Single-well cross-well profile simulation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a single-well crosswell profile simulation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining an actual single-well crosswell profile; measuring the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well crosswell profile; using the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well crosswell profile to characterize the structure of the fracture system of the actual single-well crosswell profile, and constructing a geological model; obtaining actual logging data, and analyzing the actual logging data to obtain physical parameters; based on the geological model, constructing a preliminary single-well forward model; using the physical parameters to assign values to the preliminary single-well forward model to obtain a corrected single-well forward model; performing convolution forward on the corrected single-well forward model to obtain a single-well forward model after convolution forward; using the single-well forward model after convolution forward to perform single-well forward simulation to obtain a simulated single-well crosswell profile. The method can improve the accuracy of the simulated single-well crosswell profile.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seismic data interpretation, and particularly relates to a single-well cross-well profile simulation method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Carbonate reservoirs are a common type of oil and gas reservoir, among which fractured-vuggy reservoirs are the most optimal. This is because fractured-vuggy reservoirs have large storage spaces, and the fractures provide good permeation channels, allowing oil and gas to accumulate and be extracted. That is, carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoirs are a type of high-yield well reservoir.

[0003] Carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoirs have a more complex structure compared to other types of reservoirs. This is due to the diversity of carbonate composition and structure, as well as the complex distribution and morphology of fractures and vugs in fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

[0004] These characteristics make the storage and permeation performance of fractured-vuggy reservoirs very unstable, making it difficult to extract oil and gas.

[0005] High-yield well reservoir identification and evaluation is an important oil geology and geophysical technology, mainly involving the fine description and prediction of underground reservoirs to determine the location and reserves of high-yield wells. Therefore, high-yield well reservoir identification and evaluation is one of the important means of studying carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

[0006] In the process of high-yield well reservoir identification and evaluation, single-well forward modeling methods can be used as a tool to help understand and study the characteristics of the reservoir.

[0007] The process of using single-well forward modeling methods to study carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoirs typically includes the following steps:

[0008] 1. Collect data: First, relevant data of carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoirs need to be collected, including geological, geophysical, drilling, and production history data.

[0009] 2. Establish mathematical model: Based on the collected data, use single-well forward modeling to establish a mathematical model of the carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir. This model should be able to simulate the physical processes in the formation and the propagation of seismic waves, so as to predict the seismic section and geophysical response in the formation.

[0010] 3. Simulate seismic section: Using the established mathematical model, the propagation of seismic waves in the formation can be simulated, generating a seismic section. The seismic section needs to be able to reflect the characteristics and distribution of carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoirs.

[0011] 4. Simplify the geological model: according to the single well cross well profile generated by simulation, simplify the geological model, that is, optimize the geological model, improve the understanding and understanding of the characteristics and distribution of the reservoir.

[0012] 5. Parameter assignment and model establishment: according to the simplified geological model, the general characteristics of the single well cross well profile are observed by naked eye, and the single well forward model is established according to the experience parameter assignment. This single well forward model needs to reflect the actual situation of the carbonate fracture-cave type reservoir, and can be used for productivity prediction and development plan design.

[0013] As can be seen from the fifth step in the above research process, the process of using single well forward simulation to study carbonate fracture-cave type reservoir has the following problems:

[0014] The general characteristics of the seismic profile are obtained by naked eye observation, and the experience parameter assignment is assigned, so that the human interference factor is strong, and the accuracy of the single well forward model is low. The single well forward model can obtain the single well cross well profile by single well forward simulation, and due to the low accuracy of the single well forward model itself, the precision of the simulated single well cross well profile is also low. That is, it is difficult to accurately simulate the single well cross well profile. SUMMARY

[0015] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a single well cross well profile simulation method, device, computer equipment and storage medium aiming at the above technical problems.

[0016] A single well cross well profile simulation method comprises:

[0017] Obtain the actual single well cross well profile;

[0018] Measure the fracture characteristics of the actual single well cross well profile;

[0019] Use the fracture characteristics of the actual single well cross well profile to structure the fracture system of the actual single well cross well profile, and construct a geological model;

[0020] Obtain the actual logging data, and analyze the physical parameters of the actual logging data;

[0021] Based on the geological model, a preliminary single well forward model is constructed;

[0022] The physical parameters are used to assign values to the preliminary single well forward model to obtain a corrected single well forward model;

[0023] Fold the forward of the corrected single well forward model to obtain the single well forward model after convolution;

[0024] The single-well forward modeling is simulated by using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward, to obtain a simulated single-well cross-hole profile.

[0025] In one embodiment, after the step of simulating the single-well forward modeling by using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward, to obtain a simulated single-well cross-hole profile, the method further comprises:

[0026] The simulated single-well cross-hole profile is iteratively optimized by using the actual single-well cross-hole profile, to obtain an optimized simulated single-well cross-hole profile.

[0027] In one embodiment, the step of performing convolution forward on the modified single-well forward model to obtain a single-well forward model after convolution forward comprises:

[0028] In the process of performing the convolution forward on the modified single-well forward model, the modified single-well forward model is optimized by using the actual single-well cross-hole profile, to obtain the single-well forward model after convolution forward.

[0029] In one embodiment, the step of simulating the single-well forward modeling by using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward, to obtain a simulated single-well cross-hole profile comprises:

[0030] The shot gather data and the velocity volume data are obtained by using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward;

[0031] The offset imaging is performed by using the velocity volume data and the shot gather data, to obtain a simulated single-well cross-hole profile through the offset imaging.

