Cherry tomato planting method

Abstract

The cherry tomato planting method comprises a step of pruning branches with double stems so as to obtain two main branches, and is characterized by further comprising a step of repeatedly pinching and thinning buds on the main branches when inflorescence of a second spike is obviously visible, and specifically, the first spike inflorescence and the second spike inflorescence are obviously visible. When two inflorescences grow on the main branch and the length of the inflorescence of the next inflorescence is more than 3cm or three buds exist on the main branch, performing terminal bud pinching treatment on a new shoot which normally grows on the inflorescence of the next inflorescence, meanwhile, reserving axillary buds of adjacent leaves under the inflorescence of the next inflorescence as extension branches of the main branch for culture, and thinning all the rest axillary buds. In the step of repeated pinching and bud thinning, pinching is carried out every two ear inflorescences, so that the ear length and the fruit setting rate of a main branch from the first ear inflorescence to the last ear inflorescence are gradually increased, and the fruit setting rate and the yield of cherry tomato plants are effectively improved; the inflorescence is treated every two spikes, so that the inflorescence stretching, flowering and fruit setting capacities are guaranteed to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the moderate growth vigor of the plants is well coordinated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular relates to a planting method for cherry tomatoes. Background Art

[0002] Cherry tomatoes, commonly known as small tomatoes, are an economic crop of the same genus of vegetables and fruits with high nutritional value. Compared with ordinary tomatoes, their growth and development requirements are different, and the application of corresponding fertilizers and planting methods are also different. Based on this, a control method for cherry tomato planting with automatic control parameters has emerged, such as the Chinese patent application with patent number 202310496876.9, which discloses 4 steps, step 1: sowing, raising seedlings, and dividing seedlings; step 2: planting; step 3: growth and fertilization; step 4: thinning flowers and protecting fruits; among them, in step 2, it is mentioned that the spacing and planting density of the grown seedlings must be kept within the preset values. Therefore, the existing traditional tomato cultivation technology adopts a large row spacing and small plant spacing planting method for cultivation. The large row spacing facilitates workers to enter and exit for plant pruning, leaf removal, picking and other operations.

[0003] The growth types of tomatoes are divided into finite-growth varieties and indefinite-growth varieties. At present, the cultivation technology adopts the single-pole or double-pole pruning technology in tomato cultivation for artificial intervention. For details, please refer to the Chinese invention patent application with application number CN201310412813.7. For the finite-growth varieties, the pruning method is: always retaining two strong side branches on the upper part of the plant to make it grow upward. The disadvantages of this operation method are: the fruiting part moves up quickly, the lower inflorescence is not easy to fruit and is easy to form a gap. At the same height, there are relatively few fruit ears, so the yield is low. At the same time, retaining two strong side branches on the upper side will affect the light transmittance and reverse-assist apical dominance, that is, the use of a single-pole upright is prone to uncontrollable problems of unbalanced nutrient distribution between the upper and lower parts; and conventional double-pole pruning is performed for indefinite-growth varieties. The method is generally to retain the first side bud between the top bud and the axil of the lower leaf of the first ear flower, and the remaining side buds are removed when they are young.

[0004] However, in the actual cultivation process, in addition to considering the above-mentioned planting spacing adjustment, single-pole or double-pole pruning technology, the current conventional cultivation in China generally has the problem of difficulty in fruit setting, especially the first and second ears have few or difficult fruit set, and even the whole ear often falls off naturally, which ultimately affects the overall yield. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is a planting method for cherry tomatoes, which promotes reproductive growth through artificial intervention to weaken vegetative growth, thereby effectively improving the fruit setting rate of the first and second ears and increasing the yield per plant.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: the planting method of cherry tomatoes includes the step of "Y" double-pole pruning to obtain two main branches, and is characterized in that: it also includes the step of repeatedly pinching and thinning buds every two inflorescences. Specifically, when two inflorescences grow on the main branch and the length of the latter inflorescence is more than 3 cm or there are 3 flower buds, the normally growing new shoots on the latter inflorescence are pinched for the top buds, and at the same time, the axillary buds of the adjacent leaves under the latter inflorescence are retained as extension branches for cultivation of the main branches, and all other axillary buds are thinned out.

[0007] In order to maximize the fruit setting rate and yield of a single cherry tomato plant, the specific operation of the "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning includes: taking the main trunk of the cherry tomato plant as the first main branch, and when the second spike inflorescence of the first main branch of the cherry tomato plant after planting is clearly visible, selecting a strong secondary branch under the first spike inflorescence as the second main branch for cultivation, and removing all other secondary branches. The "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning can divide the nutrients absorbed by the root system and transported upward into two, so as to slow down the vigorous growth of the plant, while slowing down the growth potential, more nutrients are supplied and the first and second spike inflorescences are promoted to lengthen, bloom and set fruits.

