River water ecological health monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a river water ecological health monitoring method and a river water ecological health monitoring system, relates to the technical field of ecological health monitoring, and aims to solve the problem that a traditional water quality monitoring method mainly depends on water sample collection and laboratory analysis, and judges the water quality by measuring indexes such as dissolved oxygen, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, heavy metal and dissolved organic matters in water; the river runoff is calculated from the precipitation and the drainage basin area, and the monitoring points are set in combination with the environmental information, so that an accurate data basis can be provided for subsequent water quality health assessment. The water quality condition is predicted by utilizing the water flow speed and the pollution point discharge amount and then compared with an actual monitoring result, so that potential problems can be found in time and a monitoring strategy can be optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological health monitoring, and more specifically, to a method and system for monitoring the ecological health of river water. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the increase of industrial and agricultural activities, river water ecosystems are facing unprecedented pressure. Water pollution, ecological degradation and loss of biodiversity have gradually become hot topics of global concern. In order to solve these problems, river water ecological health monitoring has become an important means of water environment protection, aiming to scientifically evaluate and effectively manage the ecological health status of river water bodies through real-time and systematic monitoring methods.

[0003] The prior art has the following deficiencies:

[0004] Traditional water quality monitoring methods mainly rely on water sample collection and laboratory analysis, and judge water quality by measuring indicators such as dissolved oxygen, pH value, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, heavy metals, and dissolved organic matter in the water. However, these methods usually have problems such as poor timeliness, complex operation, and high cost. With the development of technology, the application of automatic water quality monitoring systems and remote sensing technology has gradually become the main monitoring means, which can provide real-time monitoring data and spatial data analysis.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a river water ecological health monitoring method and system to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for monitoring river water ecological health comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step S1, recording the precipitation and drainage area of ​​the river to obtain the river runoff, and recording the environmental information of the river;

[0010] Step S2, obtaining the water flow velocity according to the runoff of the river and determining the distance of each monitoring section according to the environmental information;

[0011] Step S3, predicting the water quality health of the first monitoring section according to the water flow velocity and the discharge amount of the pollution point and measuring the actual water quality health of the first monitoring section;

[0012] Step S4, determining whether it is necessary to open all monitoring sections for this monitoring based on the difference between the predicted water quality health condition and the actually measured water quality health condition.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, step S1 includes the following contents:

[0014] Weather stations usually provide real-time or periodic precipitation data. The precipitation data provided by the weather station in real time is obtained through the API interface to obtain precipitation and recorded in the database;

[0015] The width of the river was measured using a laser rangefinder and the depth of the river was measured using a sonar depth sounder;

[0016] By deploying flow velocity instruments to measure the flow velocity at different locations in the river, the change in flow velocity, the appearance of eddies, and the degree of turbulence of the water flow can reflect the complexity of the water flow. High-resolution images of the river and surrounding areas are obtained using satellite images or drone aerial photography, and the landform characteristics are analyzed through image processing technology;

[0017] Use the SCS-CN method to estimate river runoff: effective precipitation is equal to total precipitation minus initial losses, and its relationship with the CN value is: The calculation formula of effective precipitation can be expressed as: e =PS, where: P is the precipitation, S is the initial loss;

[0018] Calculate the runoff. According to the effective precipitation, the runoff of the basin can be calculated by the following formula:

[0019] Where: Q represents runoff, P e is the effective precipitation, and S is the initial loss.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, step S2 includes the following contents:

[0021] The water flow velocity is calculated based on the river runoff and the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel. The calculation formula is expressed as: Where: V represents the water velocity, Q is the runoff, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel is determined by the width and depth of the river channel, expressed as: A = b × h, where: b is the width of the river channel, and h is the depth of the river channel;

[0022] The complexity of the water flow and the topography are weighted to obtain the final environmental factor weighting coefficient. The final environmental factor weighting coefficient w i It is the comprehensive result of the complexity of water flow and the influence of topography. Considering the weights of different factors, the weight coefficient can be adjusted as follows: i =αw 流速 +(1-α)w 地形 , where α is a weight factor between 0 and 1;

[0023] The distance between each monitoring section is expressed as Where: Q is the runoff, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the river, v is the flow velocity, w i is the weighted coefficient of environmental factors.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, step S3 includes the following contents:

[0025] The Advance-Diffusion equation is used to describe the spread of pollutants: Where: C is the pollutant concentration, v is the water velocity, D is the diffusion coefficient, Q 放 is the pollution discharge, V is the volume of the water body, and x is the distance between the first monitoring section and the pollution source. is the convection term. When the water velocity v is large, the pollutants will spread quickly in the water body. is the diffusion term. The larger the diffusion coefficient D is, the faster the pollutant diffuses. is the pollution source term. With the increase of discharge Q, the concentration of pollutants in the water body will increase, thus obtaining the value of pollutant concentration C. The concentration of multiple pollutants is calculated, which is the water quality health of the first monitoring section.

