Display panel, driving method thereof and display device

Abstract

The invention provides a display panel and a driving method thereof and a display device.The display panel comprises a substrate, a pixel defining layer, a light-emitting device layer, a packaging layer and a black matrix layer, the pixel defining layer, the light-emitting device layer, the packaging layer and the black matrix layer are sequentially stacked on one side of the substrate, and the pixel defining layer comprises a plurality of sub-pixel openings; the light-emitting device layer comprises light-emitting devices in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel openings, the black matrix layer comprises a plurality of black matrix openings, the black matrix openings and the sub-pixel openings are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and electrochromic structures are arranged in edge areas of the black matrix openings. The electrochromic structure comprises a first electrode, an electrochromic layer and a second electrode which are sequentially stacked in the direction away from the substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically, to a display panel and a driving method thereof, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of automobile technology, in-vehicle displays have become an indispensable component of modern cars. As a key interface for human-computer interaction, in-vehicle displays not only improve the convenience and entertainment of driving, but also greatly enrich the driving experience by displaying driving information, navigation routes, entertainment content, etc.

[0003] OLED display devices are widely used in the field of in-vehicle displays due to their many advantages, such as wide color gamut, bright colors, and the ability to be curved or full-screen. However, in actual use, there is a significant problem with the in-vehicle instrument panel, that is, the light it emits easily forms a reflection on the front windshield, which not only distracts the driver's attention, but may also block the driver's vision, affecting driving safety. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel and a driving method thereof, and a display device, so as to solve the technical problem in the related art that the image reflection formed by the vehicle-mounted display screen on the windshield causes interference to the driver.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a display panel, which includes a base substrate, a pixel defining layer, a light-emitting device layer, an encapsulation layer and a black matrix layer stacked in sequence on one side of the base substrate, the pixel defining layer includes a plurality of sub-pixel openings, the light-emitting device layer includes light-emitting devices corresponding one-to-one to the sub-pixel openings, the black matrix layer includes a plurality of black matrix openings, and the black matrix openings are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel openings, wherein an electrochromic structure is arranged in an edge area of ​​the black matrix opening, and the electrochromic structure includes a first electrode, an electrochromic layer and a second electrode stacked in sequence in a direction away from the base substrate.

[0007] Optionally, the orthographic projection of the black matrix opening on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening on the base substrate, and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the base substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening on the base substrate.

[0008] Optionally, the black matrix opening includes a first area, a second area and a third area distributed in sequence along a first direction, the orthographic projection of the second area on the base substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening on the base substrate, and the electrochromic structure is arranged in at least the area of ​​the first area and the third area where the outgoing light is directed toward the front windshield.

[0009] Optionally, one of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic layer on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-electrodes on the base substrate.

[0010] Optionally, for each electrochromic structure, the other of the first electrode and the second electrode is connected in series to form a mesh structure.

[0011] Optionally, the display panel has a display area and a first border area and a second border area arranged on opposite sides of the display area, one of the first border area and the second border area is a binding area, and each of the multiple sub-electrodes extends from the display area to the other of the first border area and the second border area to form a plurality of voltage input terminals.

[0012] Optionally, the light-emitting device layer includes light-emitting devices of different colors, wherein the sub-electrodes in the electrochromic structure corresponding to the light-emitting devices of the same color are connected in series one by one.

[0013] Optionally, the display panel also includes a first driving circuit, which is arranged in the other of the first border area and the second border area, and the first driving circuit includes a driving control unit and a plurality of sub-driving units, and the driving control unit includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal. For any sub-driving unit, the sub-driving unit includes a first transistor and a first capacitor, the gate of the first transistor is connected to the second output terminal, the source of the first transistor is connected to the first output terminal, the drain of the first transistor is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and a voltage input terminal, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first voltage signal.

[0014] Optionally, the electrochromic structure further includes a first insulating layer, and the first insulating layer is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0015] Optionally, the display panel further includes:

[0016] A color filter layer, the color filter layer comprising a plurality of color filters, the color filters at least covering the black matrix openings; and / or

[0017] A touch layer is disposed between the encapsulation layer and the black matrix layer.

[0018] A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for driving a display panel, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Get the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light;

[0020] Calculating the driving voltage required for the electrochromic structure in the display panel according to the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light;

[0021] The driving voltage is applied to each electrochromic structure to adjust the brightness and chromaticity of the target viewing angle range of the display panel so that the brightness and chromaticity of the target viewing angle range is consistent with the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light. The target viewing angle range is the light output viewing angle range corresponding to the electrochromic structure.

