Pet staple food food easy to absorb and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an easily absorbable staple food for pets and a preparation method of the easily absorbable staple food. The pet staple food easy to absorb at least comprises a protein component, a fat component, a carbohydrate component, a vitamin and mineral substance component, a fiber component, a functional additive and an NMN / amino acid-lipidosome component, and the NMN / amino acid-lipidosome component is prepared by performing lipidosome coating modification on NMN. The possibility that NMN is possibly decomposed by gastric acid and digestive enzyme when being added into staple food for pets is reduced, the absorption rate is increased, and the NMN and amino acid are compounded, so that intestinal peristalsis and absorption are promoted, and the gastrointestinal burden of the middle-aged and old pets is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pet food, and in particular to an easily-absorbable pet staple food and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cat food and dog food products on the market are designed to meet the general needs of pets, with the goal of meeting their basic nutritional intake. However, for middle-aged and elderly pets, their digestive systems degenerate with age, digestive enzyme secretion decreases, gastrointestinal motility weakens, and nutrient absorption efficiency decreases. In this case, ordinary cat food and dog food often fail to meet their needs at a specific stage. For example, high-fat and high-protein formulas, while suitable for providing energy for young pets, may increase the gastrointestinal burden for middle-aged and elderly pets, leading to problems such as diarrhea or constipation. In addition, many existing products lack ingredients that support cell metabolism, which further limits the ability of middle-aged and elderly pets to stay active and healthy.

[0003] The decline in cellular metabolic activity in middle-aged and elderly pets can also affect their overall health, including weakened immune systems, disrupted energy metabolism, and decreased cognitive abilities. These problems are largely related to the key molecule NAD in the body. + However, existing cat and dog food products generally lack products that can directly increase NAD levels. + The lack of ingredients in the diet of middle-aged and elderly pets has resulted in the inability to effectively improve cell function through their daily diet. In addition, the pet food market lacks specialized solutions to such problems and often ignores the needs of elderly pets for special nutritional supplements.

[0004] NMN (β-nicotinamide mononucleotide) as NAD + It is a direct precursor of NMN and has shown great potential in improving cell metabolic activity, delaying aging, and improving energy levels. Introducing NMN into the formula of middle-aged and elderly cat and dog food can effectively help pets replenish NAD caused by aging. + Lack of NMN, thereby enhancing cell repair and regeneration. This can not only improve the energy metabolism efficiency of elderly pets, but also improve their immune function and cognitive status. For example, supplementing NMN may help pets absorb other nutrients more efficiently and reduce the burden on the digestive system by enhancing the function of intestinal cells. This strategy provides a systematic solution to the multiple problems caused by aging.

[0005] However, directly adding NMN to pet food may be subject to many limitations. First, NMN may be quickly broken down by gastric acid and digestive enzymes in the pet's digestive system and converted into nicotinamide or other forms, resulting in a decrease in its bioavailability and a significant reduction in its actual effect. Secondly, cats and dogs have different gastrointestinal absorption characteristics, and some designs may not be suitable for both pets at the same time. Furthermore, the high cost and stability issues of NMN also pose technical and economic barriers to direct addition. Therefore, although the potential of NMN is significant, its practical application still needs to overcome a series of challenges. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an easily absorbable pet staple food containing NMN and a preparation method thereof, targeting the stomach and intestines of elderly pets.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an easily-absorbable pet staple food, comprising at least a protein component, a fat component, a carbohydrate component, a vitamin and mineral component, a fiber component, a functional additive, and an NMN / amino acid-liposome component.

[0008] In some embodiments, the specific selection of the source of the protein component does not need to be particularly limited, for example, it can be selected from animal proteins such as chicken, beef, fish, mutton, eggs, animal offal, and one or more combinations of plant proteins such as pea protein and soy protein. The protein component can provide essential amino acids to support muscle development and tissue repair.

[0009] In some embodiments, the specific selection of the fat component source does not need to be specifically limited, for example, it can be selected from a combination of one or more of animal fat, fish oil, linseed oil, and sunflower seed oil. Fat components can provide energy, support skin health, hair gloss, and maintain normal cell function.

[0010] In some embodiments, the specific selection of the source of the carbohydrate component does not need to be particularly limited, for example, it can be selected from a combination of one or more of cereals, potatoes and beans, and for example, it can be selected from wheat, corn, rice, sweet potatoes, potatoes, etc. The carbohydrate component can provide an energy source and balance the cost and processing performance of the food.

[0011] In some embodiments, the specific selection of the vitamin and mineral components does not need to be particularly limited, for example, the vitamins can be selected from a combination of one or more of vitamins A, D, E, and B vitamins, and the minerals can be selected from a combination of one or more of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, etc. The vitamin and mineral components can support bone health, immune function, metabolic regulation, and anti-oxidation.

