025] The standard value for judging capacity deviation is 3‰-2%, preferably 5‰, and the standard value for judging voltage deviation is 0.001V-0.005V, preferably 0.002V; voltage increment The judgment standard value is 0.001V-0.005V, preferably 0.005V.

[0026] The present invention also includes a terminal, comprising:

[0027] one or more processors;

[0028] a memory for storing the one or more processor-executable instructions;

[0029] Wherein, the one or more processors are configured to:

[0030] Execute the battery formation monitoring method or the battery screening method.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The technical scheme of the present application monitors the capacity and voltage of the battery formation process in real time, and synchronously monitors the values ​​such as voltage increment, capacity deviation, and voltage deviation, so as to timely find the abnormal battery in the formation charge and discharge process, and effectively process it to avoid the risks such as fire and explosion of abnormal batteries such as short circuit. Synchronously monitor the two interrelated data of battery capacity and voltage, improve the accuracy of screening abnormal batteries, and further improve the safety of the formation process. In addition, due to the increase of the monitoring of battery capacity deviation, voltage deviation and / or voltage increment, it is possible to synchronously screen out abnormal batteries such as batteries that do not meet the standards for capacity or voltage consistency, or internal short circuits, and no longer circulate in the future, saving its energy consumption, equipment cost and personnel cost in subsequent charging and discharging, aging, capacity division and other processes, and improving production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] For simplicity, the figures all take the charging step as an example, and the discharging step is also within the protection scope of this patent.

[0034] Figure 1 This is the current protection method for the formation step, which is a comparative example.

[0035] Figure 2-4 They are flow charts of different implementation forms of Examples 1-3 respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the best embodiments.

[0037] Comparative Example

[0038] Battery formation monitoring method, real-time monitoring of charging capacity during constant current charging stage and constant voltage charging stage Monitor if the charging capacity If the charging capacity is greater than or equal to the protection capacity, the device will issue a warning and end charging. It includes the following steps: 1) Real-time monitoring of charging capacity during constant current charging If the charging capacity If the charging capacity is greater than or equal to the protection capacity, the device will issue a warning and end charging; If the capacity is less than the protection capacity, continue charging until the charging voltage When the cut-off voltage is reached, the constant voltage charging stage is entered; 2) During the constant voltage charging stage, the charging current is monitored in real time Whether the cut-off current is reached, if the charging current The device ends charging if the charging current is less than the cut-off current. If it is greater than or equal to the cut-off current, further judgment is made. Is it greater than or equal to the protection capacity? If the judgment result is yes, the device will issue a warning and end charging; otherwise, charging will continue until the cut-off current is reached.

[0039] use Figure 1 An example is given to illustrate the safety measures of the charging step of the formation technology. For simplicity, the staged constant current charging is simplified to the constant current charging step. The protection capacity is (1+x%)Q 标 , where Q 标 is the nominal capacity of the battery, where x is 1-5; preferably 1, 3, 5. The maximum protection capacity is 1.03Q 标 For example, the maximum cut-off voltage U is 4.25V, and the minimum cut-off current I is set to 0.05C.

[0040] Step 1: Constant current charging step: After the battery starts charging, it is charged at a constant current. The safety measure is to determine whether the charging capacity is greater than or equal to the protection capacity. Is it established? If the judgment result is "yes", the device will issue a warning and end charging;

[0041] Step 2: Constant current charging step judgment If the result is "No", then continue to determine whether the battery voltage has reached the cut-off voltage. If the result is "No", the battery has not reached the cut-off voltage, and the cycle returns to step 1 of the constant current charging cycle;

[0042] Step 3: Constant voltage charging step: Judgment Is it established? If the judgment result is "yes", it means that the battery has reached the cut-off voltage and goes to the constant voltage charging step;

[0043] Step 4: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current, that is, determine If the result is yes, then the charging is terminated;

[0044] Step 5: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the judgment result is no, the cut-off current has not been reached. Is it established? If the judgment result is "No", return to step 3 constant voltage charging;

[0045] Step 5: Determine the charging current during constant voltage charging Whether the cut-off current is reached, that is, judging If the judgment result is no, the cut-off current has not been reached. If the judgment result is "yes", the device will issue an alarm and end charging.