[0022] A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a display device, comprising the display panel as described above.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are as follows:

[0024] The display panel of the disclosed embodiment is provided with an electrochromic structure in the edge area of ​​the black matrix opening in the black matrix layer, and the electrochromic structure includes a first electrode, an electrochromic layer and a second electrode which are stacked in sequence in a direction away from the base substrate. When the display panel is applied to a vehicle-mounted display screen, different driving voltages can be applied to the electrochromic layer according to the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light. The color and transmittance of the electrochromic layer change with the driving voltage, and thus the brightness and chromaticity of the light emitted by the light-emitting device within a wide viewing angle range will also change. By adjusting the driving voltage, the brightness and chromaticity of the light within the wide viewing angle range of the display panel can be adjusted toward the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light, so that the image reflection on the front windshield tends to be consistent with the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light, which can reduce the interference of the image reflection to the driver. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The specific implementation methods of the present disclosure are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a scene in which a vehicle display screen forms a reflection on a windshield in the related art;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a planar structure of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the middle display area AA along the CC' direction;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3A schematic diagram of simultaneously arranging electroluminescent structures in the first region and the third region;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the distribution of the light-emitting device and the first electrode provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the distribution of the second electrode provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a first driving circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 8 A flow chart of a method for preparing a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Fig. 9 A flow chart of a method for driving a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the principle of dimming of the electrochromic structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, similar words such as "one", "one" or "the" do not indicate quantity restrictions, but indicate that there is at least one. Similar words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Similar words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the reflection of the vehicle display screen on the front windshield, such as Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , the light emitted by the vehicle display screen is irradiated on the front windshield, which is easy to form image reflection. Especially in scenes where the ambient light and the light of the vehicle display screen are very different, such as at night or in low light environments, the problem of display screen reflection is particularly prominent. Specifically, among the light emitted by the vehicle display screen, the light of a certain viewing angle (such as Figure 1 The light in the middle triangle area) will directly enter the human eye, a part of the viewing angle light will be transmitted in the area below the human eye (not shown in the figure), and a part of the viewing angle light 1 will be irradiated to the front windshield, and then reflected by the surface of the front windshield, and the reflected light 2 will enter the human eye. At the same time, the ambient light 3 will also enter the human eye after passing through the front windshield. If the brightness and color difference between the ambient light 3 and the reflected light 2 is large, the image reflection on the front windshield will be prominent, which will block the driver's line of sight and interfere with the driver, posing a very high safety hazard.

[0039] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a display panel. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a planar structure of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the display panel includes a display area AA and a first border area B11 and a second border area B12 arranged on both sides of the display area AA along a first direction Y. When the display panel is applied to a vehicle instrument panel, the first border area B11 is closer to the front windshield of the vehicle, and the second border area B12 is closer to the driver.

[0040] in, Figure 3 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the film structure of the display area AA along the CC' section line direction is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the display panel includes a base substrate 10, a pixel defining layer 11, a light-emitting device layer 12, an encapsulation layer 13 and a black matrix layer 14 stacked in sequence on one side of the base substrate, the pixel defining layer 11 includes a plurality of sub-pixel openings 111, the light-emitting device layer 12 includes light-emitting devices 121 corresponding one-to-one to the sub-pixel openings 111, the black matrix layer 14 includes a plurality of black matrix openings 141, and the black matrix openings 141 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel openings 111, wherein an electrochromic structure 15 is arranged in an edge area of ​​the black matrix opening 141, and the electrochromic structure 15 includes a first electrode 151, an electrochromic layer 152 and a second electrode 153 stacked in sequence along a method away from the base substrate 10.

[0041] The black matrix openings 141 are arranged correspondingly to the sub-pixel openings 111, which can be understood as one black matrix opening 141 is arranged correspondingly to one sub-pixel opening 111, and the positions of the sub-pixel openings 111 and the corresponding black matrix openings 141 correspond to each other. Exemplarily, the orthographic projection of the black matrix openings 141 on the base substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel openings 111 on the base substrate 10.

[0042] Optionally, the projection center of the orthographic projection of the black matrix opening 141 on the base substrate 10 overlaps with the projection center of the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening 111 on the base substrate 10, that is, the center position of the black matrix opening 141 and the center position of the sub-pixel opening 111 are located on a vertical line of the base substrate 10.

