Fuel cell stack test bench and test method

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel cell stack test bench and a test method, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells. The fuel cell stack test bench comprises a stack test station; the hydrogen supply module comprises a hydrogen supply device, a first hydrogen branch and a second hydrogen branch, and the first hydrogen branch and the second hydrogen branch are both communicated with an anode gas inlet of the galvanic pile; the anode tail discharge module comprises a water distribution device, a back pressure valve, a pulse discharge valve and a hydrogen circulating pump; and the nitrogen supply module comprises a nitrogen supply device, a first nitrogen branch and a second nitrogen branch, the first nitrogen branch is communicated with an anode gas inlet of the galvanic pile, and the second nitrogen branch is introduced into the water distribution device. The invention also provides a test method, which applies the fuel cell stack test bench, can realize nitrogen concentration proportioning under various test conditions, and can realize stack performance test of the anode of the stack under different nitrogen concentrations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a fuel cell stack test bench and a test method. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a chemical device that converts the chemical energy of fuel directly into electrical energy. It has the advantages of being pollution-free, noise-free, and having high power generation efficiency. It has good application prospects in the fields of aerospace, electric vehicles, etc.

[0003] During the continuous operation of the fuel cell, the nitrogen on the cathode side will gradually penetrate into the anode through the proton exchange membrane, reducing the purity of the anode hydrogen, which in turn leads to a decrease in the performance of the fuel cell stack. By testing the performance changes of the fuel cell stack under different nitrogen concentrations, a series of test data are obtained, which can objectively evaluate the nitrogen tolerance performance of the fuel cell stack and provide a reference for the research and development and improvement of fuel cells for this problem. However, there is currently no fuel cell stack test bench that can conduct such tests, nor is there a corresponding test method. Summary of the invention

[0004] To this end, the present application proposes a fuel cell stack test bench and test method, which can achieve nitrogen concentration ratios under a variety of test conditions and can achieve stack performance testing of the anode of the stack under different nitrogen concentrations.

[0005] A fuel cell stack test bench according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes: a stack test station for placing the stack; a hydrogen supply module, including a hydrogen supply device, a first hydrogen branch and a second hydrogen branch, the first hydrogen branch and the second hydrogen branch are arranged in parallel on the outlet side of the hydrogen supply device, and are both connected to the anode gas inlet of the stack; an anode tail discharge module, including a water distribution device, a back pressure valve, a pulse discharge valve and a hydrogen circulation pump, the back pressure valve and the hydrogen circulation pump are arranged in parallel and are both connected to the exhaust port of the water distribution device, and the pulse discharge valve is connected to the pipeline of the hydrogen circulation pump; a nitrogen supply module, including a nitrogen supply device, a first nitrogen branch and a second nitrogen branch, the first nitrogen branch and the second nitrogen branch are arranged in parallel on the outlet side of the nitrogen supply device, the first nitrogen branch is connected to the anode gas inlet of the stack, and the second nitrogen branch leads to the water distribution device.

[0006] Optionally, in the normal discharge test mode, the first hydrogen branch and the first nitrogen branch are opened, the back pressure valve is opened, the second hydrogen branch and the second nitrogen branch are closed, and the hydrogen circulation pump and the pulsation valve are closed; in the hydrogen circulation pulsation test mode, the second hydrogen branch and the second nitrogen branch are opened, the hydrogen circulation pump and the pulsation valve are opened, the first hydrogen branch and the first nitrogen branch are closed, and the back pressure valve is closed.

[0007] Optionally, the hydrogen providing device includes a hydrogen source and a hydrogen source valve, and the hydrogen source valve is installed on the outlet side of the hydrogen source.

[0008] Optionally, the first hydrogen branch includes a hydrogen mass flow control valve, and the second hydrogen branch includes a hydrogen flow meter and a hydrogen proportional valve.

[0009] Optionally, the nitrogen supply device includes a nitrogen source, a nitrogen source valve and a nitrogen mass flow control valve connected in sequence.

