Shaft surface machining method and system, storage medium and intelligent terminal
Through automated shaft processing methods, the processing drawings and tool databases are used to form and execute the processing step sequence, solving the problems of complexity and operational errors in the existing technology, and achieving an efficient and automated shaft processing process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411975887.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-25
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the shaft processing process is complex and the process steps are numerous, which leads to the processing workers requiring a lot of experience and prone to operating errors.
By obtaining processing drawings, determining the processing actions and sizes, finding the corresponding tool numbers, forming the processing step sequence, and combining the automatic loading and unloading steps, controlling the lathe to perform a complete processing method to achieve automated processing.
No human participation is required, reducing operational errors, and improving the automation and versatility, fluency and accuracy of shaft processing.
Smart Images
Figure CN119886705A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of shaft processing technology, and in particular to a shaft surface processing method, system, storage medium and intelligent terminal. Background Art
[0002] A shaft is a mechanical part that supports rotating parts and rotates with them to transmit motion, torque or bending moment.
[0003] In the related art, refer to Figure 1 A machined shaft with chamfers on the end faces at both ends, a recessed annular groove in the middle area, a threaded groove and a frosted surface in the middle, and a cut surface of a certain depth on the end face of one end.
[0004] The following problems exist in the prior art. Usually, the process of machining a shaft using a lathe is controlled manually. The more surfaces and grooves are machined, the more process steps there are, the more complicated the process is, the more experience the machining workers need, and the more problems are likely to occur. There is still room for improvement. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to improve the problem that the more surfaces and grooves are processed, the more process steps there are, the more complex the process is, the more experience the processing workers need, and the more problems are likely to occur, the present application provides a shaft surface processing method, system, storage medium and intelligent terminal.
[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a shaft surface processing method, which adopts the following technical solution: A shaft surface processing method, comprising: Obtain processing drawings; Determine the processing actions, corresponding processing dimensions and processing areas based on the processing drawings; Find the corresponding machining tool number from the preset tool database based on the machining action and machining size; Forming a processing step based on a processing tool number, a processing area, and a processing size; sequencing the processing steps to form a processing step sequence; Searching for a corresponding tool change step from a preset tool change database based on tool numbers in adjacent tool steps in the process step sequence; inserting the tool change step into the corresponding adjacent processing step to form an overall processing step sequence; Adding preset automatic loading steps and automatic unloading steps before and after the overall processing step sequence to form a complete processing method; A method for controlling a lathe to perform a complete processing method, the lathe comprising a lathe body, a fixture for clamping a shaft to be processed, an axis changing assembly and a processing assembly, the fixture being installed on the lathe body to clamp the shaft to be processed and rotate it, the axis changing assembly comprising a movable bracket, a first thumb cylinder and a second thumb cylinder, the movable bracket being slidably connected to the lathe body in a three-dimensional direction, the first thumb cylinder being fixedly connected to the movable bracket to clamp the shaft to be processed and move it to the fixture, the second thumb cylinder being fixedly connected to the movable bracket to clamp the processed shaft out of the fixture, the processing assembly comprising a rotating cylinder, a rotating disk and a processing knife, the rotating cylinder being slidably connected to the lathe body in a horizontal direction, the rotating disk being fixedly connected to the clamping jaws of the rotating cylinder to rotate around its own axis, the number of the processing knives being several, the processing knives being all fixedly connected to the rotating disk and the knife edges extending outside the rotating disk and facing different directions.
[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the corresponding processing method and processing size are obtained according to the labels on the processing drawings, and then the corresponding processing steps are formed. The entire processing method is formed in combination with the automatic loading and unloading steps, and then it can be executed in sequence without human participation, avoiding operational errors caused by lack of human experience, and improving the degree of automation and versatility of shaft processing.
[0008] Optionally, a specific method of sorting the processing steps to form a processing step sequence includes: Classifying the processing steps based on the processing tool numbers to obtain a same-tool processing step group; Based on the corresponding coordinates in the processing area, the processing steps in the same-cutting processing step group are sorted according to a preset coordinate sequence rule to obtain a same-cutting processing step sequence; Sorting the same-tool processing step groups according to a preset rotation number sequence rule to obtain a processing step group sequence; The processing step sequence is formed by combining the same-tool processing step sequence and the processing step group sequence.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the steps of the same tool are executed first and then sorted according to the length direction of the shaft, which reduces the frequent switching of the blade and improves the fluency of the shaft processing method.
[0010] Optionally, it also includes a method for determining whether to sort the same-tool processing step groups according to a preset rotation number sequence rule to obtain a processing step group sequence, the method comprising: Based on the processing area and the processing tool number, determine the processing steps that do not belong to the same-tool processing step group but have an intersection in the processing area, and define the matching processing steps as intersection processing steps; Based on the processing actions corresponding to the intersection processing steps, a corresponding necessary sequence is searched from a preset sequence database, where the necessary sequence is a necessary sequence of the intersection processing steps; When the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are inconsistent, the processing step group sequence is adjusted based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence; When the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are consistent, the same-tool processing step groups are sorted according to the preset rotation number sequence rules to obtain the processing step group sequence.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when there are multiple processing methods in the same area and some methods have a certain sequence, it is necessary to observe whether they are the same as the rotation order of the blade. If they are the same, they are still executed in the original order. If they are not the same, the overall switch is performed according to the necessary sequence, thereby improving the smoothness of the overall processing while ensuring frequent cutting.