[0043] Among them, the black matrix opening 141 is defined by the adjacent black matrix (BM) 142, and the black matrix opening 141 can be understood as consisting of a central area and an edge area surrounding the central area, wherein the central area can be understood as the area corresponding to the sub-pixel opening 111, or the local area where the center position of the sub-pixel is located, and the edge area can be understood as the area of ​​the black matrix opening 141 that is closer to the black matrix 142.

[0044] In the disclosed embodiment, the orthographic projection of the black matrix opening 141 on the base substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening 111 on the base substrate 10 , and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure 15 on the base substrate 10 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening 111 on the base substrate 10 .

[0045] Optionally, the black matrix opening 141 includes a first region 141a, a second region 141b and a third region 141c distributed in sequence along a first direction Y, the orthographic projection of the second region 141b on the base substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening 111 on the base substrate 10, and an electrochromic structure 15 is arranged in the first region 141a and / or the third region 141c.

[0046] For example, Figure 3As shown, in the first direction Y parallel to the base substrate 10, the second region 141b corresponds to the position of the sub-pixel opening 111, which can be understood as the central region of the black matrix opening 111, the first region 141a and the third region 141c are respectively located on both sides of the second region 141b, the first region 141a can also be understood as BM out1, and the third region 141c can also be expressed as BM out2, wherein the first region 141a and the third region 141c can be understood as the edge region of the black matrix opening 141. It can be understood that the size of the second region 141b can also be slightly larger than the size of the sub-pixel opening 111, and at this time, the sizes of the first region 141a and the third region 141c are relatively reduced.

[0047] The electrochromic structure 15 may be arranged in the edge region of the black matrix opening 141 in various situations. For example, the electrochromic structure 15 may be arranged only in the first region 141a, or Figure 3 As shown, the electrochromic structure 15 may be provided only in the third region 141c, or Figure 4 As shown, the electrochromic structure 15 is disposed in both the first region 141 a and the third region 141 c .

[0048] When the electrochromic structure 15 is arranged in different areas, the light output at different viewing angles can be adjusted. Figure 3 Take the display panel shown as an example. Figure 3 As shown, in the CC' direction, the outgoing light of the third area 141c will be directed to the front windshield, that is, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The light 1 shown in the figure is transmitted in the direction of light 1, while the outgoing light of the first area 141a is closer to the driver and does not enter the front windshield. Therefore, when the electrochromic structure 15 is set in the third area 141c, the image reflection on the front windshield can be adjusted, and when the electrochromic structure 15 is set in the first area 141a, the light in the area below the human eye can be adjusted. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the electrochromic structure 15 can be set only in the third area 141c, or in both the third area 141c and the first area 141a.

[0049] Optionally, the electrochromic structure 15 is provided in at least the area of ​​the first area 141a and the third area 141c where the emitted light is directed toward the front windshield.

[0050] Among them, at least the area where the light emitted from the first area 141a and the third area 141c is directed toward the front windshield is provided with the electrochromic structure 15, that is, for the first area 141a and the third area 141c, when the display panel is used as a vehicle-mounted display screen, the area where the light emitted from the area is directed toward the front windshield is provided with the electrochromic structure 15. Figure 3 As shown, in the C-C' direction, the outgoing light of the third area 141c will be toward the front windshield, while the outgoing light of the first area 141a will be toward the driver, that is, away from the front windshield. Therefore, an electrochromic structure 15 is set in the third area 141c, and the brightness and color of the image reflection can be adjusted at this time.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, for any electrochromic structure 15, when different driving voltages are applied to the electrochromic layer 152 through the first electrode 151 and the second electrode 153, the electrochromic layer 152 can switch between multiple colors and transmittances. By switching the electrochromic layer 152 between different transmittances, the light output of the display panel can be adjusted.

[0052] Specifically, the electrochromic layer 152 is a transparent coating. When voltage is applied, the electrochromic layer 152 will change color, for example, to blue, gray, etc., and will return to a transparent color when power is applied in the opposite direction. After the electrochromic layer 152 changes color, its transmittance also changes accordingly. Specifically: in the colored state, the electrochromic layer can absorb more visible light, resulting in a decrease in transmittance. In the decolorized state (i.e., transparent state), the electrochromic material absorbs less visible light and increases transmittance. By controlling the size and direction of the external electric field, the diffusion rate and direction of the ions in the electrochromic layer 152 can be adjusted, thereby accurately controlling the color and transmittance of the electrochromic layer 151.

[0053] It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the electrochromic material has different transmittances when different voltages are applied to adjust the brightness and color of light emitted by the light-emitting device in the display panel over a wide viewing angle range, without limiting the specific material of the electrochromic material and its transmittance state at different driving voltages.