[0046] Examples 1-3

[0047] The present invention is described using the following Examples 1-3, which simultaneously monitor the capacity deviation Voltage deviation And the voltage increment If the capacity deviation is Voltage deviation And the voltage increment If any of the above is greater than the set value, the battery is abnormal or the battery consistency does not meet the standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charging and discharging.

[0048] The capacity deviation The average capacity Indicates the real-time capacity of the i-th battery at the n-th recording point;

[0049] Voltage deviation Among them, the average voltage Indicates the real-time voltage of the ith battery at the nth recording point;

[0050] The voltage increment Indicates the real-time voltage of the ith battery at the nth recording point; Indicates the real-time voltage of the ith battery at the n+1th recording point.

[0051] n represents the nth data point recorded during the formation process, i represents the ith battery, m is the total number of batteries formed in the same batch, and i, n, and m are natural numbers.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Real-time capacity deviation And the voltage increment Conduct joint monitoring to improve the safety of the formation step and screen out abnormal batteries such as those with substandard capacity consistency or internal short circuits.

[0054] Specifically include the following steps: During the charging and discharging phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After it is less than the capacity protection value, continue to Real-time monitoring is performed. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge. The battery capacity consistency is judged to be inconsistent with the standard and the battery will be removed and no longer circulated. Otherwise, the battery capacity consistency is judged to be consistent with the standard and further voltage increment is performed. Monitor; if the voltage increases If the voltage deviation is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge process; it will be determined that the battery may have a short circuit or other abnormalities, and will be removed and no longer circulated. Otherwise, the charge and discharge process will continue.

[0055] use Figure 2 The following example illustrates the safety measures of the charging step of the formation technology of the present invention. For simplicity, the current staged constant current charging is simplified to the constant current charging step. 标 For example, the maximum cut-off voltage U is 4.25V, the minimum cut-off current I is set to 0.05C, the capacity deviation standard is set to 5‰; the voltage increment standard is set to 0.005V.

[0056] Step 1: Constant current charging step: After the battery starts charging, it is charged at a constant current. The safety measure is to determine whether the charging capacity is greater than or equal to the protection capacity. Is it established? If the judgment result is "yes", the device will issue a warning and end charging;

[0057] Step 2: Judgement If the result is "No", then continue to determine whether the battery voltage has reached the cut-off voltage. If the result is "No", the battery has not reached the cut-off voltage, and the constant current charging step 1 cycle is returned. Before the cycle, first determine the capacity deviation Is it true? If the judgment result is "no", the battery capacity consistency does not meet the requirements, the device issues a warning, and ends charging. The battery that does not meet the capacity consistency standard is screened out and no longer circulates. If the judgment result is "yes", continue to judge the voltage increment Is it established? If the judgment result is "no", the battery may have an abnormality such as a short circuit, the device will issue a warning, and end the charging, screening the abnormal battery and no longer continuing to circulate. If the judgment result is "yes", the battery returns to step 1 constant current charging step normally;

[0058] Step 3: Constant voltage charging step: Judgment Is it established? If the judgment result is "yes", it means that the battery has reached the cut-off voltage and goes to the constant voltage charging step;

[0059] Step 4: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the result is yes, then the charging is terminated;

[0060] Step 5: Determine the charging current during constant voltage charging Whether the cut-off current is reached, that is, judging If the judgment result is no, the cut-off current has not been reached. Is it established? If the judgment result is "No", return to step 3 constant voltage charging;

[0061] Step 6: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the judgment result is no, the cut-off current has not been reached. If the judgment result is "yes", the device will issue an alarm and end charging.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Real-time capacity deviation And voltage deviation Conduct joint monitoring to improve the safety of the formation step and screen out batteries whose capacity consistency does not meet the standards and / or whose voltage consistency does not meet the standards.

