Cable line external force damage prevention device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring and use method of cable line external force damage prevention device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cable line protection, and particularly relates to a cable line external force damage prevention device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring and a use method thereof. Vibration impact on the exterior of a cable is detected and positioned by using the interference principle of light, vibration assessment early warning can be provided for the cable, and the cable line is protected. The damage detection optical fiber is integrally clamped and installed through the light guide ring sleeve with the light guide characteristic, when the second isolation layer outside the damage detection optical fiber is damaged and the damage detection optical fiber is exposed, an optical signal transmitted through the light guide ring sleeve enters the damage detection optical fiber through the exposed position and is detected through the optical signal receiver, and the damage detection optical fiber is detected through the optical signal receiver. Active identification and early warning of cable damage information can be realized, a detection optical signal enters the damage detection optical fiber through a damage point, the distance information from the damage position to the monitoring ring seat can be accurately calculated by detecting the time when the signal reaches the optical signal receivers on the two sides, and the damage position of the cable can be rapidly and accurately found in cooperation with a GPS positioning mark.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable line protection, and in particular to a cable line external force damage prevention device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of urban construction, urban power systems have also gradually developed and improved. Transmission lines are indispensable in the process of power transmission, and transmission cables are the bridges for power transmission in the process of transmission lines. In order to save ground space and improve the safety of power transmission, modern cities require that there are no power cable lines in the ground space, and underground power cables have become the only option.

[0003] Power cables face threats from various external forces, such as excavation, mechanical collisions, and malicious human damage during construction. These external forces will not only affect the normal supply of electricity, but may also cause serious safety accidents, seriously endangering the safety of the power grid and people's property. Since the cables are underground, the difficulty of cable protection and monitoring is greatly increased. Due to the lack of effective monitoring and early warning means, when the cables are damaged by external forces, it is difficult for monitoring personnel to effectively and timely detect the damaged areas. In addition, since the cables have a large area length and are underground, it is very difficult to identify the damaged areas. Especially for hidden faults without ground damage, the investigation work will consume huge manpower and material resources. Therefore, a cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring and a method for using the same are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring and a use method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring, comprising a protection monitoring mechanism and a communication mechanism, wherein the protection monitoring mechanism is used for external monitoring and protection of the cable, and the protection monitoring mechanism comprises a cable sheath, a monitoring ring seat and a fastening ring, wherein the cable sheath is fastened to the outside of the cable through the fastening ring, and the monitoring ring seat is installed in the middle of the cable sheath; The cable sheath is provided with a damage detection optical fiber, a light guide ring sleeve, a wear-resistant protective layer, a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer and a vibration detection optical fiber inside. The light guide ring sleeve is installed inside the wear-resistant protective layer through the first insulating layer, and the damage detection optical fiber and the vibration detection optical fiber are installed inside the light guide ring sleeve through the second insulating layer. The monitoring ring seat is provided with an optical signal generator, an optical signal receiver and an optical signal transceiver. The communication mechanism is used for remote transmission of alarm information, and comprises a communication box seat, a photovoltaic panel body, a wireless communication module and an audible and visual alarm structure, and an analysis and control module is arranged inside the communication box seat.

[0006] Preferably, a mounting hole is provided in the middle of the cable sheath, a mounting opening is provided in the lower part of the mounting hole, and the cable sheath is sleeved on the upper part of the cable through the mounting hole.

[0007] Preferably, the above-mentioned fastening rings are provided in plurality, and the upper portion of the cable sheath is evenly provided with ring installation grooves, and the fastening rings are tightly fitted and installed on the inner side of the ring installation grooves.

[0008] Preferably, the above-mentioned damage detection optical fiber is provided in plurality, several of the damage detection optical fibers are evenly distributed and installed in a circular shape, the vibration detection optical fiber is installed inside the light guide ring sleeve, the second insulating layer is covered and installed on the outside of the damage detection optical fiber and the vibration detection optical fiber, and the damage detection optical fiber and the vibration detection optical fiber are separated and fixedly clamped by the second insulating layer and installed inside the light guide ring sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the first insulating layer is integrally coated on the outside of the light guide ring sleeve, and the wear-resistant protective layer is integrally fixedly coated on the outside of the light guide ring sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a GPS positioning module is provided inside the monitoring ring seat, the monitoring ring seat is fixedly connected to the middle part of the cable sheath, a plurality of optical signal generators and optical signal receivers are provided, the optical signal generators and optical signal receivers are evenly installed in a circular shape on the side of the monitoring ring seat, the optical signal generators and optical signal receivers are installed alternately and spaced apart, and the optical signal transceiver is installed on the upper side of the monitoring ring seat.

