Staged cooling rectifying tower

Abstract

The invention provides a staged cooling rectifying tower, which comprises a tower body, a feed inlet, a reboiling part and a cooling part, the tower body comprises a tower top, a tower bottom, a constant temperature module and a separation module, and the constant temperature module and the separation module are arranged between the tower top and the tower bottom. Through the arrangement of the constant temperature module and the separation module, constant temperature control and condensation treatment of raw material steam are achieved according to the multi-stage cooling principle of materials needing to be separated, and temperature control of an external condensation pipeline can be easily achieved only by controlling the external heat exchange cooling temperature; therefore, multi-stage staged cooling rectification work can be achieved according to the physical properties of different boiling points of mixed raw material steam, due to the modular design of the constant-temperature modules and the separation modules, installation is convenient, free assembly of the tower body can be achieved, the number of the separation modules can be controlled and changed, and the production efficiency is improved. Therefore, the multi-stage rectification work of various materials can be realized in the same rectification tower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material distillation and separation equipment, and in particular to a graded cooling distillation tower. Background Art

[0002] The graded cooling distillation tower is a special distillation tower design. Its main feature is to set different cooling methods at different heights of the tower to optimize the distillation process and separation effect. This design usually includes multiple cooling zones, each of which adopts different cooling strategies to meet the separation needs of different components. The graded cooling distillation tower achieves more efficient separation by setting different cooling methods at different heights of the tower and taking advantage of the difference in vapor pressure of each component in the mixture at different temperatures. Specifically, the upper part of the tower may use a lower cooling temperature, while the lower part uses a higher cooling temperature, which can better control the evaporation and condensation process of each component, thereby improving separation efficiency and product purity.

[0003] The working principle of the graded cooling distillation tower is based on the difference in boiling points of each component in the liquid mixture. By precisely controlling the temperature and pressure, the different components in the mixture are separated. The specific process includes material feeding, heating process, condensation process, graded cooling, collection after separation and other processes. It is relatively widely used in the chemical, petroleum and pharmaceutical fields. It has the excellent technical effect of being able to achieve efficient separation of components in the mixture, improve the concentration of the target component, and can be adjusted according to the composition characteristics of different mixtures to adapt to different production needs and have high controllability during operation. It can achieve precise control of the separation process by adjusting parameters such as temperature and pressure.

[0004] Due to the influence of the market environment, the existing graded cooling distillation towers are mostly formed in one piece, and the cooling parts at each level are basically fixed on the tower body. This also limits the same graded cooling distillation tower to mostly perform fixed mode distillation work on a single material. If part of the cooling part is blocked, the external pipeline will naturally cool down, thereby reflux or affect the cooling effect.

[0005] The patent with the existing application number CN202311841471.0 proposes a graded cooling distillation tower, which includes a tower body, a reboiler is provided at the bottom of the tower body, a cooler is provided at the top of the tower body, a pipeline for sending the bottom liquid into the cooler is provided on the reboiler; a cooling device for cooling the bottom liquid is provided on the pipeline. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the bottom liquid is a heavy component. In actual operation, the bottom liquid needs to be extracted from the tower body to obtain the heavy component. The temperature of the bottom liquid is the boiling point temperature of the heavy component. After the bottom liquid is extracted from the tower body, the bottom liquid is cooled by the cooling device, so that the bottom liquid is cooled to between the boiling point of the heavy component and the boiling point of the light component, and then the bottom liquid is sent to the cooler as a cooling medium for use.

[0006] The invention has the technical problem of reducing the excessive energy consumption required for heating during the use of a multi-stage cooling distillation tower, but there is still a technical problem that most of the existing graded cooling distillation towers can only perform fixed-mode distillation work on a single material. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a graded cooling distillation tower, comprising a tower body, a feed inlet, a reboiling part and a cooling part, the tower body comprising a tower top, a tower bottom, a constant temperature module and a separation module, the constant temperature module and the separation module are arranged between the tower top and the tower bottom, the constant temperature module and the separation module are connected in sequence, and together constitute the working unit of the distillation tower, and in actual use, different numbers of working units can be selected according to actual needs for assembly and use, a constant temperature device is arranged in the constant temperature module, the separation module comprises at least one separation column, the separation column is provided with a condenser on the outside of the tower body, the condenser is connected to the inside of the separation column through a separation connecting pipeline, an external refrigeration device is arranged outside the condenser, and the condenser is connected to a discharge pipe.