[0032] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the shot gather data and the velocity volume data by using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward comprises:

[0033] The observation data are obtained;

[0034] The wave equation is obtained;

[0035] The shot gather data are obtained by using the observation data based on the single-well forward model after the convolution forward and the wave equation;

[0036] The velocity volume data are derived by using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward.

[0037] In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the wave equation is as follows:

[0038]

[0039]

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] wherein, U=U(x,z,t), U is the acoustic pressure, V is the propagation velocity of the acoustic wave in the medium, and s(x,z,t) is the source function.

[0043] A single-well crosswell profile simulation device, comprising:

[0044] A profile acquisition module, configured to acquire an actual single-well crosswell profile;

[0045] A fracture feature measurement module, configured to measure a fracture feature of the actual single-well crosswell profile;

[0046] A geological model construction module, configured to perform structural delineation on a fracture system of the actual single-well crosswell profile by using the fracture feature of the actual single-well crosswell profile, and construct a geological model;

[0047] A physical parameter acquisition module, configured to acquire actual logging data, and analyze the actual logging data to obtain a physical parameter;

[0048] A preliminary single-well forward model construction module, configured to construct a preliminary single-well forward model based on the geological model;

[0049] An assignment module, configured to assign the physical parameter to the preliminary single-well forward model to obtain a corrected single-well forward model;

[0050] A convolution forward module, configured to perform convolution forward on the corrected single-well forward model to obtain a single-well forward model after convolution forward;

[0051] A profile simulation module, configured to perform single-well forward simulation by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward to obtain a simulated single-well crosswell profile.

[0052] In an embodiment, the single-well crosswell profile simulation device further comprises:

[0053] A simulated profile optimization module, configured to perform iterative optimization on the simulated single-well crosswell profile by using the actual single-well crosswell profile to obtain an optimized simulated single-well crosswell profile.

[0054] In an embodiment, the convolution forward module comprises:

[0055] A self-excited self-receiving convolution forward unit, configured to optimize the corrected single-well forward model by using the actual single-well crosswell profile in a process of performing self-excited self-receiving convolution forward on the corrected single-well forward model to obtain the single-well forward model after convolution forward.

[0056] In an embodiment, the profile simulation module comprises:

[0057] a data acquisition unit configured to obtain shot gather data and velocity body data by using the single-well forward modeling model after the convolution forward;

[0058] a profile simulation unit configured to perform migration imaging by using the velocity body data and the shot gather data, and to obtain a simulated single-well profile by the migration imaging.

[0059] In one embodiment, the data acquisition unit comprises:

[0060] an observation data acquisition subunit configured to acquire observation data;

[0061] a wave equation acquisition subunit configured to acquire a wave equation;

[0062] a shot gather operator unit configured to obtain the shot gather data by using the observation data based on the single-well forward modeling model after the convolution forward and the wave equation;

[0063] a velocity body data derivation subunit configured to derive the velocity body data by using the single-well forward modeling model after the convolution forward.

[0064] A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and wherein the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the following steps:

[0065] acquiring an actual single-well profile;

[0066] measuring fracture features of the actual single-well profile;

[0067] conducting structural delineation of a fracture system of the actual single-well profile by using the fracture features of the actual single-well profile, and constructing a geological model;

[0068] acquiring actual logging data, and analyzing the actual logging data to obtain physical parameters;

[0069] constructing a preliminary single-well forward modeling model based on the geological model;

[0070] assigning values to the preliminary single-well forward modeling model by using the physical parameters, and obtaining a corrected single-well forward modeling model;

[0071] conducting convolution forward on the corrected single-well forward modeling model, and obtaining a single-well forward modeling model after convolution forward;

[0072] conducting single-well forward simulation by using the single-well forward modeling model after convolution forward, and obtaining a simulated single-well profile.

[0073] A computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0074] acquire an actual single-well crosswell profile;

[0075] measure a fracture feature of the actual single-well crosswell profile;

[0076] characterize a fracture system of the actual single-well crosswell profile by using the fracture feature of the actual single-well crosswell profile, and construct a geological model;

[0077] acquire actual logging data, and analyze the actual logging data to obtain physical parameters;

[0078] construct a preliminary single-well forward model based on the geological model;

[0079] assign values to the preliminary single-well forward model by using the physical parameters to obtain a corrected single-well forward model;

[0080] perform convolution forward on the corrected single-well forward model to obtain a single-well forward model after convolution forward;

[0081] perform single-well forward simulation by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward to obtain a simulated single-well crosswell profile.

[0082] The single-well crosswell profile simulation method described above, the fracture feature of the actual single-well crosswell profile is measured, that is, the fracture feature of the actual single-well crosswell profile is obtained based on objective data, so that the accuracy of the geological model is improved. Similarly, the physical parameters are obtained based on the actual logging data, that is, the physical parameters are also obtained based on objective data. This not only avoids the problem that the accuracy of the subsequent single-well forward model is low due to the strong human interference factor caused by the traditional method of observing the general characteristics of the seismic profile by naked eyes, but also avoids the problem that the accuracy of the subsequent single-well forward model is low due to the strong human interference factor caused by the traditional method of assigning values by using empirical parameters. The accuracy of the corrected single-well forward model obtained by assigning values by using the physical parameters is improved, and the accuracy of the single-well forward model after convolution forward is improved by optimizing the corrected single-well forward model through convolution forward.