[0011] Preferably, the distribution positions of the optical signal receiver and the damage detection optical fiber correspond, the end of the damage detection optical fiber is fixedly connected and installed on the signal receiving end of the optical signal receiver, the position of the optical signal transceiver corresponds to the vibration detection optical fiber, the end of the vibration detection optical fiber is connected and installed with the interface end of the optical signal transceiver, a communication interface is provided on the side of the monitoring ring seat, a communication connector is inserted in the internal part of the communication interface, a fastening rotary sleeve is provided on the external part of the communication connector, and the communication connector is fastened and installed on the inner side of the communication interface by the fastening rotary sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting pillar is installed at the lower part of the communication box seat, and the communication box seat is fixedly installed on the upper part of the ground through the mounting pillar. The analysis module is installed inside the communication box seat, and a communication connection is provided at the rear part of the communication connector, and the end of the communication connector is electrically connected to the analysis control module.

[0013] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel is installed on the upper part of the communication box seat through a bracket, a lithium battery is arranged inside the communication box seat, the wireless communication module is installed on the upper side of the communication box seat, and the sound and light alarm structure is installed on the front side of the communication box seat, and the sound and light alarm structure includes a speaker and a warning light.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for using a cable line external force damage prevention device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring, comprising the following steps: S1. Cable construction and installation. When carrying out cable construction and installation, first open the cable buried trough, then put the cable sheath together with the monitoring ring seat from the cable end onto the upper part of the cable, adjust the position of the cable sheath according to the distribution of the detection area, and after completion, install the fastening ring, and use the fastening clamping effect of the fastening ring to complete the installation and fastening of the cable sheath, and then install the cable into the cable buried trough. During installation, keep the opening side of the cable sheath downward, and then carry out the fastening installation of the communication connector and the buried installation of the communication wiring, and then fill the cable buried trough to complete the cable installation operation; S2. Installation and debugging of the communication mechanism. After the cable installation is completed, a suitable installation area is selected on the upper part of the ground in the cable burial area. Then, the installation support is fixed by tightening the ground holes with bolts. Then, the communication box seat is installed on the upper part of the installation support. The communication wiring and power supply line are connected and installed to complete the installation of the communication mechanism. Then, the power is turned on to debug the function and monitoring feedback information of the communication mechanism. S3, working monitoring, during normal monitoring operation, under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal transceiver in the monitoring ring seat emits a continuous laser beam, and the laser beam is synchronously transmitted along the two optical fibers in the vibration detection optical fiber. If the optical fiber is not disturbed by the outside world, such as movement, sound waves and touch, or the two optical fibers are synchronously disturbed by the same interference, the reflected light will not change. At this time, it is judged that the cable is in normal working condition. At the same time, under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal generator in the monitoring ring seat periodically emits a detection optical signal. The detection optical signal is transmitted along the light guide ring sleeve, and is shielded and isolated by the second insulation layer and cannot be transmitted into the damaged detection optical fiber. The optical signal receiver cannot receive the optical signal, and the analysis and control module cannot receive the signal feedback. At this time, it is judged that the cable is in normal working condition; When the cable is touched by external force, the waveform of the light reflected back by the vibration detection optical fiber will change and generate an interference image. The light detector can detect the change of this waveform. After analysis and judgment by the analysis and control module, an alarm is sent to the detection center through the wireless communication module, and the sound and light alarm information is sent through the sound and light alarm structure. When the cable is damaged by external force, the external force first contacts the cable sheath. When the external force causes the sheath to be damaged and the second insulating layer outside the damage detection optical fiber is damaged, the damage detection optical fiber leaks out, and the light signal transmitted by the light guide ring sleeve enters the damage detection optical fiber through the leakage, and is received and detected by the optical signal receiver and the information is fed back to the analysis and control module. After analysis and judgment by the analysis and control module, an alarm is sent to the detection center through the wireless communication module, and the sound and light alarm information is sent through the sound and light alarm structure. S4, positioning calculation, after completing the alarm information determination, when it is determined to be abnormal vibration: the returned optical signal information received by the optical signal transceiver is processed and calculated by software to detect the interference intensity and position. The vibration source position calculation formula is: L=1 / 2vt=ct / 2n v=c / n Where: L is the distance from the vibration point to the optical signal transceiver; t is the delay time; c is the speed of light in a vacuum; n is the refractive index of the optical fiber core; When it is determined that the cable is damaged: under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal generators in the monitoring ring seats on both sides respectively send positioning detection optical signals alternately at intervals. The positioning detection optical signals are transmitted in the light guide ring sleeve and enter the damage detection optical fiber at the damaged part. The monitoring ring seats on both sides of the cable sheath segment respectively receive and detect the two signals. By detecting the time when the signal reaches the optical signal receivers on both sides, the distances D1 and D2 between the damaged part and the two monitoring ring seats are calculated; The calculation formula of D1 is: D1=V*T1 / 2 Where: D1 is the line length distance from the break point to the first monitoring ring seat; V is the transmission speed of the optical signal in the light-guiding medium; T1 is the time it takes for the optical signal to be transmitted to the first monitoring ring seat; The calculation formula for D2 is: D2=V*T2 / 2 Where: D2 is the line length distance from the break point to the second monitoring ring seat; V is the transmission speed of the optical signal in the light-guiding medium; T2 is the time it takes for the optical signal to be transmitted to the second monitoring ring seat; S5. Positioning and maintenance. When locating the broken point, first determine and mark the positions of the monitoring ring seats on both sides of the damaged section based on the positioning information provided by the GPS positioning module in the monitoring ring seat. Then determine the broken point based on the calculated distances D1 and D2 and the construction layout trend diagram of the cable. Mark the broken point and use equipment to excavate the ground above the broken point to find the broken point and repair or replace the damaged cable and cable sheath to complete the maintenance work.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects: The cable protection device adopts an open ring sleeve structure. The cable sheath is made of flexible material and is not restricted by terrain environments such as height, twists, turns, and bends. It has good adaptability and can meet the installation and adaptation requirements of cables of different sizes within a certain diameter range through opening expansion. The cable sheath is installed on the upper part of the cable through a set, and the cable sheath is fastened and limited by a fastening ring. It is not only easy to install, but also the cable sheath can improve the external force protection ability of the cable, and can effectively shield and protect the cable when external force impacts.

