Ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological and natural disaster index evaluation classification method and system, and is applied to the technical field of data, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining ecological index data, and dividing the ecological index data into risk confrontation factors and general factors; calculating an ecological safety index according to the change weight of the set ecological index data; extracting disaster-inducing factors in the general factors, and calculating natural disaster risk indexes according to set change weights of the disaster-inducing factors; the risk confrontation factors are classified through disaster types, disaster chain weights are set, and the change rate of the risk confrontation factors is calculated; according to the disaster chain weight, the change rate of the risk confrontation factors and the set weight of the risk confrontation factors, a comprehensive disaster risk index is obtained through calculation, and comprehensive risk evaluation is carried out on ecological and natural disasters based on the comprehensive disaster risk index; the comprehensive assessment of ecological safety and disaster risks is realized, and the accuracy and timeliness of the early warning system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular to an ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method and system. Background Art

[0002] Ecosystem stability and natural disaster risk assessment are crucial aspects of environmental management and early warning systems. However, the complexity of assessing ecological security and natural disasters involves multiple factors, which makes early warning and assessment work face a series of challenges.

[0003] There is a close interaction between the ecological environment and natural disasters. Changes in the ecological environment often affect the occurrence and evolution of natural disasters. For example, a decrease in forest coverage may lead to soil erosion and increase the risk of floods. However, current assessment models fail to fully consider the impact of ecological environment changes on natural disasters.

[0004] In order to overcome these defects, this application proposes an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation classification method and system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation classification method and system to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification method, including:

[0008] Acquire ecological indicator data, and divide the ecological indicator data into risk resistance factors and general factors;

[0009] Calculating an ecological safety index according to a change weight of the ecological indicator data, and classifying the ecological indicator data based on the ecological safety index to obtain a safety level classification result;

[0010] Extracting disaster-causing factors from the general factors, calculating a natural disaster risk index according to the change weights of the disaster-causing factors, classifying natural disasters based on the natural disaster risk index, and obtaining a risk level classification result;

[0011] Classifying the risk resistance factors by disaster type, setting disaster chain weights, and calculating the change rate of the risk resistance factors;

[0012] According to the disaster chain weight, the change rate of the risk resistance factor and the weight of the risk resistance factor, a comprehensive disaster risk index is calculated, and a comprehensive risk assessment of ecological and natural disasters is performed based on the comprehensive disaster risk index.

[0013] In the second aspect, the present application provides an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification system, including:

[0014] Acquisition module: acquiring ecological indicator data, and dividing the ecological indicator data into risk resistance factors and general factors;

[0015] Safety classification module: calculating the ecological safety index according to the change weight of the ecological indicator data, classifying the ecological indicator data based on the ecological safety index, and obtaining the safety level classification result;

[0016] Risk classification and calculation module: extract the disaster-causing factors from the general factors, calculate the natural disaster risk index according to the change weights of the disaster-causing factors, classify the natural disasters based on the natural disaster risk index, and obtain the risk level classification results; classify the risk resistance factors by disaster type, set the disaster chain weights, and calculate the change rate of the risk resistance factors;

[0017] Comprehensive evaluation module: According to the disaster chain weight, the change rate of the risk resistance factor and the weight of the risk resistance factor, a comprehensive disaster risk index is calculated, and a comprehensive risk evaluation of ecological and natural disasters is performed based on the comprehensive disaster risk index.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present application provides a device comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the memory stores program instructions for implementing an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification method; and the processor is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory to implement an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification method.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a storage medium storing program instructions executable by a processor, wherein the program instructions are used to execute an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification method.

[0020] This application provides an ecological and natural disaster index evaluation classification method and system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) Through ecological indicator evaluation and classification, it is possible to comprehensively consider a variety of ecological factors, divide them into risk resistance factors and general factors, and calculate their change rates and corresponding weights, thereby achieving a comprehensive assessment of ecological security; it helps to timely discover potential risks in the ecological environment and provide a scientific basis for ecological protection;

[0022] (2) Evaluation and classification of natural disaster indicators can extract disaster-causing factors and calculate their risk index for natural disasters such as floods, forest fires, and landslides, thus achieving accurate assessment of disaster risks, improving the accuracy and timeliness of the early warning system, and reducing the losses caused by disasters;

[0023] (3) This application comprehensively considers the mutual impact between ecology and natural disasters, realizes the intelligent integration and classification of risk factors, and builds a more complete early warning and management system to improve the ability to respond to complex ecological environment and natural disaster challenges. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A flow chart of an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification method according to Example 1 of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A flowchart of an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification method according to Example 1 of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the classification of ecological indicator data in Example 1 of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the classification of disaster factors in Example 1 of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification system according to Example 2 of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of Example 3 of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the storage medium structure of Example 4 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0032] The following is an analysis of the solutions in the prior art in combination with related technologies.