[0012] Optionally, it further includes a method for adjusting the processing step group sequence based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence when the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are inconsistent, and obtaining the processing step sequence, the method comprising: Based on the necessary sequence, determine the intersection processing steps of the same processing tool number, the number of exclusive sequences of different necessary sequences, and the intersection processing steps of the same processing tool number, the number of identical sequences of the same necessary sequence; When the number of mutually exclusive sequences is equal to 1, the processing step group sequence is adjusted based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence; When the number of mutually exclusive sequences is greater than 1, select the necessary sequence with the largest number of identical sequences, define the necessary sequence as the primary necessary sequence, and define the remaining necessary sequences as secondary necessary sequences; Adjusting the processing step group sequence based on the primary necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence; Determine abnormal processing steps based on the secondary necessary sequence; The abnormal processing steps are extracted and inserted into the corresponding processing step sequence according to the secondary necessary sequence to form a fine-tuned processing step sequence to be output as the processing step sequence.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, if there are any differences in the order of priority, they can be adjusted individually to ensure the smoothness of the overall processing.
[0014] Optionally, the method of extracting the abnormal processing steps and inserting them into the corresponding processing step sequence according to the secondary necessary sequence to form a fine-tuned processing step sequence for output as the processing step sequence includes: Determine a processing step group in the same area based on the processing area corresponding to the abnormal processing step; Determining an abnormal same-region processing step group in a same-region processing step group based on the abnormal processing step and the secondary necessary sequence; The abnormal same-region processing step group is extracted and placed after the processing step sequence, and is sorted according to the secondary necessary sequence and the primary necessary sequence to form a minor processing step sequence for output as the processing step sequence.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, all the subsequent parts of the necessary sequence in the same area can be taken out and adjusted at the end, so that at least the previous steps are carried out in the same way as the processing knife.
[0016] Optionally, a method for verifying the complete processing method is also included, the method comprising: Determine the axis drawing to be processed based on the processing drawing; Generate a model of the axis to be processed on the simulation software based on the axis drawing to be processed; Generate product shaft model on simulation software based on processing drawings; Simulate the complete machining method on the simulation software to generate a machining completion model; Match the product axis model with the finished machining model to determine the machining abnormality area; Determine an abnormal region processing step group and a current abnormal region processing step sequence based on the abnormal processing region; Arbitrarily switch the current abnormal area processing step sequence to obtain the attempted abnormal area processing step sequence; Update the complete processing method according to the sequence of the processing steps of the attempted abnormal region to obtain the attempted complete processing method and regenerate the processing completion model, and define the processing completion model as the attempted processing completion model; When the processing completion model and the product axis model are inconsistent, the processing step sequence of the current abnormal area is re-switched until the processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent; When the attempted machining completion model and the product axis model are consistent, the attempted complete machining method at this time is updated to the complete machining method for output.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, simulation is performed through simulation software to ensure that the processing steps and sequence analyzed by the analysis software are accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of automatically generated processing steps.
[0018] Optionally, a method for updating the necessary sequence is also included, the method comprising: When the attempted processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent, the processing step sequence of the current abnormal area continues to be switched and the attempted complete processing method continues to be obtained; Count the number of matching sequences of the attempted complete processing method when the attempted processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent; When the number of matching sequences is equal to 1, the sequence of processing steps of the abnormal area at this time is stored as the necessary sequence; When the number of matching sequences is greater than 1, the abnormal region processing step sequence at this time is defined as a matching processing step sequence; Analyzing based on the conforming processing step sequence to obtain a local processing step sequence existing in each conforming processing step sequence; The sequence of the local processing steps is stored as a necessary sequence.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the software finds some necessary sequences that were not previously recorded after simulation, the corresponding necessary sequences can be automatically stored, thereby improving the self-learning ability of the software.
[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a shaft surface processing system, which adopts the following technical solution: A shaft surface processing system, comprising: An acquisition module is used to acquire processing drawings; A memory for storing a program of a control method of any one of the above-mentioned shaft surface processing methods; The program in the memory can be loaded and executed by the processor to realize the control method of any one of the above-mentioned shaft surface processing methods.
[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, the corresponding processing method and processing size are obtained according to the labels on the processing drawings, and then the corresponding processing steps are formed. The entire processing method is formed in combination with the automatic loading and unloading steps, and then it can be executed in sequence without human participation, avoiding operational errors caused by lack of human experience, and improving the degree of automation and versatility of shaft processing.
[0022] In the third aspect, the present application provides a smart terminal, which adopts the following technical solution: The intelligent terminal comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program which can be loaded by the processor and execute any one of the above-mentioned shaft surface processing methods.
