Programmable electric field and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis method and device

Abstract

The invention provides an electrochemical synthesis method and device controlled by a programmable electric field and a magnetic field, and relates to the technical field of electrical devices, the device comprises an electrolytic bath, two electrodes, a programmable alternating current source, a magnetic field generation device and a control device; the electrolytic bath is used for accommodating electrolyte subjected to electrochemical reaction; the programmable alternating current source is connected with the two electrodes and is used for providing an alternating electric field into the electrolytic bath; the magnetic field generating device is used for providing an alternating magnetic field into the electrolytic bath; and the control device is used for adjusting the parameters of the programmable alternating current source so as to adjust the electric field parameters of the alternating electric field and adjust the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field so as to optimize the electrochemical reaction rate and directionally prepare the material. According to the invention, the material favorable for reconstruction can be prepared, so that when the material is used as a cathode and an anode in a battery, the deterioration trend occurring in the charging and discharging process can be reduced, further, metal or other materials on the surfaces of the cathode and the anode cannot be physically and chemically changed, and the corrosion phenomenon is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical devices, and in particular to an electrochemical synthesis method and device controlled by programmable electric and magnetic fields. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of the power grid, various external factors may cause disturbances. For traditional power systems, synchronous generators can ensure the stable operation of the entire power grid by actively adjusting power and voltage. However, for new power systems, the volatility of a high proportion of new energy power grids makes it impossible to actively support voltage and frequency to ensure the stability of the power grid. They do not have the inertial response and voltage support capabilities of traditional synchronous generators. Once a power grid failure occurs, it may cause rapid changes in voltage and frequency, thereby affecting the stability of the power grid and posing a greater risk to the safety of the power system. Therefore, how to suppress the occurrence of large-scale grid disconnection failures caused by power grid fluctuations is a major challenge.

[0003] At present, grid energy storage is developing rapidly as an important technology for adjusting grid fluctuations. It stores electric energy in energy storage devices through various technical means. When the power demand increases, the energy in the energy storage device is released to meet the power demand. Specifically, electrochemical energy storage can store electric energy when there is excess power generation from new energy sources, and release electric energy when the power demand is peak or the power generation from new energy sources is insufficient, thereby effectively smoothing the output of new energy sources and improving the grid's ability to accept new energy sources; in addition, electrochemical energy storage plays a key role in realizing the peak and frequency regulation of the power system. By quickly responding to the power change requirements of the power grid, it can stabilize the frequency and voltage of the power grid and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system. Storing electric energy when the grid load is low and releasing electric energy when the load is peak effectively alleviates the peak-to-valley difference of the grid and improves the operation efficiency and economy of the grid. Finally, electrochemical energy storage also provides emergency power supply guarantee for the grid. When a sudden failure or natural disaster causes a power outage in the grid, the energy storage system can start quickly to provide continuous power supply for important loads and key facilities, ensuring the rapid recovery and normal operation of the grid.

[0004] An electrochemical energy storage system mainly includes core links such as batteries, PCS converters, BMS battery management systems, and EMS temperature control systems. The battery link in the front belongs to electrochemistry, and the latter belongs to electronics and electrical. With its advantages such as fast response speed, high energy density, no geographical restrictions, and gradually improved economy, it has become an important force in new energy storage technology and provides strong support for the development of future power systems. However, the key to improving this energy storage technology lies in the preparation of various materials in the system, such as cathodes, anodes, and membrane materials. Such materials prepared by traditional synthesis methods have more or less defects, causing the cathode and anode in the battery to undergo redox chemical reactions with a deterioration trend during the charging and discharging process, resulting in physical and chemical changes in the metal or other materials on the surface of the electrode, thereby causing corrosion and affecting the service life of the battery. This phenomenon not only increases the cost per kilowatt-hour of the energy storage equipment throughout the cycle, but also weakens the stability of the power system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical synthesis method and device controlled by programmable electric and magnetic fields, which is used to solve the problems that the materials prepared by the prior art synthesis methods have more or less defects, produce corrosion phenomena, and affect the service life of energy storage batteries. It can prepare materials that are beneficial to reconstruction, reduce corrosion phenomena, and extend the service life of energy storage batteries.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrochemical synthesis device controlled by a programmable electric field and a magnetic field, comprising an electrolytic cell, two electrodes, a programmable AC source, a magnetic field generating device and a control device; The electrolytic cell is used to contain electrolyte in which electrochemical reaction occurs; the programmable AC source is connected to the two electrodes and is used to provide an alternating electric field into the electrolytic cell; the magnetic field generating device is used to provide an alternating magnetic field into the electrolytic cell; the control device is used to adjust the parameters of the programmable AC source to adjust the electric field parameters of the alternating electric field and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field to optimize the rate of the electrochemical reaction and prepare materials in a directionally controlled manner.