[0054] Compared with the related art, the display panel of the embodiment of the present disclosure has an electrochromic structure arranged in the edge area of ​​the black matrix opening in the black matrix layer, and the electrochromic structure includes a first electrode, an electrochromic layer and a second electrode stacked in sequence in a direction away from the base substrate. When the display panel is applied to a vehicle-mounted display screen, different driving voltages can be applied to the electrochromic layer according to the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light. The color and transmittance of the electrochromic layer change with the driving voltage, and then the brightness and chromaticity of the light emitted by the light-emitting device within a wide viewing angle range will also change. By adjusting the driving voltage, the brightness and chromaticity of the light within the wide viewing angle range of the display panel can be adjusted toward the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light, so that the image reflection on the front windshield tends to be consistent with the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light, which can reduce the interference of the image reflection to the driver.

[0055] In one possible implementation, Figure 3 The display panel further comprises:

[0056] A color filter layer 16, wherein the color filter layer 16 includes a plurality of color filters, and the color filters at least cover the black matrix opening 141; and / or

[0057] The touch layer 17 is disposed between the encapsulation layer 13 and the black matrix layer 14 .

[0058] Exemplarily, when the light-emitting device layer 12 includes a red light-emitting device R, a green light-emitting device G, and a blue light-emitting device B, the color film layer 16 correspondingly includes a red filter R-CF, a green filter G-CF, and a blue filter B-CF, and the red filter R-CF is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the red light-emitting device R, the green filter G-CF is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the green light-emitting device G, and the blue filter B-CF is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the blue light-emitting device B.

[0059] Among them, the color filter at least covers the black matrix opening 141, which may include multiple situations: (1) the orthographic projection of the color filter on the base substrate 10 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the black matrix opening 141 on the base substrate 10, that is, the color filter just covers the black matrix opening 141. At this time, the electrochromic structure 15 is arranged between the touch layer 17 and the color filter, and the electrochromic structure 15 is covered by the color filter; (2) the orthographic projection of the color filter on the base substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the black matrix opening 141 on the base substrate 10, and the orthographic projections of each color filter on the base substrate 10 constitute the entire display area, such as Figure 6 As shown, the color filter covers the black matrix opening 141 , and the color filters of adjacent sub-pixels are adjacent to each other above the black matrix 142 .

[0060] Exemplarily, the touch layer 17 includes a buffer layer (Buffer), a first touch electrode layer TMA, an insulating layer TLD, a second touch electrode layer TMB and a touch protection layer TOC which are sequentially stacked in a direction away from the base substrate 10. Exemplarily, the buffer layer can be formed of inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride; the insulating layer TLD can be formed of inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride; the touch protection layer TOC includes inorganic insulating materials or organic insulating materials.

[0061] In a possible implementation manner, one of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, and an orthographic projection of the electrochromic layer on the base substrate covers an orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-electrodes on the base substrate.

[0062] Optional, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first electrode 151 includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 1511 , and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic layer 152 on the base substrate 10 covers the orthographic projections of the plurality of sub-electrodes 1511 on the base substrate 10 .

[0063] Exemplarily, the number of sub-electrodes 1511 can be 2, 3, 4 or more. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the number of sub-electrodes 1511, and is only described by taking the number of sub-electrodes 1511 as 3, that is, each first electrode 151 includes 3 sub-electrodes 1511 as an example.

[0064] The first electrode 151 and the second electrode 153 are made of transparent conductive materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), nickel oxide (NiO) conductive transparent materials, or other semiconductor transparent materials. Optionally, the plurality of sub-electrodes 1511 are arranged in parallel. Figure 4 As shown, the three sub-electrodes 1511 included in the first electrode 151 are parallel to each other.

[0065] For any electrochromic structure 15, when the first electrode 151 includes three sub-electrodes 1511, the electrochromic structure 15 can be understood as being divided into three sub-electrochromic structures, and the three sub-electrochromic structures are independent of each other. On the one hand, different voltages can be applied to each sub-electrochromic structure to achieve a change in the light transmittance state of the sub-electrochromic structure, thereby changing the light transmittance effect at the position of the sub-electrochromic structure. On the other hand, the same or different voltages can be applied to each sub-electrochromic structure respectively. Through the above two aspects, a more sophisticated dimming effect can be achieved.