[0012] In some embodiments, the specific selection of the fiber component does not need to be particularly limited, for example, it can be selected from beet pulp, pea fiber, cellulose powder, etc. The fiber component can regulate the health of the digestive system and promote intestinal peristalsis and defecation.

[0013] In some embodiments, the functional additives include but are not limited to prebiotics and probiotics, antioxidants, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), pigments and flavorings, etc.

[0014] In some embodiments, the NMN / amino acid-liposome composition is a compound of liposome-encapsulated NMN and amino acids.

[0015] In some embodiments, the amino acid is selected from one or more combinations of serine, threonine and tyrosine. Serine, threonine and tyrosine are involved in the repair, renewal and defense of intestinal mucosal cells, which helps maintain gastrointestinal health and may improve gastrointestinal discomfort caused by stress or emotions; and when the above amino acids act together with NMN on the pet's stomach, the absorption of NMN by the stomach can be improved.

[0016] In some embodiments, the method for preparing NMN / amino acid-liposomes comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: subjecting β-sitosterol to a two-step oxidation reaction to obtain a carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol;

[0018] Step 2: activating the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol and then reacting it with an amino acid to obtain an esterified product;

[0019] Step 3: After mixing phospholipids, Tween-80, esterification product and NMN with ethanol, rotary evaporate to obtain a thin film, add deionized water, vacuum rotary hydration, and ultrasonic treatment to obtain NMN / amino acid-liposomes.

[0020] In some embodiments, the two-step oxidation reaction of step 1 is divided into a first oxidation reaction and a second oxidation reaction; wherein, the oxidant of the first oxidation reaction is manganese dioxide (MnO2) or pyridine chlorochromate (PCC), the reaction temperature is 30-50°C, and the reaction time is 2-4h; the oxidant of the second oxidation reaction is potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), the reaction temperature is 40-50°C, and the reaction time is 2-4h. After the reaction, the pH value is adjusted to neutral, and the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol is obtained by filtration and column purification.

[0021] In some embodiments, the specific steps of activating the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol in step 2 are: dissolving the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol in anhydrous dichloromethane, adding DCC or EDC as an activation reagent, and then adding catalyst DMAP, stirring the reaction for 0.5-1h to obtain an activated carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol.

[0022] In some embodiments, the phospholipid is selected from one or more combinations of egg yolk lecithin, soybean lecithin, and broccoli soybean lecithin.

[0023] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the phospholipid, Tween-80, esterification product and NMN is 5-10: 1-4: 1-3: 0.02-0.5. Preferably, the mass ratio of the esterification product and NMN is 25:1.

[0024] In some embodiments, based on the mass fraction of the pet staple food as 100%, the mass percentage of the NMN / amino acid-liposome component added to the pet staple food is 1-10%; preferably, the mass percentage of the NMN / amino acid-liposome component added to the pet staple food is 1-5%.

[0025] In some embodiments, the added mass fractions of the protein component, fat component, carbohydrate component, vitamin and mineral component, fiber component, and functional additive do not need to be specifically limited, and can be based on the common addition standards on the market.

[0026] In some embodiments, the pet staple food may include special ingredients in addition to the above ingredients. The special ingredients are special ingredients that need to be added specifically for cats and dogs when the pet staple food is cat food and dog food. For example, when the pet staple food is cat food, the special ingredients are taurine and vitamins A and D, and additional taurine and vitamins A and D need to be added because they cannot synthesize these ingredients from plants like dogs; when the pet staple food is dog food, the special ingredients are glucosamine and chondroitin, which can support the joint health of dogs and reduce the risk of arthritis.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the easily-absorbable pet staple food, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0028] a. After mixing and stirring the prepared raw materials, cutting into small pieces of fixed shape;

[0029] b. Place the formed small pieces in an environment of 20-50°C and 60-80% relative humidity for 20-50 minutes to rise;

[0030] c. The raw material after step b is baked at a temperature of 200-300°C for 10-30min;

[0031] d. Cool the baked raw materials to room temperature, package, and sterilize; the sterilization temperature is 90-125 minutes, and the sterilization time is 10-90 minutes to obtain the pet staple food.

[0032] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. By modifying NMN with liposomes, the possibility of NMN being decomposed by gastric acid and digestive enzymes when added to pet staple food is reduced, thereby improving the absorption rate.

[0034] 2. By compounding NMN and amino acids, it promotes intestinal motility and absorption, and reduces the gastrointestinal burden of middle-aged and elderly pets. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with examples. It should be noted that the specific implementation methods described herein are only for illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] The chemical reagents used in the present invention are all commercially available analytically pure.