[0083] Due to the improved accuracy of the single-well forward model after convolution forward, the accuracy of the simulated single-well crosswell profile simulated by the single-well forward model after convolution forward is improved, that is, the precise simulation of the actual single-well crosswell profile is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0084] Figure 1 A flowchart of a single-well crosswell profile simulation method of an embodiment;

[0085] Figure 2 A flowchart of a single-well forward simulation method of a carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on a grid structure of another embodiment;

[0086] Figure 3 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure; Figure 2 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure;

[0087] Figure 4 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure; Figure 2 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure;

[0088] Figure 5 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure; Figure 2 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure;

[0089] Figure 6 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure; Figure 2 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure;

[0090] Figure 7 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure;

[0091] Figure 8 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure; Figure 2 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure;

[0092] Figure 9 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure;

[0093] Figure 10 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0094] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0095] Embodiment One

[0096] As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure; Figure 1 As shown in the single well forward modeling method for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir based on grid structure;

[0097] Step 100, obtaining an actual single well cross section.

[0098] In this embodiment, the actual single-well cross well profile is constructed by the characteristics and parameters of the formation structure. In this embodiment, the formation structure includes, but is not limited to, carbonate fracture-cave reservoir, sandstone reservoir, limestone reservoir, volcanic rock reservoir, biological reef reservoir and tight sandstone reservoir. In this embodiment, the structure of the carbonate fracture-cave reservoir includes, but is not limited to, lattice structure, lump structure and composite structure.

[0099] In step 200, the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile are measured.

[0100] In this embodiment, the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile are obtained by measurement, that is, the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile are objective data obtained by measurement, avoiding the problem that the traditional method of observing the approximate characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile by naked eye causes serious human factor interference.

[0101] In step 300, the fracture system of the actual single-well cross well profile is structurally characterized by using the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile, and a geological model is constructed.

[0102] In this way, the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile can be used to construct a geological model that conforms to the actual single-well cross well profile. The fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile are obtained by measurement in step 200, avoiding the problem that the traditional method of observing the approximate characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile by naked eye causes serious human factor interference, and thus the accuracy of the geological model constructed by using the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross well profile is improved. In this embodiment, when the single-well cross well profile simulation method is applied to a carbonate fracture-cave reservoir with lattice structure, a model that conforms to the geological conditions is established according to the lattice structure characteristics of the carbonate fracture-cave reservoir.

[0103] In step 400, actual logging data is obtained, and physical parameters are obtained by analyzing the actual logging data.

[0104] In this embodiment, the physical parameters are obtained by analyzing the actual logging data, that is, the physical parameters are obtained based on objective data, avoiding the problem that the traditional method of assigning values based on experience causes strong human interference factors and thus the accuracy of the subsequent single-well forward model is low, and thus the accuracy of the modified single-well forward model obtained by assigning values based on physical parameters is improved. In this embodiment, the actual logging data includes actual acoustic travel time logging data and actual density logging curve.

[0105] In step 500, a preliminary single-well forward model is constructed based on the geological model.

[0106] In the embodiment, the geological model is obtained by using the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well well profile in step 300, and is obtained by using the fracture system of the actual single-well well profile to construct a structure, that is, the geological model is obtained based on objective data, so that the accuracy of the preliminary single-well forward model obtained based on the geological model is improved.

[0107] In step 600, the physical parameters are used to assign values to the preliminary single-well forward model to obtain a corrected single-well forward model.

[0108] In the embodiment, the actual logging data is used to assign accurate physical parameters to the preliminary single-well forward model, so that the accuracy of the preliminary single-well forward model is effectively improved, that is, the accuracy of the corrected single-well forward model is improved.

[0109] In step 700, the corrected single-well forward model is subjected to convolution forward to obtain a single-well forward model after convolution forward.

[0110] In the embodiment, the corrected single-well forward model is subjected to convolution forward to obtain a single-well forward model after convolution forward. The convolution forward is a quality control process for the corrected single-well forward model. The quality control process is advanced, so that simple errors caused by low accuracy of the corrected single-well forward model are avoided, the accuracy of the simulated single-well well profile is improved, and the process is simplified by reducing the return to the optimization step of the corrected single-well forward model. In the embodiment, the single-well forward model after convolution forward can be corrected, that is, the accuracy of the single-well forward model after convolution forward is improved. In the embodiment, the corrected single-well forward model is modified by self-excitation and self-recovery convolution forward.

[0111] In step 800, the single-well forward model after convolution forward is used to perform single-well forward simulation to obtain a simulated single-well well profile.

[0112] In the embodiment, the accuracy of the single-well forward model after convolution forward obtained in step 700 is improved, so that the accuracy of the simulated single-well well profile obtained by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward is improved, that is, the simulated single-well well profile accurately simulates the actual single-well well profile.

[0113] The fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross-well profile are measured, that is, the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross-well profile are obtained based on objective data, so that the accuracy of the geological model is improved. Similarly, the physical parameters are obtained based on actual logging data, that is, the physical parameters are also obtained based on objective data, so as to not only avoid the problem that the traditional method of observing the general characteristics of the seismic profile by the naked eye is strong in human interference factors and causes the accuracy of the subsequent single-well forward model to be low, but also avoid the problem that the traditional method of assigning values by experience is strong in human interference factors and causes the accuracy of the subsequent single-well forward model to be low, so that the accuracy of the modified single-well forward model obtained by assigning values by the physical parameters is improved, and the deconvolution forward optimizes the modified single-well forward model, so that the accuracy of the single-well forward model after the deconvolution forward is improved.

