Mining rapid-hardening thin-spraying support material, preparation method and application thereof, and spraying equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mine laneway support preparation, and particularly discloses a mining rapid-hardening thin-spraying support material, a preparation method and application and spraying device.The mining rapid-hardening thin-spraying support material comprises a combination A and a combination B. The combination A comprises a sulphoaluminate cementing material, VAE emulsion and water, and the combination B comprises gypsum and a silicate solution. The rapid-hardening thin-spraying supporting material can be rapidly solidified in the spraying process, a supporting layer with certain strength and flexibility is formed in an extremely short time, a roadway can be rapidly supported, the roadway supporting speed is increased, the construction period is shortened, the roadway supporting efficiency is improved, and manpower and material resources are saved; and the roadway support construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mine tunnel support preparation, and in particular to a mine-used quick-setting thin spraying support material, a preparation method and application thereof, and spraying equipment. Background Art

[0002] The engineering geological conditions of the coal mine excavation working face are complex. The top plates and rock formations on both sides of some excavation tunnels are loose and easy to break. When drilling holes and driving anchors, the mechanical vibration can easily cause the surrounding rock to break and fall, damaging the drilling of the anchors, which brings difficulties to the tunnel surrounding rock support. In response to the above situation, the current support method is to use concrete, anchor nets, and concrete support methods. The purpose of the initial shotcrete support is to reinforce the loose and easily broken rock formations, and form the rock formations into a continuous whole through the shotcrete layer, so as to avoid them being broken and falling due to the influence of external force vibration, which is beneficial to the drilling of anchors. At present, the initial shotcrete material is mainly shotcrete, and the dry shotcrete method is used for construction. The construction equipment is low-cost and easy to operate.

[0003] However, in the long-term application process, it was found that shotcrete has some shortcomings. First, the concrete material takes a long time to solidify, and the speed of reaching the strength required for temporary support bearing is slow, which leads to a long entire construction period. Secondly, the concrete material is very brittle after hardening, and cracks and breakages have occurred after being subjected to external forces. It cannot play a good role in the initial spraying temporary support. At the same time, a large amount of dust pollution is generated during the concrete spraying process, which can easily lead to silicosis and affect the health of workers. In addition, the concrete spraying process has a high rebound rate during construction, which can easily cause serious waste of materials, thereby increasing the overall construction cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quick-setting thin spraying support material for mining, a preparation method and application and spraying equipment, aiming to solve some deficiencies of shotcrete found in the long-term application process in the prior art. First, the concrete material has a long curing time, and the speed of reaching the strength required for temporary support bearing is slow, which leads to a long entire construction period. Secondly, the concrete material is very brittle after hardening, and cracking and breaking have occurred after being subjected to external forces, and it cannot play a good role in the initial spraying temporary support. At the same time, a large amount of dust pollution is generated during the concrete spraying process, which can easily lead to silicosis and affect the health of workers. In addition, the concrete spraying process has a high rebound rate during construction, which can easily cause serious material waste, thereby leading to a technical problem of increased overall construction costs.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a mining quick-setting thin shotcrete support material, which includes a combination A and a combination B, wherein the combination A includes a sulphoaluminate binder, a VAE emulsion and water, and the combination B includes gypsum and a silicate solution;

[0006] Among them, the sulphoaluminate binder is 50-70 parts, the VAE emulsion is 10-20 parts, the water is 10-40 parts, the gypsum is 60-75, and the silicate solution is 25-40 parts.

[0007] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining, which is applied to the quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0008] The sulphoaluminate binder, VAE emulsion and water are mixed and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes to obtain a composition A;

[0009] The gypsum and silicate solution are mixed and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes to obtain a combination B;

[0010] Finally, the combination A and the combination B are mixed and sprayed outside the gun through a spraying device to obtain a quick-setting support material.

[0011] Wherein, the mass ratio of the A combination to the B combination is 1:1-2.

[0012] Wherein, the sulphoaluminate binder is one of sulphoaluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement clinker.

[0013] Wherein, the gypsum is one of anhydrous gypsum and hemihydrate gypsum.

[0014] Wherein, the silicate solution is one of potassium silicate solution, sodium silicate solution and silica sol.

[0015] Wherein, the glass transition temperature of the VAE emulsion is 0-10°C.

[0016] Among them, the mining quick-setting thin spraying support material is used for mining surface spraying.