[0016] The device adopts a dual active detection and early warning method. A vibration detection optical fiber is arranged inside the cable sheath. The principle of light interference is used to detect and locate the vibration impact on the outside of the cable, which can provide vibration assessment and early warning for the cable. The damage detection optical fiber is installed as an integrated package through a light-guiding ring sleeve with light-guiding characteristics. The light signal generator periodically emits a detection light signal inside the light-guiding ring sleeve. The damage detection optical fiber is covered by a second insulating layer and installed to block light from the light-guiding ring sleeve. The damage detection optical fiber is periodically detected by an optical signal receiver. When the cable is damaged by external force, the second insulating layer outside the damage detection optical fiber is damaged, causing the damage detection optical fiber to leak out. The light signal transmitted by the light-guiding ring sleeve enters the damage detection optical fiber through the leakage point. Through the detection of the optical signal receiver, active identification and early warning of cable damage information can be realized, and alarm information can be issued as soon as the cable is damaged. Timely and effective monitoring, feedback and early warning of the cable can be achieved through dual detection protection.

[0017] After detecting the damage information, the detection optical signal enters the damage detection optical fiber through the damage point. By detecting the time it takes for the signal to reach the optical signal receivers on both sides, the distance information from the damaged part to the monitoring ring seat can be accurately calculated. In conjunction with the GPS positioning mark, the damaged position of the cable can be quickly and accurately found. The damaged position can be accurately determined without excessive excavation on the ground, which greatly reduces the difficulty of cable inspection and maintenance and saves a lot of manpower and material resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cable sheath of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle A area; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cable sheath end structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle B area; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the monitoring ring seat of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the communication mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the damage monitoring workflow of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the breaking point positioning principle of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the vibration monitoring workflow of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Cable sheath; 2. Monitoring ring seat; 3. Fastening ring; 4. Mounting hole; 5. Damage detection optical fiber; 6. Light guide ring sleeve; 7. Wear-resistant protective layer; 8. First insulating layer; 9. Second insulating layer; 10. Optical signal generator; 11. Optical signal receiver; 12. Communication interface; 13. Communication connector; 14. Fastening rotary sleeve; 15. Communication box seat; 16. Photovoltaic panel; 17. Wireless communication module; 18. Sound and light alarm structure; 19. Optical signal transceiver; 20. Vibration detection optical fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0023] Example See also Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring, including a protection monitoring mechanism and a communication mechanism, the protection monitoring mechanism is used for external monitoring and protection of the cable, the protection monitoring mechanism includes a cable sheath 1, a monitoring ring seat 2 and a fastening ring 3, in order to facilitate the cable socket installation, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, a mounting hole 4 is provided in the middle of the cable sheath 1, and the cable sheath 1 is sleeved on the upper part of the cable through the mounting hole 4. The cable sheath 1 is made of flexible material and is not restricted by terrain environments such as height, twists, turns, and bends, and has good adaptability. In order to facilitate the installation of the sleeve, a mounting opening is provided at the lower part of the mounting hole 4, and the installation adaptation requirements of cables of different sizes can be met within a certain diameter range through the expansion of the opening. The fastening ring 3 is used for the installation and fastening of the cable sheath 1. The fastening ring 3 can be a stainless steel ring, and a plurality of fastening rings 3 are provided. Ring mounting grooves are evenly provided on the upper part of the cable sheath 1, and the fastening ring 3 is tightly fitted and installed on the inner side of the ring mounting groove. The cable sheath 1 is fastened and sleeved on the outside of the cable through the fastening ring 3, which is not only convenient to install, but also can improve the external force protection capability of the cable outside through the cable sheath 1, and can effectively shield and protect the cable when external force impacts.