[0008] The pruning time of "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning can be preset to when the first main branch grows the first spike inflorescence, the second spike inflorescence, the third spike inflorescence or even later.

[0009] Among them, the experiment found that if "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning is carried out when the first spike of inflorescence is clearly visible, the inflorescences have not yet grown on the other side branches at this time, that is, there is only one spike of inflorescence on the two main branches, and the growth potential cannot be effectively weakened through reproductive growth, resulting in the growth potential still being relatively vigorous; it is just a simple head-changing operation, although it has an auxiliary effect on the stretching, flowering and fruit setting of the inflorescence, but the new branches will grow rapidly after the axillary buds grow out, and this operation requires too much labor input and the amount of pruning is heavy, which will cause a great waste of the tree's own nutrients and is not conducive to the accumulation and synthesis of nutrients and the recovery of tree vigor.

[0010] If "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning is performed after the third or fourth inflorescence spikes grow or even later, you will first find that the first and second inflorescence spikes often fall off partially or entirely, and the main branches become thicker and the branches and leaves still grow too vigorously. The reason is that the later the "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning is performed, the more concentrated the nutrients are and the nutrients are used preferentially for the growth of branches and leaves, and the more vigorous the growth will be. If the first and second spikes fall off, the fruit setting rate of the third and fourth inflorescence spikes will be directly affected, and the distance between the upper and lower spikes will also increase, resulting in a relatively smaller number of spikes on the whole plant at the same height, affecting the yield per plant.

[0011] If you start "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning when the two inflorescence spikes are clearly visible and pinch the top buds on the second inflorescence spike, you will find that the natural stretching speed of the inflorescence becomes faster and the flowering and fruit setting rates increase at the same time, the thickness of the main stem becomes thinner after bifurcation, and the distance between inflorescence spikes is smaller.

[0012] Based on the above experimental comparison, it is concluded that the technical solution of starting "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning when the second ear inflorescence is clearly visible and selecting a strong side branch under the first ear inflorescence as the second main branch for cultivation is the best choice to increase the number of fruits and inhibit the plant's excessive growth in the early stage.

[0013] In order to ensure the stability of the cherry tomato plants and the ventilation and light transmittance inside and outside the rows, a fixing frame is further arranged above the cherry tomato plants, the height of the fixing frame is 1.8 to 2.0 meters, and the fixing frame is provided with support wires arranged parallel to the planting row direction of the cherry tomato plants, and the support wires are distributed on the left and right sides of the cherry tomato plants, including a first support wire connected to the first main branch and a second support wire connected to the second main branch, and the first support wire and the second support wire are both provided with a traction rope, and in the double-pole pruning step, the connection end of the traction rope on the support wire and the line connecting the root of the plant are at an angle of 70 to 80 degrees to the ground. This angle range can ensure that there is space for the fruits and leaves inside and outside the first main branch and the second main branch to avoid excessive mutual shielding.

[0014] In order to improve the survival rate of cherry tomato seedlings and provide sufficient nutrients in the later stage, there is further a step of seedling transplanting and planting before the double-pole pruning step, which specifically includes the following operations:

[0015] Apply base fertilizer, prepare the land and plant: Apply 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer, 200 kg of decomposed rapeseed cake, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, and 25 kg of medium and trace element fertilizer per mu of planting land, and mix them with the soil in deep plowing; prepare the bed according to the width of 0.4 meters and the width of 0.8 meters; plant tomato seedlings in a single row in the middle of the bed, with a seedling spacing of 0.3 meters and a planting depth of 5-10 cm, and water the roots; the composition of the applied compound fertilizer is: N: P2O5: K2O = 15%: 15%: 15%; the composition of the medium and trace element fertilizer is Ca+Mg≥10%, B+Fe+Zn≥0.5%;

[0016] Root irrigation: 5-7 days after planting, use 500-800 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to irrigate the roots to prevent wilt disease;

[0017] Sterilization: 7-10 days after root irrigation, spray the leaves once with 1000 times diluted 50% carbendazim wettable powder + 1000 times diluted 5% amino oligosaccharide aqueous solution to prevent viral diseases and other diseases.

[0018] The operation of applying base fertilizer provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of tomato seedlings; single-row planting in transplanting not only saves half of the cost of tomato seedlings but also avoids the phenomenon of branches and leaves of tomato plants blocking each other during growth; root irrigation of the tomato seedlings with 500-800 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder can effectively prevent the tomato plants from contracting wilt disease when they are seedlings; spraying 1000 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder + 1000 times of 5% amino oligosaccharide aqueous solution on leaves can effectively prevent the occurrence of diseases such as viral diseases.