[0017] Among them, the pneumatic double-liquid spraying equipment includes a double-tube spray gun, a first diaphragm pump, a second diaphragm pump and an equipment body, the double-tube spray gun is provided with a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet, the double-tube spray gun can spray out a spray in the shape of an atomized fan, and the spray in the shape of an atomized fan is mixed outside the gun, the outlet end of the first diaphragm pump is connected to a first liquid outlet high-pressure hose, and the first liquid outlet high-pressure hose is connected to the double-tube spray gun and is located at the first liquid inlet, the inlet end of the first diaphragm pump is connected to a first suction pipe, one end of the first suction pipe is provided with a first material distribution barrel, the outlet end of the second diaphragm pump is connected to a second liquid outlet high-pressure hose, and the second liquid outlet high-pressure hose is connected to the double-tube spray gun and is located at the second liquid inlet, the inlet end of the second diaphragm pump is connected to a second suction pipe, and the other end of the second suction pipe is provided with a second material distribution barrel, the first diaphragm pump and the second diaphragm pump are symmetrically arranged on the equipment body respectively.

[0018] The invention discloses a quick-setting thin-spraying support material for mining, a preparation method and application thereof, and a spraying device, comprising a combination A and a combination B, wherein the combination A comprises a sulphoaluminate binder, a VAE emulsion and water, and the combination B comprises gypsum and a silicate solution. The quick-setting thin-spraying support material of the present invention can be quickly solidified during the spraying process, and a support layer with certain strength and flexibility is formed in a very short time, so that a quick support effect can be formed on the tunnel, the tunnel support speed is accelerated, the construction period is shortened, the tunnel support efficiency is improved, manpower and material resources are saved, and the tunnel support construction cost is reduced, thereby effectively solving the problem of long-term application. During the process, it was found that shotcrete has some shortcomings. First, the concrete material takes a long time to solidify, and the speed of reaching the strength required for temporary support bearing is slow, which leads to a long entire construction period. Secondly, the concrete material is very brittle after hardening, and it has cracked and broken after being subjected to external forces. It cannot play a good role in the initial spraying temporary support. At the same time, a large amount of dust pollution is generated during the concrete spraying process, which can easily lead to silicosis and affect the health of workers. In addition, the concrete spraying process has a high rebound rate during construction, which can easily cause serious material waste, thereby leading to technical problems such as an increase in the overall construction cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 The invention discloses a flow chart of the steps of preparing a method for quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pneumatic double-liquid spraying equipment in the present invention.

[0022] 1-first material distribution barrel, 2-second material distribution barrel, 3-first material suction pipe, 4-second material suction pipe, 5-second diaphragm pump, 6-first diaphragm pump, 7-second liquid outlet high-pressure hose, 8-first liquid outlet high-pressure hose, 9-double-tube spray gun, 10-atomized fan-shaped spray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining, comprising a combination A and a combination B, wherein the combination A comprises a sulphoaluminate binder, a VAE emulsion and water, and the combination B comprises gypsum and a silicate solution;

[0025] Among them, the sulphoaluminate binder is 50-70 parts, the VAE emulsion is 10-20 parts, the water is 10-40 parts, the gypsum is 60-75, and the silicate solution is 25-40 parts.

[0026] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining, which is applied to the quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0027] The sulphoaluminate binder, VAE emulsion and water are mixed and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes to obtain a composition A;

[0028] The gypsum and silicate solution are mixed and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes to obtain a combination B;

[0029] Finally, the combination A and the combination B are mixed and sprayed outside the gun through a spraying device to obtain a quick-setting support material.

[0030] Furthermore, the sulphoaluminate binder is one of sulphoaluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement clinker.

[0031] Furthermore, the gypsum is one of anhydrous gypsum and hemihydrate gypsum.

[0032] Furthermore, the silicate solution is one of potassium silicate solution, sodium silicate solution and silica sol.

[0033] Furthermore, the glass transition temperature of the VAE emulsion is 0 to 10°C.

[0034] Furthermore, the quick-setting thin-spray support material for mining is applied to mining surface spraying.

[0035] Furthermore, the pneumatic two-liquid spraying equipment includes a double-tube spray gun 9, a first diaphragm pump 6, a second diaphragm pump 5 and an equipment body, the double-tube spray gun 9 is provided with a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet, the double-tube spray gun 9 can spray out a spray 10 in the shape of an atomized fan, and the spray 10 in the shape of an atomized fan is mixed outside the gun, the outlet end of the first diaphragm pump 6 is connected to a first liquid outlet high-pressure hose 8, and the first liquid outlet high-pressure hose 8 is connected to the double-tube spray gun 9 and is located at the first liquid inlet, the first The inlet end of the diaphragm pump 6 is connected to the first suction pipe 3, one end of which is provided with a first distribution barrel 1, the outlet end of the second diaphragm pump 5 is connected to the second liquid outlet high-pressure hose 7, and the second liquid outlet high-pressure hose 7 is connected to the double-tube spray gun 9 and is located at the second liquid inlet, the inlet end of the second diaphragm pump 5 is connected to the second suction pipe 4, the other end of the second suction pipe 4 is provided with a second distribution barrel 2, the first diaphragm pump 6 and the second diaphragm pump 5 are symmetrically arranged on the equipment body.

