Bridge, antenna and bridge coupling degree regulation and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, and provides a bridge, an antenna and a bridge coupling degree regulation and control method. The bridge comprises a dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate is provided with a first face and a second face which are oppositely arranged, the first face is provided with a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line, the second face is provided with a metal layer, the metal layer comprises a transmission area, a defect ground and a grounding area, the transmission area is used for signal transmission, and the defect ground is located on the periphery of the transmission area. The transmission area and the grounding area are separated from each other; the defected ground is provided with an adjusting structure, and gaps are formed between the adjusting structure and the transmission area and between the adjusting structure and the grounding area, so that the coupling degree of the bridge is adjusted by connecting the adjusting structure with one of the transmission area and the grounding area. Therefore, the coupling degree of the bridge can be simply and conveniently regulated and controlled after the bridge is processed and formed, the structure design is simple, the production cost is lower, the operability is higher, the influence on circuit indexes in the regulation process is smaller, and higher directivity and better circuit indexes are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a bridge, an antenna, and a method for controlling the coupling degree of the bridge. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are an important part of mobile communication networks. As antennas become more and more complex, the design of the whole device requires a microstrip bridge to narrow the antenna wave width. Generally speaking, after the structural dimensions of a conventional bridge are determined, the power ratio between the through port and the coupled port is a fixed value, and the coupling degree of the bridge cannot be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. It is often necessary to replace the fixed power ratio bridge for multiple tests according to actual test conditions to achieve the desired effect. However, the repeated disassembly, installation and welding of the bridge greatly increases the R&D investment cost, and the circuit errors caused by multiple disassembly and assembly have an adverse effect on the test consistency.

[0003] The related art proposes a technical solution for making the capacitive coupling bandwidth meet the requirements by changing the circumference of the notch ring. However, the adjustment can only be made in the initial design stage, and it is not possible to simply and conveniently adjust the bridge coupling degree in real time according to the actual coupling degree requirements. The related art also proposes a method for changing the coupling degree by adding concentrated component resistance and capacitance at the coupling end, and changing the port impedance by adjustable chip capacitors and adjusting capacitor metal rods. However, the structural design is complex, which increases the manufacturing and maintenance costs. In addition, adjusting the capacitance by metal rods is unstable in the structural design, which has a greater impact under complex and vibrating conditions, and may cause excessive impact on circuit parameters, resulting in abnormal circuit indicators of the entire machine, etc. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a bridge, an antenna and a bridge coupling control method, which can adjust the power ratio of the bridge in real time according to actual needs, while achieving higher directivity and better circuit indicators. It has a simple structural design, low production cost, strong operability, and little impact on circuit indicators during the adjustment process.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an electric bridge, comprising a dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate having a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, the first surface being provided with a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line, the second surface being provided with a metal layer, the metal layer comprising a transmission area, a defective ground and a grounding area, the transmission area being used for signal transmission, the defective ground being located at the periphery of the transmission area and being arranged between the transmission area and the grounding area;

[0006] The defective ground is provided with an adjustment structure, and gaps are formed between the adjustment structure and the transmission area and between the adjustment structure and the grounding area, so as to adjust the coupling degree of the bridge by connecting the adjustment structure to one of the transmission area and the grounding area.

[0007] In some embodiments, the adjustment structure includes an adjustment ring disposed around the transmission region.

[0008] In some embodiments, the adjustment ring is rectangular, circular or polygonal, and the shape of the adjustment ring is adapted to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective land.

[0009] In some embodiments, the number of the adjustment rings is one or more; when the number of the adjustment rings is multiple, the multiple adjustment rings are arranged in sequence along the direction from the transmission area to the grounding area, and a gap is formed between two adjacent adjustment rings.

[0010] In some embodiments, the number of the adjustment rings is multiple, and the grounding area and the multiple adjustment rings are connected in sequence in a direction from the grounding area to the innermost adjustment ring to obtain a coupling degree that changes in a gradient;

[0011] Alternatively, there are multiple adjustment rings, and the transmission area and the multiple adjustment rings are connected in sequence in a direction from the transmission area to the outermost adjustment ring to obtain a coupling degree that varies in a gradient.

[0012] In some embodiments, the width of the adjustment ring, the gap width between the adjustment ring and the transmission area, the gap width between the adjustment ring and the grounding area, and the gap width between two adjacent adjustment rings are all in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the adjustment structure comprises a multi-stage adjustment structure, wherein the multi-stage adjustment structure comprises a plurality of adjustment units, and the plurality of adjustment units are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the transmission zone at the periphery of the transmission zone.

[0014] In some embodiments, the adjustment unit is a polygonal regular shape, an arc shape or a straight line shape, and the shape of the multi-segment adjustment structure formed by a plurality of the adjustment units is adapted to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective land.

[0015] In some embodiments, the grounding area and the plurality of adjustment units are sequentially connected from few to many according to the arrangement of the plurality of adjustment units, so as to obtain a coupling degree that varies in a gradient;

[0016] Alternatively, the transmission area and the plurality of adjustment units are connected in sequence from few to many according to the arrangement of the plurality of adjustment units, so as to obtain a coupling degree that varies in a gradient.

[0017] In some embodiments, the number of the multi-stage adjustment structures is one or more; when the number of the multi-stage adjustment structures is multiple, the multiple multi-stage adjustment structures are arranged in sequence along the direction from the transmission area to the grounding area, and a gap is formed between two adjacent multi-stage adjustment structures.

[0018] In some embodiments, the metal layer includes a plurality of the transmission areas, and a defective land is disposed at the periphery of each of the transmission areas; each of the defective lands is provided with the adjustment structure, or a portion of the defective lands are provided with the adjustment structure.

[0019] In some embodiments, the number of the transmission zones is three, namely a first transmission zone, a second transmission zone and a third transmission zone;

[0020] The first microstrip line includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line, the first transmission area is provided with metallized vias corresponding to the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line respectively, and the first transmission line and the second transmission line are connected to the first transmission area through the corresponding metallized vias;

[0021] The second microstrip line includes a first coupling line, a second coupling line and a third coupling line, the second transmission region is provided with metallized vias corresponding to the first coupling line and the second coupling line respectively, the first coupling line and the second coupling line are connected to the second transmission region through the corresponding metallized vias, the third transmission region is provided with metallized vias corresponding to the second coupling line and the third coupling line respectively, the second coupling line and the third coupling line are connected to the third transmission region through the corresponding metallized vias.