[0019] In order to improve the quality and yield of cherry tomato fruits, further, when the first bunch of fruits on the main branch begin to change color, water-soluble high-potassium compound fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content ratio: 11:7:40) is applied, the dilution concentration is 1%, and fertilizer water is applied once every 15-20 days, and each spraying and drip irrigation fertilizer water time is 10 minutes. The application of water-soluble high-potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizers during this period is conducive to the full absorption of the root system and the differentiated demand supply of nutrient elements at the growth nodes. On the one hand, it not only meets the large demand for potassium when the fruit changes color, but also ensures the effective supply of nitrogen demand during the continued growth of the plant. The potassium content of the leaves and fruits will increase accordingly, which is conducive to the conversion of anthocyanins and the accumulation of sugars, so as to meet and promote the secondary growth and expansion of pulp cells, thereby increasing the weight of single fruit.

[0020] In order to improve the quality of cherry tomatoes, i.e. reduce the occurrence of fruit cracking and pests and diseases during maturity, further, when the first bunch of fruits on the main branch enters the picking period until the fruit picking is completed, fertilize once with 52% potassium sulfate diluted with 1%, the single fertilization time is 5 to 10 minutes, and fertilize once after every 3 to 5 batches of fruits are picked. Pay attention to strictly control the amount of water to the soil so that the soil moisture content is maintained below 40%. This technical solution can effectively prevent tomato fruits from cracking due to excessive water content and being easily attacked by fruit flies or easily breeding gray mold and anthracnose diseases.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. In the repeated pinching and bud thinning step, the applicant first adopted the operation of pinching every two inflorescences, which can make the length of the two main branches from the first inflorescence to the last inflorescence increase, effectively improving the fruit setting rate and yield of cherry tomato plants. The reason is that after the pinching treatment, the apical dominance effect can effectively promote the priority supply of nutrients to the elongation, flowering and fruit setting of the inflorescence;

[0023] 2. Repeated light pinching of inflorescences every two spikes is a core technology that is different from conventional planting. This treatment not only ensures the maximum stretching, flowering and fruiting ability of the inflorescence, but also coordinates the moderate growth potential of the plant. The applicant once again emphasizes that the reason for pinching of inflorescences every two spikes is:

[0024] If you pinch off every other inflorescence, the demand or consumption of nutrients for an inflorescence is limited, and it is difficult for the plant to coordinate, inhibit or weaken its strong growth by itself. Moreover, this operation method requires too much labor and the amount of pruning is too heavy, which will cause a great waste of nutrients on the tree itself and is not conducive to the accumulation and synthesis of nutrients and the recovery of tree vigor.

[0025] If pinching is performed every three inflorescences, it is found that the nutrient supply to the first inflorescence at the bottom is insufficient or its growth is obstructed, because the first inflorescence at the bottom is at a disadvantage compared with the second and third inflorescences in terms of inflorescence stretching, flowering, fruiting, and capping. This shows that pinching every three inflorescences as a small section forces the nutrient supply directly to the three inflorescences to be insufficient. Therefore, the comparative experiment concludes that light pinching every two inflorescences is the best option.

[0026] 3. In addition to the first time that the applicant adopted pinching every two inflorescences in the repeated pinching and bud thinning steps, the axillary buds of the adjacent leaves under the inflorescence of the latter inflorescence need to be retained as the extension branches of the main branches for cultivation, which is conducive to the reproductive growth of the latter inflorescence. The reason is that, since the organic matter in the sieve tube is transported from top to bottom, after the pinching treatment, the order of nutrient supply under the apical dominance effect becomes: the latter inflorescence, the axillary buds under the inflorescence, and the previous inflorescence, which gives priority to the flowering and fruiting of the latter inflorescence; if the axillary buds of the adjacent leaves under the previous inflorescence are left as the extension branches of the main branches for cultivation, the first inflorescence on the newly cultivated extension branches will overlap with the first inflorescence in front after fruiting and grow in parallel with the second inflorescence in front, which will cause the fruit ears to overlap, grow in parallel and cross, and the branches and leaves of the plant will also block each other, seriously affecting the ventilation and light transmittance of the plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the growth state of a cherry tomato plant before double-pole pruning according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the growth status of a cherry tomato plant after double-pole pruning when the second ear inflorescence is clearly visible according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a growth diagram of an extended branch grown from a main branch after repeated pinching and bud thinning steps in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a growth diagram of the next extension branch grown from the extension branch of Example 1 and Example 3 of the present invention after repeated pinching and thinning of buds; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling transplanting and planting steps of Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4 Shown is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1 Parameter comparison experiment of repeated pinching and bud thinning operation interval flower spike number

[0034] 1. Planting site and material preparation: The planting site is located in Yongming Peach Farm, Longguan Township, Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, and uses sandy soil; organic fertilizer, decomposed rapeseed cake, compound fertilizer and potassium sulfate fertilizer are all purchased from agricultural materials companies, among which the content of N:P2O5:K2O in the compound fertilizer is: 15%:15%:15%, the potassium content of potassium sulfate fertilizer is 52%, and the trace elements are water-soluble fertilizers produced by Zhongruilinong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The fertilizer contains calcium, magnesium, boron, iron and zinc, and the content is Ca+Mg≥10%, B+Fe+Zn≥0.5%; the variety of tomatoes planted is Huang Beibei, which is an unlimited growth variety.