[0007] According to the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric field and magnetic field provided by the present invention, the electric field parameters include electric field intensity and electric field direction.

[0008] According to the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric field and magnetic field provided by the present invention, the parameters of the programmable AC source include waveform, amplitude and frequency.

[0009] According to the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric field and magnetic field provided by the present invention, the magnetic field parameters include magnetic induction intensity and magnetic field direction.

[0010] According to a programmable electric field and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device provided by the present invention, the magnetic field generating device includes a controllable AC source, two energized solenoids and a rotatable guide rail. The rotatable guide rail is located outside the electrolytic cell. The rotatable guide rail is used to carry the energized solenoid. The energized solenoid is connected to the controllable AC source. The control device is also used to adjust the parameters of the controllable AC source and control the rotatable guide rail to rotate, thereby adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field.

[0011] According to the programmable electric field and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device provided by the present invention, the electrode is a rod-shaped electrode, and the bottom surface of the electrode and the central axis of the energized solenoid are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0012] According to the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric field and magnetic field provided by the present invention, the parameters of the controllable AC source include waveform, amplitude and frequency.

[0013] According to a programmable electric field and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device provided by the present invention, the control device adjusts the parameters of the programmable AC source and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field based on the Nernst equation and the redox potential.

[0014] According to the present invention, a programmable electric field and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device is provided, and the material includes a cathode, an anode or a membrane material of an electrochemical energy storage system.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electrochemical synthesis method controlled by a programmable electric field and a magnetic field, using the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by a programmable electric field and a magnetic field according to the first aspect, the method comprising: Step 1, loading an electrolyte for electrochemical reaction into an electrolytic cell; Step 2, providing an alternating electric field and an alternating magnetic field into the electrolytic cell; Step 3: Adjust the parameters of the programmable AC source to adjust the electric field parameters of the alternating electric field and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field to optimize the rate of the electrochemical reaction and prepare the material in a directionally controlled manner.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following technical effects: The present invention provides a programmable electric field and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis method and device, which utilizes the electrosynthesis technology of alternating current coupled with alternating magnetic field, changes the trend or direction of electrochemical reaction by alternating current, reduces the kinetic barrier of electrochemical reaction by alternating electric field, and regulates the physical structure of electrochemical synthesis materials based on Nernst equation and redox potential, optimizes the parameters of AC power supply (waveform, amplitude, frequency, etc.) and magnetic field parameters of alternating magnetic field (magnetic induction intensity, magnetic field direction, etc.), thereby preparing materials that are conducive to reconstruction, such as cathode materials, anode materials, membrane materials, etc., so that when the material is used as cathode and anode in the battery, it can reduce the deterioration trend that occurs during the charging and discharging process, and thus will not cause physical and chemical changes in metals or other materials on the surface of cathode and anode, and avoid corrosion. Using the materials prepared by the present invention to prepare electrochemical energy storage systems, it is possible to absorb excess new energy electricity, solve the problem of battery charging and discharging in different scenarios, and improve the voltage limit problem of electrochemical energy storage systems. Furthermore, the prepared electrochemical energy storage system can solve the problem of irregular impact of wind and solar power output on the power grid. By optimizing material design and improving the trend of material aging and degradation, the electrochemical energy storage system can release electrical energy when the output of renewable energy is small and the load is large. At the same time, the problem of large-scale grid-offline failures caused by the failure of renewable energy output to be absorbed by the system load in a timely manner can be solved, thereby achieving the goal of minimizing the cost of grid operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] In the attached picture: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric field and magnetic field of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electric field intensity in the electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic induction intensity of the horizontal plane corresponding to the bottom surface of the electrode of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of magnetic induction intensity of the electrode of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0021] See also Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrochemical synthesis device controlled by a programmable electric field and a magnetic field, comprising an electrolytic cell, two electrodes, a programmable AC source, a magnetic field generating device and a control device (not shown); The electrolytic cell is used to contain electrolyte in which electrochemical reaction occurs; a programmable AC source is connected to two electrodes to provide an alternating electric field into the electrolytic cell; a magnetic field generating device is used to provide an alternating magnetic field into the electrolytic cell; a control device is used to adjust parameters (waveform, amplitude and frequency, etc.) of the programmable AC source to adjust the electric field parameters (electric field strength and electric field direction, etc.) of the alternating electric field and to adjust the magnetic field parameters (magnetic induction strength and magnetic field direction) of the alternating magnetic field to optimize the rate of the electrochemical reaction and to prepare materials in a directionally prepared manner (for example, cathode, anode or membrane material of an electrochemical energy storage system, etc.).