[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, the corresponding processing method and processing size are obtained according to the labels on the processing drawings, and then the corresponding processing steps are formed. The entire processing method is formed in combination with the automatic loading and unloading steps, and then it can be executed in sequence without human participation, avoiding operational errors caused by lack of human experience, and improving the degree of automation and versatility of shaft processing.
[0024] Fourthly, the present application provides a computer storage medium that can store corresponding programs and has the characteristics of fast interaction with memory big data.
[0025] Computer readable storage medium, using the following technical solution: A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and execute any one of the above-mentioned shaft surface processing methods.
[0026] By adopting the above technical scheme, the corresponding processing method and processing size are obtained according to the labels on the processing drawings, and then the corresponding processing steps are formed. The entire processing method is formed in combination with the automatic loading and unloading steps, and then it can be executed in sequence without human participation, avoiding operational errors caused by lack of human experience, and improving the degree of automation and versatility of shaft processing.
[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Obtain the corresponding processing method and processing size according to the label on the processing drawing, and then form the corresponding processing steps, combine the automatic loading and unloading steps to form the entire processing method, and then execute them in sequence, without human participation, avoiding operational errors caused by lack of human experience, and improving the automation and versatility of shaft processing; 2. Prioritize the steps of the same tool, and then sort them according to the length direction of the shaft, reducing the frequent switching of the blade and improving the fluency of the shaft processing method; 3. Simulation is performed through simulation software to ensure that the processing steps and sequence analyzed by the analysis software are accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of automatically generated processing steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaft to be processed in the embodiment of the present application.
[0029] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a shaft surface processing method in an embodiment of the present application.
[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lathe in the embodiment of the present application.
[0031] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of a specific method for sorting processing steps to form a processing step sequence in an embodiment of the present application.
[0032] Figure 5 It is a tabular diagram of the sequence of processing steps in the embodiments of the present application.
[0033] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of a method for determining whether to sort the same-tool processing step groups according to a preset rotation number sequence rule to obtain a processing step group sequence in an embodiment of the present application.
[0034] Figure 7It is a table diagram of the actual processing step group sequence in the embodiments of the present application.
[0035] Figure 8 It is a flowchart of a further method for adjusting the processing step group sequence based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence and obtaining the processing step sequence when the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are inconsistent in an embodiment of the present application.
[0036] Fig. 9 It is a tabular diagram of the sequence of fine-tuning processing steps in the embodiment of the present application.
[0037] Fig.10 It is a flowchart of a method in an embodiment of the present application for extracting abnormal processing steps and inserting them into a corresponding processing step sequence in accordance with a secondary necessary sequence to form a fine-tuned processing step sequence for output as a processing step sequence.
[0038] Fig.11 It is a flow chart of the verification method of the complete processing method in the embodiment of the present application.
[0039] Fig.12 It is a flowchart of the updating method of the necessary sequence in the embodiment of the present application.
[0040] Fig.13 It is a system module diagram of a shaft surface processing method in an embodiment of the present application.
[0041] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. lathe body; 2. fixture; 3. axis changing assembly; 31. movable bracket; 32. first thumb cylinder; 33. second thumb cylinder; 4. machining assembly; 41. rotating cylinder; 42. rotating disk; 43. machining tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following Figure 2-Figure 13 It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0043] The present application embodiment discloses a shaft surface processing method. Figure 2 , a shaft surface processing method comprising: Step 100: Obtain processing drawings.
[0044] The processing drawing is a drawing of the product designed by the designer. It contains the dimensions of each position of the shaft, processing accuracy, processing content, etc. Since the drawing is for machine identification, the marking process should be as detailed as possible and recognizable.
[0045] Step 101: Determine the processing action, corresponding processing size and processing area based on the processing drawing.
[0046] The processing action is the processing action, such as polishing, grooving, chamfering, etc. The processing size is the size of the corresponding processing action. The processing area is the area that needs to be processed. The determination method is to directly identify the mark on the corresponding processing drawing. For example: C1 is marked on one end of the shaft, then C means chamfering and the chamfer angle is 45°, then the chamfer length at the chamfer is 1mm, and the corresponding processing area is the end face.
[0047] Step 102: Find the corresponding processing tool number from a preset tool database based on the processing action and processing size.
[0048] The processing tool number is the number of the processing tool 43 that can realize the processing action and process to the processing size. The mapping relationship between the processing action and the processing tool number is stored in the database. The staff in this field determines the tool that can achieve the processing action and meet the processing size requirements based on the actual processing action and processing size combined with their own work experience, and then associates the numbers on it to obtain it. When the system receives the corresponding processing action and processing size, it automatically finds the corresponding processing tool number from the database and outputs it.
[0049] Step 103: A processing step is formed based on the processing tool number, processing area and processing size.
[0050] The processing step is to process the processing area with the processing tool number to obtain the corresponding processing size. For example: the processing tool number is 1, and 1 represents the chamfering tool, the processing area is 0mm-1mm, and the processing size is 1mm, so the processing step at this time is to chamfer the 0mm-1mm area with the chamfering tool to make the chamfer length 1mm.