[0114] Since the accuracy of the single-well forward model after the deconvolution forward is improved, the accuracy of the simulated single-well cross-well profile simulated by the single-well forward model after the deconvolution forward is improved, that is, the precise simulation of the actual single-well cross-well profile is realized.

[0115] In one embodiment, after the step of performing single-well forward simulation by using the single-well forward model after the deconvolution forward to obtain a simulated single-well cross-well profile, the method comprises:

[0116] The simulated single-well cross-well profile is iteratively optimized by using the actual single-well cross-well profile to obtain an optimized simulated single-well cross-well profile.

[0117] In this embodiment, the imaging effect of the simulated single-well cross-well profile is controlled by using the characteristics of the actual single-well cross-well profile, and the imaging effect of the simulated single-well cross-well profile, that is, the similarity between the simulated single-well cross-well profile and the actual single-well cross-well profile, is used as the basis. If the imaging effect of the simulated single-well cross-well profile does not meet the expectation, the step 700 is returned to be iterated again to this step until the simulated single-well cross-well profile that precisely simulates the actual single-well cross-well profile is obtained. In this embodiment, the forward result is controlled, and the ideal forward result with high similarity is obtained through multiple iterations. In this embodiment, the optimized simulated single-well cross-well profile is the simulated single-well cross-well profile after multiple iterations.

[0118] In one embodiment, the step of performing deconvolution forward on the modified single-well forward model to obtain a single-well forward model after the deconvolution forward comprises:

[0119] In the process of performing self-excitation and self-reception deconvolution forward on the modified single-well forward model, the modified single-well forward model is optimized by using the actual single-well cross-well profile to obtain the single-well forward model after the deconvolution forward.

[0120] In the embodiment, the self-excitation and self-collection convolution forward modeling has the advantages over the conventional convolution forward modeling in that the self-excitation and self-collection convolution forward modeling can automatically generate seismic wave signals, avoiding the cumbersome process of manually designing seismic wave signals, and can better simulate the real seismic wave propagation, and the self-excitation and self-collection convolution forward modeling can be used for single-well forward modeling without using actual seismic data, i.e., generating single-well crosswell profiles and seismic responses, and has a higher degree of automation; in addition, the self-excitation and self-collection convolution forward modeling can improve the accuracy and reliability of the corrected single-well forward modeling through multiple iterations and optimization, so that the accuracy of the single-well forward modeling after convolution forward modeling is improved.

[0121] In one embodiment, the step of using the single-well forward modeling after convolution forward modeling to perform single-well forward modeling to obtain a simulated single-well crosswell profile comprises:

[0122] Using the single-well forward modeling after convolution forward modeling to obtain shot gather data and velocity body data;

[0123] Using the velocity body data and the shot gather data to perform migration imaging to obtain a simulated single-well crosswell profile through migration imaging.

[0124] In the embodiment, the accuracy of the single-well forward modeling after convolution forward modeling obtained in step 700 is improved, so that the accuracy of the shot gather data and the velocity body data obtained from the single-well forward modeling after convolution forward modeling is improved, and the accuracy of the simulated single-well crosswell profile obtained through migration imaging using the velocity body data and the shot gather data is improved. In the process of using the single-well forward modeling after convolution forward modeling to perform single-well forward modeling to obtain a simulated single-well crosswell profile, the migration imaging of the simulated single-well crosswell profile through the velocity body data and the shot gather data is used to iteratively optimize the single-well forward modeling after convolution forward modeling to obtain an optimized single-well forward modeling, and the simulated single-well crosswell profile based on the optimized single-well forward modeling. The migration imaging of the simulated single-well crosswell profile through the velocity body data and the shot gather data makes the simulated single-well crosswell profile close to the actual single-well crosswell profile, and accordingly optimizes the single-well forward modeling after convolution forward modeling.

[0125] In one embodiment, the step of using the velocity body data and the shot gather data to perform migration imaging to obtain a simulated single-well crosswell profile comprises:

[0126] Obtaining Paradigm;

[0127] Obtaining Kirchhoff;

[0128] The Paradigm is used to perform Kirchhoff migration imaging on the shot gather data and the velocity volume data, to iteratively optimize the single-well forward model after convolution forward, to obtain an optimized single-well forward model, and to simulate the simulated single-well well profile based on the optimized single-well forward model.

[0129] In this embodiment, the Paradigm is software with migration imaging function. In this embodiment, Kirchhoff is an equation, and Kirchhoff migration imaging is a seismic data processing method based on the Helmholtz-Hodge principle, which uses the propagation path of seismic waves in the ground and the position information of reflection points to redistribute the coherent energy in the seismic record to its true position, thereby realizing the imaging of the underground structure. This method synthesizes the data of each receiving point in the seismic record to obtain the seismic record at each position, thereby better reflecting the situation of the underground structure.

[0130] In one embodiment, before the step of obtaining the shot gather data and the velocity volume data by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward, it comprises:

[0131] Obtaining a uniform grid program;

[0132] By the uniform grid program, the shot gather data and the velocity volume data are given the same size grid.

[0133] In this embodiment, by giving the calculated shot gather and derived velocity volume data the same size grid, more accurate seismic wave field simulation and seismic response calculation can be performed. The uniform shot gather data and velocity volume data grid is used for migration imaging to obtain the forward result, which is the simulated single-well well profile. In this embodiment, the uniform grid program includes Omega.