[0022] Specifically, the magnetic field generating device includes a controllable AC source, two energized solenoids and a rotatable guide rail, the rotatable guide rail is located outside the electrolytic cell, the rotatable guide rail is used to carry the energized solenoid, the energized solenoid is connected to the controllable AC source, and the control device is also used to adjust the parameters (waveform, amplitude and frequency, etc.) of the controllable AC source, and control the rotatable guide rail to rotate, thereby adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field. Furthermore, the rotatable guide rail can carry the energized solenoid to achieve 360° rotation to change the direction of the alternating magnetic field.

[0023] It should be noted that a programmable AC source refers to an AC power source that can modulate any waveform (such as square wave, triangle wave, sine wave, etc.), and can arbitrarily change parameters such as frequency, amplitude, phase, etc. under constant or changing current or voltage conditions. A controllable AC source refers to one that can quickly and arbitrarily change the direction and size of the current, achieve rapid and arbitrary switching of the magnetic field, and regulate the strength and direction of the spatial magnetic field.

[0024] Specifically, the control device adjusts the parameters of the programmable AC source and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field based on the Nernst equation and the redox potential. The current electrochemical reaction rate can be deduced from the Nernst equation through the redox reaction trend between the electrode material and the electrolyte. Since the electrochemical reaction rate is affected by the electric field and the magnetic field, the electric field strength in the electrolytic cell can be changed. E The distribution of and the magnetic induction intensity of the reaction surface B The rate of the electrochemical reaction can be changed, and the electrochemical reaction rate can be optimized by continuously adjusting the electric field and the magnetic field.

[0025] It should be noted that under certain working conditions (given an initial electromagnetic environment), the electrosynthesized material is carried out, but this initial given electromagnetic environment is not necessarily optimal, and the parameters of the above-mentioned AC power supply and alternating magnetic field (amplitude, duty cycle, frequency, magnetic field strength / direction, etc.) need to be changed to adjust and optimize. Because before the external electromagnetic field is applied, the Nernst equation can determine the thermodynamic trend, but whether this trend is required is debatable, so the present invention changes the trend of the electrochemical reaction by adjusting the electromagnetic field parameters, and the magnitude of these parameter values ​​determines the speed of the electrochemical reaction rate.

[0026] A more detailed description is as follows: like Figure 1 As shown, the electrode is a rod-shaped electrode, and the bottom surface of the electrode is located at the same horizontal plane as the central axis of the energized solenoid. Under normal working conditions, a two-dimensional mathematical model of the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric and magnetic fields is established on this horizontal plane, and the coupling effect of the electromagnetic field is ignored in the model.