[0008] By setting up a modular tower body, the tower body can be freely assembled. By setting up the constant temperature module and the separation module, according to the principle of multi-stage cooling of the required separation material, the constant temperature control and condensation treatment of the raw material steam can be achieved. The cooling device is located outside the tower body and is easy to install. Moreover, since it is arranged outside the tower body, it is only necessary to control the external heat exchange cooling temperature to easily achieve the temperature control of the external condensation pipeline, so that multi-stage graded cooling and distillation work can be achieved according to the physical properties of the mixed raw material steam with different boiling points. Due to the modular design of the constant temperature module and the separation module, the tower body can be freely assembled, so that the number of separation modules can be controlled and changed, so that the same distillation tower can perform multi-stage distillation of multiple materials.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling part is connected to the top of the tower, and includes a condensate temporary storage tank, a pump body and an atomizing device. The condensate temporary storage tank is connected to the top of the tower body, the condensate temporary storage tank is connected to the pump body through a condensation connecting pipe, the pump body is connected to the atomizing device through a condensation connecting pipeline, and the atomizing device is arranged inside the tower body.

[0010] Such an arrangement firstly retains the top cooling technology in the basic working principle of the distillation tower, and the newly added atomizing device design can realize the uniform distribution of the condensed liquid and increase the efficiency of cooling the raw material steam when the condensed liquid is used specifically, and can also cooperate with the arrangement of the separation plate in the present invention to realize the technical effect of multi-stage temperature control of the cooling liquid, thereby optimizing the overall distillation efficiency and accuracy of the distillation tower.

[0011] Furthermore, the constant temperature module includes at least two constant temperature tubes, the constant temperature tubes are detachably connected to the separation column, and at least one constant temperature cone plate is arranged in the constant temperature tube, and the constant temperature cone plate is in an inverted cone shape.

[0012] With such arrangement, when the distillation tower is actually used, the raw material steam enters from the feed port, or the steam is generated again through the reboiling section. When passing through different thermostatic tubes, the raw material steam can be temporarily stored in the space formed between the inner wall of the thermostatic tube and multiple thermostatic cone plates. The thermostatic module can be used to control the internal temperature of the thermostatic module, so that the steam temperature can be more accurately controlled under the premise of a long steam retention time. The arrangement of the thermostatic cone plate can first cooperate with the thermostatic tube to achieve the purpose of temporarily storing the raw material steam. Secondly, it can cooperate with the thermostatic tube to produce the technical effect of heat conduction. Due to the physical property of steam that hotter steam floats and colder steam sinks, the inverted cone shape of the thermostatic cone plate can ensure that the steam at the bottom layer in the space formed by the thermostatic cone plate and the thermostatic tube can continue to flow upward from the hole in the middle of the thermostatic cone plate after a certain period of heating cycle, thereby optimizing the heating, insulation and temperature control effects of the thermostatic tube on the internal gas to the greatest extent, and making full preparations for subsequent separation.

[0013] Furthermore, the constant temperature device includes a plurality of heating tubes arranged in the constant temperature tube, and a heater is connected to the outside of the heating tube.

[0014] With such arrangement, when the distillation tower is actually used, the raw material steam enters from the feed port, or the steam is generated again through the reboiling section. When passing through different thermostatic tubes, the raw material steam can be temporarily stored in the space formed between the inner wall of the thermostatic tube and multiple thermostatic cone plates. Since there is a heating tube in the thermostatic module, the internal temperature of the thermostatic module can be controlled by controlling the heating tube, so that the steam temperature can be more accurately controlled under the premise of a long steam retention time. The arrangement of the thermostatic cone plate can firstly cooperate with the thermostatic tube to achieve the purpose of temporarily storing the raw material steam, and secondly, can cooperate with the heating tube to achieve the technical effect of increasing the heat conduction generated by the heating tube. Since the physical property of steam is that hotter steam floats and colder steam sinks, by utilizing this physical property, the inverted cone shape of the thermostatic cone plate can ensure that the steam at the bottom layer in the space formed by the thermostatic cone plate and the thermostatic tube can continue to flow upward from the hole in the middle of the thermostatic cone plate only after a certain period of heating cycle, thereby optimizing the heating, insulation and temperature control effects of the thermostatic tube on the internal gas to the greatest extent.