[0134] In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the shot gather data and the velocity volume data by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward comprises:

[0135] Obtaining observation data;

[0136] Obtaining wave equation;

[0137] Based on the single-well forward model after convolution forward and the wave equation, the shot gather data is obtained by using the observation data;

[0138] The velocity volume data is derived by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward.

[0139] In this embodiment, the shot gather data is obtained based on the shot gather operation of the wave equation, that is, the shot gather data is obtained based on objective conditions, avoiding the problem that the shot gather data is inaccurate due to human factors, ensuring the accuracy of the shot gather data, and further improving the accuracy of the simulated single well cross well profile obtained by using the shot gather data for simulation. In this embodiment, the observation data is the actual engineering construction parameter, and the observation system is constructed according to the actual engineering construction parameter. The observation system includes a geophysical exploration system, a geochemical exploration system, a geological remote sensing system, and an underground engineering and drilling engineering. The geophysical exploration system studies the geological structure by studying the physical properties of the rock stratum, such as magnetism, electrical conductivity, and density. The geochemical exploration system studies the geological structure by studying the distribution and migration law of elements in the crust. The geological remote sensing system obtains geological information such as remote sensing images and digital elevation models by using satellite or aerial remote sensing technology to assist geological survey and mineral resources exploration. The underground engineering and drilling engineering obtains rock samples from the underground by underground engineering or drilling engineering to study the geological structure and mineral distribution in the crust. That is, the observation system is constructed based on accurate actual engineering construction parameters, so that the accuracy of the shot gather data obtained by using the observation system is improved, and the accuracy of the simulated single well cross well profile obtained by using the shot gather data and the velocity body data for subsequent migration imaging is improved.

[0140] In one embodiment, based on the convolutional forward model after the forward and the wave equation, the step of obtaining the shot gather data based on the observation data comprises:

[0141] obtaining the seismic wave field characteristics by the wave equation;

[0142] obtaining the seismic wave field characteristics by the wave equation;

[0143] performing an operation on the seismic wave field characteristics by using the observation data and the graphics processing program to obtain the shot gather data.

[0144] In this embodiment, the operation is a shot gather operation. In this embodiment, the graphics processing program is set on the graphics processor, and the graphics processor is a GPU. The GPU is used to accelerate the operation of the shot gather operation. In this embodiment, the shot gather data is obtained by using the innovative forward process based on the GPU accelerated operation, that is, the efficiency of the shot gather operation is improved by using the GPU. In this embodiment, the observation system is constructed by using the observation data, and the operation on the seismic wave field characteristics is performed by using the observation system to obtain the shot gather data.

[0145] In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the wave equation is as follows:

[0146]

[0147]

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] where U = U(x, z, t), U is the acoustic pressure, V is the propagation velocity of the acoustic wave in the medium, and s(x, z, t) is the source function.

[0151] It should be understood that, although Figure 1 the steps in the flowchart of the method of claim 1 are shown in sequential order, such that each step is performed after another, it is not necessary for the steps to be performed in the order shown by the arrows. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, the steps of the method are not necessarily performed in the order shown, and the steps can be performed in other orders. Moreover, Figure 1 at least some of the steps in the method of claim 1 can comprise multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times, and the order of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed in rotation or alternation with at least some of the other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0152] Example 2

[0153] In this example, a single-well forward modeling method based on a grid structure for carbonate fracture-cave reservoirs of an example is provided, which comprises:

[0154] Select the depth domain seismic data cross-well profile of the target to be studied, that is, the actual single-well cross-well profile, and establish a geological model based on the grid structure that meets the geological characteristics; calculate the physical parameters of each geological body based on the actual logging data and assign values to the geological model; design a seismic acquisition observation system based on the actual acquisition parameters, the actual acquisition parameters in this example being the observation data in the above example; obtain a preliminary single-well forward model using the geological model and the observation data, and obtain a preliminary result by self-excitation and self-reception convolution forward to quality control the preliminary single-well forward model; use Omega to establish a unified grid for the shot gather data and the velocity body data obtained by GPU accelerated operation, and use Paradigm to perform prestack depth migration using the Kirchhoff equation, the migration imaging in the above example including the prestack depth migration in this example, to obtain imaging results, the imaging results in this example being the simulated single-well cross-well profile in the above example. Quality control the imaging results, and obtain the final forward modeling result by multiple iterations, the final forward modeling result in this example being the final simulated single-well cross-well profile in the above example obtained. After multiple iterations, an optimized single-well forward model is obtained.

[0155] In this embodiment, the single-well forward modeling method is applied to the construction of the optimized single-well forward model and the construction of the simulated single-well crosswell profile.

[0156] Embodiment three

[0157] In this embodiment, another embodiment of the single-well forward modeling method for the carbonate fracture-cave type reservoir based on the grid structure is provided, which comprises:

[0158] 1) a geological model conforming to the geological conditions is established according to the grid structure characteristics of the carbonate fracture-cave type reservoir;

[0159] 2) the geological model is given accurate physical parameters by using actual logging data and engineering parameters, and an observation system is established, wherein the engineering parameters in this embodiment are the observation data in the above embodiment;

[0160] 3) a preliminary grid structure single-well forward model is established based on the above steps, wherein the preliminary grid structure single-well forward model in this embodiment is the preliminary single-well forward model in the above embodiment;

[0161] 4) the preliminary grid structure single-well forward model is modified to obtain a modified single-well forward model through self-excitation and self-receiving convolution forward quality control;

[0162] 5) the shot gather data is obtained by using the innovative forward procedure based on GPU accelerated operation;

[0163] 6) the shot gather data and the velocity body data grid are unified, and migration imaging is performed to obtain a forward result, wherein the forward result in this embodiment is the simulated single-well crosswell profile in the above embodiment;

[0164] 7) the forward result is quality controlled, and an ideal forward result with high similarity is obtained through multiple iterations, wherein the ideal forward result in this embodiment is the optimized single-well crosswell profile in the above embodiment.