[0024] The cable sheath 1 is a composite sandwich structure. The cable sheath 1 is provided with a damage detection optical fiber 5, a light guide ring sleeve 6, a wear-resistant protective layer 7, a first insulating layer 8, a second insulating layer 9 and a vibration detection optical fiber 20. The damage detection optical fiber 5 is a wire made of a light guide material. The damage detection optical fiber 5 can be a full-body light guide optical fiber. A plurality of damage detection optical fibers 5 are provided. The damage detection optical fibers 5 are arranged according to the size distribution of the cable sheath 1, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , eleven damage detection optical fibers 5 are evenly distributed in a circle and evenly distributed inside the light guide ring sleeve 6. The vibration detection optical fiber 20 is installed inside the light guide ring sleeve 6. Figure 3 As shown, the vibration detection optical fiber 20 contains two independent optical fibers. The light guide ring sleeve 6 can be made of TPU material, which has good flexibility and light guiding properties. The second insulating layer 9 can be a light-shielding sheath made of opaque material. The inner and outer sides of the second insulating layer 9 are both provided with a reflective coating. Figure 3As shown, the second insulating layer 9 is covered and installed on the outside of the damage detection optical fiber 5 and the vibration detection optical fiber 20, and the damage detection optical fiber 5 and the vibration detection optical fiber 20 are separated, fixedly clamped and installed on the inside of the light-guiding ring sleeve 6 by the second insulating layer 9. The first insulating layer 8 can be a light-shielding sheath made of opaque material, and the inner layer of the first insulating layer 8 is provided with a composite reflective coating. The first insulating layer 8 is integrally covered on the outside of the light-guiding ring sleeve 6, and the wear-resistant protective layer 7 is integrally fixedly covered and installed on the outside of the light-guiding ring sleeve 6. The light-guiding ring sleeve 6 is isolated and installed on the inside of the wear-resistant protective layer 7 through the first insulating layer 8. The wear-resistant protective layer 7 can be made of composite rubber material and has good wear-resistant protection properties.

[0025] The monitoring ring seat 2 is used for receiving and sending optical signals. The monitoring ring seat 2 is installed in the middle of the cable sheath 1. Considering the difficulty of cable installation and construction and the attenuation of the optical signal, the distance between two adjacent monitoring ring seats 2 does not exceed eight kilometers. As shown in Figure 1, the monitoring ring seat 2 is fixedly connected to the middle of the cable sheath 1. In order to realize the receiving and sending operations of the optical signal, an optical signal generator 10, an optical signal receiver 11 and an optical signal transceiver 19 are arranged inside the monitoring ring seat 2. There are multiple optical signal generators 10 and optical signal receivers 11. The optical signal generators 10 and optical signal receivers 11 are evenly installed on the sides of the monitoring ring seat 2 in a circular shape. The optical signal generators 10 and optical signal receivers 11 are installed alternately and spaced. The optical signal receivers 11 correspond to the distribution positions of the damage detection optical fibers 5. The ends of the damage detection optical fibers 5 are fixedly connected to the signal receiving end of the optical signal receivers 11. The damage detection optical fibers 5 are connected to the optical signal receiving end of the optical signal receivers 11 through the light-guiding ring sleeve 6 with light-guiding characteristics. An integrated clamping installation is performed, and a detection optical signal is periodically emitted through an optical signal generator 10 in the light guide ring sleeve 6. The damage detection optical fiber 5 is covered by a second insulating layer 9 and separated from the light-blocking light guide ring sleeve 6. The damage detection optical fiber 5 is periodically detected by an optical signal receiver 11. When the cable is damaged by external force, the second insulating layer 9 outside the damage detection optical fiber 5 is damaged, causing the damage detection optical fiber 5 to leak out. The optical signal transmitted through the light guide ring sleeve 6 enters the damage detection optical fiber 5 through the leakage and is detected by the optical signal receiver 11. The position of the optical signal transceiver 19 corresponds to the vibration detection optical fiber 20. The end of the vibration detection optical fiber 20 is connected and installed with the interface end of the optical signal transceiver 19. The principle of light interference is used to detect and locate the vibration impact on the outside of the cable, so as to provide a vibration assessment warning for the cable. The active identification and warning of the cable damage information can be realized through double warning protection, and the alarm information can be issued at the first time when the cable is damaged, so as to realize timely and effective monitoring, feedback and warning of the cable.