[0035] 2. Main operation steps

[0036] After the farm base is established, the seedlings are transplanted and planted. After the seedlings are transplanted and planted, the "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning and repeated pinching and thinning of buds every two panicles are carried out. The specific steps are: Figures 2 to 4 , when the second spike of inflorescence close to the ground is clearly visible (the length of the inflorescence is more than 3 cm or there are 3 buds on the inflorescence), start pruning and shaping; take two spikes of inflorescence as a section, and pinch the new shoots in each section. When pruning the first section, retain a strong side branch below the bottom inflorescence as another main branch of the "Y" shape, and remove all other side branches. The inflorescences that grow after the two main branches 1 of the "Y" shape are pinched once according to every two spikes of inflorescence as a node, and retain the axillary buds of the leaves closest to the top inflorescence, and remove all other buds; the two main branches 1 of the "Y" shape are tied and wrapped with a traction rope 3, the bottom is fixed to the root of the plant, and the top is tied to the wire. The angle between the connecting end of the traction rope 3 on the supporting steel wire 2 and the line connecting the root of the plant is 70 to 80 degrees with the ground.

[0037] After the steps of "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning and repeated pinching and thinning of buds every two spikes, the cherry tomato plants are fertilized and watered, and pests and diseases are controlled until the picking period. This operation is recorded as "Example 1" in the subsequent comparison result table.

[0038] Comparative Example 1

[0039] On the basis of Example 1, the operation of repeatedly pinching and thinning buds replaces the original height limit capping, and the specific operation is: after double-pole pruning, the two main branches 1 are allowed to grow without pinching until the height limit capping is completed.

[0040] Comparative Example 2

[0041] On the basis of Example 1, the operation of repeatedly pinching and thinning buds with two inflorescences as one section and pinching the new shoots of each section was changed to one inflorescence as one section and pinching the new shoots of each section.

[0042] Comparative Example 3

[0043] On the basis of Example 1, the operation of repeatedly pinching and thinning buds with two spikes as one section and pinching the new shoots of each section was changed to three spikes as one section and pinching the new shoots of each section.

[0044] Comparative Example 4

[0045] On the basis of Example 1, the operation of repeatedly pinching and thinning buds with two spikes as one section and pinching the new shoots of each section was changed to pinching the new shoots of each section with four spikes as one section.

[0046] The planting site was divided into 9 equal parts. The first planting site was planted according to the method of Example 1, and the second to fifth planting sites were planted according to the methods of Comparative Examples 1 to 4, respectively.

[0047] Comparison result 1:

[0048] Five plants were randomly selected from different plants in the first to fifth planting sites for statistics. The statistical parameters of each plant included:

[0049] (1) The length of each spike (used to observe whether the length of the first spike increases from the last spike); the data measurement method is: measure the length of each spike after it stops stretching;

[0050] (2) Fruit setting rate of each ear inflorescence; the data measurement method is: at the maturity stage of each ear of fruit, the percentage of the number of fruits on the inflorescence to the total number of flowers is counted, and the fruit setting rate of the first, second, and third ear inflorescence is actually counted;

[0051] (3) The yield of each bunch of fruit: the data measurement method is: at the maturity stage of each bunch of fruit, weigh the weight of each single fruit in each bunch and add them up, and actually count the yield of the first, second, and third bunch of fruit;

[0052] (4) Elongation rate of each spike: one of the parameters characterizing reproductive growth; the data measurement method is: measure the number of days required for each spike to elongate 10 cm after treatment, elongation rate = 10 cm / day; the elongation rates of the first, second, and third spikes are actually counted;

[0053] (5) Whole plant yield: the data were measured by weighing the weight of each fruit in each bunch after the picking period and adding them together;

[0054] (6) Stem diameter of the first main branch; the data measurement method is: after the tomato plant is capped, the stem diameter at the root of the first main branch 11 is measured;

[0055] (7) Stem diameter of the second main branch: The data measurement method is: after the tomato plant is capped, the stem diameter of the second main branch 12 is measured;

[0056] (8) Average leaf spacing: One of the parameters that characterizes vegetative growth. The data is measured by measuring the spacing between adjacent leaves after the tomato plants are capped and taking the average value.