[0026] The actual water quality status of the first monitoring section is measured, and the concentration values ​​of each pollutant measured are recorded as B.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, step S4 includes the following contents:

[0028] Since multiple water quality parameters are involved, the mean square error between the multiple water quality parameters of the predicted water quality health and the multiple water quality parameters of the actually measured water quality health is calculated to determine the difference, which is expressed as: Among them: B i is the actual measured water quality parameter value, C i is the predicted water quality parameter value, and n is the total number of water quality parameters. According to historical data or the actual situation of water quality monitoring, an MSE threshold is set. If the mean square error is greater than the set threshold, it means that the predicted water quality is significantly different from the actual water quality, and more monitoring data may be needed to verify the water quality health status;

[0029] When MSE>threshold, all monitoring sections are opened for water quality monitoring. At this time, the difference between the predicted and actual water quality is large, and more data is needed to ensure the accuracy of water quality health;

[0030] When MSE ≤ threshold, choose not to open all monitoring sections. At this time, the water quality prediction is more accurate and resources can be saved.

[0031] A river water ecological health monitoring system includes: an information acquisition module, a data processing module, a statistical analysis module and a transport capacity matching module.

[0032] Information acquisition module: record the precipitation and basin area of ​​the river to obtain the river runoff, and record the environmental information of the river;

[0033] Data processing module: obtain the water flow velocity according to the river runoff and determine the distance of each monitoring section according to the environmental information;

[0034] Statistical analysis module: predict the water quality status of the first monitoring section based on the water flow velocity and the discharge volume of the pollution point and measure the actual water quality status of the first monitoring section;

[0035] Capacity matching module: Determine whether it is necessary to open all monitoring sections for this monitoring based on the difference between the predicted water quality health status and the actual measured water quality health status.

[0036] The technical effects and advantages of a river water ecological health monitoring method and system of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] By calculating river runoff from precipitation and watershed area, and setting monitoring points in combination with environmental information, an accurate data basis can be provided for subsequent water quality health assessments. By predicting water quality using water flow velocity and pollution point discharge, and then comparing it with actual monitoring results, potential problems can be discovered in a timely manner and monitoring strategies can be optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a river water ecological health monitoring method of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a river water ecological health monitoring system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Step S1, recording the precipitation and drainage area of ​​the river to obtain the river runoff, and recording the environmental information of the river;

[0043] Step S2, obtaining the water flow velocity according to the runoff of the river and determining the distance of each monitoring section according to the environmental information;

[0044] Step S3, predicting the water quality health of the first monitoring section according to the water flow velocity and the discharge amount of the pollution point and measuring the actual water quality health of the first monitoring section;

[0045] Step S4, determining whether it is necessary to open all monitoring sections for this monitoring based on the difference between the predicted water quality health condition and the actually measured water quality health condition.

[0046] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0047] In step S1, the precipitation and drainage area of ​​the river are recorded to obtain the river runoff, and the environmental information of the river is recorded, including:

[0048] Weather stations usually provide real-time or periodic precipitation data. The precipitation data provided by the weather station in real time is obtained through the API interface to obtain precipitation and record it in the database.

[0049] Use a laser rangefinder to measure the width of a river: First, select a measuring point on one bank of the river. This point will be the starting point for the laser rangefinder to emit the laser beam. Aim the laser rangefinder at a prominent object on the opposite bank. The laser rangefinder emits a laser beam, which hits the object on the opposite bank and reflects back. The rangefinder calculates the propagation distance of light based on the speed of light and the reflection time. The laser rangefinder will display the distance from the measuring point to the opposite bank. This value is the width of the river.

[0050] To measure the depth of a river using a sonar depth sounder: select a measuring point in the river, usually where the water flow is relatively stable, and place a sonar depth sounder (usually a ship-borne device) below the water surface, or place a measuring device at an appropriate location on the shore. Modern sonar systems are often devices with sensors that can directly measure the depth of the water. The device emits sound wave pulses, which penetrate the water surface and propagate to the bottom. When the sound waves encounter the bottom of the riverbed, they are reflected back. The depth sounder will receive the echo and calculate the time difference of the sound wave propagation. With the known propagation speed of the sound wave, the depth sounder can accurately calculate the water depth. Usually, the water depth measurement results will be displayed on the device screen.