[0051] Step 104: Sort the processing steps to form a processing step sequence.
[0052] The processing step sequence is the sequence of the processing steps. The method of sorting is described in the subsequent steps and will not be repeated here.
[0053] Step 105: searching a preset tool change database for a corresponding tool change step based on the tool numbers in adjacent processing steps in the processing step sequence.
[0054] The tool changing step is that since the processing tool 43 with the processing tool number in the adjacent processing steps is not the same, the processing tool 43 needs to be switched to another tool when executing the next processing step, so the tool changing step is required at this time. The mapping relationship between the processing tool number and the tool changing step is stored in the database. The staff in this field records the switching angle and switching direction required for the tool on the lathe to switch from one to another in combination. When the system receives the corresponding processing tool number in sequence, it automatically finds the corresponding tool changing step from the database and outputs it.
[0055] Here, if the two used processing tool numbers are the same number, then the tool change step is not to change the tool.
[0056] Step 106: inserting the tool changing step into the corresponding adjacent processing steps to form an overall processing step sequence.
[0057] The overall processing step sequence is the overall processing step sequence after adding the tool change step.
[0058] Step 107: Adding preset automatic loading steps and automatic unloading steps before and after the overall processing step sequence to form a complete processing method.
[0059] The automatic loading step is the step of automatically loading. The automatic unloading step is the step of automatically unloading. The action flow is set manually. The complete processing method starts with loading, then processing and tool change, and finally unloading after the shaft surface processing is completed.
[0060] Step 108: Control the lathe to execute the complete machining method.
[0061] Reference Figure 3 The lathe includes a lathe body 1, a fixture 2 for clamping the shaft to be processed, an axis changing assembly 3 and a processing assembly 4. The fixture 2 is installed on the lathe body 1 to clamp the shaft to be processed and rotate it. The axis changing assembly 3 includes a movable bracket 31, a first thumb cylinder 32 and a second thumb cylinder 33. The movable bracket 31 is slidably connected to the lathe body 1 along a three-dimensional direction. The first thumb cylinder 32 is fixedly connected to the movable bracket 31 to clamp the shaft to be processed and move it to the fixture 2. The second thumb cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the movable bracket 31 to clamp the processed shaft and move it out of the fixture 2.
[0062] The processing assembly 4 includes a rotary cylinder 41, a rotating disk 42 and a processing knife 43. The rotary cylinder 41 is connected to the lathe body 1 in a sliding manner in the horizontal direction. The rotating disk 42 is fixedly connected to the clamping jaws of the rotary cylinder 41 to rotate around its own axis. There are several processing knives 43, and the processing knives 43 are all fixedly connected to the rotating disk 42 and the blades extend outside the rotating disk 42 and face different directions to provide processing knives 43 with different functions. When a certain processing knife 43 is needed, the rotating disk 42 can be rotated so that the processing knife 43 that meets the requirements faces the axis to be processed.
[0063] Reference Figure 4 , the specific method of sorting the processing steps to form a processing step sequence includes: Step 200: Classify the processing steps based on the processing tool numbers to obtain a same-tool processing step group.
[0064] The same tool processing step group is a group of processing steps with the same processing tool number. If the processing tool numbers within the corresponding processing steps are the same, they fall into the same tool processing step group.
[0065] Step 201: based on the corresponding coordinates in the processing area, the processing steps in the same-tool processing step group are sorted according to a preset coordinate sequence rule to obtain a same-tool processing step sequence.
[0066] The coordinate order rule is the rule for sorting coordinates, for example: coordinates from small to large. The axes are placed horizontally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the closer any point on the axis is to the left, the smaller the coordinate is. The same tool processing step sequence is the sequence of processing steps continuously performed by the processing tool 43 with the same processing tool number, for example: from left to right. The sorting method is to sort according to the coordinate sequence rule, that is, sort from left to right.
[0067] Step 202: Sort the same-tool processing step groups according to a preset rotation number sequence rule to obtain a processing step group sequence.
[0068] The rotation number sequence rule is that since the rotating disk 42 has a fixed rotation direction in the tool change step and cannot skip a number, there is a corresponding rotation number sequence. That is, if the rotation number sequence rule is S1*, S2*, S3*, S4*, it is impossible to jump directly from S1* to S3* and then return to S2*. It must pass through S2* first, and of course it is also possible not to stop at S2*. The processing step group sequence is the order of different processing step groups with the same tool.
[0069] The processing step sequence is a two-digit number, which indicates the order of sequence. The same is true in the subsequent process, so it is not repeated. It should be noted that the "*" represents all other steps at the corresponding position. For example, S1* includes S11, S12, S13 and S14, while S*1 includes S11, S21, S31 and S41.
[0070] Step 203: The same-tool processing step sequence and the processing step group sequence are combined to form a processing step sequence.