[0026] The communication mechanism is used for remote transmission of alarm information. The communication mechanism includes a communication box seat 15, a photovoltaic panel body 16, a wireless communication module 17 and an audible and visual alarm structure 18. In order to analyze and evaluate the detection information, an analysis control module is arranged inside the communication box seat 15. The analysis control module is installed inside the communication box seat 15. The analysis control module is a logic processing computer and an integrated photoelectric control driver. In order to communicate with the analysis control module, as shown in the attached Figure 5 As shown, a communication interface 12 is provided on the side of the monitoring ring seat 2, and a communication connector 13 is inserted and inserted in the interior of the communication interface 12. In order to fasten and install the communication interface 12, a fastening sleeve 14 is provided on the outer fitting sleeve of the communication connector 13. A fastening bolt is provided on the inner circumference of the communication interface 12. The end of the fastening sleeve 14 is threadedly fastened and installed on the inner side of the communication interface 12. The communication connector 13 is fastened and installed on the inner side of the communication interface 12 through the fastening sleeve 14. A communication connection is provided at the rear of the communication connector 13. The end of the communication connector 13 is electrically connected to the analysis control module. After the damage information is detected, the optical signal is detected and enters the damage detection optical fiber 5 through the damage point. The time when the detection signal reaches the optical signal receivers 11 on both sides can accurately calculate the distance information of the damaged part from the monitoring ring seat 2. The damaged position of the cable can be found quickly and accurately in conjunction with the GPS positioning mark. The damaged position of the cable can be accurately determined without excessive excavation on the ground, which greatly reduces the difficulty of cable inspection and maintenance and can save a lot of manpower and material resources. In order to facilitate the reference positioning of the broken point, a GPS positioning module is arranged inside the monitoring ring seat 2.

[0027] In order to facilitate the installation support of the communication box seat 15, a mounting support is installed at the lower part of the communication box seat 15, and the communication box seat 15 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the ground through the mounting support. In order to improve the emergency work reliability of the device, as shown in the attached Figure 7 As shown, the photovoltaic panel 16 is installed on the upper part of the communication box seat 15 through a bracket. In order to store electricity, a lithium battery is arranged inside the communication box seat 15. The lithium battery is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 16 through a voltage stabilizing circuit. The wireless communication module 17 can be a 5G communication module. The wireless communication module 17 is installed on the upper side of the communication box seat 15. The wireless communication module 17 is connected to the monitoring center through wireless communication. The monitoring information can be summarized and transmitted to the monitoring center in real time through remote wireless communication. The sound and light alarm structure 18 is used to provide sound and light warnings for nearby personnel. The sound and light alarm structure 18 is installed on the front side of the communication box seat 15. The sound and light alarm structure 18 includes a speaker and a warning light. The speaker and the warning light can provide sound and light warnings for people near the broken point to prevent people from contacting damaged cables.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for using a cable line external force damage prevention device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring, comprising the following steps: S1. Cable construction and installation. When carrying out cable construction and installation, first carry out the construction of cable buried trough, then put the cable sheath 1 together with the monitoring ring seat 2 from the cable end onto the upper part of the cable, adjust the position of the cable sheath 1 according to the distribution of the detection area, and after completion, install the fastening ring 3, and use the fastening clamping effect of the fastening ring 3 to complete the installation and fastening of the cable sheath 1, and then install the cable into the cable buried trough, keep the opening side of the cable sheath 1 downward during installation, and then carry out the fastening installation of the communication connector 13 and the buried installation of the communication wiring, and then fill the cable buried trough to complete the cable installation operation; S2, installation and debugging of the communication mechanism. After the cable installation is completed, a suitable installation area is selected on the upper part of the ground in the cable burial area, and then the fixing installation of the installation pillar is completed by tightening the bolts through the ground opening. Then the communication box seat 15 is installed on the upper part of the installation pillar, and the communication wiring and the power supply line are connected and installed to complete the installation of the communication mechanism. Then the power is turned on to debug the function of the communication mechanism and the monitoring feedback information; S3, working monitoring, during normal monitoring operation, under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal transceiver 19 in the monitoring ring seat 2 emits a continuous laser beam, and the laser beam is synchronously transmitted along the two optical fibers in the vibration detection optical fiber 20. If the optical fiber is not disturbed by the outside world, such as movement, sound waves and touch, or the two optical fibers are synchronously disturbed by the same interference, the reflected light will not change. At this time, it is judged that the cable is in normal working condition. At the same time, under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal generator 10 in the monitoring ring seat 2 periodically emits a detection optical signal. The detection optical signal is transmitted along the light guide ring sleeve 6, and is shielded and isolated by the second insulation layer 9 and cannot be transmitted into the damage detection optical fiber 5. The optical signal receiver 11 cannot receive the optical signal, and the analysis and control module cannot receive the signal feedback. At this time, it is judged that the cable is in normal working condition; When the cable is touched by an external force, the waveform of the light reflected back by the vibration detection optical fiber 20 will change and generate an interference image. The light detector can detect the change of this waveform. After analysis and determination by the analysis and control module, an alarm is sent to the detection center through the wireless communication module 17, and an acoustic and visual alarm information is sent through the acoustic and visual alarm structure 18. When the cable is damaged by external force, the external force first contacts the cable sheath 1. When the external force causes the sheath to be damaged and the second insulating layer 9 outside the damage detection optical fiber 5 is damaged, the damage detection optical fiber 5 leaks out, and the light signal transmitted by the light guide ring sleeve 6 enters the damage detection optical fiber 5 through the leakage, and is received and detected by the optical signal receiver 11 and the information is fed back to the analysis and control module. After analysis and determination by the analysis and control module, an alarm is sent to the detection center through the wireless communication module 17, and an acoustic and visual alarm information is sent through the acoustic and visual alarm structure 18. S4, positioning calculation, after completing the alarm information determination, when it is determined to be abnormal vibration: the returned optical signal information received by the optical signal transceiver 19 is processed and calculated by software to detect the interference intensity and position. The vibration source position calculation formula is: L=1 / 2vt=ct / 2n v=c / n Wherein: L is the distance from the vibration point to the optical signal transceiver 19; t is the delay time; c is the speed of light in a vacuum; n is the refractive index of the optical fiber core; When it is determined that the cable is damaged: under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal generators 10 in the monitoring ring seats 2 on both sides respectively send positioning detection optical signals alternately at intervals, and the positioning detection optical signals are transmitted in the light guide ring sleeve 6 and enter the damage detection optical fiber 5 at the damaged part. The monitoring ring seats 2 located on both sides of the cable sheath 1 segment respectively receive and detect the two signals, and calculate the distances D1 and D2 between the damaged part and the two monitoring ring seats 2 by detecting the time when the signal reaches the optical signal receivers 11 on both sides; The calculation formula of D1 is: D1=V*T1 / 2 In the formula: Assume that the break point segment is a straight line, the line length of the break point segment is 2000m, D1 is the line length distance from the break point to the first monitoring ring seat 2; V is the transmission speed of the optical signal in the light-guiding medium, and V is taken as 210kM / S here; T1 is the time it takes for the optical signal to be transmitted to the first monitoring ring seat 2, and T1 is taken as 0.01143S here; Substituting into the formula, we can get: D1=V*T1 / 2=1200.15m The calculation formula for D2 is: D2=V*T2 / 2 Where: D2 is the line length distance from the break point to the second monitoring ring seat 2; V is the transmission speed of the optical signal in the light-guiding medium, and V is taken as 210kM / S here; T2 is the time it takes for the optical signal to be transmitted to the second monitoring ring seat 2, and T1 is taken as 0.00762S here; Substituting into the formula, we can get: D2=V*T2 / 2=800.1m S5. Positioning and maintenance: When positioning the broken point, first determine and mark the position of the monitoring ring seat 2 on both sides of the damaged section according to the positioning information provided by the GPS positioning module in the monitoring ring seat 2, as shown in the attached figure. Fig. 9 As shown, the broken point position is determined according to the calculated distances D1 and D2 in conjunction with the cable construction layout trend diagram, the broken point position is marked, and the ground above the broken point is excavated by equipment to find the broken point position and repair or replace the damaged cable and cable sheath 1 to complete the maintenance work.