[0027] Since the electrolytic cell is in a highly symmetrical state, it is only necessary to calculate the electric field strength corresponding to the electrode cross section. The cross-sectional diagram of the electric field strength in the electrolytic cell is shown in Figure 2 As shown. Assuming that the electrodes are ideal rod electrodes, the two electrodes are cathode and anode respectively, the Laplace equation satisfied by the potential distribution in the electrolytic cell is shown in formula (1): (1) In the formula, represents the electric potential, x , y Indicates the position (horizontal and vertical coordinates) in the horizontal rectangular coordinate system. Considering the initial conditions of the electric potential and ignoring the resistance on the electrode, we have: (2) (3) Considering that alternating current is passed through the electrodes, V 0 is a time-varying function (a function with time as the independent variable). However, considering the symmetry of the cross section and voltage, we have: (4) Considering the boundary conditions of the electrolytic cell, since the wall of the electrolytic cell is insulated, the boundary conditions of equations (5) to (6) are obtained: (5) (6) in, L x and L y Respectively represent the electrolytic cell in the rectangular coordinate system x Direction and y direction. Ignoring the electrode radius and assuming that the charges in the electrode are evenly arranged, for any point in space ( x , y ),have: (7) In the formula, k is the electrostatic force constant, k ≈8.99×10 9 N·m 2 / C 2 ; λ 1. λ 2 represents the charge line density of the anode and cathode respectively. Considering the symmetry condition, the two are opposite to each other; C 0 is a constant determined by the boundary conditions of equations (2) to (3). Considering that the potential at the point where the distance between the two electrodes is equal is 0, C 0=0; r 1. r 2 respectively represent the distance from any point in space to the anode and cathode, and the calculation formula is shown in formula (8):

[0028] (8) Where (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are the coordinates of the anode and cathode in the space respectively.

[0029] After the electric potential is obtained, the electric field strength E The electric potential can be solved by The negative gradient of is obtained, that is: (9) In the formula, , The electric field strength is E of x Axis components and y Axis component.

[0030] The direction of the magnetic field inside the electrolytic cell and on the electrode surface can be achieved by controlling the rotatable guide rail to achieve 360° continuous rotation. Therefore, the direction of the magnetic induction intensity is no longer discussed here, only the modulus of the magnetic induction intensity is discussed.

[0031] The magnetic induction intensity of the alternating magnetic field generated by the energized solenoid B As shown in formula (10): (10) in, n is the number of turns of the coil, I is the current flowing in the coil, μ is the magnetic permeability. Ignoring ferromagnetic saturation and magnetic electrolyte, μ ≈ μ 0=4π×10 -7 T / m, μ 0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum.

[0032] In the static magnetic state, the magnetic induction intensity in the electrolyte can be calculated by the Biot-Savart law, and its basic formula is shown in formula (11): (11) in, I is the source current, L is the integral path, dl is a tiny line element of the source current, e r is the unit vector of the source current pointing to the field point to be determined, r is the distance between the source current and the field point to be calculated. If the two energized solenoids are set to pass the same current, the magnetic field symmetry in the region can be achieved, reducing the calculation complexity.

[0033] According to the above formula, the magnetic induction intensity of the electrode bottom corresponding to the horizontal plane and the electrode can be calculated B The calculation results are as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0034] After determining the magnitude and direction of the above-mentioned alternating current and alternating magnetic field, the parameters of the AC power supply and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field can be optimized based on the Nernst equation and the redox potential to regulate the physical structure of the electrochemically synthesized materials (i.e., to synthesize different materials).

[0035] When the temperature is at room temperature (298K), the redox reaction trend of the electrode material and the electrolyte substance is derived from the Nernst equation (12). By changing the parameters of the above-mentioned AC power supply and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field, the electrochemical reaction rate can be optimized, the surface structure and morphology of the material can be changed, and the corresponding electric field parameters and magnetic field parameters can be set in turn by comparing the products.