[0036] In the present invention, the two first suction pipes 3 and the second suction pipes 4 are respectively inserted into the stirred first distribution barrel 1 and the second distribution barrel 2 through the pneumatic two-liquid spraying equipment, and the A combination and the B combination are sprayed in an atomized fan shape through the two nozzles of the double-tube spray gun 9. The angle formed by the two spray gun tubes of the double-tube spray gun 9 allows the A combination and the B combination to collide and mix at high speed outside the muzzle and then be evenly sprayed onto the surface of the tunnel surrounding rock, and a 5-10 mm spray layer is formed on the surface of the surrounding rock.

[0037] In summary, the quick-setting thin spraying support material, preparation method and application and spraying equipment for mining of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the quick-setting spraying support material of the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of shotcrete materials such as slow hardening speed, high brittleness, thick spraying layer, high pollution and high rebound. While achieving the effect of rapid support for the tunnel, the material is green and environmentally friendly, uses less material, has high hourly strength, has certain toughness and does not crack, can quickly play a supporting and bearing role for the loose and easily broken surrounding rock of the tunnel, thereby improving the construction efficiency and support safety. The quick-setting spraying support material has the characteristics of fast curing time, high early strength, low heat release, no rebound and no dripping during spraying, and thin spraying layer. It can quickly and effectively seal the loose and easily broken surrounding rock of the tunnel, play a rapid supporting and bearing role for the surrounding rock, and improve the safety and construction efficiency of the tunnel.

[0038] In the present invention, adjustments can be made according to actual on-site needs and surrounding rock conditions, wherein parameters such as the proportion of each component in the quick-setting spraying support material, the selection of construction equipment, and the spraying pressure can be adjusted to achieve the best rapid support effect.

[0039] In the present invention, embodiments of the A combination are also provided.

[0040] Furthermore, the A combination has the following eight embodiments:

[0041] Wherein 50 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 10 parts of VAE emulsion and 40 parts of water are the first embodiment;

[0042] 50 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 10 parts of VAE emulsion, and 40 parts of water are used as the second embodiment;

[0043] 50 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 20 parts of VAE emulsion, and 30 parts of water are the third embodiment;

[0044] 50 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 20 parts of VAE emulsion, and 30 parts of water are used as the fourth embodiment;

[0045] 50 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 10 parts of VAE emulsion, and 20 parts of water are the fifth embodiment;

[0046] 70 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 10 parts of VAE emulsion, and 20 parts of water are the sixth embodiment;

[0047] 70 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 20 parts of VAE emulsion, and 10 parts of water are the seventh embodiment;

[0048] 70 parts of sulphoaluminate cement clinker, 20 parts of VAE emulsion and 10 parts of water are used as the eighth embodiment; please refer to the table below for details.

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] In the present invention, embodiments of the B combination are also provided.

[0052] Further, the B combination has the following eight embodiments, wherein 60 parts of anhydrous gypsum and 40 parts of potassium silicate solution are the first embodiment;

[0053] 60 parts of hemihydrate gypsum and 40 parts of potassium silicate solution are the second embodiment;

[0054] 60 parts of anhydrous gypsum and 40 parts of silica sol are the third embodiment;

[0055] 60 parts of hemihydrate gypsum and 40 parts of silica sol are the fourth embodiment;

[0056] 75 parts of anhydrous gypsum and 25 parts of potassium silicate solution are the fifth embodiment;

[0057] 75 parts of hemihydrate gypsum and 25 parts of potassium silicate solution are the sixth embodiment;

[0058] 75 parts of anhydrous gypsum and 25 parts of silica sol are the seventh embodiment;

[0059] 75 parts of hemihydrate gypsum and 25 parts of silica sol are used in the eighth embodiment; please refer to the table below for details.

[0060]

[0061] In the present invention, various data on the use of the A combination and the B combination are also provided.

[0062] Further, the specific data are eight embodiments, wherein the A combination is 50 parts and the B combination is 50 parts, the initial setting time is 45s, the final setting time is 6min, the maximum reaction temperature is less than 35°C, the tensile strength is 1.9MPa, the 1h compressive strength is 7MPa, and the 24h compressive strength is 15MPa as the first embodiment;

[0063] The A combination is 50 parts and the B combination is 50 parts, the initial setting time is 38s, the final setting time is 5min, the maximum reaction temperature is less than 35°C, the tensile strength is 2.2MPa, the 1h compressive strength is 8MPa, and the 24h compressive strength is 19MPa as the second embodiment;

[0064] The A combination is 50 parts and the B combination is 50 parts, the initial setting time is 42s, the final setting time is 6min, the maximum reaction temperature is less than 35°C, the tensile strength is 1.8MPa, the 1h compressive strength is 7MPa, and the 24h compressive strength is 16MPa as the third embodiment;