[0071] Here Figure 5 As shown, it is a table of numbers of the processing tool sequence, where the tens digit of the number represents the processing tool number, and the ones digit represents the area number. For example, S11 is a processing tool numbered 1, and processes the area numbered 1. S11, S12, S13, and S14 are the same-tool processing step group, and the same-tool processing step sequence is S11, S12, S13, and S14. The processing step group sequence is S11, S21, S31, and S41. Therefore, the processing step sequence is: S11, S12, S13, S14, S21, S22...... That is, the comprehensive method is to first execute the contents of the same-tool processing step group, and the internal sequence is to execute according to the processing step group sequence, and then execute the contents of another same-tool processing step group in sequence.
[0072] Reference Figure 6 , and also includes a method for sorting the same-tool processing step groups according to a preset rotation number sequence rule to obtain a processing step group sequence, the method comprising: Step 300: Based on the processing area and the processing tool number, determine the processing steps that do not belong to the same-tool processing step group but have an intersection in the processing area, and define all the matching processing steps as intersection processing steps.
[0073] The determination method is to determine it according to the area corresponding to each processing step. If the processing areas here intersect, then there are two types of processing tool numbers in the intersection area, and the cutting must be performed, so it must be performed one after the other. The determination method is that if it does not belong to the same tool processing step group but the processing areas have intersections, it is an intersection processing step.
[0074] Step 301: searching for the corresponding necessary sequence from a preset sequence database based on the processing actions corresponding to the intersection processing steps.
[0075] The necessary sequence is the necessary sequence of the processing actions of the intersection processing steps. For example, the groove must be dug before the bottom of the groove can be polished. The database stores the mapping relationship between the processing actions corresponding to the intersection processing steps and the necessary sequence. It is set by the staff in this field according to the processing steps in the actual process. When the system receives the processing action of the corresponding intersection processing step, it automatically finds the corresponding necessary sequence from the database and outputs it.
[0076] Step 302: When the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are inconsistent, the processing step group sequence is adjusted based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence.
[0077] In order to make the necessary sequence accurate, the actual processing step group sequence must be adjusted, and the adjusted processing step group sequence.
[0078] If the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are inconsistent, it means that if the rotation is performed according to the rotation number sequence, one of the processing actions will be invalid or cannot be implemented, resulting in overall failure. For example: Figure 7 As shown, the intersection processing steps are S23 and S33, and step S33 must be performed first, and then step S23, and then the whole process is switched, so the final process is S11, S12, S13, S14, S31, S32, S33, S34, S21, S22, S23, S24, S41, S42, S43, and S44.
[0079] Step 303: When the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are consistent, the same-tool processing step groups are sorted according to a preset rotation number sequence rule to obtain a processing step group sequence.
[0080] When the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are consistent, it means that Figure 5 If the order is not shown, then sort them according to the rotation number sequence rules.
[0081] Reference Figure 8 , further comprising a method for adjusting the processing step group sequence based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence when the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are inconsistent, and obtaining the processing step sequence, the method comprising: Step 400: Based on the necessary sequence, determine the intersection processing steps of the same processing tool number, the number of exclusive sequences of different necessary sequences, and the intersection processing steps of the same processing tool number, the number of same sequences of the same necessary sequence.
[0082] The number of exclusive sequences is the number of sequences with different necessary precedences for the intersection processing steps with the same processing tool number. The number of identical sequences is the number of sequences with the same necessary precedences for the intersection processing steps with the same processing tool number.
[0083] For example: S22, S32 and S23, S33 are the same intersection processing steps. If S22, S32 are the necessary sequence, and S23, S33 are also the necessary sequence, they are intersection processing steps with the same processing tool number, the same necessary sequence, then the number of the same sequence is increased by 1; and if S22, S32 are the necessary sequence, and S33, S23 are also the necessary sequence, then they are intersection processing steps with the same processing tool number, different necessary sequences, then the number of the exclusive sequences is increased by 1.
[0084] Step 401: When the number of mutually exclusive sequences is equal to 1, the sequence of the processing step groups is adjusted based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual sequence of the processing step groups.
[0085] When the number of mutually exclusive sequences is equal to 1, it means that there are no different necessary sequences, but only one necessary sequence, and the method according to steps 300-303 can be carried out smoothly.
[0086] Step 402: When the number of exclusive sequences is greater than 1, select the necessary sequence with the largest number of identical sequences, define the necessary sequence as the primary necessary sequence, and define the remaining necessary sequences as secondary necessary sequences.
[0087] When the number of mutually exclusive sequences is greater than 1, it means that there are multiple necessary sequences. If the necessary sequences are followed, the tools will be frequently switched, and the purpose of using the same tool as much as possible cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which one is used most frequently, so it is necessary to select the necessary sequence with the largest number of the same sequences. Fig. 9 As shown, if S22 and S32 are the necessary sequence, and S31 and S21; S33 and S23; S34 and S24 are also the necessary sequence, but the primary necessary sequence is the sequence corresponding to S31 and S21, and 22 and 32 are the secondary necessary sequence.
[0088] Step 403: Adjust the processing step group sequence based on the primary necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence.
[0089] The adjustment method at this time is consistent with the method of steps 300-303, except that there is a sequence of S32 and S22 in the middle that is exclusive of the secondary necessary sequence of S22 and S32.