[0010] Optionally, the first nitrogen branch includes a first nitrogen proportioning valve, and the second nitrogen branch includes a second nitrogen proportioning valve.

[0011] Optionally, the anode tail exhaust module also includes a tail exhaust pipeline and a detection branch, the tail exhaust pipeline connects the anode gas outlet side of the fuel cell stack and the air inlet of the water separation device, and the detection branch is connected to the tail exhaust pipeline in bypass mode to measure the concentration of hydrogen in the anode tail exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack.

[0012] Optionally, the detection branch includes a gas cooler, a gas-liquid separator, a dryer, a flow meter and a hydrogen concentration measuring instrument which are connected in sequence.

[0013] Optionally, the fuel cell stack test bench further comprises a gas humidification module, which is arranged at the anode gas inlet side of the stack test station, and the gas humidification module is used to adjust the humidity parameters of the gas of the stack entering the stack test station.

[0014] Optionally, the first hydrogen branch and the first nitrogen branch merge into a gas inlet of the gas humidification module.

[0015] Optionally, the fuel cell stack test bench further comprises: a gas temperature control module, which is arranged at the anode gas inlet side of the stack test station and is used to adjust the temperature parameters of the mixed gas of the stack entering the stack test station.

[0016] Optionally, the pipeline of the hydrogen circulation pump merges into the pipeline on the outlet side of the gas temperature control module.

[0017] The fuel cell stack testing method of the second embodiment of the present application uses the fuel cell stack testing bench described in the first embodiment of the present application, including:

[0018] In the normal discharge test mode, the first hydrogen branch and the first nitrogen branch are opened, the back pressure valve is opened, the second hydrogen branch and the second nitrogen branch are closed, and the hydrogen circulation pump and the pulse discharge valve are closed;

[0019] In the hydrogen circulation pulsation test mode, the second hydrogen branch and the second nitrogen branch are opened, the hydrogen circulation pump and the pulsation valve are opened, the first hydrogen branch and the first nitrogen branch are closed, and the back pressure valve is closed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The fuel cell stack test bench of the embodiment of the present application includes a first hydrogen branch and a second hydrogen branch arranged in parallel, and nitrogen is mixed into the hydrogen before entering the stack through the first nitrogen branch to form a mixed gas, and the inlet side of the stack gas pressure is controlled by the back pressure valve, so as to achieve different nitrogen concentration ratios in the normal discharge test mode; nitrogen is mixed into the water separation device through the second nitrogen branch, and the mixed gas discharged from the water separation device is mixed into the hydrogen before entering the stack through the hydrogen circulation pump, and the pulse discharge valve is exhausted intermittently, so as to achieve different nitrogen concentration ratios in the hydrogen circulation pulse discharge test mode. Through the opening and closing coordination of each branch, the fuel cell stack test bench of the embodiment of the present application can adjust the nitrogen concentration ratio in the hydrogen entering the stack in the normal discharge test mode and the hydrogen circulation pulse discharge test mode, so as to achieve the stack performance test of the anode of the stack under different nitrogen concentrations, obtain a series of test data, and objectively evaluate the nitrogen tolerance performance of the stack.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A system schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack test bench provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a detection branch of a fuel cell stack test bench provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Icons: 100-fuel cell stack test bench; 110-stack test station; 120-hydrogen supply module; 121-hydrogen supply device; 1211-hydrogen source; 1212-hydrogen source valve; 122-first hydrogen branch; 1221-hydrogen mass flow control valve; 123-second hydrogen branch; 1231-hydrogen flow meter; 1232-hydrogen proportional valve; 130-anode tail exhaust module; 131-water distribution device; 132-back pressure valve; 133-pulse valve; 134-hydrogen circulation pump; 135-tail exhaust pipeline; 136-detection Branch; 1361-gas cooler; 1362-gas-liquid separator; 1363-dryer; 1364-flow meter; 1365-hydrogen concentration measuring instrument; 140-nitrogen supply module; 141-nitrogen supply device; 1411-nitrogen source; 1412-nitrogen source valve; 1413-nitrogen mass flow control valve; 142-first nitrogen branch; 1421-first nitrogen proportioning valve; 143-second nitrogen branch; 1431-second nitrogen proportioning valve; 150-gas humidification module; 160-gas temperature control module; 200-fuel cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the fuel cell stack test bench 100 of some embodiments of the present application includes a stack test station 110, a hydrogen supply module 120, an anode tail discharge module 130 and a nitrogen supply module 140. The stack test station 110 is used to place the stack 200; the hydrogen supply module 120 includes a hydrogen supply device 121, a first hydrogen branch 122 and a second hydrogen branch 123, the first hydrogen branch 122 and the second hydrogen branch 123 are arranged in parallel on the outlet side of the hydrogen supply device 121, and are both connected to the anode gas inlet of the stack 200; the anode tail discharge module 130 includes a water separation device 131, a back pressure valve 132, a pulse valve 133 and a hydrogen circulation pump 134, the back pressure valve 132 and the hydrogen circulation pump 134 are arranged in parallel and are both connected to the exhaust port of the water separation device 131, and the pulse valve 133 is connected to the pipeline of the hydrogen circulation pump 134; the nitrogen supply module 140 includes a nitrogen supply device 141, a first nitrogen branch 142 and a second nitrogen branch 143, the first nitrogen branch 142 and the second nitrogen branch 143 are arranged in parallel on the outlet side of the nitrogen supply device 141, the first nitrogen branch 142 is connected to the anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack 200, and the second nitrogen branch 143 leads to the water separation device 131.