[0033] Current assessment methods have the limitation of independent analysis of ecological security and natural disasters. These assessment methods are usually based on models in a single field, such as geology, meteorology or ecology, which lack comprehensiveness and integration, and fail to integrate indicators and data from multiple fields.

[0034] In addition, existing methods are still insufficient in terms of intelligence and information technology. Ecological security and natural disaster early warning systems have not yet achieved continuous and uninterrupted monitoring, automatic analysis and intelligent early warning. Early warning systems often operate independently and cannot effectively combine early warnings, which reduces the accuracy and timeliness of early warnings.

[0035] In addition, although the level of informatization of existing natural disaster warnings has been slightly improved, the impact of ecological and environmental factors on disasters has not been fully considered, resulting in insufficient accuracy of the warnings.

[0036] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a comprehensive and intelligent method for evaluating, classifying and integrating ecological and natural disaster indicators. It is necessary to comprehensively consider factors in multiple fields and intelligent technologies to achieve a comprehensive assessment of ecological and disaster indicators, improve the accuracy and intelligence of the early warning system, and better respond to complex ecological environment and natural disaster challenges.

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] See also Figure 1 , is a flow chart of an ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method according to Example 1 of the present application; the steps include:

[0040] S1: Obtain ecological indicator data, and divide the ecological indicator data into risk resistance factors and general factors.

[0041] In this embodiment, according to the ecological indicator data c that can be monitored i , c∈[1,n], the ecological indicator data is divided into risk resistance factors c j , j∈[1,m], general factor c k , k∈[m+1,n].

[0042] See also Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the classification of ecological indicator data in Example 1 of the present application. The ecological indicator data include: vegetation coverage c1, soil organic matter content c2, carbon storage and fixation c3, forest vegetation area c4, humidity c5, oxygen release c6, slope c7, temperature c8, evaporation c9, rainfall c 10 、Water level c 11 , Smoke Index c 12 Among them, c1, c2, c4, c5, c9 are risk resistance factors, c3, c6, c7, c8, c 10 、c 11 、c 12 is a general factor.

[0043] S2: Calculate an ecological safety index according to the change weight of the ecological indicator data, classify the ecological indicator data based on the ecological safety index, and obtain a safety level classification result.

[0044] In this embodiment, the real-time change rate r of the ecological index is calculated. time,i , daily month-on-month change rate r day,i , Monthly change rate r month,i , month-on-month change rate r year,i , the calculation formula is:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, I t is the ecological index value at the current moment; I t-1 is the ecological index value at the previous moment; I d is the ecological index value of the current day; I d-1 is the ecological index value of the previous day; I m is the ecological index value of the current month; I m-1 is the ecological index value of the previous month; I m-12 It is the ecological indicator value of the same month last year.

[0047] According to prior knowledge, the change weight of the ecological indicator data is set:

[0048] Real-time change weight: w time,1 =0,w time,2 =0,w time,3 =0,w iime,4 =0,w time,5 =0,w time,6 =0,w time,7 =-100,w time,8 =-100,w time,9 =0,w time,10 =-100,w time,11 =-100,w time,12 = -100;

[0049] Daily month-on-month change weight: w day,1 =0,w day,2 =0,w day,3 =0,w day,4 =0,w day,5 =-10,w day,6 =0,w day,7 =-100,w day,8 =-10,w day,9 =0,w day,10 =-100,w day,11 =-100,w day,12 = -10;

[0050] Month-on-month change weight: w montn,1 =10,w month,2 =10,w month,3 =10,w month,4 =10,w month,5 =0,w month,6 =10,w month,7 =-100,w month,8 =-1,w month,9 =0,w month,10 =-10,w month,11 =-10,w month,12 = -1;

[0051] Monthly year-on-year change weight w year,1 =1,w year,2 =1,w year,3 =1,w year,4 =1,w year,5 =0,w year,6 =1,w year,7 =-10,w year,8 =-1,w year,9 =0,w year,10 =-1,w year,11 =-1,w year,12 =-1.