[0090] Step 404: Determine abnormal processing steps based on the secondary necessary sequence.
[0091] Abnormal processing steps are processing steps that are different from the primary necessary sequence, here S32 and S22.
[0092] Step 405: extract the abnormal processing steps and insert them into the corresponding processing step sequence according to the secondary necessary sequence to form a fine-tuned processing step sequence to be output as the processing step sequence.
[0093] The abnormal processing steps are extracted to form Fig. 9 The sequence of the left side shown in FIG. 1 is then inserted back in the sequence of steps S22 and S32 to produce the following: Fig. 9 The order on the right side, the overall order at this time is S11, S12, S13, S14, S31, S22, S33, S34, S21, S32, S23, S24, S41, S42, S43, S44.
[0094] Reference Fig.10 , extracting abnormal processing steps and inserting them into the corresponding processing step sequence according to the secondary necessary sequence to form a fine-tuned processing step sequence as the processing step sequence for output, including: Step 500: Determine a group of processing steps in the same area based on the processing area corresponding to the abnormal processing step.
[0095] The same-region processing step group is a combination of steps that have an intersection with the processing region where the abnormal processing step is located. The determination method is to first store all the steps that have an intersection with the processing region in the same-region processing step group.
[0096] Here, if the abnormal processing steps are S22 and S32, then the processing step group in the same area is S22, S32, and S42.
[0097] Step 501: Determine an abnormal same-region processing step group in a same-region processing step group based on the abnormal processing steps and the secondary necessary sequence.
[0098] The abnormal processing steps are sorted in the order of secondary necessity, and then the steps between the abnormal processing steps including the abnormal processing steps are formed into an abnormal same-region processing step group.
[0099] Step 502: extract the abnormal same-region processing step group and place it after the processing step sequence, and sort it according to the secondary necessary sequence and the primary necessary sequence to form a minor processing step sequence to be output as the processing step sequence.
[0100] The order of minor key processing steps is that most of them are arranged in the order of primary necessity, while very few are arranged in the order of secondary necessity.
[0101] Reference Fig.11 , also includes a method for checking the complete processing method, the method comprising: Step 600: Determine the shaft drawing to be processed based on the processing drawing.
[0102] The drawing of the shaft to be processed is the drawing of the original unprocessed shaft. What is formed here is a cylinder, and the shaft to be processed is the cylinder with the maximum diameter measured.
[0103] Step 601: Generate a model of the axis to be processed on the simulation software based on the axis to be processed drawing.
[0104] The axis model to be processed is a model that is simulated according to the axis drawing to be processed. The simulation software here refers to software that can simulate the surface processing of the axis, usually referring to CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) software. This type of software can be used to create processing programs for CNC machine tools, and can simulate the processing process before actual processing to ensure that the processing path is correct, avoid collisions and optimize processing efficiency. The generation method is to first set the processing coordinate system according to the actual machine tool situation, which will determine the position of the tool relative to the workpiece; then enter the workpiece material information, which is crucial to selecting appropriate cutting parameters; finally, the corresponding axis to be processed is converted into three-dimensional, in a compatible format, such as STEP, formed in the CAM software.
[0105] Step 602: Generate a product shaft model on the simulation software based on the processing drawing.
[0106] The product shaft model is the drawing of the product after processing. You can directly import the corresponding processing drawing.
[0107] Step 603: Simulate and execute the complete machining method on the simulation software to generate a machining completion model.
[0108] The execution method is to automatically or manually generate a tool path based on the existing complete processing method, and then include a virtual simulation function in the software. For example, SOLIDWORKS CAM has a virtual preview function, and the final product is the completed processing model.
[0109] Step 604: Match the product axis model with the finished processing model to determine the processing abnormality area.
[0110] The processing abnormal area is the area where the non-overlapping positions are located.
[0111] The matching method is to put the two together in the software to see if they overlap. If they do not overlap, the area where the non-overlapping position is located is the processing abnormal area.
[0112] Step 605: Determine the abnormal region processing step group and the current abnormal region processing step sequence based on the abnormal processing region.
[0113] The abnormal area processing step group is a processing step group of the same area where the corresponding processing area and the abnormal processing area have intersections or overlaps. The current abnormal area processing step sequence is the processing step sequence within the area of the abnormal area processing step group. The determination method is a matching method, that is, matching the processing areas corresponding to the two. If the match is successful, it means that the processing areas corresponding to the two are the same, which is the abnormal area processing step group. The subsequent abnormal area processing step sequence is the sequence after the previous steps are sorted.
[0114] Step 606: arbitrarily switch the current abnormal region processing step sequence to obtain a trial abnormal region processing step sequence.
[0115] The order of the processing steps in the attempted abnormal area is the order of the processing steps in the same area after any switching.
[0116] Step 607: Update the complete processing method according to the sequence of the processing steps of the attempted abnormal area to obtain the attempted complete processing method and regenerate the processing completion model, and define the processing completion model as the attempted processing completion model.