[0030] The hydrogen supply device 121 is used to provide hydrogen, and the nitrogen supply device 141 is used to provide nitrogen. The first hydrogen branch 122 and the second hydrogen branch 123 are arranged in parallel between the hydrogen supply device 121 and the stack test station 110, the first nitrogen branch 142 is arranged between the nitrogen supply device 141 and the stack test station 110, and the second nitrogen branch 143 is connected to the water separation device 131 from the anode gas tail discharge side of the stack test station 110.

[0031] The fuel cell stack test bench 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a first hydrogen branch 122 and a second hydrogen branch 123 arranged in parallel. Nitrogen is mixed into the hydrogen before entering the stack 200 through the first nitrogen branch 142 to form a mixed gas. The inlet side of the gas pressure entering the stack is controlled by the back pressure valve 132, thereby achieving different nitrogen concentration ratios in the normal discharge test mode; nitrogen is mixed into the water separation device 131 through the second nitrogen branch 143, and the mixed gas discharged from the water separation device 131 is mixed into the hydrogen before entering the stack 200 through the hydrogen circulation pump 134, and the pulse valve 133 is exhausted intermittently, thereby achieving different nitrogen concentration ratios in the hydrogen circulation pulse test mode. By coordinating the opening and closing of each branch, the fuel cell stack test bench 100 of the embodiment of the present application can adjust the nitrogen concentration ratio in the hydrogen entering the stack 200 in the normal discharge test mode and the hydrogen circulation pulse discharge test mode, thereby realizing the stack performance test of the anode of the stack 200 under different nitrogen concentrations, obtaining a series of test data, and objectively evaluating the nitrogen tolerance performance of the stack 200.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell stack test bench 100 is used to perform a nitrogen concentration ratio test on a hydrogen fuel cell, and the fuel cell stack test bench 100 also includes a cathode gas supply module for providing air or oxygen to the stack 200, which will not be further described herein. In other embodiments, the fuel cell stack test bench 100 can also be used for concentration ratio tests of other similar mixed gases.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, in the normal discharge test mode, the first hydrogen branch 122 and the first nitrogen branch 142 are opened, the back pressure valve 132 is opened, the second hydrogen branch 123 and the second nitrogen branch 143 are closed, and the hydrogen circulation pump 134 and the pulse valve 133 are closed.