[0029] In summary, the cable protection device adopts an open ring sleeve structure setting. The cable sheath 1 is made of flexible material and is not restricted by terrain environments such as height, twists, turns, and bends. It has good adaptability and can meet the installation and adaptation requirements of cables of different sizes within a certain diameter range through opening expansion. The cable sheath 1 is installed on the upper part of the cable through a set, and the fastening and limiting of the cable sheath 1 is completed by using the fastening ring 3. It is not only easy to install but also the cable sheath 1 can improve the external force protection ability of the cable. When the external force impacts, the cable can be effectively shielded and protected. The device adopts a dual active detection and early warning method. A vibration detection optical fiber 20 is arranged inside the cable sheath 1. The principle of light interference is used to detect and locate the vibration impact on the outside of the cable, which can provide a vibration assessment and early warning for the cable, and the detection optical fiber 5 is installed as a whole through a light-guiding ring sleeve 6 with a light-guiding characteristic. The light signal generator 10 periodically emits a detection optical signal in the light-guiding ring sleeve 6 to detect The optical fiber 5 is covered by the second insulating layer 9 and installed separately from the light-blocking light-guiding ring sleeve 6. The detection optical fiber 5 is periodically detected by the optical signal receiver 11. When the cable is damaged by external force, the second insulating layer 9 outside the detection optical fiber 5 is damaged, causing the detection optical fiber 5 to leak out. The optical signal transmitted by the light-guiding ring sleeve 6 enters the detection optical fiber 5 through the leakage point. Through the detection of the optical signal receiver 11, active identification and early warning of cable damage information can be achieved. Through double detection protection, an alarm message can be issued at the first time when the cable is damaged, and timely and effective monitoring, feedback and early warning of the cable can be achieved. After detecting the damage information, the detection optical signal enters the damaged detection optical fiber 5 through the damaged point. The time when the detection signal reaches the optical signal receivers 11 on both sides can be accurately calculated. The distance information of the damaged part from the monitoring ring seat 2 can be accurately calculated. With the help of the GPS positioning mark, the damaged position of the cable can be quickly and accurately found. The damaged position can be accurately determined without excessive excavation and search on the ground, which greatly reduces the difficulty of cable inspection and maintenance and saves a lot of manpower and material resources.