[0165] The innovation of the present application lies in that the grid structure is used in single-well model forward for the first time, and the single-well model forward in this embodiment is the single-well forward simulation in the above embodiment, which lays a foundation for subsequent research. The present application aims at the problems in actual production, such as low coincidence degree between the single-well forward simulation result and the actual single-well crosswell profile, complex and lengthy forward procedure, etc., and through the innovations such as using the grid structure for single-well forward model establishment, convolution forward quality control, and GPU-based accelerated efficient calculation of shot gather, the accuracy and work efficiency of the single-well model forward are improved, which lays a foundation for realizing fine research of the reservoir.

[0166] The single well forward modeling method based on the grid structure is used to simulate the single well forward modeling of the high-yield single well, and a standardized and efficient workflow of the single well forward modeling is provided, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the single well forward modeling result.

[0167] Embodiment Four

[0168] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , a single well forward modeling method based on the grid structure of another embodiment of the carbonate fracture-cave type reservoir is provided, which comprises:

[0169] In a certain exploration area in the northwest, in view of the seismic response characteristics and fine research on the reservoir structure of the carbonate reservoir,

[0170] As shown in Figure 7 , first, the depth domain profile of a certain high-yield well is selected, which is also the actual single well profile. According to the fracture characteristics and fracture grid structure mode of the actual single well profile, as shown in Figure 3 , a 1:1 reduced geological model is established. According to the actual engineering construction parameters, the actual engineering construction parameters in this embodiment are the observation data in the above embodiment, and according to the acoustic travel time and density curves of the actual logging data, the geological model is given accurate physical parameters of interval velocity and density. The acoustic travel time and density curves of the actual logging data in this embodiment are the actual acoustic travel time logging data and the actual density logging data in the above embodiment. The physical parameters actually used are wavelet frequency 22Hz, calculation grid 5m, shot distance 50m, trace distance 50m, and arrangement length 8000m. As shown in Figure 4 , a preliminary single well forward modeling is obtained. Secondly, the convolution forward modeling is carried out in the self-excitation and self-collection mode, and the results are compared with the actual single well profile to carry out quality control in advance. The model in this embodiment is the preliminary single well forward modeling in the above embodiment. In view of the problems in the model, such as the wrong relationship between the phase axis and the strength, the inaccurate stratum shape, and the unobvious fracture characteristics, the preliminary single well forward modeling is modified, and the quality control process is advanced to avoid inaccurate results caused by simple errors in the later stage. Then, according to the innovative forward workflow as shown in Figure 6 , the innovative forward workflow is the innovative forward simulation step. The shot gather data obtained based on the GPU accelerated operation and the derived velocity body data are established into a unified grid by Omega, and the Kirchhoff equation is used by Paradigm to carry out pre-stack depth migration, as shown in Figure 5 , the imaging result is obtained, which is the simulated single well profile in the above embodiment. The imaging result is iterated for multiple times, as shown in Figure 8 , the final forward simulation result is obtained. The final forward simulation result in this embodiment is the simulated single well profile after multiple iterations in the above embodiment.

[0171] The actual seismic profile described in this embodiment is the actual single-well cross-well profile in the above-described embodiment. As can be seen from the comparison between the final forward simulation result and the actual seismic profile, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the actual single-well cross-well profile and the simulated single-well cross-well profile after iteration have good matching effects, and the actual single-well cross-well profile and the model forward result have high consistency, verifying the reliability and applicability of the method. The model forward result described in this embodiment is the optimized simulated single-well cross-well profile in the above-described embodiment.

[0172] Finally, according to the model structure and the fracture-reservoir space characteristics obtained by forward simulation, a foundation is laid for further development of the seismic response characteristics of high-yield well carbonate reservoirs and fine analysis of reservoirs. The model structure described in this embodiment is the optimized single-well forward model in the above-described embodiment, and the fracture-reservoir space characteristics are obtained through the optimized simulated single-well cross-well profile.

[0173] The single-well forward simulation process based on the grid structure for the carbonate fracture-cave type reservoir has achieved good results.

[0174] In the application in a certain exploration area in the northwest, the process designed by the application can calculate relatively accurate single-well forward results, providing valuable research ideas and results for fine description of fracture-cave bodies in the oilfield. The single-well forward result described in this embodiment is the optimized simulated single-well cross-well profile in the above-described embodiment.

[0175] In this embodiment, a single-well forward model with high accuracy is established for the carbonate fracture-cave type reservoir with a grid structure, and the single-well cross-well profile is accurately simulated through the single-well forward model to obtain an optimized simulated single-well cross-well profile. The single-well forward model described in this embodiment is the optimized single-well forward model in the above-described embodiment.

[0176] Embodiment Five

[0177] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 9 , a single-well cross-well profile simulation device is provided, which includes:

[0178] The profile acquisition module 910 is configured to acquire an actual single-well cross-well profile.