[0051] By deploying flow instruments (such as flow probes or acoustic Doppler current meters) to measure the flow velocity at different locations in the river, the changes in flow velocity, the appearance of eddies, and the degree of turbulence of the water flow can reflect the complexity of the water flow.

[0052] Use satellite images or drone aerial photography to obtain high-resolution images of the river and surrounding areas, and use image processing techniques (such as digital elevation models and terrain reconstruction) to analyze the landform features.

[0053] The steps for estimating river runoff using the SCS-CN method are as follows:

[0054] First, determine the CN value: The CN value is the core parameter of the SCS-CN method, reflecting the response of a region to the infiltration and runoff of precipitation. The determination of the CN value depends on multiple factors, including land use, soil type, previous wet conditions, etc., and the range is usually between 30 and 100. The higher the value, the stronger the runoff and the lower the infiltration capacity of the region. The curve number can be determined by looking up a table (such as the SCS-CN table) based on factors such as land use type, soil type, cover conditions, and wet conditions before precipitation.

[0055] Here are some common CN values ​​for reference: Urban areas: Since urban areas usually have a lot of hardened ground (such as roads and buildings), the CN value is usually higher, usually between 85 and 98. Grassland and woodland: These areas have good permeability and lower CN values, generally between 30 and 70. Farmland and wetland areas: Depending on the soil and land use type, the CN value may be between 70 and 85.

[0056] Estimate effective precipitation. Effective precipitation refers to the part that can be converted into runoff during the precipitation process. It is equal to the total precipitation minus the initial loss. The initial loss refers to the amount of water absorbed by the ground at the beginning of precipitation, including soil evaporation, plant transpiration, etc. The relationship between it and the CN value is: The calculation formula of effective precipitation can be expressed as: e =PS, where: P is precipitation and S is initial loss.

[0057] Calculate the runoff. According to the effective precipitation, the runoff of the basin can be calculated by the following formula:

[0058] Where: Q represents runoff, P e is the effective precipitation, and S is the initial loss.

[0059] This formula calculates the effective runoff volume based on soil permeability and ground cover conditions.

[0060] For example: Assume that the precipitation in a certain area is 230 mm and the CN value is 75. Calculate according to the above steps: Calculate the initial loss:

[0061] Calculate effective precipitation: P e =PS=230-169.33≈60mm

[0062] Due to the large S value, such precipitation may not produce effective runoff, so it is necessary to consider adjusting the value of initial loss S and conducting reasonable precipitation simulation. Calculate runoff: Through the above steps, the runoff volume in the area can be estimated.

[0063] In step S2, the water flow velocity is obtained according to the runoff of the river and the distance of each monitoring section is determined and set according to the environmental information. The specific contents include:

[0064] The water flow velocity can be calculated based on the river runoff and the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel. The calculation formula can be expressed as: Among them: V represents the water flow velocity, Q is the runoff, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel is determined by the width and water depth of the river channel, expressed as: A=b×h, where: b is the width of the river channel, and h is the water depth of the river channel.

[0065] For example: Assume that the flow rate of a river is 10m 3 / s, the width of the channel is 5m, the water depth is 2m, then the cross-sectional area of ​​the river is: A = b × h = 10m 2 , calculate the water flow velocity according to the flow formula: Therefore, the water flow speed in this river is 1 meter per second.

[0066] The complexity of the water flow and the topography are scored and weighted to obtain the final weighted coefficient of environmental factors.

[0067] The complexity of water flow is usually related to the change of water flow speed. In rapids and river bends, the water flow speed will fluctuate greatly. If the water flow speed changes greatly (rapids, bends, etc.): 流速 =0.7-1.0, if the water flow velocity changes little (stable area): w 流速 =0.3-0.6;

[0068] Influence of topography: In mountainous areas, rapids or places with obstacles (such as islands, bridge piers, etc.), the water flow will change greatly. 地形 =0.7-1.0, if the terrain is flat and simple: w 地形 =0.3-0.6

[0069] The final environmental factor weighting coefficient w i It is the comprehensive result of the complexity of water flow and the influence of topography. Considering the weights of different factors, the weight coefficient can be adjusted as follows: i =αw 流速 +(1-α)w 地形 , where α is a weight factor between 0 and 1, reflecting the importance of water flow complexity and topography in weighting. It can be set according to specific circumstances.

[0070] The distance between each monitoring section can be expressed as Where: Q is the runoff, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the river, v is the flow velocity, w i is the weighted coefficient of environmental factors.