[0066] Optionally, for each electrochromic structure, the other of the first electrode and the second electrode is connected in series to form a mesh structure.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, when the first electrode 151 includes multiple sub-electrodes 1511, the second electrode 153 is an integrated structure, and the second electrodes 153 of each electrochromic structure 15 are connected in series to form a mesh structure. For the mesh structure, since the current can be diverted through multiple paths, the current density on each wiring can be reduced, thereby reducing resistance and heat. This design helps to reduce the load on the second electrode 153 and the second connecting wiring, and improve display performance and stability.

[0068] It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode 153 may include a plurality of sub-electrodes, the first electrode 151 is an integrated structure, and the first electrodes 151 of the various electrochromic structures 15 are connected in series to form a mesh structure.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the display panel has a display area AA and a first border area and a second border area arranged on opposite sides of the display area AA, one of the first border area and the second border area is a binding area, and each of the multiple sub-electrodes extends from the display area to the other of the first border area and the second border area to form multiple voltage input terminals.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the display panel has a binding area, which is usually used to bind with an external flexible circuit board. Assume that the binding area is Figure 2 In the second border area B12 shown in the figure, the first electrode 151 in the embodiment of the present disclosure extends to the opposite side of the binding area (i.e., the first border area B11) to form a voltage input terminal, which is used to bind with the driving circuit of the electroluminescent structure 15, and apply different voltages to the first electrode 151 under the control of the driving circuit. Specifically, when the first electrode 151 includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 1511, each sub-electrode 1511 extends into the first border area B11 to form a plurality of voltage input terminals of the sub-electrodes 1511. Similarly, when the binding area is Figure 2 When the first frame area B11 is shown, each sub-electrode 1511 extends into the second frame area B12 to form a respective voltage input terminal.

[0071] In a possible implementation, the light-emitting device layer includes light-emitting devices of different colors, wherein the sub-electrodes in the electrochromic structure corresponding to the light-emitting devices of the same color are connected in series one by one.

[0072] Exemplarily, the light emitting device layer 12 includes a first color light emitting device, a second color light emitting device and a third color light emitting device, wherein the first color light emitting device may be a red light emitting device R, the second color light emitting device may be a green light emitting device G, and the third color light emitting device may be a blue light emitting device B.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 5 , taking the example that the first electrode 151 in the electrochromic structure 15 includes three parallel sub-electrodes, assuming that in the electrochromic structure 15 corresponding to the red light-emitting device R, the three sub-electrodes 1511 included in the first electrode 151 are respectively recorded as R1, R2, and R3, and in the electrochromic structure 15 corresponding to the green light-emitting device G, the three sub-electrodes included in the first electrode 151 are respectively recorded as G1, G2, and G3, and in the electrochromic structure 15 corresponding to the blue light-emitting device B, the three sub-electrodes included in the first electrode 151 are respectively recorded as B1, B2, and B3, then the electrochromic structures corresponding to the light-emitting devices of the same color are The sub-electrodes in the color-changing structure are connected in series one by one, which means that: in the first electrode at the position of each red light-emitting device R, sub-electrode R1 is connected in series, sub-electrode R2 is connected in series, and sub-electrode R3 is connected in series; in the first electrode at the position of each green light-emitting device G, sub-electrode G1 is connected in series, sub-electrode G2 is connected in series, and sub-electrode G3 is connected in series; in the first electrode at the position of each blue light-emitting device B, sub-electrode B1 is connected in series, sub-electrode B2 is connected in series, and sub-electrode B3 is connected in series. Therefore, for each electrochromic structure 15 in the display panel, a total of 9 voltage input terminals are formed.

[0074] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, the display panel also includes a first driving circuit 18, which is arranged in the other of the first border area and the second border area. The first driving circuit 18 includes a driving control unit 181 and a plurality of sub-driving units 182. The driving control unit 181 includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal. For any sub-driving unit 182, the sub-driving unit 182 includes a first transistor and a first capacitor, a gate G of the first transistor is connected to the second output terminal, a source S of the first transistor is connected to the first output terminal, a drain D of the first transistor is connected to a first terminal of the first capacitor and a voltage input terminal, and a second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to a first voltage signal.

[0075] Exemplarily, the second border area B12 is a binding area, and the first driving circuit 18 is disposed in the first border area B11.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of sub-driving units 182 is the same as the number of voltage input terminals, and one sub-driving unit 182 is connected to one voltage input terminal. Continuing with the example that the light-emitting device layer 12 includes a red light-emitting device, a green light-emitting device, and a blue light-emitting device, and the first electrode includes 3 sub-electrodes, the first driving circuit 18 includes 9 sub-driving units 182, and each sub-driving unit 182 is respectively connected to the voltage input terminal, and inputs voltage to the corresponding sub-electrodes R1, R2, R3, G1, G2, G3, B1, B2, B3. For example, Figure 7As shown, in the sub-driving unit 182 connected to the sub-electrode B1, the first transistor is represented as MUX1, the first capacitor is recorded as C1, and the first voltage signal is a constant voltage VDD. It should be noted that, Figure 1 The second end of each first capacitor is connected to the first voltage signal, which is not shown in the figure.