[0034] With this arrangement, nitrogen is mixed into the first hydrogen branch 122 through the first nitrogen branch 142 to form a mixed gas, and the anode inlet gas pressure of the fuel cell stack 200 is controlled by the back pressure valve 132 to deliver preset hydrogen mixed with nitrogen of different concentrations into the anode of the fuel cell stack 200.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, in the hydrogen circulation pulsation test mode, the second hydrogen branch 123 and the second nitrogen branch 143 are opened, the hydrogen circulation pump 134 and the pulsation valve 133 are opened, the first hydrogen branch 122 and the first nitrogen branch 142 are closed, and the back pressure valve 132 is closed.

[0036] With this arrangement, the pulse valve 133 is intermittently opened to exhaust, the tail exhaust hydrogen enters the water separation device 131, and the second nitrogen branch 143 mixes nitrogen into the water separation device 131. The tail exhaust hydrogen and nitrogen are mixed and pressurized by the hydrogen circulation pump 134 and circulated to the inlet side of the fuel cell stack 200, and mixed with the hydrogen in the second hydrogen branch 123, so that the preset hydrogen mixed with nitrogen of different concentrations is delivered to the anode of the fuel cell stack 200.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen providing device 121 includes a hydrogen source 1211 and a hydrogen source valve 1212 , and the hydrogen source valve 1212 is installed at the outlet side of the hydrogen source 1211 .

[0038] Through this arrangement, hydrogen can be transported to the first hydrogen branch 122 or the second hydrogen branch 123 .

[0039] In some embodiments of the present application, the first hydrogen branch 122 includes a hydrogen mass flow control valve 1221 , and the second hydrogen branch 123 includes a hydrogen flow meter 1231 and a hydrogen proportional valve 1232 .

[0040] The hydrogen mass flow control valve 1221 can be used to adjust the flow of hydrogen in the normal discharge test mode; the hydrogen proportional valve 1232 can be used to control the inlet gas pressure of the fuel cell stack 200 in the hydrogen circulation pulse discharge test mode, and in the nitrogen concentration matching mode, only the hydrogen flow meter 1231 is used to monitor the flow of hydrogen, and the inlet gas pressure of the fuel cell stack 200 is not actively controlled.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the nitrogen providing device 141 includes a nitrogen source 1411 , a nitrogen source valve 1412 , and a nitrogen mass flow control valve 1413 that are connected in sequence.

[0042] Through this arrangement, nitrogen can be provided to the first nitrogen branch 142 or the second nitrogen branch 143, and the flow rate of the nitrogen can be adjusted from the gas source side.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the first nitrogen branch 142 includes a first nitrogen proportioning valve 1421 , and the second nitrogen branch 143 includes a second nitrogen proportioning valve 1431 .

[0044] Through this arrangement, the flow rates of the first nitrogen branch 142 and the second nitrogen branch 143 can be adjusted, thereby achieving stack performance testing with different nitrogen concentration ratio parameters.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, the anode tail exhaust module 130 also includes a tail exhaust pipeline 135 and a detection branch 136. The tail exhaust pipeline 135 connects the anode gas outlet side of the fuel cell stack 200 and the air inlet of the water separation device 131. The detection branch 136 is connected to the tail exhaust pipeline 135 in parallel and is used to measure the concentration of hydrogen in the anode tail exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack 200.

[0046] The detection branch 136 is a small flow branch connected in parallel with the tail exhaust pipe 135 and only needs to meet the required range of hydrogen concentration measurement.

[0047] Through this arrangement, the concentration of hydrogen in the mixed gas discharged from the anode of the fuel cell stack 200 can be detected, providing parameters for reference in calculating the nitrogen concentration in the hydrogen cycle pulse test mode.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the detection branch 136 includes a gas cooler 1361, a gas-liquid separator 1362, a dryer 1363, a flow meter 1364 and a hydrogen concentration meter 1365 which are connected in sequence.