[0022] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for controlling the coupling degree of a bridge, which is used to control the bridge described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Making a bridge with an adjustment structure at a defective site, and testing the coupling degree of the bridge to obtain a measured value;

[0024] The measured value is compared with the theoretical required value. If the measured value deviates from the theoretical required value, the coupling degree of the bridge is adjusted according to the deviation by connecting the adjustment structure to one of the transmission area and the grounding area.

[0025] In some embodiments, before manufacturing the bridge having the defective adjustment structure, the method further includes:

[0026] According to theoretical requirements, the initial power ratio of the bridge is simulated and designed;

[0027] Simulate the defects of the metal layer of the bridge to adjust the form and quantity of the structure;

[0028] Determine the coupling control range and the gradient of coupling change control in different regions according to the simulation results;

[0029] If the coupling control range or gradient change does not meet the requirements, the number and form of the adjustment structure are changed to adapt to the required coupling control range and gradient change, and the target coupling and the nearby adjustable range are achieved through correction.

[0030] A third aspect of the present application provides an antenna, comprising the bridge as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this application has at least the following advantages:

[0032] The bridge, antenna and bridge coupling control method provided in the present application are provided with an adjustment structure on the defective ground of the metal layer of the bridge, and gaps are formed between the adjustment structure and the transmission area, and between the adjustment structure and the grounding area. In this way, after the bridge is actually formed, the ideal corresponding coupling control can be performed according to the test situation. Specifically, the coupling degree of the bridge can be simply and conveniently controlled by connecting the adjustment structure provided on the defective ground to one of the transmission area and the grounding area, thereby realizing the adjustment of the bridge power ratio. The structural design is simple, the production cost is low, the operability is strong, and the bridge defect time caused by design errors can be greatly reduced, while achieving higher directivity and better circuit indicators. Compared with the metal rod control mechanism in the related art, the design has high stability, has less impact on circuit indicators during the adjustment process, and can be conveniently applied to the design of the whole machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the bridge described in one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the bridge according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling area on the back side of the bridge (the adjustment structure in the figure adopts a rectangular adjustment ring);

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the bridge described in another embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling area on the back side of the bridge (the adjustment structure in the figure adopts a circular adjustment ring);

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 2 The standing wave simulation diagram of the bridge with the adjustment ring is shown;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 2 The coupled simulation diagram of the bridge with the adjustment loop is shown;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 2 A through simulation diagram of the bridge with an adjustment loop is shown;

[0043] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coupling region on the back side of the bridge according to an embodiment of the present application (the adjustment structure in the figure adopts a single-layer multi-stage adjustment structure);

[0044] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling region on the back side of a bridge according to another embodiment of the present application (the adjustment structure in the figure adopts a single-layer multi-stage adjustment structure);

[0045] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 The standing wave simulation diagram of the bridge with multi-stage adjustment structure is shown;

[0046] Fig.12 for Fig. 9 The coupled simulation diagram of the bridge with multi-stage adjustment structure is shown;

[0047] Fig.13 for Fig. 9 The straight-through simulation diagram of the bridge with a multi-stage adjustment structure is shown;

[0048] Fig.14 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of coupling degree adjustment of a bridge having a single-layer multi-stage adjustment structure (in the figure, multiple adjustment units are sequentially connected to the transmission area);

[0049] Fig.15 for Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a structure in which multiple adjustment units are connected to a transmission area;

[0050] Fig.16 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of coupling degree adjustment of a bridge having a single-layer multi-stage adjustment structure (in the diagram, multiple adjustment units are sequentially connected to the grounding area);

[0051] Fig.17 for Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a plurality of regulating units are connected to a grounding area;

[0052] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling region on the back side of the bridge according to an embodiment of the present application (the adjustment structure in the figure adopts a double-layer multi-stage adjustment structure);

[0053] Fig.19 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coupling region on the back side of the bridge according to another embodiment of the present application (the adjustment structure in the figure adopts a double-layer multi-stage adjustment structure);

[0054] Fig. 20 The figure is a flow chart of a method for controlling the coupling degree of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Among them, 10, bridge;

[0056] 100, dielectric substrate; 101, first surface; 102, second surface; 110, metal layer; 111, first transmission area; 112, second transmission area; 113, third transmission area;

[0057] 200, first microstrip line; 201, first port; 202, second port; 210, first transmission line; 220, second transmission line;

[0058] 300, second microstrip line; 301, third port; 302, fourth port; 310, first coupling line; 320, second coupling line; 330, third coupling line;

[0059] 400, coupling area; 401, transmission area; 402, defect ground; 403, grounding area;

[0060] 500, metallized vias;

[0061] 600, adjustment ring; 601, first adjustment unit; 602, second adjustment unit; 603, third adjustment unit; 604, fourth adjustment unit;

[0062] 700. Solder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the scheme of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0064] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application, but the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0065] The following is an exemplary description of the bridge, antenna and bridge coupling degree control method provided in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0066] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, some embodiments of the present application provide a bridge 10, including a dielectric substrate 100, the dielectric substrate 100 having a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 arranged opposite to each other, the first surface 101 is provided with a first microstrip line 200 and a second microstrip line 300, and the second surface 102 is provided with a metal layer 110.

[0067] The first surface 101 of the dielectric substrate 100 may also be referred to as the front surface of the dielectric substrate 100 , and the second surface 102 of the dielectric substrate 100 may also be referred to as the back surface of the dielectric substrate 100 .

[0068] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the metal layer 110 includes a transmission area 401, a defective ground 402 and a grounding area 403. The defective ground 402 is located at the periphery of the transmission area 401 and is arranged between the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403. The transmission area 401 is used for signal transmission and is functionally equivalent to a transmission line, and can also be called a microstrip line or a microstrip layer.