[0077] Among them, the driving control unit 181 can be a driving IC, which is connected to the ambient light sensor, can receive the ambient light information detected by the ambient light sensor, and calculate the driving voltage output to each sub-electrode R1, R2, R3, G1, G2, G3, B1, B2, and B3 based on the ambient light information.

[0078] In specific implementation, the second output terminal of the driving control unit 181 is connected to the gate G of the first transistor in each sub-driving unit 182, and the driving control unit 181 outputs the gate control signal to the gate of each first transistor in a time-sharing manner, that is, it is divided into nine time periods, and the gate control signal is applied to different sub-driving units 182 in different time periods, that is, different sub-driving units 182 are turned on in different time periods. It should be noted that Figure 7 It is only shown that the second output terminal of the driving control unit 181 is connected to the gate G of the first transistor in one of the sub-driving units 182. However, in the actual product, the second output terminal of the driving control unit 181 is connected to the gate G of the first transistor in each sub-driving unit 182, and the conduction of each sub-driving unit 182 is controlled in a time-sharing manner. Among them, the first capacitor is used to maintain the potential in the corresponding sub-electrode. For example, in the time-sharing control, when the gate control signal is first output to the sub-driving unit 182 corresponding to the sub-electrode B1, that is, after the sub-electrode B1 is turned on, the first capacitor is consistent with the drain voltage of the first transistor. When the gate control signal is switched to the sub-driving unit 182 corresponding to the sub-electrode B2, although the first transistor in the sub-driving unit 182 corresponding to the sub-electrode B1 is disconnected, due to the existence of the first capacitor, the first capacitor will continue to apply the driving voltage to the sub-electrode B1, and so on.

[0079] Among them, the first output end of the driving control unit 181 is connected to the source S of the first transistor in each sub-driving unit 182, which is used to output the color change control voltage to the sub-driving unit 182 in the on state, so that the drain D of the sub-driving unit 182 can apply a driving voltage corresponding to the color change control voltage to the corresponding sub-electrode.

[0080] In the disclosed embodiment, the first driving circuit can apply different driving voltages to different sub-driving units through time-sharing control, thereby adjusting the color change and light transmittance of the electrochromic structure corresponding to each sub-electrode.

[0081] from Figure 5 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 It can be seen that the display panel includes a plurality of red light-emitting devices R, a plurality of green light-emitting devices G, and a plurality of blue light-emitting devices B. For the electrochromic structures corresponding to the red light-emitting devices R, the driving voltages applied to the sub-electrodes are the same, that is, the driving voltages applied to the sub-electrodes R1 are the same, the driving voltages applied to the sub-electrodes R2 are the same, and the driving voltages applied to the sub-electrodes R3 are the same. Therefore, the sub-electrochromic structures corresponding to the sub-electrodes R1 have the same color change conditions. Similarly, the sub-electrochromic structures corresponding to the sub-electrodes R2 have the same color change conditions, and the sub-electrochromic structures corresponding to the sub-electrodes R3 have the same color change conditions. Similarly, for the green light-emitting devices G, the driving voltages applied to the sub-electrodes in the corresponding electrochromic structures are also the same; for the green light-emitting devices B, the driving voltages applied to the sub-electrodes in the corresponding electrochromic structures are also the same.

[0082] Optionally, the display panel also includes a driving circuit layer 19 arranged between the base substrate 10 and the pixel defining layer 11. The driving circuit layer 19 is also called a thin film transistor (TFT) layer, which may include an active layer (Active) formed on the base substrate 10 by a patterning process, a gate insulating layer (GI) formed on the active layer by deposition or the like, a gate (Gate) of the thin film transistor formed on the gate insulating layer by a patterning process, a dielectric layer (ILD) formed on the gate by deposition or the like, a source-drain metal layer formed on the dielectric layer, and a planar layer (PLN) covering the source-drain metal layer and the exposed dielectric layer, the source-drain metal layer forms a source (Source) and a drain (Drain) of the thin film transistor, for example, the source is electrically connected to the active layer through a dielectric layer via. Among them, the active layer can be made of materials such as polysilicon and metal oxide, the gate insulating layer can be made of inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride, the dielectric layer can be made of inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride, the gate material includes metals or alloy materials such as aluminum, titanium, cobalt, etc., and the flat layer is, for example, an organic material. In specific implementation, the driving circuit layer 19 can be a double-gate layer structure, a double-layer SD (i.e., two-layer source and drain metal layer) structure, a triple-layer SD (i.e., three-layer source and drain metal layer) structure, etc. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the specific film layer structure of the driving circuit layer 19.