[0117] The method of trying a complete processing method is a complete processing method in which the processing step sequence of the same region at the current abnormal region position is the processing step sequence of the tried abnormal region. The method of regenerating the processing completion model is the same as step 603, and will not be repeated here.
[0118] Step 608: When the attempted processing completion model and the product axis model are inconsistent, the processing step sequence of the current abnormal area is re-switched until the attempted processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent.
[0119] If the processing completed model and the product axis model are inconsistent, it means that the order is not correct at this time, and it is necessary to continue switching.
[0120] Step 609: When the attempted processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent, the attempted complete processing method at this time is updated to the complete processing method for output.
[0121] When the processing completion model is consistent with the product axis model, it means that the processing sequence is correct at this time. Therefore, the complete processing method to be tried at this time is the complete processing method, so it can replace the original complete processing method for output.
[0122] Reference Fig.12 , and also includes a method for updating the necessary sequence, the method comprising: Step 700: When the attempted processing completion model is consistent with the product axis model, continue to switch the current abnormal area processing step sequence and continue to obtain the attempted complete processing method.
[0123] The purpose of continuing to try here is to determine whether the attempted complete processing method that meets the requirements determined in steps 600-609 is unique.
[0124] Step 701: Count the number of matching sequences of the attempted complete processing method when the attempted processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent.
[0125] The number of matching sequences is the number of complete machining methods attempted when the machining completion model and the product axis model are consistent.
[0126] Step 702: When the number of matching sequences is equal to 1, the abnormal area processing step sequence at this time is stored as a necessary sequence.
[0127] When the number of conforming sequences is equal to 1, it indicates that the sequence of processing steps in this abnormal area is unique at this time, and the final product after switching will not meet the requirements, so this is a necessary sequence.
[0128] Step 703: When the number of matching sequences is greater than 1, the abnormal region processing step sequence at this time is defined as a matching processing step sequence.
[0129] When the number of matching sequences is greater than 1, it means that the sequence of processing steps in this abnormal area is not unique.
[0130] Step 704: Analyze based on the conforming processing step sequence to obtain the local processing step sequence existing in each conforming processing step sequence.
[0131] The local processing step sequence is the sequence of all local processing steps that exist in the processing step sequence. The analysis method here can be to select 2 processing steps at random, and then check whether they are the same. If they are not the same, reselect them. If they are the same, they are used as two processing steps in the local processing step sequence, and then continue to search. If the search is successful, add them to the local processing step sequence, and check whether the local processing step sequence is also the same. If they are not the same, remove them. If they are the same, keep them in the local processing step sequence until all processing steps have been selected in pairs.
[0132] Step 705: Store the sequence of local processing steps as a necessary sequence.
[0133] At this time, the sequence of local processing steps is already the largest and all the steps need to comply with the sequence, so it can be stored as the necessary sequence.
[0134] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shaft surface processing system.
[0135] Reference Fig.13 , a shaft surface processing system, comprising: An acquisition module is used to acquire processing drawings; A memory for storing a program of a control method for a shaft surface processing method; The program in the memory can be loaded and executed by the processor to realize a control method of a shaft surface processing method.
[0136] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
[0137] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program capable of being loaded and executed by a processor for a shaft surface machining method.
[0138] Computer storage media include, for example, various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks.
[0139] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent terminal, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed by a shaft surface processing method.
[0140] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings), unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features with similar purposes. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.
Claims
1. A shaft surface processing method, characterized in that: include: Obtain processing drawings; Determine the processing actions, corresponding processing dimensions and processing areas based on the processing drawings; Find the corresponding machining tool number from the preset tool database based on the machining action and machining size; Forming a processing step based on a processing tool number, a processing area, and a processing size; sequencing the processing steps to form a processing step sequence; Searching for a corresponding tool change step from a preset tool change database based on tool numbers in adjacent tool steps in the process step sequence; inserting the tool change step into the corresponding adjacent processing step to form an overall processing step sequence; Adding preset automatic loading steps and automatic unloading steps before and after the overall processing step sequence to form a complete processing method; A method for controlling a lathe to perform a complete processing, the lathe comprising a lathe body (1), a fixture (2) for clamping a shaft to be processed, a shaft changing assembly (3) and a processing assembly (4), the fixture (2) being mounted on the lathe body (1) to clamp the shaft to be processed and to rotate it, the shaft changing assembly (3) comprising a movable bracket (31), a first thumb cylinder (32) and a second thumb cylinder (33), the movable bracket (31) being slidably connected to the lathe body (1) in a three-dimensional direction, the first thumb cylinder (32) being fixedly connected to the movable bracket (31) to clamp the shaft to be processed and move it to the fixture (2), and the second thumb cylinder (33) The thumb cylinder (33) is fixedly connected to the movable bracket (31) to clamp the processed shaft and move it out of the fixture (2). The processing assembly (4) comprises a rotary cylinder (41), a rotating disk (42) and a processing knife (43). The rotary cylinder (41) is slidably connected to the lathe body (1) in the horizontal direction. The rotating disk (42) is fixedly connected to the clamping claw of the rotary cylinder (41) to rotate around its own axis. There are a plurality of processing knives (43). The processing knives (43) are all fixedly connected to the rotating disk (42) and the blades extend outside the rotating disk (42) and face different directions.