[0057] The parameter determination results are as follows:

[0058] Table 1 Inflorescence length of each panicle under different repeated pinching and bud thinning operations

[0059]

[0060] Table 2 Statistics of other parameters under different repeated pinching and bud thinning operations

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] The conclusions drawn from the comparison results are as follows:

[0064] 1. When the tomato plant is in a state of moderate growth potential, the length of the inflorescence from the first ear to the last ear should increase step by step, see Table 1. However, the lengths of the 4th and 5th ear inflorescences in Comparative Example 1, the 3rd and 4th ear inflorescences in Comparative Example 3, and the 4th and 5th ear inflorescences in Comparative Example 4 are equal, respectively, indicating that the growth of the 5th ear inflorescence in Comparative Example 1, the 4th ear inflorescence in Comparative Example 3, and the 5th ear inflorescence in Comparative Example 4 is hindered, further indicating that the operation of not pinching, pinching every three ears, and pinching every four ears in the repeated pinching and bud thinning operation will hinder the reproductive growth of the upper part of the inflorescence of the plant;

[0065] Although the lengths of the inflorescences from the first to the last ear in Comparative Example 2 increase step by step, the lengths of the inflorescences of each ear in Example 1 are greater than those of the inflorescences of Comparative Example 2, indicating that pinching every two ears in the repeated pinching and thinning of buds is more effective in promoting the reproductive growth of the plants than pinching every other ear in the repeated pinching and thinning of buds. Therefore, pinching every two ears in the repeated pinching and thinning of buds is beneficial to the elongation of each ear inflorescence, so that the inflorescence can maintain a moderate growth potential while being stretched to the maximum extent.

[0066] 2. Referring to Table 2, the fruit setting rate of the first ear inflorescence, the fruit setting rate of the second ear inflorescence, and the fruit setting rate of the third ear inflorescence in Example 1 are all greater than those in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4, indicating that pinching every two ears of inflorescence during repeated pinching and thinning operations can effectively increase the fruit setting rate of the first three ears of cherry tomato plants and promote flowering and fruit setting of the inflorescence.

[0067] 3. Referring to Table 2, the parameters reflecting the growth potential of the plant are the first main branch stem thickness, the second main branch stem thickness, and the average spacing of the leaves. The larger the growth potential parameter, the stronger the growth potential of the plant. The first main branch stem thickness and the second main branch stem thickness of Example 1 in Table 2 are both smaller than those of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4. Although the average spacing of the leaves of Example 1 is slightly larger than that of Comparative Example 2, the difference is only 0.5, and the average spacing of the leaves of Example 1 is still smaller than that of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4; it can be concluded that pinching every two spikes in the repeated pinching and bud thinning operation can effectively weaken the growth potential of the plant, and the effect of other operations on weakening the growth potential is poor;

[0068] 4. In addition, the first ear fruit yield, the second ear fruit yield, the third ear fruit yield and the whole plant yield of Example 1 in Table 2 are all greater than those of Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4. Therefore, the repeated pinching and thinning of buds every two ears can effectively increase the yield of the first three ears of cherry tomato plants and the whole plant. Specifically, when planting the same tomato variety in the same plot of land, the repeated pinching and thinning of buds every two ears can increase the yield by 4532 to 7390 kg per 667 square meters compared with other operations, with an increase of 35.60% to 138.34%, and the fruit setting rate of the first ear inflorescence is increased by 11.76% to 58.33%, and the fruit setting rate of the second ear inflorescence is increased by 5.56% to 46.15%.

[0069] Example 2 Parameter comparison experiment of pruning time of "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning

[0070] The operation of the experimental group of this embodiment is the same as that of Example 1. As the experimental group for double-pole pruning when the second spike inflorescence is clearly visible on the first main branch 11 (the inflorescence length is more than 3 cm or there are 3 flower buds), this operation is recorded as "Example 2" in the table of comparison results 2.

[0071] Comparative Example 5

[0072] On the basis of Example 1, the double-pole pruning operation is replaced by single-pole pruning, that is, when the second flower spike close to the ground is clearly visible, the double-pole pruning process is not performed and it is allowed to continue to grow.

[0073] Comparative Example 6

[0074] Based on Example 1, the double-pole pruning is replaced by starting pruning and shaping when the second flower spike close to the ground is clearly visible, by starting pruning and shaping when the first flower spike close to the ground is clearly visible.

[0075] Comparative Example 7

[0076] Based on Example 1, the double-pole pruning is replaced by starting pruning and shaping when the second flower spike close to the ground is clearly visible, by starting pruning and shaping when the third flower spike close to the ground is clearly visible.