[0052] The ecological security index is calculated by the change rate and change weight of the ecological indicator data. The calculation formula is:

[0053] Based on the ecological security index μ, μ is normalized to the interval [0, 1]; the formula is expressed as:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, μ min is the minimum value of the ecological security index, μ max is the maximum value of the ecological security index;

[0056] According to the first preset threshold, the normalized ecological security index μ norm Divide into different security levels and obtain security level classification results. The four security levels are represented as follows:

[0057] Highly dangerous: (0.0≤μ norm <0.25)

[0058] Moderate risk: (0.25≤μ norm <0.5)

[0059] Mild danger: (0.5≤μ norm <0.75)

[0060] Safety: (0.75≤μ norm ≤1.0).

[0061] The ecological security index is obtained by calculating the real-time, daily, monthly and year-on-year change rates of ecological indicators and setting corresponding weights. The index is normalized to the interval [0,1] and divided into four safety levels according to preset thresholds, so that environmental managers and decision makers can understand the current ecological environment status more intuitively, which not only improves the accuracy of the early warning system, but also enables the early warning information to be conveyed to relevant personnel more promptly, thereby improving the timeliness of responding to ecological and environmental changes.

[0062] S3: extracting disaster-causing factors from the general factors, calculating a natural disaster risk index according to the change weights of the disaster-causing factors, classifying natural disasters based on the natural disaster risk index, and obtaining a risk level classification result.

[0063] In this embodiment, according to the general factor c in the ecological indicator data k , extract the disaster factor f l .

[0064] See also Figure 4 , is a schematic diagram of the classification of disaster factors in Example 1 of the present application. l Divided into:

[0065] Flood Hazard Factors : Precipitation f flood,1 , water level flood,2 ;

[0066] Forest fire hazards : Temperature f fire,1 , smoke index f fire,2 ;

[0067] Landslide hazard factors : Slope f landslide,1 , precipitation landslide,2 .

[0068] Calculate the real-time change rate r of the disaster factor time,factor,l , daily month-on-month change rate r day,factor,l , Monthly change rate r month,factor,l , month-on-month change rate r year,factor,l .

[0069] According to prior knowledge, the change weight of the disaster factor is set:

[0070] Real-time change weight wtime,flood,1 =100, w time,flood,2 =100, w time,fire,1 =100, w time,fire,2 =100, w time,landslide,1 =100, w time,landslide,2 =100;

[0071] Daily month-on-month change weight: w day,flood,1 =100, w day,flood,2 =100, w day,fire,1 =100, w day,fire,2 =10, w day,landslide,1 =100, w day,landslide,2 =100;

[0072] Month-on-month change weight: w month,flood,1 =10, w month,flood,2 =10, w month,fire,1 =10, w month,fire,2 =0, w month,landslide,1 =10, w month,landslide,2 =10;

[0073] Month-on-month change weight: w year,flood,1 =10, w year,flood,2 =10, w year,fire,1 =10, w year,fire,2 =0, w year,landslide,1 =10, w year,landslide,2 =10.

[0074] The flood disaster risk index is calculated by the change rate and change weight of the disaster-causing factors. The calculation formula is: Where a is the flood disaster factor tree; the forest fire disaster risk index R2 and landslide disaster risk index R3 are calculated in the same way.

[0075] Based on the natural disaster risk index R, R is normalized to the interval [0, 1]; the formula is expressed as:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, μ min is the minimum value of the natural disaster risk index, μ max It is the maximum value of the natural disaster risk index.

[0078] According to the second preset threshold, the normalized natural disaster risk index R norm Divide into different risk levels and obtain risk level classification results. The four risk levels are represented as follows:

[0079] Safety: (0.0≤R norm <0.25)

[0080] Low risk: (0.25≤R norm <0.5)

[0081] Medium risk: (0.5≤R norm <0.75)

[0082] High risk: (0.75≤R norm ≤1.0).

[0083] In the early warning and management of natural disasters, the natural disaster risk index will be obtained to quantitatively assess the possibility and potential degree of harm of natural disasters in a certain area or within a specific period of time, providing a scientific basis for decision makers to formulate effective disaster reduction policies, emergency management measures and resource allocation plans, thereby minimizing disaster losses.