[0049] The anode outlet gas of the fuel cell stack 200 is cooled, condensed, and dried before passing through a flow meter 1364 and a hydrogen concentration meter 1365. The hydrogen concentration meter 1365 adopts a thermal conductivity principle to meet the requirements for high-concentration measurement of anode hydrogen. The nitrogen concentration in the anode outlet gas is obtained by subtracting the hydrogen concentration from 1.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell stack test bench 100 also includes a gas humidification module 150, which is arranged at the anode gas inlet side of the stack test station 110, and the gas humidification module 150 is used to adjust the humidity parameters of the gas of the stack 200 entering the stack test station 110.

[0051] Through this arrangement, the gas before entering the stack can be humidified, and the hydrogen and nitrogen can be fully mixed so that the mixed gas reaches the preset humidity parameters.

[0052] Specifically, the first hydrogen branch 122 and the first nitrogen branch 142 merge into the gas inlet of the gas humidification module 150 .

[0053] In the normal discharge test mode, the first hydrogen branch 122 and the first nitrogen branch 142 jointly input gas to the gas humidification module 150. The first hydrogen branch 122 can be connected to the gas humidification module 150, and the first nitrogen branch 142 can be merged into the first hydrogen branch 122 in advance; or the first hydrogen branch 122 and the first nitrogen branch 142 can be connected to the gas humidification module 150 respectively.

[0054] Through this arrangement, the gas before entering the stack can be humidified in the normal discharge test mode.

[0055] The second hydrogen branch 123 flows into the outlet side of the gas humidification module 150. That is, in the hydrogen circulation pulsation test mode, the hydrogen output from the second hydrogen branch 123 is not humidified by the gas humidification module 150.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the fuel cell stack test bench 100 further includes a gas temperature control module 160 , which is disposed at the anode gas inlet side of the stack test station 110 and is used to adjust the temperature parameters of the mixed gas of the stack 200 entering the stack test station 110 .

[0057] The air inlet of the gas temperature control module 160 is connected to the outlet side of the gas humidification module 150, and the second hydrogen branch 123 merges into the pipeline connecting the gas humidification module 150 and the gas temperature control module 160. The air outlet of the gas temperature control module 160 is connected to the anode gas inlet of the battery stack 200 of the battery stack test station 110 through the pipeline.

[0058] It is understandable that a barometer, a temperature gauge and a humidity meter are installed on the anode air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the fuel cell stack 200 to monitor the operating status of the fuel cell stack 200 in real time.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the pipeline of the hydrogen circulation pump 134 merges into the pipeline on the outlet side of the gas temperature control module 160 .

[0060] With this arrangement, hydrogen can be circulated in the pipeline close to the stack, and nitrogen can be mixed in through the hydrogen circulation path.

[0061] The fuel cell stack testing method of some embodiments of the present application uses the fuel cell stack testing bench 100 of the embodiments of the present application. The fuel cell stack testing method includes:

[0062] In the normal discharge test mode, the first hydrogen branch 122 and the first nitrogen branch 142 are opened, the back pressure valve 132 is opened, the second hydrogen branch 123 and the second nitrogen branch 143 are closed, and the hydrogen circulation pump 134 and the pulse valve 133 are closed;

[0063] In the hydrogen circulation pulsation test mode, the second hydrogen branch 123 and the second nitrogen branch 143 are opened, the hydrogen circulation pump 134 and the pulsation valve 133 are opened, the first hydrogen branch 122 and the first nitrogen branch 142 are closed, and the back pressure valve 132 is closed.

[0064] Test method of normal test mode:

[0065] Open the hydrogen source valve 1212, and use the hydrogen mass flow control valve 1221 and the back pressure valve 132 in combination to control the hydrogen flow and pressure at the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 200, wherein the hydrogen mass flow control valve 1221 controls the hydrogen flow, the back pressure valve 132 controls the inlet pressure, and the hydrogen proportional valve 1232, the pulse valve 133 and the hydrogen circulation pump 134 are in the closed state;

[0066] Open the nitrogen source valve 1412 and the first nitrogen proportioning valve 1421, close the second nitrogen proportioning valve 1431, and control the nitrogen mass flow control valve 1413 to adjust the flow of nitrogen, so as to achieve the proportion of the target concentration of nitrogen and hydrogen;

[0067] With this nitrogen concentration, other test conditions were kept the same, and the performance of the fuel cell stack 200 with and without nitrogen was tested and compared.