[0069] In a specific implementation, the defective ground 402 may be an area not covered by the metal layer 110 formed by removing a part of the metal layer 110, the transmission area 401 is located in the inner area of ​​the defective ground 402, or in other words, the defective ground 402 is located in the outer area of ​​the transmission area 401, the transmission area 401 may be the retained metal layer 110, and the grounding area 403 is located in the outer area of ​​the defective ground 402, and the grounding area 403 may also be the retained metal layer 110. In other words, the defective ground 402 may be formed by removing a part of the metal layer 110, the inner area of ​​the defective ground 402 retains a part of the metal layer 110 to form the transmission area 401, and the metal layer 110 in the outer area of ​​the defective ground 402 forms the grounding area 403.

[0070] In the specific implementation, refer to Figure 1As shown, a first port 201 may be provided at one end of the first microstrip line 200, and a second port 202 may be provided at the other end of the first microstrip line 200. One of the first port 201 and the second port 202 may be used as an input port, and the other may be used as a through port. A third port 301 may be provided at one end of the second microstrip line 300, and a fourth port 302 may be provided at the other end of the second microstrip line 300. One of the third port 301 and the fourth port 302 may be used as a coupling port, and the other may be used as an isolation port. The input port and the coupling port are located on the same side, and the through port and the isolation port are located on the same side.

[0071] Taking the first port 201 as the input port, the second port 202 as the through port, the third port 301 as the coupled port, and the fourth port 302 as the isolated port as an example, when a signal is input from the first port 201 (input port), in addition to being output to the second port 202 (through port), the signal is also output to the third port 301 and the fourth port 302 of the second microstrip line 300 through the electromagnetic coupling between the first microstrip line 200 and the second microstrip line 300.

[0072] In the specific implementation, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the metal layer 110 may include a plurality of transmission areas 401, the first microstrip line 200 may include at least two transmission lines, one end of two adjacent transmission lines close to each other may correspond to one of the transmission areas 401, and metallized vias 500 corresponding to the two adjacent transmission lines may be provided in the corresponding transmission area 401, the metallized vias 500 penetrate the transmission area 401 and the corresponding transmission line, so that the two adjacent transmission lines are connected to the corresponding transmission area 401 respectively through the metallized vias 500, and then the signal is transmitted in the first microstrip line 200 through the corresponding transmission area 401. Transmission on the microstrip line 200; the second microstrip line 300 may include at least two coupling lines, and one end of two adjacent coupling lines close to each other may correspond to one of the transmission areas 401, and metallized vias 500 corresponding to the two adjacent coupling lines may be provided in the corresponding transmission area 401, and the metallized vias 500 pass through the transmission area 401 and the corresponding coupling lines, so that the two adjacent coupling lines are connected to the corresponding transmission area 401 respectively through the metallized vias 500, and then the signal is transmitted on the second microstrip line 300 through the corresponding transmission area 401.

[0073] For example, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the back side of the bridge in the figure includes three transmission areas 401, namely a first transmission area 111, a second transmission area 112 and a third transmission area 113.

[0074] It is understandable that the bridge power ratio is the power ratio of the through port to the coupled port. After the size of the conventional bridge structure is determined, the power ratio of the through port to the coupled port is a fixed value, and the bridge coupling degree cannot be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. However, in the early stage of antenna design, it is necessary to verify multiple coupling bridges to optimize the radiation performance of the whole device, which requires repeated disassembly and verification, greatly increasing the R&D cost. In addition, the circuit errors caused by multiple disassembly and assembly have an adverse effect on the test consistency.

[0075] Based on this, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.18 and Fig.19 As shown, in the electric bridge provided by the embodiment of the present application, the defect ground 402 is provided with an adjustment structure, and gaps are formed between the adjustment structure and the transmission area 401 and between the adjustment structure and the grounding area 403, so as to adjust the coupling degree of the electric bridge by connecting the adjustment structure to one of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403.

[0076] It should be noted that Figure 3 for Figure 2 The partially enlarged structural diagram of the A portion of the back of the bridge is shown. The area indicated by the A portion is an area within a certain range around the defective ground 402, that is, the coupling area 400 on the back of the bridge. Figure 2 The back side of the bridge is shown to have three coupling regions 400 .

[0077] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure of the B portion on the back of the bridge is shown. The area indicated by the B portion is an area within a certain range around the defective ground 402, that is, the coupling area 400 on the back of the bridge. Figure 4 The back side of the bridge is shown to have three coupling regions 400 .

[0078] Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.18 and Fig.19 , which are schematic structural diagrams of the coupling region 400 on the back side of the bridge according to different embodiments.

[0079] In other words, the metal layer 110 on the back side of the dielectric substrate 100 may include a plurality of coupling regions 400 (one or more), the coupling region 400 including a transmission region 401, a defective ground 402 and a grounding region 403, the defective ground 402 is located at the periphery of the transmission region 401 and is arranged between the transmission region 401 and the grounding region 403. The defective ground 402 is provided with an adjustment structure, and gaps are formed between the adjustment structure and the transmission region 401 and between the adjustment structure and the grounding region 403, so as to adjust the coupling degree of the bridge by connecting the adjustment structure to one of the transmission region 401 and the grounding region 403.

[0080] In specific implementation, the adjustment structure can be a metal layer 110 reserved in a partial area of ​​the defective ground 402. That is to say, when manufacturing the bridge, the metal layer 110 in the defective ground 402 area may not be completely removed, but the metal layer 110 in the partial area of ​​the defective ground 402 may be retained to form the adjustment structure, and gaps are formed between the adjustment structure and the transmission area 401, and between the adjustment structure and the grounding area 403. In this way, when the adjustment structure is not connected to any of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, the bridge coupling degree will not be changed; when the bridge coupling degree needs to be adjusted, the adjustment structure is connected to one of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, and the connection can be realized by welding or other connection methods, so that the shape and size of the defective ground 402 area can be changed, thereby changing the bridge coupling degree, realizing the adjustment of the bridge coupling degree, and achieving the actual required bridge power ratio.

[0081] It should be noted that when the adjustment structure is connected to the transmission area 401, the changes in the shape and size of the defective ground 402 area are different from those when the adjustment structure is connected to the grounding area 403, thereby achieving different adjustments to the bridge coupling degree.

[0082] For example, before manufacturing the bridge, the variation in the coupling degree of the bridge connecting different regions can be simulated to determine which of the transmission region 401 and the grounding region 403 the adjustment structure is connected to will increase the coupling degree of the bridge, and which of the transmission region 401 and the grounding region 403 the adjustment structure is connected to will decrease the coupling degree of the bridge. Thus, based on the relationship between the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree and the theoretical required value, it can be determined which of the transmission region 401 and the grounding region 403 the adjustment structure is connected to, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating the coupling degree of the bridge according to the actual coupling degree requirements.