[0179] The fracture feature measurement module 920 is configured to measure the fracture features of the actual single-well cross-well profile.

[0180] The geological model construction module 930 is configured to use the fracture features of the actual single-well cross-well profile to depict the structure of the fracture system of the actual single-well cross-well profile and construct a geological model.

[0181] The physical parameter acquisition module 940 is configured to acquire actual logging data, and parse the actual logging data to obtain physical parameters.

[0182] The preliminary single-well forward modeling module 950 is configured to construct a preliminary single-well forward model based on a geological model.

[0183] The assignment module 960 is configured to assign the physical parameters to the preliminary single-well forward model to obtain a corrected single-well forward model.

[0184] The convolution forward modeling module 970 is configured to perform convolution forward modeling on the corrected single-well forward model to obtain a single-well forward model after convolution forward modeling.

[0185] The profile simulation module 980 is configured to perform single-well forward simulation by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward modeling to obtain a simulated single-well profile.

[0186] In an embodiment, the single-well profile simulation device further includes:

[0187] The simulated profile optimization module is configured to perform iterative optimization on the simulated single-well profile by using the actual single-well profile to obtain an optimized simulated single-well profile.

[0188] In an embodiment, the convolution forward modeling module includes:

[0189] The self-excited and self-collected convolution forward modeling unit is configured to optimize the corrected single-well forward model by using the actual single-well profile in the process of performing self-excited and self-collected convolution forward modeling on the corrected single-well forward model to obtain the single-well forward model after convolution forward modeling.

[0190] In an embodiment, the profile simulation module includes:

[0191] The data acquisition unit is configured to obtain shot gather data and velocity body data by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward modeling.

[0192] The profile simulation unit is configured to perform migration imaging by using the velocity body data and the shot gather data, and obtain a simulated single-well profile through migration imaging.

[0193] In an embodiment, the data acquisition unit includes:

[0194] The observation data acquisition sub-unit is configured to acquire observation data.

[0195] The wave equation acquisition sub-unit is configured to acquire a wave equation.

[0196] A shot gather operator unit is configured to obtain the shot gather data based on the deconvolution post-forward single well forward model and the wave equation using the observation data.

[0197] A velocity volume data deriving sub-unit is configured to derive the velocity volume data using the deconvolution post-forward single well forward model.

[0198] The specific limitations of the single well cross well profile simulation device can refer to the limitations of the single well cross well profile simulation method described above, which will not be repeated here. Each unit in the single well cross well profile simulation device described above can be realized by software, hardware and their combination. The above-mentioned units can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in hardware form, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in software form, so that the processor calls and executes the operations corresponding to each unit.

[0199] Embodiment six

[0200] In this embodiment, a computer device is provided. Its internal structure diagram can be as shown in Figure 10 The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen and an input device connected through a system bus. The processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program, and the non-volatile storage medium is deployed with a database for storing actual single well cross well profile, shot gather data and velocity volume data. The internal memory provides an environment for the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium to run. The network interface of the computer device is configured to communicate with other computer devices deployed with application software. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement a single well cross well profile simulation method. The display screen of the computer device can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen. The input device of the computer device can be a touch layer overlaid on the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad arranged on the shell of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0201] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 10 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of part of the structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific computer device can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0202] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the following steps:

[0203] Step 100, obtaining an actual single-well crosswell profile;

[0204] Step 200, measuring a fracture feature of the actual single-well crosswell profile;

[0205] Step 300, structurally characterizing a fracture system of the actual single-well crosswell profile by using the fracture feature of the actual single-well crosswell profile, and constructing a geological model;

[0206] Step 400, obtaining actual logging data, and analyzing the actual logging data to obtain physical parameters;

[0207] Step 500, constructing a preliminary single-well forward model based on the geological model;

[0208] Step 600, assigning values to the preliminary single-well forward model by using the physical parameters, and obtaining a corrected single-well forward model;

[0209] Step 700, performing convolution forward on the corrected single-well forward model, and obtaining a single-well forward model after convolution forward;

[0210] Step 800, performing single-well forward simulation by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward, and obtaining a simulated single-well crosswell profile.

[0211] In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further implements the following steps:

[0212] performing iterative optimization on the simulated single-well crosswell profile by using the actual single-well crosswell profile, and obtaining an optimized simulated single-well crosswell profile.

[0213] In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further implements the following steps:

[0214] In the process of performing self-excitation and self-recovery convolution forward on the corrected single-well forward model, the actual single-well crosswell profile is used to optimize the corrected single-well forward model, and the single-well forward model after convolution forward is obtained.

[0215] In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further implements the following steps:

[0216] obtaining shot gather data and velocity body data by using the single-well forward model after convolution forward;

[0217] performing migration imaging by using the velocity body data and the shot gather data, and obtaining a simulated single-well crosswell profile through migration imaging.

[0218] In one embodiment, the processor, when executing the computer program, further implements the following steps:

[0219] Obtaining observation data;

[0220] Obtaining a wave equation;

[0221] Based on the single-well forward model after convolution and the wave equation, the shot gather data is obtained by using the observation data;

[0222] The velocity body data is derived by using the single-well forward model after convolution.

[0223] In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the wave equation is as follows:

[0224]

[0225]

[0226]

[0227]

[0228] Wherein, U = U (x, z, t), U is the sound pressure, V is the propagation velocity of the sound wave in the medium, and s (x, z, t) is the source function.