[0077] Comparative Example 8

[0078] Based on Example 1, the double-pole pruning is replaced by starting pruning and shaping when the second flower spike close to the ground is clearly visible, by starting pruning and shaping when the fourth flower spike close to the ground is clearly visible.

[0079] The planting site was divided into 9 equal parts. The first planting site was planted according to the method of Example 1, and the sixth to ninth planting sites were planted according to the methods of Comparative Examples 5 to 8, respectively.

[0080] Comparison result 2:

[0081] Five plants were randomly selected from different plants in the first, sixth to ninth planting sites for statistics. The statistical parameters of each plant included:

[0082] (9) Average distance between leaves, one of the parameters characterizing vegetative growth; the data was measured by measuring the distance between adjacent leaves after the tomato plants were capped and taking the average value;

[0083] (10) The stem diameter of the first main branch; the data measurement method is: after the tomato plant is capped, the stem diameter at the root of the first main branch 11 is measured;

[0084] (11) The stem diameter of the second main branch; the data measurement method is: after the tomato plant is capped, the stem diameter at the root of the second main branch 12 is measured;

[0085] (12) The length of each spikelet, one of the parameters characterizing reproductive growth; the data measurement method is: measuring the length of each spikelet after it stops stretching; actually counting the lengths of the first and second spikelets;

[0086] (13) The elongation rate of each spike inflorescence is one of the parameters that characterize reproductive growth. The data measurement method is: the number of days required for each spike inflorescence to elongate by 10 cm after treatment is measured, and the elongation rate = 10 cm / day; the elongation rates of the first and second inflorescences are actually counted;

[0087] (14) Fruit setting rate of each ear inflorescence; the data measurement method is: at the maturity stage of each ear of fruit, the percentage of the number of fruits on the inflorescence to the total number of flowers is counted; the fruit setting rate of the first and second ear inflorescences is actually counted;

[0088] (15) The yield of each bunch of fruit; the data measurement method is: at the maturity stage of each bunch of fruit, weigh the weight of each single fruit in each bunch of fruit and add them up; the actual weight of the first and second bunches of fruit is counted;

[0089] (16) Spacing between inflorescence spikes, one of the parameters characterizing reproductive growth; the distance between the first and second spike inflorescences grown during the growth of the tomato plant was counted after the tomato plant was capped;

[0090] (17) Number of spikes in the inflorescence, one of the parameters that characterize reproductive growth; the number of spikes grown during the growth of the tomato plant is counted after the tomato plant is capped;

[0091] The parameter determination results are as follows:

[0092] Table 3 Parameter statistics of leaves under different pruning operations

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Discussion on comparison result 2: The results of Table 3 are discussed as follows:

[0096] 1. The parameters related to growth potential in Table 3 are the first main branch stem thickness and the second main branch stem thickness. It is observed that the first main branch stem thickness and the second main branch stem thickness of Comparative Example 5 are greater than those of Example 2, Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 7, and Comparative Example 8, indicating that double-pole pruning can weaken the growth potential of the plant compared with single-pole pruning; in addition, the first main branch stem thickness and the second main branch stem thickness of Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 7, and Comparative Example 8 are greater than those of Example 2, indicating that in the double-pole pruning operation, the effect of weakening the growth potential by starting pruning and shaping when the second flower spike close to the ground is clearly visible is better than starting pruning and shaping when the first, third, and fourth flower spikes close to the ground are clearly visible;

[0097] 2. The parameters related to the reproductive growth of the first and second spikes in Table 3 are the length of the first spike, the elongation speed of the first spike, the length of the second spike, the elongation speed of the second spike, the fruit setting rate of the first spike, and the fruit setting rate of the second spike, which are collectively referred to as the reproductive growth parameters of the first and second spikes hereinafter; it is observed that the reproductive growth parameters of the first and second spikes in Example 2 are greater than the reproductive growth parameters of Comparative Examples 5, 6, 7, and 8, indicating that the operation of Example 2 effectively promotes the elongation, flowering, and fruit setting of the first and second spikes; in addition, combined with the first point discussed in the second comparative result, it can be concluded that in the double-pole pruning operation, starting pruning and shaping when the second spike close to the ground is clearly visible can slow down the growth potential while providing more nutrients and promoting the elongation, flowering, and fruit setting of the first and second spikes;