[0084] S4: Classify the risk resistance factors by disaster type, set disaster chain weights, and calculate the change rate of the risk resistance factors.

[0085] In this embodiment, the risk resistance factors in the ecological indicator data are classified by the type of disaster being monitored, specifically:

[0086] Flood disaster risk resistance factor: evaporation f Dflood,1 , vegetation coverage rate f Dflood,2 ; Forest fire risk resistance factor: humidity f Dfirr,1 , forest vegetation area Dfire,2 ; Landslide disaster risk resistance factor: vegetation coverage rate f Dlandslide,1 , soil organic matter content Dlandslide,2 .

[0087] According to prior knowledge, set the disaster chain weight w factor,R , including: the weight of other disasters in flood disaster Weight of other hazards in forest fire Weights of other hazards in landslide hazards

[0088] Calculate the real-time change rate r of the risk resistance factor time,Dfactor,l , daily month-on-month change rate r day,Dfactor,l , Monthly change rate r month,Dfactor,l , month-on-month change rate r year,Dfactor,l .

[0089] S5: According to the disaster chain weight, the change rate of the risk resistance factor and the weight of the risk resistance factor, a comprehensive disaster risk index is calculated, and a comprehensive risk assessment of ecological and natural disasters is performed based on the comprehensive disaster risk index.

[0090] In this embodiment, the weights w of the risk resistance factors of different disasters are set according to prior knowledge. factor,j :

[0091] w time,Dflood,1 =-100, w time,Dflood,2 =0, w day,Dflood,1 =-100, w day,Dflood,2 =0,

[0092] w month,Dflood,1 =-10, w month,Dflood,2 =-10, w year,Dflood,1 =-10, w year,Dflood,2 =-100, w time,Dfire,1 =-100, w time,Dfire,2 =0, w day,Dfire,1 =-100, w day,Dfire,2 =0, w month,Dfire,1 =-10, w month,Dfire,2 =0, w year,Dfire,1 =-10, w year,Dfire,2 =0, w time,Dlandslide,1 =0, w time,Dlandslide,2 =0, w day,Dlandslide,1 =0, w day,Dlandslide,2 =0, w month,dlandslide,1 =0, w month,Dlandslide,2 =0, w year,Dlandslide,1 =0, w year,Dlandslide,2 =0;

[0093] The formula for calculating the comprehensive flood disaster risk index is:

[0094]

[0095] Among them, R1 is the flood disaster risk index; R2 is the forest fire disaster risk index; R3 is the landslide disaster risk index; the forest fire comprehensive disaster risk R is calculated in the same way. ′ 2. Comprehensive landslide disaster risk R ′ 3.

[0096] Based on the comprehensive disaster risk index R ′ , R ′ Normalize to the interval [0, 1]; the formula is:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, R′ min is the minimum value of the comprehensive disaster risk index, R ′ max It is the maximum value of the comprehensive disaster risk index.

[0099] According to the third preset threshold, the normalized comprehensive disaster risk index R ′ norm Divide into different comprehensive risk levels to complete comprehensive risk assessment of ecology and natural disasters.

[0100] Among them, the four comprehensive risk levels are expressed as:

[0101] Safety: (0.0≤R ′ norm <0.25)

[0102] Low overall risk: (0.25≤R ′ norm <0.5)

[0103] Medium comprehensive risk: (0.5≤R ′ norm <0.75)

[0104] High comprehensive risk: (0.75≤R ′ norm ≤1.0).

[0105] In summary, Example 1 of the present application evaluates ecological security by monitoring and calculating the real-time and month-on-month change rates of ecological indicator data and setting corresponding weights; evaluates the risks of disasters such as floods, forest fires and landslides by extracting disaster-causing factors and calculating their change rates and weights; and calculates comprehensive disaster risks by setting risk resistance factor weights and disaster chain weights. This method comprehensively considers multi-field factors of ecology and natural disasters, significantly improves the comprehensiveness and intelligence level of environmental management and early warning systems, and provides decision makers with a more reliable basis for disaster risk assessment and early warning.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] See also Figure 5 , is a structural diagram of an ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification system in Example 2 of the present application; the specific contents include:

[0108] Acquisition module: acquiring ecological indicator data, and dividing the ecological indicator data into risk resistance factors and general factors;