[0071] In step S3, the water quality health of the first monitoring section is predicted based on the water flow velocity and the discharge amount of the pollution point, and the actual water quality health of the first monitoring section is measured, and the specific contents include:

[0072] According to the diffusion law of pollutants in water bodies, the Advance-Diffusion equation can be used to describe the spread of pollutants. The Advance-Diffusion equation is used to describe the spread of pollutants in water bodies. It combines the convection process of water flow and the diffusion process of pollutants. This equation can effectively simulate how pollutants are transmitted and diffused through water flow in water bodies and change over time, which can be expressed as: Where: C is the pollutant concentration, v is the water velocity, D is the diffusion coefficient, Q 放 is the amount of pollution discharged, V is the volume of the water body, and x is the distance between the first monitoring section and the pollution source. The convection term indicates that due to the action of water flow, the concentration of pollutants spreads along the direction of water flow. When the water flow velocity v is large, the pollutants will spread rapidly in the water body. The diffusion term indicates that pollutants spread randomly in the water body due to molecular diffusion, which is usually slow. The larger the diffusion coefficient D, the faster the pollutants diffuse. The pollution source term indicates that the pollution source continuously discharges pollutants. This term reflects the impact of the pollution source. As the discharge amount Q increases, the concentration of pollutants in the water body will increase. Thus, the value of the pollutant concentration C is obtained, and the concentration of multiple pollutants is calculated, which is the water quality health of the first monitoring section;

[0073] The actual water quality status of the first monitoring section is measured, and the concentration values ​​of each pollutant measured are recorded as B.

[0074] In step S4, it is determined whether all monitoring sections need to be opened for this monitoring based on the difference between the predicted water quality health status and the actually measured water quality health status. The specific contents include:

[0075] Since multiple water quality parameters are involved, the mean square error between the multiple water quality parameters of the predicted water quality health and the multiple water quality parameters of the actually measured water quality health is calculated to judge the difference, which can be expressed as: Among them: B i is the actual measured water quality parameter value, C iis the predicted water quality parameter value, and n is the total number of water quality parameters. Set an MSE threshold based on historical data or the actual water quality monitoring situation. If the mean square error is greater than the set threshold, it means that the predicted water quality is significantly different from the actual water quality, and more monitoring data may be needed to verify the water quality health status.

[0076] If the MSE is small, it means that the predicted result is close to the actual measured water quality health status, and it may not be necessary to open all monitoring sections. Based on the calculated MSE and the preset threshold, the following decision rules can be used:

[0077] When MSE>threshold, it is recommended to open all monitoring sections for this water quality monitoring. At this time, the difference between the predicted and actual water quality is large, and more data is needed to ensure the accuracy of the water quality health status.

[0078] When MSE ≤ threshold, you can choose not to open all monitoring sections. At this time, the water quality prediction is more accurate and resources can be saved.

[0079] For example: the predicted water quality parameter values ​​are set based on the indicator values ​​of diatoms in the river, with the indicator value of Alg. catenella being 1.00, the indicator value of Alg. dunali being 3.33, and the indicator value of Alg. ennedi being 1.67, that is, C1 = 1.00, C2 = 3.33, C3 = 1.67, and the actual measured water quality parameter values ​​are B1 = 1.25, B2 = 3.20, B3 = 1.55. The threshold of MSE is designed to be 0.2 based on historical data. Substitute it into the MSE formula: This means that you choose not to open all monitoring sections and only use the predicted values ​​for prediction.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] Figure 2 The invention provides a river water ecological health monitoring system, comprising: an information acquisition module, a data processing module, a statistical analysis module and a transport capacity matching module.

[0082] Information acquisition module: record the precipitation and basin area of ​​the river to obtain the river runoff, and record the environmental information of the river;

[0083] Data processing module: obtain the water flow velocity according to the river runoff and determine the distance of each monitoring section according to the environmental information;

[0084] Statistical analysis module: predict the water quality status of the first monitoring section based on the water flow velocity and the discharge volume of the pollution point and measure the actual water quality status of the first monitoring section;

[0085] Capacity matching module: Determine whether it is necessary to open all monitoring sections for this monitoring based on the difference between the predicted water quality health status and the actual measured water quality health status.