2. A shaft surface processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specific methods for sequencing the processing steps to form a processing step sequence include: Classifying the processing steps based on the processing tool numbers to obtain a same-tool processing step group; Based on the corresponding coordinates in the processing area, the processing steps in the same-cutting processing step group are sorted according to a preset coordinate sequence rule to obtain a same-cutting processing step sequence; Sorting the same-tool processing step groups according to a preset rotation number sequence rule to obtain a processing step group sequence; The processing step sequence is formed by combining the same-tool processing step sequence and the processing step group sequence.
3. A shaft surface processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method also includes whether to sort the same-tool processing step groups according to a preset rotation number sequence rule to obtain a processing step group sequence, the method comprising: Based on the processing area and the processing tool number, determine the processing steps that do not belong to the same-tool processing step group but have an intersection in the processing area, and define the matching processing steps as intersection processing steps; Based on the processing actions corresponding to the intersection processing steps, a corresponding necessary sequence is searched from a preset sequence database, where the necessary sequence is a necessary sequence of the intersection processing steps; When the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are inconsistent, the processing step group sequence is adjusted based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence; When the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are consistent, the same-tool processing step groups are sorted according to the preset rotation number sequence rules to obtain the processing step group sequence.
4. A shaft surface processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also includes a further method of adjusting the processing step group sequence based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence when the necessary sequence and the rotation number sequence are inconsistent, and obtaining the processing step sequence, the method comprising: Based on the necessary sequence, determine the intersection processing steps of the same processing tool number, the number of exclusive sequences of different necessary sequences, and the intersection processing steps of the same processing tool number, the number of identical sequences of the same necessary sequence; When the number of mutually exclusive sequences is equal to 1, the processing step group sequence is adjusted based on the necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence; When the number of mutually exclusive sequences is greater than 1, select the necessary sequence with the largest number of identical sequences, define the necessary sequence as the primary necessary sequence, and define the remaining necessary sequences as secondary necessary sequences; Adjusting the processing step group sequence based on the primary necessary sequence to obtain the actual processing step group sequence; Determine abnormal processing steps based on the secondary necessary sequence; The abnormal processing steps are extracted and inserted into the corresponding processing step sequence according to the secondary necessary sequence to form a fine-tuned processing step sequence to be output as the processing step sequence.
5. A shaft surface processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method of extracting abnormal processing steps and inserting them into the corresponding processing step sequence according to the secondary necessary sequence to form a fine-tuned processing step sequence as the processing step sequence for output includes: Determine a processing step group in the same area based on the processing area corresponding to the abnormal processing step; Determining an abnormal same-region processing step group in a same-region processing step group based on the abnormal processing step and the secondary necessary sequence; The abnormal same-region processing step group is extracted and placed after the processing step sequence, and is sorted according to the secondary necessary sequence and the primary necessary sequence to form a minor processing step sequence for output as the processing step sequence.
6. A shaft surface processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a method for checking a complete processing method, the method comprising: Determine the axis drawing to be processed based on the processing drawing; Generate a model of the axis to be processed on the simulation software based on the axis drawing to be processed; Generate product shaft model on simulation software based on processing drawings; Simulate the complete machining method on the simulation software to generate a machining completion model; Match the product axis model with the finished machining model to determine the machining abnormality area; Determine an abnormal region processing step group and a current abnormal region processing step sequence based on the abnormal processing region; Arbitrarily switch the current abnormal area processing step sequence to obtain the attempted abnormal area processing step sequence; Update the complete processing method according to the sequence of the processing steps of the attempted abnormal region to obtain the attempted complete processing method and regenerate the processing completion model, and define the processing completion model as the attempted processing completion model; When the processing completion model and the product axis model are inconsistent, the processing step sequence of the current abnormal area is re-switched until the processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent; When the attempted machining completion model and the product axis model are consistent, the attempted complete machining method at this time is updated to the complete machining method for output.
7. A shaft surface processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also included is a method for updating the necessary sequence, the method comprising: When the attempted processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent, the processing step sequence of the current abnormal area continues to be switched and the attempted complete processing method continues to be obtained; Count the number of matching sequences of the attempted complete processing method when the attempted processing completion model and the product axis model are consistent; When the number of matching sequences is equal to 1, the sequence of processing steps of the abnormal area at this time is stored as the necessary sequence; When the number of matching sequences is greater than 1, the abnormal region processing step sequence at this time is defined as a matching processing step sequence; Analyzing based on the conforming processing step sequence to obtain a local processing step sequence existing in each conforming processing step sequence; The sequence of the local processing steps is stored as a necessary sequence.
8. A shaft surface processing system, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to acquire processing drawings; A memory for storing a program of a control method for a shaft surface machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The program in the memory can be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the control method of the shaft surface processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Intelligent terminal, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program which can be loaded by the processor and executes a shaft surface machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that A computer program is stored which can be loaded by a processor and executes a shaft surface machining method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.