[0030] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations and / or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring, characterized in that: It includes a protection monitoring mechanism and a communication mechanism; the protection monitoring mechanism is used for external monitoring and protection of the cable; the communication mechanism is used for remote transmission of alarm information; The protective monitoring mechanism comprises a cable sheath (1), a monitoring ring seat (2) and a fastening ring (3); the cable sheath (1) is fastened and sleeved on the outside of the cable through the fastening ring (3); the monitoring ring seat (2) is installed in the middle of the cable sheath (1); a damage detection optical fiber (5), a light guide ring sleeve (6), a wear-resistant protective layer (7), a first insulating layer (8), a second insulating layer (9) and a vibration detection optical fiber (20) are arranged inside the cable sheath (1); the light guide ring sleeve (6) is installed inside the wear-resistant protective layer (7) in isolation through the first insulating layer (8); the damage detection optical fiber (5) and the vibration detection optical fiber (20) are both installed inside the light guide ring sleeve (6) in isolation through the second insulating layer (9); and an optical signal generator (10), an optical signal receiver (11) and an optical signal transceiver (19) are arranged inside the monitoring ring seat (2); The communication mechanism comprises a communication box seat (15), a photovoltaic panel body (16), a wireless communication module (17) and an audible and visual alarm structure (18), and an analysis and control module is arranged inside the communication box seat (15).

2. According to claim 1, a cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring is characterized in that: The middle part of the cable sheath (1) is provided with a mounting hole (4), the lower part of the mounting hole (4) is provided with a mounting opening, and the cable sheath (1) is sleeved on the upper part of the cable through the mounting hole (4).

3. According to claim 2, a cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring is characterized in that: A plurality of the fastening rings (3) are provided, and ring installation grooves are evenly provided on the upper portion of the cable sheath (1), and the fastening rings (3) are tightly fitted and installed on the inner side of the ring installation grooves.

4. According to claim 1, a cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring is characterized in that: A plurality of the damage detection optical fibers (5) are provided, and a plurality of the damage detection optical fibers (5) are evenly distributed and installed in a circumferential shape; the vibration detection optical fiber (20) is installed inside the light guide ring sleeve (6); the second insulating layer (9) is installed to cover the outside of the damage detection optical fiber (5) and the vibration detection optical fiber (20); the damage detection optical fiber (5) and the vibration detection optical fiber (20) are separated, fixedly clamped and installed inside the light guide ring sleeve (6) by the second insulating layer (9).

5. The cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first insulating layer (8) is integrally coated on the outside of the light guide ring sleeve (6), and the wear-resistant protective layer (7) is integrally coated and fixedly installed on the outside of the light guide ring sleeve (6).

6. The cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A GPS positioning module is arranged inside the monitoring ring seat (2). The monitoring ring seat (2) is fixedly connected to the middle of the cable sheath (1). A plurality of optical signal generators (10) and optical signal receivers (11) are arranged. The optical signal generators (10) and optical signal receivers (11) are evenly installed on the side of the monitoring ring seat (2) in a circular shape. The optical signal generators (10) and optical signal receivers (11) are installed alternately and spaced apart. The optical signal transceiver (19) is installed on the upper side of the monitoring ring seat (2).

7. The cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The optical signal receiver (11) corresponds to the distribution position of the damage detection optical fiber (5), the end of the damage detection optical fiber (5) is fixedly connected and installed at the signal receiving end of the optical signal receiver (11), the position of the optical signal transceiver (19) corresponds to the vibration detection optical fiber (20), the end of the vibration detection optical fiber (20) is connected and installed with the interface end of the optical signal transceiver (19), the side of the monitoring ring seat (2) is provided with a communication interface (12), the communication interface (12) is internally inserted with a communication connector (13), the external insert sleeve of the communication connector (13) is provided with a tightening rotary sleeve (14), and the communication connector (13) is tightened and installed on the inner side of the communication interface (12) through the tightening rotary sleeve (14).

8. The cable line protection device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A mounting support is installed at the bottom of the communication box seat (15), and the communication box seat (15) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the ground through the mounting support. The analysis module is installed inside the communication box seat (15). A communication connection is provided at the rear of the communication connector (13), and the end of the communication connector (13) is electrically connected to the analysis control module.

9. The cable line protection device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel body (16) is installed on the upper part of the communication box seat (15) through a bracket, and a lithium battery is arranged inside the communication box seat (15). The wireless communication module (17) is installed on the upper side of the communication box seat (15), and the sound and light alarm structure (18) is installed on the front side of the communication box seat (15). The sound and light alarm structure (18) includes a speaker and a warning light.