[0098] 3. Other parameters related to the reproductive growth of plants in Table 3 are the first ear fruit yield, the second ear fruit yield, the flower-spike spacing, and the number of spikes; Comparative Example 6 has the least number of spikes and the largest flower-spike spacing, but from the reproductive growth parameters of the first and second spike inflorescences, it can be seen that the growth of the first two spikes of Comparative Example 6 is better than that of Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 7, and Comparative Example 8, indicating that although the "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning when the first spike inflorescence is clearly visible has a certain auxiliary effect on the growth of the first two spike inflorescences, it will affect the growth of the whole plant, and thus affect the yield; in addition, the flower-spike spacing, the number of spikes, and the reproductive growth parameters of the first and second spike inflorescences of Comparative Examples 7 and Comparative Examples 8 are smaller than those of Example 2. At the same time, the average leaf spacing, the first main branch stem thickness, and the second main branch stem thickness of Comparative Examples 7 and Comparative Examples 8 are larger than those of Example 2, indicating that the growth potential of the "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning when the third and fourth spike inflorescences are clearly visible is vigorous, but the reproductive growth is weak, which is not conducive to the improvement of plant yield;

[0099] In summary, the technical solution of starting "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning when the second ear inflorescence is clearly visible and selecting a strong secondary branch under the first ear inflorescence as the second main branch 12 for cultivation is the best choice for increasing the yield of the whole plant and inhibiting the early vigorous growth of the plant. Specifically, when planting the same tomato variety in the same field, the double-pole pruning operation when the second ear inflorescence is clearly visible can increase the number of tomato fruits by about 2 to 3 ears per 667 square meters, increase the yield by 4236 to 6990 kilograms, increase the yield by 65% ​​to 209%, increase the fruit setting rate of the first ear inflorescence by 12.5% ​​to 80%, and increase the fruit setting rate of the second ear inflorescence by 11.76% to 58.33%.

[0100] Embodiment 3 planting method

[0101] 1. Preparation of planting site and materials: The planting site is located in Yongming Peach Farm, Longguan Township, Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, and uses sandy soil; organic fertilizer, decomposed rapeseed cake, compound fertilizer and potassium sulfate fertilizer are all purchased from agricultural materials companies, among which the content of N:P2O5:K2O in the compound fertilizer is: 15%:15%:15%, the potassium content of potassium sulfate fertilizer is 52%, and the trace elements are water-soluble fertilizers of trace elements produced by Zhongruilinong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The fertilizer contains calcium, magnesium, boron, iron and zinc, and the content is Ca+Mg≥10%, B+Fe+Zn≥0.5%; the variety of tomatoes planted is Huang Beibei, which is an unlimited growth variety;.

[0102] 2. Operation steps

[0103] (1) Seedling transplanting and planting: Figure 5 When the garden is built, a fixed frame is set above the plants, see Figure 4The height of the fixing frame is 1.8 to 2 meters, and a supporting steel wire 2 is provided on the fixing frame. The supporting steel wire 2 is laid parallel to the ridge (i.e., the planting row direction of the cherry tomato plants) for tree-shaped fixation;

[0104] Apply base fertilizer, prepare the land and plant: Apply 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer, 200 kg of decomposed rapeseed cake, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, and 25 kg of medium and trace element fertilizer per mu of planting land, deep plow the land and mix them with the soil; prepare the beds according to the width of 0.4 meters and the width of 0.8 meters; plant tomato seedlings in a single row in the middle of the bed, with a seedling spacing of 0.3 meters and a planting depth of 5-10 cm, and water them to establish roots;

[0105] Root irrigation: 5-7 days after planting, use 500-800 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for root irrigation to prevent and control wilt disease;

[0106] Sterilization: 7-10 days after root irrigation, spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times liquid + 5% amino oligosaccharide solution 1000 times liquid on the bottom of the leaves of the plant to prevent and control viral diseases and other diseases. Figure 1 , the first main branch 11 is obviously thicker than other secondary branches.

[0107] (2) Pruning and pinching: adopting the "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning in Example 1, repeatedly pinching and thinning the buds of every two inflorescences;

[0108] (3) Fertilizer and water management: It is not recommended to fertilize the root system before the first bunch of fruits changes color, as the growth potential is strong and difficult to control at this stage. If the plants are found to be water-deficient, they can be watered with water by spray or drip irrigation before 9 a.m. or after 4 p.m., for no more than 10 minutes at a time. The color change mentioned in this embodiment refers to the process in which the cherry tomato fruit changes from an unripe green fruit to a ripe fruit color. The color of the ripe fruit is determined by the variety of the cherry tomato. Since the variety of the cherry tomato in this embodiment is "Huang Beibei", the color of the ripe fruit is yellow.

[0109] (4) Pest and disease control: Physical control is carried out when the first bunch of fruits begins to change color. The specific operation is to hang yellow boards, one row on each side of the shed, for a total of 2 rows, with a spacing of 5 meters and a height of 1 to 1.5 meters from the ground; chemical control is carried out within 15 days from the transplanting of seedlings to the picking of the first bunch of fruits. The specific operation is as follows:

[0110] 5 to 7 days after transplanting the seedlings, irrigate the roots with a 600-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to prevent wilt disease.