[0015] Furthermore, the separation column includes a separation tube, which is detachably connected to the constant temperature module, and both ends of the separation connection pipeline are connected to the separation tube. The condenser is located in the middle of the separation connection pipeline and is connected to the separation connection pipeline.

[0016] With such arrangement, due to the arrangement of the constant temperature module and the separation module, the tower body can be freely assembled, thereby making the number of separation modules controllable and variable, thereby enabling the same distillation tower to perform multi-stage distillation of various materials.

[0017] Furthermore, at least one separation sheet is provided in the separation tube, the separation sheet is in a round shape and its diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the separation tube, the separation sheet is located in the middle of the separation connecting pipeline, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the separation sheet.

[0018] In this way, due to the setting of the constant temperature module, the steam entering the separation module is raw steam with uniform and stable temperature. After the raw steam enters the separation tube, it first contacts the separation sheet in the separation tube. There is atomized coolant sprayed by the condensing device on the separation sheet, which can be mixed with the steam to achieve the preliminary separation of the material with the highest boiling point in the steam.

[0019] Furthermore, the external refrigeration device includes a condensation ring and a heat exchange device wrapped around the outside of the condenser tube, the heat exchange device includes a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected to the condensation ring through a heat exchange pipeline, at least two connection ports are provided on the condensation ring, the connection ports are located at the position of the separation connection pipeline, a plurality of sliding support plates are provided in the condensation ring, a sliding spiral plate is slidably connected to the sliding support plate, a spring is provided between the sliding spiral plate and the sliding support plate, a magnetic control device is provided outside the condensation ring, and the magnetic control device can control the relative position of the sliding support plate and the sliding spiral plate.

[0020] With such an arrangement, when the constant temperature raw material steam enters the separation connecting pipeline and then enters the condenser, the liquid in the condensation ring can realize the cooling and temperature control functions for the condenser. Firstly, the modular tower body can realize the free assembly of the tower body. Through the arrangement of the constant temperature module and the separation module, according to the principle of multi-stage cooling of the required separation material, the constant temperature control and condensation treatment of the raw material steam can be realized. The cooling device is located outside the tower body and is easy to install. Moreover, since it is arranged outside the tower body, it is only necessary to control the external heat exchange cooling temperature to easily realize the temperature control of the external condensation pipeline, thereby realizing multi-stage graded cooling and distillation work according to the physical properties of the mixed raw material steam with different boiling points.

[0021] Furthermore, the magnetic control device includes a magnetic block and a rotating ring arranged outside the condensation ring, the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the condensation ring, an external gear is arranged on the outside of the rotating ring, a motor and a driving gear are arranged on the outside of the condensation ring, and the rotating ring can control the movement of the magnetic block.

[0022] Furthermore, at least one condensation cone is arranged on the condensation tube, the discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the condensation cone, and the sliding spiral plate is located at the top of the condensation cone.

[0023] With such an arrangement, when the constant temperature raw material steam enters the separation connecting pipeline and then enters the condenser, the liquid in the condensation ring can realize the cooling and temperature control functions for the condenser. Firstly, the modular tower body can realize the free assembly of the tower body. Through the arrangement of the constant temperature module and the separation module, according to the principle of multi-stage cooling of the required separation material, the constant temperature control and condensation treatment of the raw material steam can be realized. The cooling device is located outside the tower body and is easy to install. Moreover, since it is arranged outside the tower body, it is only necessary to control the external heat exchange cooling temperature to easily realize the temperature control of the external condensation pipeline, thereby realizing multi-stage graded cooling and distillation work according to the physical properties of the mixed raw material steam with different boiling points.

[0024] Furthermore, the constant temperature module and the separation module are both provided with a plurality of temperature detectors.