10. A method for using a cable line anti-external force damage device based on optical fiber vibration monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Cable construction and installation. When the cable construction and installation is performed, the cable buried trough is first opened, and then the cable sheath (1) together with the monitoring ring seat (2) is mounted on the upper part of the cable from the cable end. The position of the cable sheath (1) is adjusted according to the distribution of the detection area. After completion, the fastening ring (3) is installed and the cable sheath (1) is fastened by the fastening clamping effect of the fastening ring (3). Then, the cable is installed into the cable buried trough. During installation, the opening side of the cable sheath (1) is kept downward. Then, the communication connector (13) is connected and fastened and the communication wiring is buried. Then, the cable buried trough is filled to complete the cable installation operation; S2, installation and debugging of the communication mechanism. After the cable installation is completed, a suitable installation area is selected on the upper part of the ground in the cable burial area, and then the installation support is fixedly installed by tightening the ground holes with bolts. Then the communication box seat (15) is installed on the upper part of the installation support, and the communication wiring and power supply line are connected and installed to complete the installation of the communication mechanism. Then the power is turned on to debug the function and monitoring feedback information of the communication mechanism. S3, working monitoring, during normal monitoring operation, under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal transceiver (19) in the monitoring ring seat (2) emits a continuous laser beam, and the laser beam is synchronously transmitted along the two optical fibers in the vibration detection optical fiber (20). If the optical fiber is not disturbed by the outside world, such as movement, sound waves and touch, or the two optical fibers are synchronously disturbed by the same disturbance, the reflected light will not change. At this time, it is judged that the cable is in a normal working state. At the same time, under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal generator (10) in the monitoring ring seat (2) periodically emits a detection optical signal. The detection optical signal is transmitted along the light guide ring sleeve (6). It is shielded and isolated by the second insulation layer (9) and cannot be transmitted into the damage detection optical fiber (5). The optical signal receiver (11) cannot receive the optical signal, and the analysis and control module cannot receive the signal feedback. At this time, it is judged that the cable is in a normal working state; When the cable is touched by an external force, the waveform of the light reflected back by the vibration detection optical fiber (20) will change and generate an interference pattern. The light detector can detect the change of the waveform. After analysis and determination by the analysis and control module, an alarm is sent to the detection center through the wireless communication module (17), and an acoustic and optical alarm information is sent through the acoustic and optical alarm structure (18). When the cable is damaged by an external force, the external force first contacts the cable sheath (1). When the external force causes the sheath to be damaged and the second insulating layer (9) outside the damage detection optical fiber (5) is damaged, the damage detection optical fiber (5) leaks out, and the light signal transmitted through the light guide ring sleeve (6) enters the damage detection optical fiber (5) through the leakage point, is received and detected by the optical signal receiver (11), and the information is fed back to the analysis and control module. After analysis and determination by the analysis and control module, an alarm is sent to the detection center through the wireless communication module (17), and an acoustic and optical alarm information is sent through the acoustic and optical alarm structure (18); S4, positioning calculation, after completing the alarm information determination, when it is determined to be abnormal vibration: the returned optical signal information received by the optical signal transceiver (19) is processed and calculated by software to detect the interference intensity and position. The vibration source position calculation formula is: L=1 / 2vt=ct / 2n v=c / n Wherein: L is the distance from the vibration point to the optical signal transceiver (19); t is the delay time; c is the speed of light in vacuum; n is the refractive index of the optical fiber core; When it is determined that the cable is damaged: under the control of the analysis and control module, the optical signal generators (10) in the monitoring ring seats (2) on both sides respectively send positioning detection optical signals alternately at intervals, the positioning detection optical signals are transmitted through the light guide ring sleeve (6) and enter the damage detection optical fiber (5) at the damaged part, and the monitoring ring seats (2) located on both sides of the cable sheath (1) segment respectively receive and detect the two signals, and calculate the distances D1 and D2 between the damaged part and the two monitoring ring seats (2) by detecting the time when the signal reaches the optical signal receivers (11) on both sides; The calculation formula of D1 is: D1=V*T1 / 2 Wherein: D1 is the line length distance from the breaking point to the first monitoring ring seat (2); V is the transmission speed of the optical signal in the light-guiding medium; T1 is the time it takes for the optical signal to be transmitted to the first monitoring ring seat (2); The calculation formula for D2 is: D2=V*T2 / 2 Wherein: D2 is the line length distance from the breaking point to the second monitoring ring seat (2); V is the transmission speed of the optical signal in the light-guiding medium; T2 is the time it takes for the optical signal to be transmitted to the second monitoring ring seat (2); S5. Positioning and maintenance. When positioning the broken point, first determine and mark the position of the monitoring ring seat (2) on both sides of the broken section according to the positioning information provided by the GPS positioning module in the monitoring ring seat (2). Then determine the position of the broken point according to the calculated distances D1 and D2 in conjunction with the construction layout trend diagram of the cable. Mark the position of the broken point and use equipment to excavate the ground above the broken point. Find the position of the broken point and repair or replace the damaged cable and cable sheath (1) to complete the maintenance work.

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