[0064] Specifically include the following steps: During the charging and discharging phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After it is less than the capacity protection value, continue to Real-time monitoring is performed. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set capacity consistency standard, the battery is judged to be inconsistent with the capacity consistency standard, the device issues a warning, and ends the charge and discharge. The abnormal battery is screened out and no longer circulated. Otherwise, the battery is judged to be consistent with the capacity consistency standard, and further voltage deviation is performed. If the voltage deviation If the voltage deviation is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge. If the battery voltage consistency is determined to be unsatisfactory, the battery will be removed and will not be circulated. Otherwise, the charge and discharge will continue.

[0065] use Figure 3 The following example illustrates the safety measures of the charging step of the formation technology of the present invention. For simplicity, the current staged constant current charging is simplified to the constant current charging step. 标 For example, the maximum cut-off voltage U is 4.25V, the minimum cut-off current I is set to 0.05C, the capacity deviation standard is set to 5‰; the voltage deviation standard is set to 0.002V.

[0066] Step 1: Constant current charging step: After the battery starts charging, it is charged at a constant current. The safety measure is to determine whether the charging capacity is greater than or equal to the protection capacity. Is it established? If the judgment result is "yes", the device will issue a warning and end charging;

[0067] Step 2: Judgement If the result is "No", then continue to determine whether the battery voltage has reached the cut-off voltage. If the result is "No", the battery has not reached the cut-off voltage, and the constant current charging step 1 cycle is returned. Before the cycle, the capacity deviation is determined. If the result is "No", the device will issue a warning and end charging; the battery capacity consistency does not meet the requirements, and the battery will be screened out and no longer circulated. If the result is "Yes", continue to judge the voltage deviation Is it true? If the judgment result is "no", the device issues a warning and ends charging; the battery voltage consistency does not meet the standard, and the battery is screened out and no longer circulated. If the judgment result is "yes", return to step 1 constant current charging step;

[0068] Step 3: Constant voltage charging step: Judgment Is it established? If the judgment result is "yes", it means that the battery has reached the cut-off voltage and goes to the constant voltage charging step;

[0069] Step 4: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the result is yes, then the charging is terminated;

[0070] Step 5: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the judgment result is no, the cut-off current has not been reached. Is it established? If the judgment result is "No", return to step 3 constant voltage charging;

[0071] Step 6: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the judgment result is no, the cut-off current has not been reached. If the judgment result is "yes", the device will issue an alarm and end charging.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] Real-time voltage increment and capacity deviation Conduct joint monitoring to improve the safety of the formation step, and screen out abnormal batteries such as internal short circuits, or batteries whose capacity consistency does not meet standards.

[0074] Specifically include the following steps: During the charging and discharging phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After the capacity is less than the protection value, continue to increase the voltage To judge, if the voltage increment If the voltage increment is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge. It is determined that the battery may have an internal short circuit or other abnormalities, and the battery will be screened out and no longer circulated. Otherwise, the capacity deviation is further determined. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge, judging that the battery capacity consistency does not meet the standard, and the battery will be removed and will not be circulated in the future. Otherwise, the charge and discharge will continue.

[0075] use Figure 4 The following example illustrates the safety measures of the charging step of the formation technology of the present invention. For simplicity, the current staged constant current charging is simplified to the constant current charging step. 标 For example, the maximum cut-off voltage U is 4.25V, the minimum cut-off current I is set to 0.05C, the capacity deviation is set to 5‰, and the voltage increment standard is set to 0.005V.

[0076] Step 1: Constant current charging step: After the battery starts charging, it is charged at a constant current. The safety measure is to determine whether the charging capacity is greater than or equal to the protection capacity. Is it established? If the judgment result is "yes", the device will issue a warning and end charging;

[0077] Step 2: Judgement If the result is "No", then continue to determine whether the battery voltage has reached the cut-off voltage. If the result is "No", the battery has not reached the cut-off voltage yet, and the constant current charging step 1 cycle is returned. Before the cycle, first determine the voltage increment If the result is "No", the device will issue a warning and end charging; the battery may have short circuit or other abnormalities and will not continue to circulate. If the result is "Yes", the capacity deviation will continue to be determined. Is it established? If the judgment result is "No", the device issues a warning and ends charging; the battery capacity consistency does not meet the standard and will not continue to circulate. If the judgment result is "Yes", return to step 1 constant current charging;