[0065] The A combination is 50 parts and the B combination is 50 parts, the initial setting time is 36 seconds, the final setting time is 6 minutes, the maximum reaction temperature is less than 35°C, the tensile strength is 2.3MPa, the 1h compressive strength is 7MPa, and the 24h compressive strength is 18MPa as the fourth embodiment;

[0066] The A combination is 33 parts and the B combination is 67 parts, the initial setting time is 20 seconds, the final setting time is 3 minutes, the maximum reaction temperature is less than 35°C, the tensile strength is 2.9MPa, the 1h compressive strength is 11MPa, and the 24h compressive strength is 20MPa as the fifth embodiment;

[0067] The A combination is 33 parts and the B combination is 67 parts, the initial setting time is 25s, the final setting time is 4min, the maximum reaction temperature is less than 35°C, the tensile strength is 2.7MPa, the 1h compressive strength is 9MPa, and the 24h compressive strength is 18MPa as the sixth embodiment;

[0068] The A combination is 33 parts and the B combination is 67 parts, the initial setting time is 26s, the final setting time is 4min, the maximum reaction temperature is less than 35°C, the tensile strength is 2.5MPa, the 1h compressive strength is 9MPa, and the 24h compressive strength is 19MPa as the seventh embodiment;

[0069] When the A combination is 33 parts and the B combination is 67 parts, the initial setting time is 21s, the final setting time is 3min, the maximum reaction temperature is less than 35°C, the tensile strength is 2.8MPa, the 1h compressive strength is 10MPa, and the 24h compressive strength is 20MPa as the eighth embodiment; please refer to the table below for details.

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] It can be seen from the above data that the quick-setting thin-spraying support material of the present invention has good mechanical properties, forms a film quickly during the spraying process, has quick setting and early strength, has good adhesion to the base rock wall, has high hourly strength after film formation, is flexible and not easy to crack. It has a good reinforcement and support effect on loose and easily broken surrounding rocks, indicating that the quick-setting thin-spraying support material of the present invention can effectively play a supporting and bearing role for the loose and easily broken surrounding rocks of the tunnel, facilitates the subsequent anchor drilling construction, and improves the construction efficiency and support safety.

[0073] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining, characterized in that: Comprising a combination A and a combination B, wherein the combination A comprises a sulphoaluminate binder, a VAE emulsion and water, and the combination B comprises gypsum and a silicate solution; Among them, the sulphoaluminate binder is 50-70 parts, the VAE emulsion is 10-20 parts, the water is 10-40 parts, the gypsum is 60-75, and the silicate solution is 25-40 parts.

2. A method for preparing a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining, applied to the quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: The sulphoaluminate binder, VAE emulsion and water are mixed and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes to obtain a composition A; The gypsum and silicate solution are mixed and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes to obtain a combination B; Finally, the combination A and the combination B are mixed and sprayed outside the gun through a spraying device to obtain a quick-setting support material.

3. A method for preparing a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the A combination to the B combination is 1:1-2.

4. A method for preparing a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The sulphoaluminate binder is one of sulphoaluminate cement and sulphoaluminate cement clinker.

5. A method for preparing a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The gypsum is one of anhydrous gypsum and hemihydrate gypsum.

6. A method for preparing a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The silicate solution is one of potassium silicate solution, sodium silicate solution and silica sol.

7. A method for preparing a quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The glass transition temperature of the VAE emulsion is 0-10°C.

8. The use of the quick-setting thin shotcrete support material for mining as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-setting thin spraying support material for mining is applied to mining surface spraying.

9. A pneumatic double-liquid spraying device, using the quick-setting thin spraying support material for mining as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic two-liquid spraying equipment includes a double-tube spray gun, a first diaphragm pump, a second diaphragm pump and an equipment body. The double-tube spray gun is provided with a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet. The double-tube spray gun can spray out a spray in the shape of an atomized fan, and the spray in the shape of an atomized fan is mixed outside the gun. The outlet end of the first diaphragm pump is connected with a first liquid outlet high-pressure hose, and the first liquid outlet high-pressure hose is connected to the double-tube spray gun and is located at the first liquid inlet. The inlet end of the first diaphragm pump is connected with a first suction pipe, and one end of the first suction pipe is provided with a first material distribution barrel. The outlet end of the second diaphragm pump is connected with a second liquid outlet high-pressure hose, and the second liquid outlet high-pressure hose is connected to the double-tube spray gun and is located at the second liquid inlet. The inlet end of the second diaphragm pump is connected with a second suction pipe, and the other end of the second suction pipe is provided with a second material distribution barrel. The first diaphragm pump and the second diaphragm pump are symmetrically arranged on the equipment body respectively.

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