[0025] This arrangement makes it easy to observe and control the temperature at various locations in the distillation tower and adjust it in a timely manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stage cooling distillation tower according to the present invention is shown; and Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the distillation tower in FIG. Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a constant temperature module in a multi-stage cooling distillation tower of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the separation module in the multi-stage cooling distillation tower of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the separation tube and the separation sheet in the multi-stage cooling distillation tower of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the external refrigeration device in the multi-stage cooling distillation tower of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A is an enlarged schematic diagram; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a condenser pipe and related structures in a multi-stage cooling distillation tower of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the related structure of the condenser in the multi-stage cooling distillation tower of the present invention, in which the condenser is used in conjunction with the sliding spiral plate at the condensation cone position.

[0027] The above drawings include the following reference numerals: 1. Tower body; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Reboiling section; 4. Cooling section; 5. Tower top; 6. Tower bottom; 7. Constant temperature module; 8. Separation module; 9. Constant temperature device; 10. Separation column; 11. Condenser tube; 12. Separation connecting pipeline; 13. External refrigeration device; 14. Discharge pipe; 15. Pump body; 16. Atomization device; 17. Condensation connecting pipeline; 18. Constant temperature tube; 19. Constant temperature cone plate; 20. Heating tube; 21. Heater; 22. Separation tube; 23. Separation sheet; 24. Vent; 25. Condensation ring; 26. Heat exchange device; 27. Heat exchange pipeline; 28. Connection port; 29. ​​Sliding support plate; 30. Sliding spiral plate; 31. Magnetron device; 32. Magnetic block; 33. Rotating ring; 34. External gear; 35. Motor; 36. Driving gear; 37. Condensation cone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides a graded cooling distillation tower, comprising a tower body 1, a feed inlet 2, a reboiling section 3 and a cooling section 4, the tower body 1 comprising a tower top 5, a tower bottom 6, a constant temperature module 7 and a separation module 8, a constant temperature module 7 and a separation module 8 are arranged between the tower top 5 and the tower bottom 6, the constant temperature module 7 and the separation module 8 are connected in sequence, and together constitute a working unit of the distillation tower, providing a structural basis for realizing the distillation of different materials.

[0032] When a single material needs to be distilled, a working unit can be selected; in actual use, different numbers of working units can be selected and assembled according to actual needs, that is, when distilling multiple materials, the number of working units can be increased through detachable connections. The detachable connection between each working unit and with the top and bottom of the tower, such as flange connection, facilitates users to flexibly assemble and adjust the distillation tower structure according to actual needs.

[0033] The thermostatic module 7 is provided with a thermostatic device 9, the separation module 8 includes at least one separation column 10, the separation column 10 is provided with a condenser 11 outside the tower body 1, the condenser 11 is connected with the inside of the separation column 10 through a separation connecting pipeline 12, an external refrigeration device 13 is provided outside the condenser 11, and the condenser 11 is connected with a discharge pipe 14. The reboiling section 3 and the cooling section 4 are both relatively common existing technical means in the field of existing distillation towers, which will not be elaborated here.

[0034] Among them, regarding the cooling part 4; the cooling part 4 is connected to the tower top 5, including a condensate temporary storage box, a pump body 15 and an atomizing device 16, the condensate temporary storage box is connected to the top of the tower body 1, the condensate temporary storage box is connected to the pump body 15 through a condensation connecting pipe, the pump body 15 is connected to the atomizing device 16 through a condensation connecting pipeline 17, and the atomizing device 16 is arranged inside the tower body 1. The newly added atomizing device 16 design can achieve uniform distribution of condensed liquid and increase the efficiency of cooling raw material steam when the condensed liquid is used.

[0035] Optionally, the thermostatic module 7 includes at least two thermostatic tubes 18, the thermostatic tubes 18 are detachably connected to the separation column 10, at least one thermostatic cone plate 19 is arranged in the thermostatic tube 18, and the thermostatic cone plate 19 is in an inverted cone shape. The thermostatic device 9 includes a plurality of heating tubes 20 arranged in the thermostatic tube 18, and the heating tube 20 is externally connected to a heater 21.