[0111] 10 to 15 days after transplanting the seedlings, spray the leaves once with a 1000-fold dilution of 5% amino oligosaccharides aqueous solution and a 1000-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to prevent viral diseases and other diseases.

[0112] Then every 20 days or so, use 46% copper hydroxide water-dispersible granules diluted 1500 times or 20% cyazofamid suspension diluted 1500 times, mix with 43% bifenazate suspension diluted 2000 times or 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times and use it once to prevent early and late blight, anthrax, canker, and cabbageworms, aphids, mites, etc. Pay attention to the rotation of the agents and the order of mixing.

[0113] Do not spray chemical agents on the leaves from the time the first bunch of fruits are picked and marketed until the end of picking. It is recommended to fumigate the greenhouse once every 20 to 30 days at night with 15% thiocarb-ethyl and thiophanate-methyl fog agent or 15% procymidone fog agent. It is recommended to use 1 small bag per 100 square meters to prevent gray mold, etc. Note that the two fog agents should be used alternately.

[0114] From the beginning of picking until the end of picking, every time 3-5 batches of fruits are picked, fertilize once with 52% potassium sulfate diluted 100 times, and control the single fertilization time to 5-10 minutes; during this period, the soil moisture content is controlled below 40%, otherwise the fruit is prone to cracking and gray mold.

Claims

1. A method for growing cherry tomatoes, comprising the steps of "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning to obtain two main branches (1), characterized in that: The method further comprises the step of repeatedly pinching and thinning the buds of every two inflorescence spikes on the main branch (1). Specifically, when two inflorescence spikes grow on the main branch (1) and the length of the latter inflorescence spike is more than 3 cm or there are three flower buds, the top buds of the normally growing new shoots on the latter inflorescence spike are pinched, and the axillary buds of the adjacent leaves under the latter inflorescence spike are retained as extension branches of the main branch (1) for cultivation, and the remaining axillary buds are all thinned out.

2. The method for planting cherry tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation of the "Y"-shaped double-pole pruning includes: taking the main trunk of the cherry tomato plant as the first main branch (11), when the second ear inflorescence of the first main branch (11) of the cherry tomato plant after planting is clearly visible, selecting a strong secondary branch under the first ear inflorescence as the second main branch (12) for cultivation, and thinning out all the remaining secondary branches.

3. The method for planting cherry tomatoes according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing frame is arranged above the cherry tomato plant, and the height of the fixing frame is 1.8 to 2 meters. The fixing frame is provided with supporting steel wires (2) arranged parallel to the planting row direction of the cherry tomato plant. The supporting steel wires (2) are distributed on the left and right sides of the cherry tomato plant, and include a first supporting steel wire (21) correspondingly connected to the first main branch (11) and a second supporting steel wire (22) correspondingly connected to the second main branch (12). The first supporting steel wire (21) and the second supporting steel wire (22) are both provided with a traction rope (3). In the double-pole pruning step, the angle between the connecting end of the traction rope (3) on the supporting steel wire (2) and the connecting line of the plant root and the ground is α, and 70°≤α≤80°.

4. The method for growing cherry tomatoes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Before the "Y-shaped" double-pole pruning step, there is also a seedling transplanting and planting step, which specifically includes the following operations: Apply base fertilizer, prepare the land and plant: Apply 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer, 200 kg of decomposed rapeseed cake, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, and 25 kg of medium and trace element fertilizer per mu of planting land, and deep plow the land to mix with the soil; prepare the bed according to the width of 0.4 meters and the width of 0.8 meters; plant tomato seedlings in a single row in the middle of the bed, with a seedling spacing of 0.3 meters and a planting depth of 5-10 cm, and water the roots; the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium composition of the applied compound fertilizer is: N: P2O5: K2O = 15%: 15%: 15%, and the composition of the medium and trace element fertilizer is Ca+Mg≥10%, B+Fe+Zn≥0.5%; Root irrigation: 5-7 days after planting, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder diluted 500-800 times for root irrigation to prevent wilt disease; Sterilization: 7-10 days after root irrigation, spray the underside of leaves once with 50% carbendazim wettable powder diluted 1000 times and 5% amino oligosaccharide aqueous solution diluted 1000 times to prevent viral diseases.

5. The method for growing cherry tomatoes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: When the first bunch of fruits on the main branch (1) begins to change color, a water-soluble high-potassium compound fertilizer is applied.

6. The method for growing cherry tomatoes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: After the first bunch of fruits on the main branch (1) enters the picking period, potassium sulfate is applied and the amount of watering the soil is strictly controlled to keep the moisture content of the soil below 40%.

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