[0083] In the specific implementation, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the adjustment structure may include an adjustment ring 600, that is, a ring-shaped adjustment structure. The adjustment ring 600 may be arranged around the periphery of the transmission area 401. The adjustment ring 600 may be connected to the transmission area 401 inside the adjustment ring 600 according to the coupling degree requirement, or the adjustment ring 600 may be connected to the grounding area 403 outside the adjustment ring 600 according to the coupling degree requirement; or the adjustment ring 600 may be kept disconnected from both the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403 according to the coupling degree requirement.

[0084] In addition, refer to Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.18 and Fig.19 As shown, the adjustment structure may also include a multi-stage adjustment structure, which includes a plurality of adjustment units, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the transmission area 401 at the periphery of the transmission area 401; one or more of the plurality of adjustment units may be connected to the transmission area 401 inside the adjustment ring 600 according to the coupling degree requirement, or one or more of the plurality of adjustment units may be connected to the grounding area 403 outside the adjustment ring 600 according to the coupling degree requirement; and the plurality of adjustment units may be kept disconnected from both the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403 according to the coupling degree requirement. Compared with the adjustment of the adjustment ring 600, the use of the multi-stage adjustment structure can refine the gradient adjustment of the bridge coupling degree, making the regulation of the bridge coupling degree more accurate and convenient.

[0085] The bridge 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with an adjustment structure on the defect ground 402 of the metal layer 110 of the bridge 10, and gaps are formed between the adjustment structure and the transmission area 401, and between the adjustment structure and the grounding area 403. In this way, after the bridge is actually formed, the ideal corresponding coupling degree can be adjusted according to the test situation. Specifically, the coupling degree of the bridge can be simply and conveniently adjusted by connecting the adjustment structure provided on the defect ground 402 to one of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, thereby realizing the adjustment of the power ratio of the bridge. The structure design is simple, the production cost is low, the operability is strong, and the bridge defect time caused by design errors can be greatly reduced. At the same time, higher directivity and better circuit indicators can be achieved. Compared with the metal rod adjustment mechanism in the related art, the design stability is high, the circuit indicators are less affected during the adjustment process, and it can be conveniently applied to the design of the whole machine.

[0086] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjustment structure includes an adjustment ring 600 , that is, a ring-shaped adjustment structure, and the adjustment ring 600 is arranged around the transmission area 401 .

[0087] In a specific implementation, the shape of the adjustment ring 600 can be adapted to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective land 402. In other words, the shape of the adjustment ring 600 is adapted to the shape of the outer contour of the transmission area 401.

[0088] For example, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer contour of the transmission area 401 is a rectangle, the boundary contour of the defective ground 402 is a rectangle, and the adjustment ring 600 is also a rectangle. A gap is formed between the inner edge of the adjustment ring 600 and the outer contour of the transmission area 401, and a gap is formed between the outer edge of the adjustment ring 600 and the inner contour of the grounding area 403. In this way, when the adjustment ring 600 is not connected to any of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, the bridge coupling degree will not be changed.

[0089] For example, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer contour of the transmission area 401 is circular, the boundary contour of the defective ground 402 is circular, and the adjustment ring 600 is also circular. A gap is formed between the inner edge of the adjustment ring 600 and the outer contour of the transmission area 401, and a gap is formed between the outer edge of the adjustment ring 600 and the inner contour of the grounding area 403. In this way, when the adjustment ring 600 is not connected to any of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, the bridge coupling degree will not be changed.

[0090] Of course, in a specific implementation, the shape of the adjustment ring 600 is not limited to being rectangular or circular, and may also be other shapes such as polygonal, and the shape of the adjustment ring 600 is adapted to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective ground 402 .

[0091] In a specific implementation, the gap width between the adjustment ring 600 and the transmission area 401, and the gap width between the adjustment ring 600 and the grounding area 403 should be consistent with the actual spacing for convenient connection, including but not limited to 0.2mm to 0.8mm; the width of the adjustment ring 600 can also be reasonably set according to actual conditions, including but not limited to 0.2mm to 0.8mm. Exemplarily, the width of the adjustment ring 600, the gap width between the adjustment ring 600 and the transmission area 401, and the gap width between the adjustment ring 600 and the grounding area 403 can all be 0.3mm.

[0092] In a specific implementation, when the bridge coupling degree needs to be adjusted, by connecting the adjustment ring 600 to the transmission area 401, or connecting the adjustment ring 600 to the grounding area 403, the shape and size of the defective ground 402 area can be changed, thereby changing the bridge coupling degree and further adjusting the bridge power ratio.

[0093] In addition, the bridge coupling degree can be simulated before the bridge is manufactured to determine which of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403 the adjustment ring 600 is connected to will increase the bridge coupling degree, and which of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403 the adjustment ring 600 is connected to will reduce the bridge coupling degree.

[0094] Reference Figures 6 to 8 As shown, they are respectively standing wave, coupling, and direct-through simulation diagrams of the bridge 10 with the adjustment ring 600. The S1 curve in the figure represents the curve when the adjustment ring 600 is not connected to the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, the S2 curve represents the curve when the adjustment ring 600 is connected to the transmission area 401, and the S3 curve represents the curve when the adjustment ring 600 is connected to the grounding area 403.

[0095] Reference Figure 6 As shown in the standing wave simulation diagram, the maximum values ​​of the corresponding standing waves in the above three states are all less than 1.25, which shows that after the adjustment ring 600 is connected to one of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, it still maintains good circuit indicators.

[0096] Reference Figure 7 The coupled simulation diagram shown, and Figure 8 As shown in the through simulation diagram, connecting the adjustment ring 600 to the transmission region 401 will increase the bridge coupling degree, and connecting the adjustment ring 600 to the ground region 403 will reduce the bridge coupling degree.