[0036] With such arrangement, when a graded cooling distillation tower of the present invention is actually used, the raw material steam or the steam generated again after passing through the reboiling section 3 enters the feed port 2. When passing through different thermostatic tubes 18, the raw material steam can be temporarily stored in the space formed between the inner wall of the thermostatic tube 18 and the plurality of thermostatic cone plates 19. Since the thermostatic module 7 has a heating tube 20, the internal temperature of the thermostatic module 7 can be controlled by controlling the heating tube 20, so that the steam temperature can be more accurately controlled under the premise of a longer steam retention time. The arrangement of the thermostatic cone plate 19 can firstly cooperate with the thermostatic tube 18 to realize temporary storage. The purpose of raw material steam, secondly, can cooperate with heating tube 20 to achieve the technical effect of increasing the heat conduction generated by heating tube 20. Due to the physical property of steam that hotter steam floats and colder steam sinks, the inverted cone shape of constant temperature cone plate 19 can ensure that the steam at the bottom layer in the space formed by constant temperature cone plate 19 and constant temperature tube 18 can continue to flow upward from the hole in the middle of constant temperature cone plate 19 after a certain period of heating cycle, thereby optimizing the heating, insulation and temperature control effect of constant temperature tube 18 on the gas inside it to the greatest extent, and making full preparations for subsequent separation.

[0037] Optionally, the separation column 10 includes a separation tube 22, the separation tube 22 is detachably connected to the constant temperature module 7, both ends of the separation connection pipeline 12 are connected to the separation tube 22, and the condenser 11 is located in the middle of the separation connection pipeline 12 and is connected to the separation connection pipeline 12. At least one separation sheet 23 is arranged in the separation tube 22, the separation sheet 23 is in a round cake shape and its diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the separation tube 22, the separation sheet 23 is located in the middle of the separation connection pipeline 12, and a plurality of vents 24 are arranged on the separation sheet 23. The external refrigeration device 13 includes a condensation ring 25 and a heat exchange device 26 wrapped around the outside of the condenser tube 11. The heat exchange device 26 includes a heat exchanger, which is connected to the condensation ring 25 through a heat exchange pipeline 27. The condensation ring 25 is provided with at least two connection ports 28, and the connection ports 28 are located at the position of the separation connection pipeline 12. A plurality of sliding support plates 29 are provided in the condensation ring 25, and a sliding spiral plate 30 is slidably connected to the sliding support plate 29. A spring is provided between the sliding spiral plate 30 and the sliding support plate 29. A magnetic control device 31 is provided on the outside of the condensation ring 25, and the magnetic control device 31 can control the relative position of the sliding support plate 29 and the sliding spiral plate 30. The magnetic control device 31 includes a magnetic block 32 and a rotating ring 33 arranged outside the condensation ring 25. The rotating ring 33 is rotatably connected to the condensation ring 25. An external gear 34 is arranged outside the rotating ring 33. A motor 35 and a driving gear 36 are arranged outside the condensation ring 25. The rotating ring 33 can control the movement of the magnetic block 32. At least one condensation cone 37 is arranged on the condensation tube 11. The discharge pipe 14 is located at the bottom of the condensation cone 37, and the sliding spiral plate 30 is located at the top of the condensation cone 37. A magnet is arranged on the sliding spiral plate 30, which interacts with the magnetic control device 31 outside the condensation ring 25, so that the magnetic control device 31 controls the sliding spiral plate 30. The sliding support plate 29 is connected to the condensation ring 25 by cooperating with the card slot and the card block. Specifically, a card groove is provided on the inner wall of the condensation ring 25, and a card block is correspondingly provided on the sliding support plate 29. The card block can slide in the card groove. This connection method ensures that the sliding support plate 29 is firmly connected to the condensation ring 25, and does not hinder the sliding movement of the sliding spiral plate 30 on the sliding support plate 29.