[0109] Safety classification module: calculating the ecological safety index according to the change weight of the ecological indicator data, classifying the ecological indicator data based on the ecological safety index, and obtaining the safety level classification result;

[0110] Risk classification and calculation module: extract the disaster-causing factors from the general factors, calculate the natural disaster risk index according to the change weights of the disaster-causing factors, classify the natural disasters based on the natural disaster risk index, and obtain the risk level classification results; classify the risk resistance factors by disaster type, set the disaster chain weights, and calculate the change rate of the risk resistance factors;

[0111] Comprehensive evaluation module: According to the disaster chain weight, the change rate of the risk resistance factor and the weight of the risk resistance factor, a comprehensive disaster risk index is calculated, and a comprehensive risk evaluation of ecological and natural disasters is performed based on the comprehensive disaster risk index.

[0112] Example 3

[0113] See also Figure 6 , is a schematic diagram of the device structure of Embodiment 3 of the present application. The device 50 includes a processor 51 and a memory 52 coupled to the processor 51 .

[0114] The memory 52 stores program instructions for implementing the above-mentioned ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method.

[0115] The processor 51 is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory 52 to implement an ecological and natural disaster index evaluation classification.

[0116] The processor 51 may also be referred to as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).

[0117] The processor 51 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor 51 may also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] See also Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the storage medium of Example 4 of the present application. The storage medium of the embodiment of the present application stores a program file 61 that can implement all the above methods, wherein the program file 61 can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or a computer, a server, a mobile phone, a tablet, and other devices.

[0120] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, device, article or method. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, device, article or method including the element.

[0121] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

[0122] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0123] Of course, the present invention may have many other implementations. Based on this implementation, other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without any creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A classification method for evaluating ecological and natural disaster indicators, characterized in that: include: Acquire ecological indicator data, and divide the ecological indicator data into risk resistance factors and general factors; Calculating an ecological safety index according to a change weight of the ecological indicator data, and classifying the ecological indicator data based on the ecological safety index to obtain a safety level classification result; Extracting disaster-causing factors from the general factors, calculating a natural disaster risk index according to the change weights of the disaster-causing factors, classifying natural disasters based on the natural disaster risk index, and obtaining a risk level classification result; Classifying the risk resistance factors by disaster type, setting disaster chain weights, and calculating the change rate of the risk resistance factors; According to the disaster chain weight, the change rate of the risk resistance factor and the weight of the risk resistance factor, a comprehensive disaster risk index is calculated, and a comprehensive risk assessment of ecological and natural disasters is performed based on the comprehensive disaster risk index.

2. The ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of calculating the ecological security index according to the change weight of the ecological indicator data, classifying the ecological indicator data based on the ecological security index, and obtaining the safety level classification result specifically includes the following steps: Calculate the real-time change rate r of ecological indicators time,i , daily month-on-month change rate r day,i , Monthly change rate r month,i , month-on-month change rate r year,i , the calculation formula is: Among them, I t is the ecological index value at the current moment; I t-1 is the ecological index value at the previous moment; I d is the ecological index value of the current day; I d-1 is the ecological index value of the previous day; I m is the ecological index value of the current month; I m-1 is the ecological index value of the previous month; I m-12 is the ecological indicator value of the same month last year; According to prior knowledge, the change weight of the ecological indicator data is set: real-time change weight w time,i , daily month-on-month change weight w day,i , Month-on-month change weight w month,i , month-on-month change weight w year,i ; The ecological security index is calculated by the change rate and change weight of the ecological indicator data. The calculation formula is:

3. The ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Based on the ecological security index μ, μ is normalized to the interval [0, 1]; the formula is expressed as: Among them, μ min is the minimum value of the ecological security index, μ max is the maximum value of the ecological security index; According to the first preset threshold, the normalized ecological security index μ norm Divide into different security levels and obtain security level classification results.