[0068] Test method of hydrogen cycle pulse test mode:

[0069] The hydrogen proportional valve 1232 is used to control the inlet pressure of the fuel cell stack 200. The hydrogen circulation pump 134 increases the pressure of the hydrogen at the anode outlet of the fuel cell stack 200 and recirculates it to the inlet side of the fuel cell stack 200. The pulse valve 133 is intermittently opened to exhaust. In this test mode, the hydrogen flow at the inlet side of the fuel cell stack 200 is not actively controlled, and only the hydrogen flow entering the fuel cell stack 200 is monitored and supplemented by the hydrogen flow meter 1231.

[0070] Open the nitrogen source valve 1412 and the second nitrogen proportioning valve 1431, close the first nitrogen proportioning valve 1421, and adjust the nitrogen mass flow control valve 1413 in a closed loop according to the monitored nitrogen concentration until the actual nitrogen concentration reaches the target concentration range;

[0071] With this nitrogen concentration, other test conditions were kept the same, and the performance of the fuel cell stack 200 with and without nitrogen was tested and compared.

[0072] It is understandable that in this mode, in order to reduce the volume of the cavity, the proportional valve is usually set close to the inlet of the stack 200, and the nitrogen is controlled to flow into the outlet side of the stack 200 through the second nitrogen proportioning valve 1431, and then circulates into the inlet of the stack 200 through the hydrogen circulation pump 134. In this process, the nitrogen participates in the steam-water separation process after passing into the water separation device 131, and the nitrogen and hydrogen are fully mixed through the water separation device 131 and the hydrogen circulation pump 134, so as to alleviate the fluctuation of the stack performance due to the uneven mixing of the two gases.

[0073] It should be mentioned that, in this mode, the nitrogen concentration at the anode of the fuel cell stack 200 will slowly decrease as the pulse valve 133 is periodically opened for a short period of time. In order to improve the accuracy of the test data, it is necessary to maintain the nitrogen concentration within the target range during the test. The nitrogen mass flow control valve 1413 can be adjusted to regularly supplement an appropriate amount of nitrogen to the anode of the fuel cell stack 200.

[0074] Working principle of hydrogen concentration detection in tail gas:

[0075] The outlet gas of the fuel cell stack 200 entering the detection branch 136 passes through the gas cooler 1361, the gas-liquid separator 1362, the dryer 1363, the flow meter 1364 and the hydrogen concentration meter 1365 in sequence. After cooling, condensation and drying, the gas flow and hydrogen concentration are detected in sequence. The hydrogen concentration meter 1365 adopts the thermal conductivity principle to meet the requirements for high-concentration hydrogen measurement. The nitrogen concentration is obtained by subtracting the hydrogen concentration from 1.

[0076] The fuel cell stack test bench 100 of the embodiment of the present application is used to perform a nitrogen concentration ratio test. By mixing nitrogen at different positions, not only can the nitrogen concentration ratio under the anode normal discharge and hydrogen circulation pulse discharge test conditions be achieved, but the mixed nitrogen can also be fully mixed with the hydrogen, without affecting the gas pressure fluctuation during the test, and the obtained test data has good accuracy.

[0077] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application may be combined with each other.