[0038] With such arrangement, in the actual distillation process of separating the raw material vapor; First, due to the setting of the constant temperature module 7, the steam entering the separation module 8 is all raw material steam with uniform and stable temperature. After the raw material steam enters the separation tube 22, it first contacts the separation sheet 23 in the separation tube 22. There is atomized coolant sprayed by the condensing device on the separation sheet 23, which can be mixed with the steam to achieve the preliminary separation of the material with the highest boiling point in the steam. It should be noted here that since the cooling part 4 is provided with an atomizing device 16, the coolant discharged from the cooling part 4 is all atomized liquid particles, which when attached to the separation sheet 23, are in the raw material steam inside the tower body 1. Under the premise that the steam temperature decreases step by step from bottom to top, the temperature of the atomized liquid on the separation plate 23 in the separation module 8 is higher, so that it will not affect the raw material steam with a higher boiling point below. Therefore, for the raw material steam from bottom to top of the multi-stage cooling distillation tower, according to the technical principle that the higher the boiling point of the steam, the more it will be separated in the separation module 8 at a lower position, an excellent auxiliary separation effect can be achieved, and the high boiling point steam in the lower part will not be repeatedly condensed and boiled due to the small temperature difference between the upper and lower cooling liquids, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0039] Secondly, when the constant temperature raw material steam enters the separation connecting pipeline 12 and then enters the condenser 11, the liquid in the condensation ring 25 can realize the cooling and temperature control functions for the condenser 11. First of all, the modular tower body 1 can realize the free assembly of the tower body 1. Through the setting of the constant temperature module 7 and the separation module 8, according to the principle of multi-stage cooling of the required separation material, the constant temperature control and condensation treatment of the raw material steam are realized. The cooling device is located outside the tower body 1 and is easy to install. Moreover, since it is arranged outside the tower body 1, it is only necessary to control the external heat exchange cooling temperature to easily realize the temperature control of the external condenser 11, thereby realizing multi-stage graded cooling and distillation work according to the physical properties of the mixed raw material steam with different boiling points.

[0040] It should be noted that the condensation cone 37 in the condenser tube 11 cooperates with the setting of the sliding spiral plate 30 to achieve a small-scale precise cooling effect on the part of the tube wall of the condenser tube 11 located at the condensation cone 37. In actual use, the coolant enters the condensation ring 25 from the heat exchanger through the heat exchange pipeline 27, and its flow direction can be easily controlled. Accordingly, by setting the sliding spiral plate 30, the cooling liquid can automatically rotate to generate a condensation vortex when flowing through the sliding spiral plate 30, and the condensation vortex can be controlled by the magnetic control device 31 to control the sliding spiral plate 30 to exist at the position of the condensation cone 37 or at the conventional tube wall position. When the condensation vortex exists at the position of the condensation cone 37, the condensation cone 37 is located at the position of the condensation cone 37. The tube wall at that position is in contact with the coolant for a long time, and the conical shape of the condensation cone 37 can expand the contact area between the unit volume of coolant and the tube wall. It is obvious that the temperature at the position of the condensation cone 37 will be slightly lower than that at the ordinary position of the condenser tube 11, so that the temperature of the inner tube wall at the position of the condensation cone 37 can be slightly lower, thereby achieving a technical effect of greatly optimizing the condensation efficiency in the condenser tube 11, and the conical shape of the condensation cone 37 can also automatically guide the liquid after the raw material steam is condensed to drip, so that it drips to the discharge pipe 14 and then is collected, which greatly optimizes the external control and precise control effect of the condensation temperature, thereby optimizing the efficiency and accuracy of the distillation tower in separating the raw material steam according to the different boiling points of the steam.

[0041] Optionally, the constant temperature module 7 and the separation module 8 are both provided with a plurality of temperature detectors.

[0042] A high-precision temperature sensor is provided on the wall of the condensing cone 37, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control system. The temperature sensor collects the temperature data of the wall of the condensing cone 37 in real time and transmits it to the control system. The control system presets the temperature range for the distillation of different materials. When the received temperature data exceeds the preset range, the control system sends a command to the drive motor to control the sliding spiral plate 30 to reach the specified position. The rotation of the sliding spiral plate 30 is based on the temperature change rate. When the temperature change rate exceeds a specific value, such as 0.5℃ / min, the drive motor adjusts the speed of the spiral plate to achieve precise cooling. For example, when the temperature change rate is too fast, the drive motor increases the speed of the sliding spiral plate 30, increases the disturbance of the steam in the condensing tube 11, and enhances the heat dissipation effect; when the temperature change rate is too slow, the speed of the sliding spiral plate 30 is reduced to avoid overcooling. Such a setting is convenient for observing and controlling the temperature at various locations in the distillation tower and adjusting it in time.