[0078] Step 3: Constant voltage charging step: Judgment Is it established? If the judgment result is "yes", it means that the battery has reached the cut-off voltage and goes to the constant voltage charging step;

[0079] Step 4: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the result is yes, then the charging is terminated;

[0080] Step 5: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the result is no, the cut-off current has not been reached, and the system returns to step 3, constant voltage charging. Before returning, further judgment is made. If the result is "yes", the device will issue a warning and end charging; otherwise, the capacity deviation will be further determined. Is it established? If the judgment result is "No", the device issues a warning and ends charging; the battery capacity consistency does not meet the standard and will not continue to circulate. If the judgment result is "Yes", return to step 3 constant voltage charging;

[0081] Step 6: In the constant voltage charging step, determine whether the charging current reaches the cut-off current. If the judgment result is no, the cut-off current has not been reached. If the judgment result is "yes", the device will issue an alarm and end charging.

[0082] Regarding the battery formation charging and discharging steps, in order to improve the safety of the battery formation process, abnormal batteries are identified in time and their formation process is terminated, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery formation process and avoiding abnormal battery fires, explosions, equipment failures, economic losses, and casualties.

[0083] This application proposes real-time monitoring of battery voltage, capacity and other data, and real-time monitoring of its increment, deviation value, etc., timely monitoring and identification during the charging and discharging process to prevent problems before they occur. Since the two interrelated data of battery capacity and voltage are monitored simultaneously, the accuracy of abnormal battery detection is improved, and the safety of the formation process is further improved.

[0084] In addition, by monitoring the capacity deviation value, voltage deviation value and voltage increment, the battery capacity and / or voltage consistency that do not meet the standards, or abnormal batteries such as short circuits can be screened and eliminated during formation, eliminating the subsequent charging and discharging, capacity separation, aging and other processes of these inferior batteries, improving production efficiency and saving energy and manpower and material resources.

[0085] Specifically, the capacity deviation described is used Voltage deviation Voltage increment Make judgment, capacity deviation Voltage deviation If the battery capacity and voltage consistency are less than or equal to the standard value, the battery capacity and voltage consistency are considered to meet the standard; the voltage increment If the value is less than or equal to the standard value, the battery is considered normal. The standard value for capacity deviation is 3‰-2%, preferably 5‰, and the standard value for voltage deviation is 0.001V-0.005V; preferably 0.002V. The voltage increment standard is 0.001V-0.005V; preferably 0.005V.

[0086] The present invention also includes a terminal, comprising:

[0087] one or more processors;

[0088] a memory for storing the one or more processor-executable instructions;

[0089] Wherein, the one or more processors are configured to:

[0090] Execute the battery formation monitoring method or the battery screening method.

[0091] In summary, the technical scheme of the present application monitors the charge and discharge capacity and voltage of the battery formation process in real time, monitors the values ​​such as voltage increment, capacity deviation, voltage deviation at the same time, promptly finds the abnormal battery in the formation charge and discharge process, and effectively processes it, to avoid the risks such as fire and explosion of abnormal batteries such as short circuit. Due to the synchronous monitoring of two interrelated data of battery capacity and voltage, the accuracy of screening abnormal batteries is improved, and the safety of the formation process is further improved at the same time. In addition, by monitoring the capacity deviation value, voltage deviation value and voltage increment, the screening and elimination of abnormal batteries such as battery capacity and / or voltage consistency not meeting the standard or short circuit are completed when forming, the energy consumption, equipment cost and personnel cost of the subsequent charging and discharging, capacity division, aging and other processes of these inferior batteries are saved, and production efficiency is improved.

[0092] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery formation monitoring method, characterized in that: Real-time monitoring of battery voltage during formation, charge and discharge steps capacity Parameters, real-time battery voltage increment capacity deviation and voltage deviation Two or more of the above are jointly monitored; determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After it is less than the capacity protection value; continue to monitor the battery voltage increment capacity deviation or voltage deviation When any of them exceeds the set standard value, the device will issue a warning and end charging and discharging. in They represent the real-time voltage and capacity of the i-th battery at the n-th recording point, respectively. They respectively represent the real-time voltage increment, real-time capacity deviation and real-time voltage deviation of the i-th battery at the n-th recording point, where i and n are natural numbers.