4. The ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps of extracting the disaster-causing factors from the general factors, calculating the natural disaster risk index according to the change weights of the disaster-causing factors, classifying the natural disasters based on the natural disaster risk index, and obtaining the risk level classification results specifically include the following steps: According to the general factor c in the ecological indicator data k , extract the disaster factor f l ; The disaster factor f l Flood Hazard Factors Forest fire hazards Landslide hazard factors Calculate the real-time change rate r of the disaster factor time,factor,l , daily month-on-month change rate r day,factor,l , Monthly change rate r month,factor,l , month-on-month change rate r year,factor,l ; According to prior knowledge, the change weight of the disaster factor is set: real-time change weight w time,factor,l , daily month-on-month change weight w day,factor,l , Month-on-month change weight w month,factor,l , month-on-month change weight w year,factor,l ; The flood disaster risk index is calculated by the change rate and change weight of the disaster-causing factors. The calculation formula is: Where a is the flood disaster factor tree; the forest fire disaster risk index R2 and landslide disaster risk index R3 are calculated in the same way.

5. The ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Based on the natural disaster risk index R, R is normalized to the interval [0, 1]; the formula is expressed as: Among them, μ min is the minimum value of the natural disaster risk index, μ max is the maximum value of the natural disaster risk index; According to the second preset threshold, the normalized natural disaster risk index R norm Divide into different risk levels and obtain risk level classification results.

6. The ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps of classifying the risk resistance factors by disaster type, setting disaster chain weights, and calculating the change rate of the risk resistance factors specifically include the following steps: The risk resistance factors are classified by disaster type, specifically: Flood disaster risk resistance factor: evaporation f dflood,1 , vegetation coverage rate f Dflood,2 ; Forest fire risk resistance factor: humidity f Dfire,1 , forest vegetation area Dfire,2 ; Landslide disaster risk resistance factor: vegetation coverage rate f Dlandslide,1 , soil organic matter content Dlandslide,2 ; According to prior knowledge, set the disaster chain weight w factor,R , including: the weight of other disasters in flood disaster Weight of other hazards in forest fire Weights of other hazards in landslide hazard Calculate the real-time change rate r of the risk resistance factor time,Dfactor,l , daily month-on-month change rate r day,Dfactor,l , Monthly change rate r month,Dfactor,l , month-on-month change rate r year,Dfactor,l .

7. The ecological and natural disaster index evaluation and classification method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The step of calculating a comprehensive disaster risk index according to the disaster chain weight, the change rate of the risk resistance factor and the weight of the risk resistance factor, and conducting a comprehensive risk assessment of ecological and natural disasters based on the comprehensive disaster risk index specifically includes the following steps: According to prior knowledge, the weights w of risk resistance factors of different disasters are set. factor,j ; The formula for calculating the comprehensive flood disaster risk index is: Among them, R1 is the flood disaster risk index; R2 is the forest fire disaster risk index; R3 is the landslide disaster risk index; time,Dflood,j 、w day,Dflood,j 、w month,Dflood,j 、w year,Dflood,j is the weight of the risk resistance factor; similarly, the forest fire comprehensive disaster risk R′2 and landslide comprehensive disaster risk R′3 are calculated; Based on the comprehensive disaster risk index R′, R′ is normalized to the interval [0, 1]; the formula is expressed as: Among them, R′ min is the minimum value of the comprehensive disaster risk index, R′ max is the maximum value of the comprehensive disaster risk index; According to the third preset threshold, the normalized comprehensive disaster risk index R′ norm Divide into different comprehensive risk levels to complete comprehensive risk assessment of ecology and natural disasters.

8. A system for evaluating and classifying ecological and natural disaster indicators according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Acquisition module: acquiring ecological indicator data, and dividing the ecological indicator data into risk resistance factors and general factors; Safety classification module: calculating the ecological safety index according to the change weight of the ecological indicator data, classifying the ecological indicator data based on the ecological safety index, and obtaining the safety level classification result; Risk classification and calculation module: extract the disaster-causing factors from the general factors, calculate the natural disaster risk index according to the change weights of the disaster-causing factors, classify the natural disasters based on the natural disaster risk index, and obtain the risk level classification results; classify the risk resistance factors by disaster type, set the disaster chain weights, and calculate the change rate of the risk resistance factors; Comprehensive evaluation module: According to the disaster chain weight, the change rate of the risk resistance factor and the weight of the risk resistance factor, a comprehensive disaster risk index is calculated, and a comprehensive risk evaluation of ecological and natural disasters is performed based on the comprehensive disaster risk index.

9. A device, characterized in that: The device includes a processor and a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the memory stores program instructions for implementing an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification method as described in any one of claims 1-7; and the processor is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory to implement an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The method stores program instructions executable by a processor, wherein the program instructions are used to execute an ecological and natural disaster indicator evaluation and classification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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