[0229] Embodiment seven

[0230] In this embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, and a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps:

[0231] Step 100, obtaining an actual single-well crosswell profile;

[0232] Step 200, measuring the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well crosswell profile;

[0233] Step 300, using the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well crosswell profile to structureally depict the fracture system of the actual single-well crosswell profile, and constructing a geological model;

[0234] Step 400, obtaining actual logging data, and analyzing the actual logging data to obtain physical parameters;

[0235] Step 500, constructing a preliminary single-well forward model based on the geological model;

[0236] Step 600, using the physical parameters to assign values to the preliminary single-well forward model to obtain a corrected single-well forward model;

[0237] Step 700, performing convolution forward on the corrected single-well forward model to obtain a single-well forward model after convolution;

[0238] Step 800, using the single well forward modeling model after the convolution forward modeling to perform single well forward modeling simulation to obtain simulated single well cross well profile.

[0239] In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, further implements the following steps:

[0240] Using the actual single well cross well profile, the simulated single well cross well profile is iteratively optimized to obtain an optimized simulated single well cross well profile.

[0241] In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, further implements the following steps:

[0242] In the process of self-excitation and self-reception convolution forward modeling of the corrected single well forward modeling model, the actual single well cross well profile is used to optimize the corrected single well forward modeling model to obtain the single well forward modeling model after the convolution forward modeling.

[0243] In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, further implements the following steps:

[0244] Using the single well forward modeling model after the convolution forward modeling to obtain shot gather data and velocity body data;

[0245] Using the velocity body data and the shot gather data to perform migration imaging to obtain simulated single well cross well profile through migration imaging.

[0246] In one embodiment, the computer program, when executed by the processor, further implements the following steps:

[0247] Obtaining observation data;

[0248] Obtaining wave equation;

[0249] Based on the single well forward modeling model after the convolution forward modeling and the wave equation, using the observation data to obtain the shot gather data;

[0250] Using the single well forward modeling model after the convolution forward modeling to derive the velocity body data.

[0251] In one embodiment, the calculation formula of the wave equation is as follows:

[0252]

[0253]

[0254]

[0255]

[0256] wherein U = U(x, z, t), U is the acoustic pressure, V is the propagation velocity of the acoustic wave in the medium, and s(x, z, t) is the source function.

[0257] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed, the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments of the methods can be included. Any reference to memory, storage, databases, or other media in the embodiments provided by the present application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration but not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0258] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict, they should be considered as within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0259] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for simulating a single-well cross-section, characterized in that, include: Obtain the actual single-well cross-section; Measure the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross-section; Using the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross-section, the fracture system of the actual single-well cross-section is structurally characterized, and a geological model is constructed. Obtain actual well logging data and analyze the actual well logging data to obtain physical parameters; Based on the geological model, a preliminary single-well forward model was constructed; The physical parameters are used to assign values ​​to the preliminary single-well forward model to obtain the corrected single-well forward model; The modified single-well forward model is subjected to convolution forward modeling to obtain the convolution forward modeling single-well forward modeling; Using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward modeling, a single-well forward modeling simulation is performed to obtain the simulated single-well well profile; Using the actual single-well well passage profile, the simulated single-well well passage profile is iteratively optimized to obtain an optimized simulated single-well well passage profile.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing convolutional forward modeling on the modified single-well forward model to obtain the convolutionally forward modeled single-well forward model includes: In the process of performing self-excited and self-recovering convolutional forward modeling on the modified single-well forward modeling, the modified single-well forward modeling is optimized using the actual single-well well profile to obtain the convolutional forward modeling of the single-well forward modeling.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing a single-well forward modeling simulation using the convolution-formed single-well forward model to obtain the simulated single-well well profile includes: The shot gather data and velocity volume data are obtained using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward modeling. The velocity volume data and the shot gather data are used to perform offset imaging, and a simulated single-well cross-section is obtained through offset imaging.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining shot gather data and velocity volume data using the single-well forward model after convolution forward modeling include: Acquire observation data; Obtain the wave equation; Based on the single-well forward model after the convolution forward modeling and the wave equation, the shot gather data is obtained using the observation data; The velocity volume data are derived using the single-well forward model after the convolution forward modeling.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wave equation is calculated as follows: Where U = U(x, z, t), U is the sound pressure, V is the propagation speed of the sound wave in the medium, and s(x, z, t) is the source function.

6. A single-well well profile simulation device, characterized in that, include: The profile acquisition module is used to acquire the actual single-well cross-section. The fracture feature measurement module is used to measure the fracture features of the actual single-well cross-section. The geological model construction module is used to construct a geological model by structurally characterizing the fracture system of the actual single-well cross-section using the fracture characteristics of the actual single-well cross-section. The physical parameter acquisition module is used to acquire actual well logging data and parse the actual well logging data to obtain physical parameters; A preliminary single-well forward model building module is used to build a preliminary single-well forward model based on a geological model. The assignment module is used to assign values ​​to the preliminary single-well forward model using the physical parameters to obtain a corrected single-well forward model. The convolution forward modeling module is used to perform convolution forward modeling on the modified single-well forward modeling model to obtain the convolution forward modeling modeling of the single-well; The profile simulation module is used to perform single-well forward modeling simulation using the single-well forward modeling model after convolution, and to obtain a simulated single-well cross-section. It also includes a simulated profile optimization module, which uses the actual single-well well-pass profile to iteratively optimize the simulated single-well well-pass profile to obtain an optimized simulated single-well well-pass profile.

7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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