[0097] Based on this, when the adjustment ring 600 is not connected to both the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, when the actual measured value of the bridge coupling is less than the theoretical required value, the bridge coupling can be increased by connecting the adjustment ring 600 to the transmission area 401; when the actual measured value of the bridge coupling is greater than the theoretical required value, the bridge coupling can be reduced by connecting the adjustment ring 600 to the grounding area 403; if the actual measured value of the bridge coupling is equal to the theoretical required value, or falls within the range of the theoretical required value, the adjustment ring 600 is kept not connected to both the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, and the bridge coupling is not changed; in this way, the bridge coupling can be adjusted simply and conveniently, so that the actual measured value of the bridge coupling is close to or equal to the theoretical required value.

[0098] In a specific implementation, the number of the adjustment rings 600 is not limited to one, and may be two, three or more. When the number of the adjustment ring 600 is one, the adjustment ring 600 may be connected to the transmission area 401 located inside the adjustment ring 600, or may be connected to the grounding area 403 located outside the adjustment ring 600, so that different power ratios may be obtained to meet the actual required coupling degree.

[0099] When there are multiple adjustment rings 600, the multiple adjustment rings 600 are sequentially arranged in the direction from the transmission area 401 to the grounding area 403, that is, the multiple adjustment rings 600 are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside, and a gap is formed between two adjacent adjustment rings 600. In this way, by gradually connecting the outermost adjustment ring 600 and the grounding area 403, or gradually connecting the innermost adjustment ring 600 and the transmission area 401, a power ratio with a gradually changing coupling degree can be obtained, thereby meeting the needs of more gradient coupling degree adjustment.

[0100] In a specific implementation, according to the magnitude relationship between the measured bridge coupling value and the theoretical required value, the grounding region 403 and the plurality of adjustment rings 600 may be connected in sequence in the direction from the grounding region 403 to the innermost adjustment ring 600, that is, the grounding region 403 and the outermost adjustment ring 600, the outermost adjustment ring 600 and the second outermost adjustment ring 600, ..., the second innermost adjustment ring 600 and the innermost adjustment ring 600 may be connected in sequence to obtain a coupling degree that changes in a gradient. It should be noted that, for each connection of a layer of adjustment rings 600, the measured bridge coupling value and the theoretical required value may be compared, and when the two are close to or equal, the adjustment of the bridge coupling degree is stopped.

[0101] In a specific implementation, according to the magnitude relationship between the bridge coupling degree measured value and the theoretical required value, the transmission area 401 and the plurality of adjustment rings 600 may be sequentially connected in the direction from the transmission area 401 to the outermost adjustment ring 600, that is, the transmission area 401 and the innermost adjustment ring 600, the innermost adjustment ring 600 and the sub-inner adjustment ring 600, ..., the sub-outer adjustment ring 600 and the outermost adjustment ring 600 may be sequentially connected to obtain a coupling degree that changes in a gradient. It should be noted that, for each connection of a layer of adjustment rings 600, the bridge coupling degree measured value and the theoretical required value may be compared, and when the two are close to or equal, the adjustment of the bridge coupling degree is stopped.

[0102] In a specific implementation, when there are multiple adjustment rings 600, the gap width between two adjacent adjustment rings 600, the gap width between the innermost adjustment ring 600 and the transmission area 401, and the gap width between the outermost adjustment ring 600 and the grounding area 403 should be consistent with the actual spacing for convenient connection, including but not limited to 0.2mm to 0.8mm; the width of the adjustment ring 600 can also be reasonably set according to actual conditions, including but not limited to 0.2mm to 0.8mm. For example, the width of the adjustment ring 600, the gap width between two adjacent adjustment rings 600, the gap width between the innermost adjustment ring 600 and the transmission area 401, and the gap width between the outermost adjustment ring 600 and the grounding area 403 can all be 0.3mm.

[0103] In some embodiments, reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, the adjustment structure includes a multi-stage adjustment structure, and the multi-stage adjustment structure includes a plurality of adjustment units, and the plurality of adjustment units are arranged at intervals on the periphery of the transmission area 401 along the circumferential direction of the transmission area 401.

[0104] For example, refer to Fig. 9 As shown, the multi-stage adjustment structure includes four adjustment units, namely a first adjustment unit 601 , a second adjustment unit 602 , a third adjustment unit 603 and a fourth adjustment unit 604 . The four adjustment units are arranged at intervals on the periphery of the transmission area 401 along the circumference of the transmission area 401 .

[0105] For example, refer to Fig.10 As shown, the multi-stage adjustment structure includes three adjustment units, namely a first adjustment unit 601 , a second adjustment unit 602 and a third adjustment unit 603 . The three adjustment units are arranged at intervals on the periphery of the transmission area 401 along the circumference of the transmission area 401 .

[0106] That is to say, the adjustment structure is not limited to a closed ring adjustment structure, but can also be a multi-stage adjustment structure, which includes multiple adjustment units. In this way, one or more of the multiple adjustment units can be connected to the transmission area 401 inside the adjustment ring 600 according to the coupling degree requirements, or one or more of the multiple adjustment units can be connected to the grounding area 403 outside the adjustment ring 600 according to the coupling degree requirements; it is also possible to keep the multiple adjustment units disconnected from both the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403 according to the coupling degree requirements. Compared with the adjustment of the adjustment ring 600, the use of a multi-stage adjustment structure can refine the gradient adjustment of the bridge coupling degree, making the regulation of the bridge coupling degree more accurate and convenient.

[0107] In a specific implementation, a gap is formed between each adjustment unit and the transmission area 401, and between each adjustment unit and the grounding area 403. In this way, when the adjustment unit is not connected to the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, the bridge coupling degree will not be changed.

[0108] In a specific implementation, the shape of the multi-stage adjustment structure formed by the multiple adjustment units can be adapted to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective area 402. In other words, the shape of the multi-stage adjustment structure formed by the multiple adjustment units is adapted to the shape of the outer contour of the transmission area 401. In other words, multiple adjustment units are arranged in the defective area 402 according to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective area 402 (or the shape of the outer contour of the transmission area 401).

[0109] For example, refer to Figure 8 As shown, the outer contour of the transmission area 401 is a rectangle, the boundary contour of the defective land 402 is a rectangle, and the plurality of adjustment units are respectively arranged in right angles at the four corners of the outer periphery of the transmission area 401 .