[0036] (12) in, E θ is the standard electrode potential, E is the electrode potential at the actual concentration, n is the number of transferred electrons in the electrode reaction, It is the product of all product concentrations raised to power divided by the product of all reactant concentrations raised to power.

[0037] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides an electrochemical synthesis method controlled by programmable electric field and magnetic field, using the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric field and magnetic field of the above embodiment, the method includes: Step 1, loading an electrolyte for electrochemical reaction into an electrolytic cell; Step 2, providing an alternating electric field and an alternating magnetic field into the electrolytic cell; Step 3: Adjust the parameters of the programmable AC source to adjust the electric field parameters of the alternating electric field and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field to optimize the rate of the electrochemical reaction and prepare the material in a directionally controlled manner.

[0038] In summary, the programmable electric field and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis method and device provided by the present invention have the following advantages: 1. Use electrosynthesis technology with AC power supply to change the trend or direction of electrochemical reaction through AC power, reduce the kinetic barrier of electrochemical reaction through alternating electric field, prevent physical and chemical changes of metal or other materials on the electrode surface, thereby reducing corrosion and extending battery life.

[0039] 2. By coupling the alternating magnetic field technology and optimizing the parameters of the AC power supply and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field based on the Nernst equation and the redox potential, materials that are conducive to reconstruction are prepared to enhance the battery's service life and working efficiency.

[0040] 3. The present invention optimizes the structural design and introduces the coupled alternating magnetic field technology, which not only increases the life of the energy storage battery and increases the economic benefits, but also increases the power of the energy storage battery under the same conditions and enhances the power grid's absorption capacity.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the embodiments disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed by the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric and magnetic fields, characterized in that: It includes an electrolytic cell, two electrodes, a programmable AC source, a magnetic field generating device and a control device; The electrolytic cell is used to contain an electrolyte for electrochemical reaction; the programmable AC source is connected to two electrodes and is used to provide an alternating electric field in the electrolytic cell; The magnetic field generating device is used to provide an alternating magnetic field into the electrolytic cell; the control device is used to adjust the parameters of the programmable AC source to adjust the electric field parameters of the alternating electric field and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field to optimize the rate of the electrochemical reaction and prepare materials in a directionally controlled manner.

2. The programmable electric and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric field parameters include electric field intensity and electric field direction.

3. The programmable electric and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parameters of the programmable AC source include waveform, amplitude and frequency.

4. The programmable electric and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic field parameters include magnetic induction intensity and magnetic field direction.

5. The programmable electric and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic field generating device includes a controllable AC source, two energized solenoids and a rotatable guide rail. The rotatable guide rail is located outside the electrolytic cell. The rotatable guide rail is used to carry the energized solenoid. The energized solenoid is connected to the controllable AC source. The control device is also used to adjust the parameters of the controllable AC source and control the rotatable guide rail to rotate, thereby adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field.

6. The programmable electric and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electrode is a rod-shaped electrode, and the bottom surface of the electrode and the central axis of the energized solenoid are located in the same horizontal plane.

7. The programmable electric and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The parameters of the controllable AC source include waveform, amplitude and frequency.

8. The programmable electric and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device adjusts the parameters of the programmable AC source and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field based on the Nernst equation and the redox potential.

9. The programmable electric and magnetic field controlled electrochemical synthesis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials include cathode, anode or membrane materials of electrochemical energy storage systems.

10. An electrochemical synthesis method controlled by programmable electric and magnetic fields, characterized in that: Using the electrochemical synthesis device controlled by programmable electric and magnetic fields as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprises: The electrolytic cell is filled with an electrolyte for electrochemical reaction; Providing an alternating electric field and an alternating magnetic field into the electrolytic cell; The parameters of the programmable AC source are adjusted to adjust the electric field parameters of the alternating electric field, and the magnetic field parameters of the alternating magnetic field are adjusted to optimize the rate of the electrochemical reaction and to prepare the material in a directionally controlled manner.

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