[0083] Optionally, the first transistor and the first capacitor in the first driving circuit 18, such as transistors MUX1, MUX2, MUX3, MUX4, MUX5, MUX6, MUX7, MUX8, MUX9, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor C6, capacitor C7, capacitor C8, and capacitor C9, can be arranged in the same layer as some film layers in the driving circuit layer 19, that is, each first transistor and first capacitor is synchronously formed in the first border area 11 during the preparation of the circuit layer 19.

[0084] Optionally, the electrochromic structure 15 further includes a first insulating layer 154 , and the first insulating layer 154 is disposed between the first electrode 151 and the second electrode 153 .

[0085] Exemplarily, the first insulating layer 154 is disposed between the first electrode 151 and the electrochromic layer 152 .

[0086] Exemplarily, the first insulating layer 154 is disposed between the electrochromic layer 152 and the second electrode 153 .

[0087] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by disposing the first insulating layer 154 between the first electrode 151 and the second electrode 153 , the insulation performance between the first electrode 151 and the second electrode 153 can be ensured.

[0088] Based on the same inventive concept, the second aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a display panel, such as Figure 8 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0089] Step S101, providing a first substrate;

[0090] Step S102, a pixel defining layer, a light-emitting device layer, an encapsulation layer and a black matrix layer are sequentially stacked on one side of the base substrate, the pixel defining layer includes a plurality of sub-pixel openings, the light-emitting device layer includes light-emitting devices corresponding one-to-one to the sub-pixel openings, the black matrix layer includes a plurality of black matrix openings, the black matrix openings are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel openings, wherein an electrochromic structure is arranged in an edge area of ​​the black matrix opening, the electrochromic structure includes a first electrode, an electrochromic layer and a second electrode sequentially stacked in a direction away from the base substrate.

[0091] Based on the same inventive concept, the third aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for driving a display panel, which is applicable to the display panel shown above. Fig. 9 As shown, the driving method comprises the steps of:

[0092] Step S201, obtaining brightness and chromaticity information of ambient light.

[0093] For example, the ambient light information, i.e., the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light, can be detected by an ambient light sensor. Figure 7 As shown, the driving control unit 181 of the first driving circuit is connected to the ambient light sensor, and can obtain the brightness and color information of the ambient light detected by the ambient light sensor.

[0094] Optionally, the driving control unit 181 may also be connected to a vehicle-mounted control system to obtain ambient light information from the vehicle-mounted control system. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the method for obtaining ambient light information.

[0095] Step S202 , calculating the driving voltage required by the electrochromic structure in the display panel according to the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light.

[0096] In the disclosed embodiment, after obtaining the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light, the driving control unit 181 can adjust the voltage output to the electrochromic structure according to the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light, thereby changing the color and transmittance of the electrochromic structure. When the color and transmittance of the electrochromic structure change, it will affect the brightness and chromaticity of the light-emitting device in that area, and ultimately achieve the effect that the brightness and chromaticity of the display panel in that area tends to be consistent with the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light.

[0097] For example, at dusk, the ambient light is yellowish, and the ambient light sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the drive control unit. The drive control unit calculates the driving voltage required for the electrochromic structure based on the received electrical signal. The driving voltage satisfies the following conditions: when the display panel displays normally, the light emitted from the area where the electrochromic structure is located is yellowish, that is, the brightness and color of the light emitted from this area tend to be consistent with the ambient light. In this way, the reflected light 2 of the windshield can be integrated with the ambient light 3 to achieve the effect of making the reflected light 2 on the windshield invisible, thereby reducing the interference of the reflected light 2 to the driver.

[0098] In a specific implementation, for example, if the ambient light is yellowish, the transmittance state of the electrochromic structure 15 corresponding to the red light-emitting device R, the green light-emitting device G, and the green light-emitting device B can be adjusted. For example, the output driving voltage can be controlled so that the electrochromic structure 15 at the position of the red light-emitting device R and the green electrochromic device G is transparent, while the electrochromic structure 15 at the position of the blue light-emitting device B is opaque, that is, the blue light is reduced. At this time, the overall light output of the display panel presents a yellowish effect.