[0110] For example, refer to Fig. 9 As shown, the outer contour of the transmission area 401 is a polygon (eg, a hexagon), the boundary contour of the defective land 402 is a polygon, and the plurality of adjustment units are straight lines arranged on the periphery of several sides (three sides spaced apart) of the transmission area 401 .

[0111] Exemplarily, the outer contour of the transmission area 401 is circular, the boundary contour of the defective land 402 is circular, and the plurality of adjustment units are arc-shaped and arranged at intervals on the periphery of the transmission area 401 .

[0112] Of course, in a specific implementation, the shapes of the multiple adjustment units are not limited to right angles, arcs or straight lines, but may also be other shapes such as other polygonal regular figures, and the shape of the multi-segment adjustment structure formed by the multiple adjustment units is adapted to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective ground 402.

[0113] In a specific implementation, the multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure should be kept consistent with the inner and outer boundary contours of the defect ground 402 as much as possible, so as to facilitate the stability of circuit indicators and the gradient control of coupling degree. Specifically, the multi-stage adjustment structure can be an axisymmetric shape as a whole.

[0114] In a specific implementation, when the bridge coupling degree needs to be adjusted, the shape and size of the defect ground 402 area can be changed by connecting one or more of the multiple adjustment units to the transmission area 401, or connecting one or more of the multiple adjustment units to the grounding area 403, thereby changing the bridge coupling degree and adjusting the bridge power ratio. In addition, the grounding area 403 and the multiple adjustment units are connected in sequence from small to large, or the transmission area 401 and the multiple adjustment units are connected in sequence from small to large, thereby obtaining a power ratio with a gradually changing coupling degree, thereby meeting the needs of more gradient coupling degree adjustment.

[0115] In addition, the coupling degree of the bridge can be simulated before the bridge is manufactured to determine which of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403 the multi-stage adjustment structure is connected to will increase the coupling degree of the bridge, and which of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403 the multi-stage adjustment structure is connected to will reduce the coupling degree of the bridge; and the gradient of the change in the coupling degree of the bridge can be determined through simulation.

[0116] Reference Figures 11 to 13 As shown, there are standing wave, coupling, and direct-through simulation diagrams of the bridge 10 with a multi-stage adjustment structure, respectively. The S1 curve in the figure represents the curve when the multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure are not connected to the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, the S2 curve represents the curve when the multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure are all connected to the transmission area 401, and the S3 curve represents the curve when the multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure are all connected to the grounding area 403.

[0117] Reference Fig.11 As shown in the standing wave simulation diagram, the maximum values ​​of the corresponding standing waves in the above three states are all less than 1.25, which shows that after the multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure are connected to one of the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, they still maintain good circuit indicators.

[0118] Reference Fig.12 The coupled simulation diagram shown, and Fig.13 As shown in the through simulation diagram, connecting the multi-stage adjustment structure with the transmission area 401 will increase the bridge coupling within a certain frequency range, and connecting the multi-stage adjustment structure with the grounding area 403 will reduce the bridge coupling within a certain frequency range.

[0119] Based on this, when the multi-stage adjustment structure is not connected to both the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, when the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree is less than the theoretical required value, the bridge coupling degree can be gradually increased by gradually connecting the multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure to the transmission area 401; when the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree is greater than the theoretical required value, the bridge coupling degree can be gradually reduced by gradually connecting the multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure to the grounding area 403; if the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree is equal to the theoretical required value, or falls within the range of the theoretical required value, the multi-stage adjustment structure is kept disconnected from both the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403, and the bridge coupling degree is not changed; in this way, the bridge coupling degree can be adjusted simply and conveniently, so that the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree is close to or equal to the theoretical required value.

[0120] In a specific implementation, the transmission area 401 and the multiple adjustment units may be connected in sequence from few to many according to the arrangement of the multiple adjustment units, so as to obtain a coupling degree that varies in a gradient.

[0121] For example, refer to Fig.14 As shown, the multi-stage adjustment structure includes four adjustment units, namely, the first adjustment unit 601, the second adjustment unit 602, the third adjustment unit 603 and the fourth adjustment unit 604, and the four adjustment units are sequentially arranged in the peripheral area of ​​the transmission area 401. In the initial state, the four adjustment units are not connected to the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403. According to the magnitude relationship between the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree and the theoretical required value, the fourth adjustment unit 604 can be connected to the transmission area 401 first, and the magnitude relationship between the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree and the theoretical required value can be compared; if the needs are not met, the third adjustment unit 603 can be connected to the transmission area 401; if the needs are still not met, the second adjustment unit 602 can be connected to the transmission area 401; if the needs are still not met, the first adjustment unit 601 can be connected to the transmission area 401, until the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree meets the design needs of the theoretical required value.

[0122] Reference Fig.15 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure after four adjustment units are connected to the transmission area 401. In a specific implementation, the adjustment unit can be connected to the transmission area 401 by welding, for example, the adjustment unit is connected to the transmission area 401 by solder 700.

[0123] It should be understood that the connection sequence of the multiple adjustment units and the transmission area 401 is not limited to the above definition and can be reasonably adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0124] In a specific implementation, the grounding area 403 and the multiple adjustment units may be connected in sequence from few to many according to the arrangement of the multiple adjustment units to obtain a coupling degree that varies in a gradient.

[0125] For example, refer to Fig.16 As shown, the multi-stage adjustment structure includes four adjustment units, namely, the first adjustment unit 601, the second adjustment unit 602, the third adjustment unit 603 and the fourth adjustment unit 604, and the four adjustment units are sequentially arranged in the peripheral area of ​​the transmission area 401. In the initial state, the four adjustment units are not connected to the transmission area 401 and the grounding area 403. According to the magnitude relationship between the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree and the theoretical required value, the fourth adjustment unit 604 can be connected to the grounding area 403 first, and the magnitude relationship between the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree and the theoretical required value can be compared; if the requirements are not met, the third adjustment unit 603 can be connected to the grounding area 403; if the requirements are still not met, the second adjustment unit 602 can be connected to the grounding area 403; if the requirements are still not met, the first adjustment unit 601 can be connected to the grounding area 403, until the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree meets the design requirements of the theoretical required value.