[0086] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formulas are obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain a formula for the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0087] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0088] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application of the technical solution and the invention constraints. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0089] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0090] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0091] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring river water ecological health, characterized in that; Includes steps: Step S1, recording the precipitation and drainage area of ​​the river to obtain the river runoff, and recording the environmental information of the river; Step S2, obtaining the water flow velocity according to the runoff of the river and determining the distance of each monitoring section according to the environmental information; Step S3, predicting the water quality health of the first monitoring section according to the water flow velocity and the discharge amount of the pollution point and measuring the actual water quality health of the first monitoring section; Step S4, determining whether it is necessary to open all monitoring sections for this monitoring based on the difference between the predicted water quality health condition and the actually measured water quality health condition.

2. A river water ecological health monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Weather stations usually provide real-time or periodic precipitation data. The precipitation data provided by the weather station in real time is obtained through the API interface to obtain precipitation and recorded in the database; The width of the river was measured using a laser rangefinder and the depth of the river was measured using a sonar depth sounder; By deploying flow velocity instruments to measure the flow velocity at different locations in the river, the change in flow velocity, the appearance of eddies, and the degree of turbulence of the water flow can reflect the complexity of the water flow. High-resolution images of the river and surrounding areas are obtained using satellite images or drone aerial photography, and the landform characteristics are analyzed through image processing technology; Use the SCS-CN method to estimate river runoff: effective precipitation is equal to total precipitation minus initial losses, and its relationship with the CN value is: The calculation formula of effective precipitation can be expressed as: e =PS, where: P is the precipitation, S is the initial loss; Calculate the runoff. According to the effective precipitation, the runoff of the basin can be calculated by the following formula: Where: Q represents runoff, P e is the effective precipitation, and S is the initial loss.

3. A river water ecological health monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water flow velocity is calculated based on the river runoff and the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel. The calculation formula is expressed as: Where: V represents the water velocity, Q is the runoff, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel is determined by the width and depth of the river channel, expressed as: A = b × h, where: b is the width of the river channel, and h is the depth of the river channel; The complexity of the water flow and the topography are weighted to obtain the final environmental factor weighting coefficient. The final environmental factor weighting coefficient w i It is the comprehensive result of the complexity of water flow and the influence of topography. Considering the weights of different factors, the weight coefficient can be adjusted as follows: i =αw 流速 +(1-α)w 地形 , where α is a weight factor between 0 and 1; The distance between each monitoring section is expressed as Where: Q is the runoff, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the river, v is the flow velocity, w i is the weighted coefficient of environmental factors.

4. A river water ecological health monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Advance-Diffusion equation is used to describe the spread of pollutants: Where: C is the pollutant concentration, v is the water velocity, D is the diffusion coefficient, Q 放 is the pollution discharge, V is the volume of the water body, and x is the distance between the first monitoring section and the pollution source. is the convection term. When the water velocity v is large, the pollutants will spread quickly in the water body. is the diffusion term. The larger the diffusion coefficient D is, the faster the pollutant diffuses. is the pollution source term. With the increase of discharge Q, the concentration of pollutants in the water body will increase, thus obtaining the value of pollutant concentration C. The concentration of multiple pollutants is calculated, which is the water quality health of the first monitoring section. The actual water quality status of the first monitoring section is measured, and the concentration values ​​of each pollutant measured are recorded as B.

5. A river water ecological health monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Since multiple water quality parameters are involved, the mean square error between the multiple water quality parameters of the predicted water quality health and the multiple water quality parameters of the actually measured water quality health is calculated to determine the difference, which is expressed as: Among them: B i is the actual measured water quality parameter value, C i is the predicted water quality parameter value, and n is the total number of water quality parameters; according to historical data or the actual situation of water quality monitoring, an MSE threshold is set. If the mean square error is greater than the set threshold, it means that the predicted water quality is significantly different from the actual water quality, and more monitoring data may be needed to verify the water quality health status; When MSE>threshold, all monitoring sections are opened for water quality monitoring. At this time, the difference between the predicted and actual water quality is large, and more data is needed to ensure the accuracy of water quality health; When MSE ≤ threshold, choose not to enable all monitoring sections.

6. A river water ecological health monitoring system, used to implement a river water ecological health monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Information acquisition module, data processing module, statistical analysis module and capacity matching module; Information acquisition module: record the precipitation and basin area of ​​the river to obtain the river runoff, and record the environmental information of the river; Data processing module: obtain the water flow velocity according to the river runoff and determine the distance of each monitoring section according to the environmental information; Statistical analysis module: predict the water quality status of the first monitoring section based on the water flow velocity and the discharge volume of the pollution point and measure the actual water quality status of the first monitoring section; Capacity matching module: Determine whether it is necessary to open all monitoring sections for this monitoring based on the difference between the predicted water quality health status and the actual measured water quality health status.

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