[0099] Step S203, applying the driving voltage to each electrochromic structure to adjust the brightness and chromaticity of the target viewing angle range of the display panel so that the brightness and chromaticity of the target viewing angle range are consistent with the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light, and the target viewing angle range is the light output viewing angle range corresponding to the electrochromic structure.

[0100] For example, Fig.10 As shown, for any light emitting device, the light emitting area of ​​the light emitting device can be represented by the visual angle a1+a2+a3, where a1 represents Fig.10 The light output viewing angle range corresponding to the electroluminescent structure 15 on the left side of the middle, a3 represents Fig.10 The target viewing angle range of the light output corresponding to the electroluminescent structure 15 on the right side is the viewing angle range represented by a1 and a3. Compared with the viewing angle a2, a1 and a3 can also be understood as the wide viewing angle range of the display panel. After the electroluminescent structure 15 is set, the brightness and chromaticity of the light output of the display panel within the viewing angle range of a1 and a3 can be adjusted, that is, the brightness and chromaticity of the display panel within the wide viewing angle range can be adjusted.

[0101] Based on the same inventive concept, the fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a display device, including the display panel as described above. Exemplarily, the display device can be any product or component with a display function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a laptop computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0102] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present disclosure are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present disclosure, and are not limitations on the implementation methods of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is impossible to list all the implementation methods here. All obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present disclosure are still within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: The display panel includes a base substrate, a pixel defining layer, a light-emitting device layer, an encapsulation layer and a black matrix layer stacked in sequence on one side of the base substrate, the pixel defining layer includes a plurality of sub-pixel openings, the light-emitting device layer includes light-emitting devices corresponding one-to-one to the sub-pixel openings, the black matrix layer includes a plurality of black matrix openings, and the black matrix openings are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sub-pixel openings, wherein an electrochromic structure is arranged in an edge area of ​​the black matrix opening, and the electrochromic structure includes a first electrode, an electrochromic layer and a second electrode stacked in sequence in a direction away from the base substrate.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the black matrix opening on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening on the base substrate, and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic structure on the base substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening on the base substrate.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The black matrix opening includes a first area, a second area and a third area distributed in sequence along a first direction, the orthographic projection of the second area on the base substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel opening on the base substrate, and the electrochromic structure is arranged in at least the area of ​​the first area and the third area where the outgoing light is directed toward the front windshield.

4. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: One of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a plurality of sub-electrodes, and the orthographic projection of the electrochromic layer on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-electrodes on the base substrate.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: For each electrochromic structure, the other of the first electrode and the second electrode is connected in series to form a mesh structure.

6. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The display panel has a display area and a first frame area and a second frame area arranged on opposite sides of the display area, one of the first frame area and the second frame area is a binding area, and each of the multiple sub-electrodes extends from the display area to the other of the first frame area and the second frame area to form a plurality of voltage input terminals.

7. The display panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The light-emitting device layer includes light-emitting devices of different colors, wherein the sub-electrodes in the electrochromic structure corresponding to the light-emitting devices of the same color are connected in series one by one.

8. The display panel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The display panel also includes a first driving circuit, which is arranged in the other of the first border area and the second border area. The first driving circuit includes a driving control unit and a plurality of sub-driving units. The driving control unit includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal. For any sub-driving unit, the sub-driving unit includes a first transistor and a first capacitor, a gate of the first transistor is connected to the second output terminal, a source of the first transistor is connected to the first output terminal, a drain of the first transistor is connected to a first terminal of the first capacitor and a voltage input terminal, and a second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to a first voltage signal.

9. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrochromic structure further includes a first insulating layer, and the first insulating layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

10. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display panel further includes: A color filter layer, the color filter layer comprising a plurality of color filters, the color filters at least covering the black matrix openings; and / or A touch layer is disposed between the encapsulation layer and the black matrix layer.

11. A method for driving a display panel, applicable to the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Get the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light; Calculating the driving voltage required for the electrochromic structure in the display panel according to the brightness and chromaticity information of the ambient light; The driving voltage is applied to each electrochromic structure to adjust the brightness and chromaticity of the target viewing angle range of the display panel so that the brightness and chromaticity of the target viewing angle range is consistent with the brightness and chromaticity of the ambient light. The target viewing angle range is the light output viewing angle range corresponding to the electrochromic structure.

12. A display device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a display panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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