[0126] Reference Fig.17 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure after four adjustment units are connected to the grounding area 403. In a specific implementation, the adjustment unit can be connected to the grounding area 403 by welding, for example, the adjustment unit is connected to the grounding area 403 by solder 700.

[0127] It should be understood that the connection sequence of the multiple adjustment units and the grounding area 403 is not limited to the above definition and can be reasonably adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0128] Of course, in a specific implementation, when the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree is less than the theoretical required value, the bridge coupling degree can be increased by connecting multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure to the transmission area 401 at the same time; when the actual measured value of the bridge coupling degree is greater than the theoretical required value, the bridge coupling degree can be reduced by connecting multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure to the grounding area 403 at the same time.

[0129] In a specific implementation, the number of the multi-stage adjustment structure is not limited to one, and may be two, three or more. When the number of the multi-stage adjustment structure is one, the multiple adjustment units of the multi-stage adjustment structure may be gradually connected to the transmission area 401, or may be gradually connected to the grounding area 403, so that power ratios of different gradients may be obtained to meet the actual required coupling degree.

[0130] When there are multiple multi-segment adjustment structures, the multiple multi-segment adjustment structures are sequentially arranged along the direction from the transmission area 401 to the grounding area 403, that is, the multiple multi-segment adjustment structures are sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside, and a gap is formed between two adjacent multi-segment adjustment structures. In this way, by gradually connecting the multiple adjustment units of the outermost multi-segment adjustment structure and the grounding area 403, or gradually connecting the multiple adjustment units of the innermost multi-segment adjustment structure and the transmission area 401, more power ratios with gradient coupling degrees can be obtained, thereby meeting more gradient coupling degree adjustment needs.

[0131] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the metal layer 110 includes a plurality of transmission areas 401, and a defective ground 402 is disposed at the periphery of each transmission area 401; each defective ground 402 is provided with an adjustment structure, or a part of the defective ground 402 is provided with an adjustment structure. In other words, the adjustment structure can be provided on a part of the defective ground 402 or all of the defective ground 402 of the metal layer 110 according to actual needs.

[0132] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, there are three transmission areas 401 , namely a first transmission area 111 , a second transmission area 112 and a third transmission area 113 . The three transmission areas 401 are functionally equivalent to transmission lines.

[0133] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the first microstrip line 200 includes a first transmission line 210 and a second transmission line 220, and the first transmission area 111 forms a transmission line connecting the first transmission line 210 and the second transmission line 220. The first transmission area 111 is provided with metallized vias 500 corresponding to the first transmission line 210 and the second transmission line 220, respectively, and the first transmission line 210 and the second transmission line 220 are connected to the first transmission area 111 through the corresponding metallized vias 500.

[0134] Reference Figure 1As shown, the second microstrip line 300 includes a first coupling line 310, a second coupling line 320 and a third coupling line 330, the second transmission area 112 forms a transmission line connecting the first coupling line 310 and the second coupling line 320, the second transmission area 112 is provided with metallized vias 500 corresponding to the first coupling line 310 and the second coupling line 320 respectively, and the first coupling line 310 and the second coupling line 320 are connected to the second transmission area 112 through the corresponding metallized vias 500; the third transmission area 113 forms a transmission line connecting the second coupling line 320 and the third coupling line 330, the third transmission area 113 is provided with metallized vias 500 corresponding to the second coupling line 320 and the third coupling line 330 respectively, and the second coupling line 320 and the third coupling line 330 are connected to the third transmission area 113 through the corresponding metallized vias 500.

[0135] With such configuration, signal transmission is achieved through the first transmission area 111 , the second transmission area 112 and the third transmission area 113 .

[0136] It should be noted that the number of transmission areas 401 , and the specific structures and layouts of the first coupling lines 310 and the second coupling lines 320 are not limited to the above-mentioned limitations and can be reasonably set according to actual needs.

[0137] Some other embodiments of the present application provide a method for controlling the coupling degree of a bridge, which is used to control the bridge of any of the above embodiments, and includes the following steps:

[0138] S11, manufacturing a bridge with an adjustment structure at a defective site, and testing the coupling degree of the bridge to obtain a measured value;

[0139] S12, comparing the measured value with the theoretical required value, if the measured value deviates from the theoretical required value, adjusting the coupling degree of the bridge by connecting the adjustment structure to one of the transmission area and the grounding area according to the deviation.

[0140] For example, if the measured value is too small, the bridge coupling degree can be increased by connecting the adjustment structure with the transmission area; if the measured value is too large, the bridge coupling degree can be reduced by connecting the adjustment structure with the grounding area.

[0141] Of course, in specific implementations, due to the different shapes of the transmission area and the defective ground, there is a situation where the bridge coupling degree is reduced when the adjustment structure is connected to the transmission area, and correspondingly, the bridge coupling degree is increased when the adjustment structure is connected to the grounding area.

[0142] The method for controlling the coupling degree of a bridge provided in the embodiment of the present application can control the coupling degree to an ideal value according to the test conditions after the bridge is actually formed. Specifically, the coupling degree of the bridge can be simply and conveniently controlled by connecting the adjustment structure provided in the defective area to one of the transmission area and the grounding area, thereby realizing the adjustment of the power ratio of the bridge. The method has strong operability and can significantly reduce the defective time of the bridge caused by design errors, while achieving higher directivity and better circuit indicators. Compared with the metal rod control mechanism in the related art, the method has high design stability and has less influence on the circuit indicators during the adjustment process, and can be conveniently applied to the design of the whole machine.

[0143] In addition, before manufacturing a bridge having an adjustment structure, the coupling degree of the bridge can be simulated to provide a reference for actual adjustment.

[0144] In some embodiments, reference Fig. 20 As shown, the bridge coupling degree control method includes the following steps:

[0145] S1, simulate and design the initial power ratio of the bridge according to theoretical requirements;

[0146] S2, simulating and designing the form and quantity of the adjustment structure in the defect area of ​​the metal layer of the bridge;

[0147] S3, determining the coupling degree control range and the gradient of coupling degree change control connecting different regions according to the simulation results;

[0148] S4, if the coupling control range or gradient change does not meet the requirements, the number and form of the adjustment structure are changed to adapt to the required coupling control range and gradient change, and the target coupling and the nearby adjustable range are achieved through correction;

[0149] S5, manufacturing a bridge (sample) with an adjustment structure at a defective site, and testing the coupling degree of the bridge to obtain a measured value;

[0150] S6, comparing the measured value with the theoretical required value;

[0151] S7, if the measured value is too small, the connection form and quantity are determined according to the simulation gradient, and the adjustment structure and the transmission area are connected in sequence to increase the bridge coupling degree;

[0152] S8, if the measured value is too large, the connection form and quantity are determined according to the simulation gradient, and the adjustment structure and the grounding area are connected in sequence to reduce the bridge coupling degree;

[0153] S9, modify the bridge design according to the bridge test results and manufacture a bridge that meets actual needs.