[0078] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack test bench (100), characterized in that: include: A battery stack testing station (110), used for placing a battery stack; A hydrogen supply module (120), comprising a hydrogen supply device (121), a first hydrogen branch (122) and a second hydrogen branch (123), wherein the first hydrogen branch (122) and the second hydrogen branch (123) are arranged in parallel at the outlet side of the hydrogen supply device (121), and are both connected to the anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack; An anode tail discharge module (130) comprises a water separation device (131), a back pressure valve (132), a pulse discharge valve (133) and a hydrogen circulation pump (134), wherein the back pressure valve (132) and the hydrogen circulation pump (134) are arranged in parallel and are both connected to the exhaust port of the water separation device (131), and the pulse discharge valve (133) is connected to the pipeline of the hydrogen circulation pump (134); A nitrogen supply module (140) comprises a nitrogen supply device (141), a first nitrogen branch (142) and a second nitrogen branch (143), wherein the first nitrogen branch (142) and the second nitrogen branch (143) are arranged in parallel at the outlet side of the nitrogen supply device (141), the first nitrogen branch (142) is connected to the anode gas inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the second nitrogen branch (143) is connected to the water separation device (131).

2. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the normal discharge test mode, the first hydrogen branch (122) and the first nitrogen branch (142) are opened, the back pressure valve (132) is opened, the second hydrogen branch (123) and the second nitrogen branch (143) are closed, and the hydrogen circulation pump (134) and the pulse valve (133) are closed; In the hydrogen circulation pulsation test mode, the second hydrogen branch (123) and the second nitrogen branch (143) are opened, the hydrogen circulation pump (134) and the pulsation valve (133) are opened, the first hydrogen branch (122) and the first nitrogen branch (142) are closed, and the back pressure valve (132) is closed.

3. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrogen supply device (121) includes a hydrogen source (1211) and a hydrogen source valve (1212), and the hydrogen source valve (1212) is installed on the outlet side of the hydrogen source (1211).

4. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The first hydrogen branch (122) includes a hydrogen mass flow control valve (1221), and the second hydrogen branch (123) includes a hydrogen flow meter (1231) and a hydrogen proportional valve (1232).

5. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen supply device (141) comprises a nitrogen source (1411), a nitrogen source valve (1412) and a nitrogen mass flow control valve (1413) which are connected in sequence.

6. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first nitrogen branch (142) includes a first nitrogen proportioning valve (1421), and the second nitrogen branch (143) includes a second nitrogen proportioning valve (1431).

7. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode tail exhaust module (130) further comprises a tail exhaust pipeline (135) and a detection branch (136); the tail exhaust pipeline (135) is connected to the anode gas outlet side of the stack and the air inlet of the water separation device (131); the detection branch (136) is connected to the tail exhaust pipeline (135) and is used to measure the concentration of hydrogen in the anode tail exhaust gas of the stack.

8. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection branch (136) includes a gas cooler (1361), a gas-liquid separator (1362), a dryer (1363), a flow meter (1364) and a hydrogen concentration measuring instrument (1365) which are connected in sequence.

9. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A gas humidification module (150) is arranged at the anode gas inlet side of the stack test station, and the gas humidification module (150) is used to adjust the humidity parameter of the gas of the stack entering the stack test station.

10. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first hydrogen branch (122) and the first nitrogen branch (142) merge into the gas inlet of the gas humidification module (150).

11. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A gas temperature control module (160) is arranged at the anode gas inlet side of the stack test station and is used to adjust the temperature parameters of the mixed gas of the stack entering the stack test station.

12. The fuel cell stack test bench (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that: The pipeline of the hydrogen circulation pump (134) merges into the pipeline on the outlet side of the gas temperature control module (160).

13. A fuel cell stack testing method, which uses the fuel cell stack testing bench (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: include: In the normal discharge test mode, the first hydrogen branch (122) and the first nitrogen branch (142) are opened, the back pressure valve (132) is opened, the second hydrogen branch (123) and the second nitrogen branch (143) are closed, and the hydrogen circulation pump (134) and the pulse valve (133) are closed; In the hydrogen circulation pulsation test mode, the second hydrogen branch (123) and the second nitrogen branch (143) are opened, the hydrogen circulation pump (134) and the pulsation valve (133) are opened, the first hydrogen branch (122) and the first nitrogen branch (142) are closed, and the back pressure valve (132) is closed.

Images