2. The battery formation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacity protection value is the maximum charge and discharge capacity Q max , whose value is Q max =(1+x%)Q 标 , where Q 标 is the nominal capacity of the battery, wherein x is 1-5; preferably 1, 3, 5. Capacity To monitor, When Stop charging and discharging.

3. The battery formation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the battery system and the charging or discharging steps, the voltage protection value is the charging cut-off voltage or the discharging cut-off voltage; wherein the charging cut-off voltage is U max , the discharge cut-off voltage is U min ; Voltage Real-time monitoring: charging steps, When When the voltage When the voltage continues to discharge, When , stop discharging.

4. The battery formation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacity deviation The average capacity Voltage deviation Among them, the average voltage The voltage increment It represents the real-time voltage of the ith battery at the n+1th recording point, where m is the total number of batteries formed in the same batch and m is a natural number.

5. The battery formation monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Real-time capacity deviation And the voltage increment Conduct joint monitoring, including the following steps: During the charging and discharging phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After it is less than the capacity protection value, continue to Real-time monitoring is performed. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the voltage increment will be further increased. Monitor; if the voltage increases If the voltage is greater than the set voltage deviation standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the charge and discharge will continue; Preferably, the set capacity deviation standard is 3‰-2%; preferably 5‰; the set voltage increment standard is 0.001V-0.005V; preferably 0.005V.

6. The battery formation monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Real-time capacity deviation And voltage deviation Conduct joint monitoring; specifically include the following steps: During the charging and discharging phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After it is less than the capacity protection value, continue to Real-time monitoring is performed. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set capacity deviation standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the voltage deviation will be further Monitor; if voltage deviation If the voltage is greater than the set voltage deviation standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the charge and discharge will continue; The set capacity deviation standard is 3‰-2%, preferably 5‰; the set voltage deviation judgment standard value is 0.001V-0.005V, preferably 0.002V.

7. The battery formation monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Real-time voltage increment and capacity deviation Conduct joint monitoring; specifically include the following steps: During the charging and discharging phase, determine the battery voltage The voltage protection value is not exceeded and the battery capacity After the capacity is less than the protection value, continue to increase the voltage To judge, if the voltage increment If the voltage increment is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the capacity deviation will be further determined. If the capacity deviation If the capacity deviation is greater than the set standard, the device will issue a warning and end the charge and discharge; otherwise, the charge and discharge will continue. The voltage increment standard is set to 0.001V-0.005V, preferably 0.005V; the capacity deviation standard is set to 3‰-2%, preferably 5‰.

8. A battery screening method, characterized in that: During the formation process, during the battery charge and discharge stage, after determining that the battery voltage does not exceed the voltage protection value and the capacity is less than the capacity protection value, continue to use the capacity deviation as described in claim 1. Voltage deviation Voltage increment Two or more of the above are used to monitor and judge the battery in real time; when the capacity deviation Voltage deviation Voltage increment If all monitoring items in the battery are less than or equal to the standard value, the battery is considered to meet the standard and such batteries are screened out for continued circulation. Voltage deviation Voltage increment If any of the above items is greater than the standard value, the battery is judged to be not in compliance with the capacity consistency standard, the voltage consistency standard, or the battery has an internal short circuit abnormality. The device issues a warning and terminates charging and discharging, screening out the abnormal battery and preventing it from being circulated.

9. The battery screening method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The standard value for judging capacity deviation is 3‰-2%, preferably 5‰, and the standard value for judging voltage deviation is 0.001V-0.005V, preferably 0.002V; voltage increment The judgment standard value is 0.001V-0.005V, preferably 0.005V.

10. A terminal, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; a memory for storing the one or more processor-executable instructions; Wherein, the one or more processors are configured to: Execute the battery formation monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the battery screening method according to any one of claims 8 to 9.

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