[0154] Still other embodiments of the present application provide an antenna comprising a bridge as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0155] The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the electric bridge described in any of the above embodiments, and thus has the beneficial effects of the electric bridge described in any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0156] In summary, the bridge provided by the present application, by setting an adjustment structure in the defective ground of the metal layer, and by connecting the adjustment structure to one of the transmission area and the grounding area, the shape and size of the coupling area can be adjusted, so as to achieve real-time adjustment of the power ratio of the bridge according to actual needs, while achieving higher directivity and better circuit indicators. Moreover, the structural design is simple, the production cost is low, the operability is strong, and the defect time of the bridge caused by design errors can be greatly reduced. In addition, compared with the metal rod adjustment mechanism in the related art, the present application adopts an adjustment structure to adjust the coupling degree of the bridge, the design stability is high, and the circuit indicators are less affected during the adjustment process, and it can be easily applied to the overall machine design.

[0157] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0158] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A bridge, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein the dielectric substrate has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, the first surface is provided with a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line, the second surface is provided with a metal layer, the metal layer comprises a transmission area, a defective ground and a grounding area, the transmission area is used for signal transmission, the defective ground is located at the periphery of the transmission area and is arranged between the transmission area and the grounding area; The defective ground is provided with an adjustment structure, and gaps are formed between the adjustment structure and the transmission area and between the adjustment structure and the grounding area, so as to adjust the coupling degree of the bridge by connecting the adjustment structure to one of the transmission area and the grounding area.

2. The bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment structure includes an adjustment ring, which is arranged around the transmission area.

3. The bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment ring is rectangular, circular or polygonal, and the shape of the adjustment ring is adapted to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective land.

4. The bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the adjustment rings is one or more; when the number of the adjustment rings is more than one, the multiple adjustment rings are arranged in sequence along the direction from the transmission area to the grounding area, and a gap is formed between two adjacent adjustment rings.

5. The bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are multiple adjustment rings, and the grounding area and the multiple adjustment rings are connected in sequence in a direction from the grounding area to the innermost adjustment ring to obtain a coupling degree that changes in a gradient; Alternatively, there are multiple adjustment rings, and the transmission area and the multiple adjustment rings are connected in sequence in a direction from the transmission area to the outermost adjustment ring to obtain a coupling degree that varies in a gradient.

6. The bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The width of the adjustment ring, the gap width between the adjustment ring and the transmission area, the gap width between the adjustment ring and the grounding area, and the gap width between two adjacent adjustment rings are all within the range of 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm.

7. The bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating structure comprises a multi-stage regulating structure, and the multi-stage regulating structure comprises a plurality of regulating units, and the plurality of regulating units are arranged at intervals on the periphery of the transmission area along the circumference of the transmission area.

8. The bridge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment unit is in the shape of a polygonal regular shape, an arc shape or a straight line shape, and the shape of the multi-segment adjustment structure formed by a plurality of the adjustment units is adapted to the shape of the boundary contour of the defective land.

9. The bridge according to claim 7, characterized in that: Connecting the grounding area and the plurality of adjustment units in sequence from small to large according to the arrangement of the plurality of adjustment units, so as to obtain a coupling degree that varies in a gradient; Alternatively, the transmission area and the plurality of adjustment units are connected in sequence from few to many according to the arrangement of the plurality of adjustment units, so as to obtain a coupling degree that varies in a gradient.

10. The bridge according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the multi-stage adjustment structures is one or more; when the number of the multi-stage adjustment structures is multiple, the multiple multi-stage adjustment structures are arranged in sequence along the direction from the transmission area to the grounding area, and a gap is formed between two adjacent multi-stage adjustment structures.

11. The bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The metal layer includes a plurality of the transmission areas, and a defective land is disposed at the periphery of each of the transmission areas; each of the defective lands is disposed with the adjustment structure, or a part of the defective lands is disposed with the adjustment structure.

12. The bridge according to claim 11, characterized in that The number of the transmission areas is three, namely a first transmission area, a second transmission area and a third transmission area; The first microstrip line includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line, the first transmission area is provided with metallized vias corresponding to the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line respectively, and the first transmission line and the second transmission line are connected to the first transmission area through the corresponding metallized vias; The second microstrip line includes a first coupling line, a second coupling line and a third coupling line, the second transmission region is provided with metallized vias corresponding to the first coupling line and the second coupling line respectively, the first coupling line and the second coupling line are connected to the second transmission region through the corresponding metallized vias, the third transmission region is provided with metallized vias corresponding to the second coupling line and the third coupling line respectively, the second coupling line and the third coupling line are connected to the third transmission region through the corresponding metallized vias.

13. A method for controlling bridge coupling, characterized in that: Used to control the bridge according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the following steps: Making a bridge with an adjustment structure at a defective site, and testing the coupling degree of the bridge to obtain a measured value; The measured value is compared with the theoretical required value. If the measured value deviates from the theoretical required value, the coupling degree of the bridge is adjusted according to the deviation by connecting the adjustment structure to one of the transmission area and the grounding area.

14. The bridge coupling degree control method according to claim 13, characterized in that: Before manufacturing the bridge with the adjustment structure, the method further includes: According to theoretical requirements, the initial power ratio of the bridge is simulated and designed; Simulate the defects of the metal layer of the bridge to adjust the form and quantity of the structure; Determine the coupling control range and the gradient of coupling change control in different regions according to the simulation results; If the coupling control range or gradient change does not meet the requirements, the number and form of the adjustment structure are changed to adapt to the required coupling control range and gradient change, and the target coupling and the nearby adjustable range are achieved through correction.

15. An antenna, characterized in that: Comprising the bridge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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