[0043] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: First, the present invention can realize the free assembly of the tower body 1 by setting a modular tower body 1. Through the setting of the constant temperature module 7 and the separation module 8, according to the principle of multi-stage cooling of the required separation material, the constant temperature control and condensation treatment of the raw material steam are realized. Only the external heat exchange cooling temperature needs to be controlled to easily realize the temperature control of the external condenser 11, so that multi-stage graded cooling and distillation work can be realized according to the physical properties of the mixed raw material steam with different boiling points. Due to the modular design of the constant temperature module 7 and the separation module 8, the installation is convenient, and the tower body 1 can be freely assembled, so that the number of separation modules 8 can be controlled and changed, so that the same distillation tower can perform multi-stage distillation of multiple materials.

[0044] Secondly, the cooling part 4 is newly designed with an atomizing device 16, which can achieve uniform distribution of the condensed liquid and increase the efficiency of cooling the raw material steam when the condensed liquid is used.

[0045] Then, the design of the thermostatic module 7 is that the raw material steam enters the feed port 2 or the steam generated again through the reboiling section 3. When passing through different thermostatic tubes 18, the raw material steam can be temporarily stored in the space formed between the inner wall of the thermostatic tube 18 and a plurality of thermostatic cone plates 19. Since there is a heating tube 20 in the thermostatic module 7, the internal temperature of the thermostatic module 7 can be controlled by controlling the heating tube 20, so that the steam temperature can be more accurately controlled under the premise of a longer steam retention time. The setting of the thermostatic cone plate 19 can firstly cooperate with the thermostatic tube 18 to achieve the purpose of temporarily storing the raw material steam. Secondly, the heating tube 20 can be used in conjunction with the heating tube 20 to achieve the technical effect of increasing the heat conduction generated by the heating tube 20. Since the physical property of steam is that hotter steam floats and colder steam sinks, the inverted cone shape of the constant temperature cone plate 19 can ensure that the steam at the bottom layer in the space formed by the constant temperature cone plate 19 and the constant temperature tube 18 can continue to flow upward from the hole in the middle of the constant temperature cone plate 19 after a certain period of heating cycle, thereby optimizing the heating, insulation and temperature control effects of the constant temperature tube 18 on the gas inside it to the greatest extent, and making full preparations for subsequent separation.

[0046] Finally, the separation module 8 is designed to cooperate with the constant temperature steam generated by the constant temperature module 7. After the raw material steam enters the separation tube 22, it first contacts the separation sheet 23 in the separation tube 22. There is an atomized coolant sprayed by the condensing device on the separation sheet 23, which can be mixed with the steam to achieve the initial separation of the material with the highest boiling point in the steam. It should be noted here that since the cooling part 4 is provided with an atomizing device 16, the coolant discharged through the cooling part 4 is all atomized liquid particles. When it is attached to the separation sheet 23, under the premise that the temperature of the raw material steam inside the tower body 1 decreases step by step from bottom to top, the temperature of the atomized liquid on the separation sheet 23 in the lower separation module 8 is higher, so that it will not affect the raw material steam with a higher boiling point below, so that for the raw material steam from bottom to top of the multi-stage cooling distillation tower, according to the technical principle that the higher the boiling point of the steam, the more it will be separated in the separation module 8 at a lower position, an excellent auxiliary separation effect can be achieved, and the steam with a high boiling point in the lower part will not be repeatedly condensed and boiled due to the small temperature difference between the upper and lower cooling liquids, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0047] Among them, the most innovative technical points are the design of the condensation cone 37 and the sliding spiral plate 30. In actual use, a small range of precise cooling effect can be achieved on the part of the tube wall of the condenser 11 located at the condensation cone 37. By setting the sliding spiral plate 30, the cooling liquid can automatically rotate to generate a condensation vortex when flowing through the sliding spiral plate 30, and the condensation vortex can be controlled by the magnetic control device 31 to control the sliding spiral plate 30 to exist at the position of the condensation cone 37 or at the conventional tube wall position, so that the inner tube wall temperature at the position of the condensation cone 37 can be slightly lower, thereby achieving a technical effect of greatly optimizing the condensation efficiency in the condenser 11, and the conical shape of the condensation cone 37 can also automatically guide the liquid after the raw material steam is condensed to drip, so that it drips to the discharge pipe 14 and then is collected, which greatly optimizes the external control and precise control effect of the condensation temperature, thereby optimizing the efficiency and accuracy of the distillation tower to separate the raw material steam according to the different boiling points of the steam.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0049] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0050] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graded cooling distillation tower, comprising a tower body (1), a feed inlet (2), a reboiling section (3) and a cooling section (4), characterized in that: The tower body (1) comprises a tower top (5), a tower bottom (6), a constant temperature module (7) and a separation module (8); the constant temperature module (7) and the separation module (8) are arranged between the tower top (5) and the tower bottom (6); the constant temperature module (7) and the separation module (8) are connected in sequence to form a working unit of a distillation tower; a constant temperature device (9) is arranged in the constant temperature module (7); the separation module (8) comprises at least one separation column (10); the separation column (10) is provided with a condenser (11) outside the tower body (1); the condenser (11) is connected to the inside of the separation column (10) through a separation connection pipeline (12); an external refrigeration device (13) is arranged outside the condenser (11); and each of the condenser (11) is connected to a discharge pipe (14).

2. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling part (4) is connected to the tower top (5), and comprises a condensate temporary storage box, a pump body (15) and an atomizing device (16); the condensate temporary storage box is connected to the top of the tower body (1); the condensate temporary storage box is connected to the pump body (15) via a condensation connecting pipe; the pump body (15) is connected to the atomizing device (16) via a condensation connecting pipeline (17); and the atomizing device (16) is arranged inside the tower body (1).

3. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature module (7) comprises at least two constant temperature tubes (18), the constant temperature tubes (18) being detachably connected to the separation column (10), and at least one constant temperature cone plate (19) being arranged inside the constant temperature tube (18), the constant temperature cone plate (19) being in an inverted cone shape.

4. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The constant temperature device (9) comprises a plurality of heating tubes (20) arranged in the constant temperature tube (18), and the heating tubes (20) are externally connected to a heater (21).

5. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation column (10) comprises a separation tube (22), the separation tube (22) being detachably connected to the constant temperature module (7), both ends of the separation connection pipeline (12) being connected to the separation tube (22), and the condenser tube (11) being located in the middle of the separation connection pipeline (12) and being connected to the separation connection pipeline (12).

6. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one separation sheet (23) is arranged in the separation tube (22); the separation sheet (23) is in the shape of a round cake and has a diameter that is the same as the inner diameter of the separation tube (22); the separation sheet (23) is located in the middle of the separation connection pipeline (12); and a plurality of vent holes (24) are arranged on the separation sheet (23).

7. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external refrigeration device (13) comprises a condensation ring (25) and a heat exchange device (26) coated on the outside of the condensation tube (11), wherein the heat exchange device (26) comprises a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is connected to the condensation ring (25) via a heat exchange pipeline (27), wherein at least two connection ports (28) are provided on the condensation ring (25), wherein the connection ports (28) are located at the position of the separation connection pipeline (12), wherein a plurality of sliding support plates (29) are provided inside the condensation ring (25), wherein a sliding spiral plate (30) is slidably connected to the sliding support plate (29), wherein a spring is provided between the sliding spiral plate (30) and the sliding support plate (29), and wherein a magnetic control device (31) is provided outside the condensation ring (25), wherein the magnetic control device (31) can control the relative position of the sliding support plate (29) and the sliding spiral plate (30).

8. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The magnetic control device (31) includes a magnetic block (32) and a rotating ring (33) arranged outside the condensation ring (25); the rotating ring (33) is rotatably connected to the condensation ring (25); an external gear (34) is arranged on the outside of the rotating ring (33); a motor (35) and a driving gear (36) are arranged on the outside of the condensation ring (25); and the rotating ring (33) can control the movement of the magnetic block (32).

9. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: At least one condensation cone (37) is provided on the condensation tube (11), the discharge pipe (14) is located at the bottom of the condensation cone (37), and the sliding spiral plate (30) is located at the top of the condensation cone (37).

10. A graded cooling distillation tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature module (7) and the separation module (8) are both provided with a plurality of temperature detectors.

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