[0037] NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 1

[0038] Step 1: In a dry round-bottom flask, add 10g of β-sitosterol and dissolve it in 50ml of anhydrous dichloromethane, add 3.1g of manganese dioxide, heat and stir at 40°C for 4 hours, and after the reaction is completed, remove the solid oxidant by filtration to obtain an aldehyde intermediate; dissolve the aldehyde intermediate in 50ml of a water-ethanol mixed solution, slowly add 10ml of an aqueous solution containing 1.3g of potassium permanganate, while keeping the temperature of the solution at 40°C, and react for 2h. After the reaction is completed, adjust the pH value to neutral with dilute sulfuric acid, filter out insoluble manganese oxides, and purify by column to obtain a carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol;

[0039] Step 2: dissolve 10g of the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol in 50ml of anhydrous dichloromethane, add 2.6g of DCC, and then add a catalyst 0.5g of DMAP, and stir to react for 30 minutes to obtain an activated carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol; dissolve 3g of serine in 10ml of anhydrous dichloromethane, add triethylamine to adjust the pH to 7, and obtain a serine solution. Slowly drop the activated carboxyl derivative solution of β-sitosterol into the serine solution, stir at room temperature for 2 hours, and after the reaction, extract the organic phase with ethyl acetate, wash, dry, and purify the target product by column chromatography to obtain an esterification product;

[0040] Step 3: Mix 20 g of egg yolk lecithin, 8 g of Tween-80, 6 g of esterification product and 1 g of NMN with 50 ml of ethanol, and then rotary evaporate to obtain a thin film. Then add 25 ml of deionized water, vacuum rotary hydrate, and ultrasonically treat to obtain NMN / amino acid-liposome 1.

[0041] NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 2

[0042] The preparation is basically the same as that of NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 1, except that in step 3, the added masses of egg yolk lecithin, Tween-80, esterification product and NMN are 10g, 2g, 2g and 0.04g respectively, to obtain NMN / amino acid-liposome 2.

[0043] NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 3

[0044] The preparation is basically the same as that of NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 1, except that in step 3, the added masses of egg yolk lecithin, Tween-80, esterification product and NMN are 20g, 8g, 5g and 0.2g respectively, to obtain NMN / amino acid-liposome 3.

[0045] NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 4

[0046] The preparation is basically the same as NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 1, except that in step 2, threonine is used to replace serine to obtain NMN / amino acid-liposome 4.

[0047] NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 5

[0048] The preparation is basically the same as NMN / amino acid-liposome preparation example 1, except that in step 2, tyrosine is used to replace serine to obtain NMN / amino acid-liposome 5.

[0049] NMN-liposome preparation example 6

[0050] 20 g of egg yolk lecithin, 8 g of Tween-80, 6 g of β-sitosterol and 1 g of NMN were mixed with 50 ml of ethanol and rotary evaporated to obtain a thin film. 25 ml of deionized water was added, vacuum rotary hydrated, and ultrasonic treatment was performed to obtain NMN-liposome 6.

[0051] Liposome Preparation Example 7

[0052] 20 g of egg yolk lecithin, 8 g of Tween-80, and 6 g of β-sitosterol were mixed with 50 ml of ethanol, and the mixture was rotary evaporated to dryness to obtain a thin film. 25 ml of deionized water was then added, and the mixture was vacuum rotary hydrated and ultrasonically treated to obtain liposome 7.

[0053] NMN Preparation Example 8

[0054] NMN, recorded as Preparation Example 8.

[0055] Examples and Comparative Examples

[0056] a. After mixing and stirring each embodiment according to the recipe, cut into small square pieces;

[0057] b. Place the formed cubes in an environment of 50°C and 80% relative humidity for 50 minutes to rise;

[0058] c. The raw material after step b is baked at a temperature of 200°C for 30 min;

[0059] d. Cool the baked raw materials to room temperature, package, and sterilize; the sterilization temperature is 100 minutes, and the sterilization time is 60 minutes to obtain cat pet staple food.

[0060] The formula of each embodiment includes common ingredients and special ingredients, specifically including 25% frozen chicken, 10% chicken meal, 8% frozen cod, 5% frozen pigeon, 3% egg powder, 3% chicken liver powder, 1% chicken fat, 2% flaxseed, 4% cod oil, 0.2% butter, 7% sweet potato granules, 5% tapioca starch, 0.15% sodium hyaluronate, 0.2% vitamin A, 0.2% vitamin C, 0.2% vitamin D3, 0.2% vitamin E, 0.2% vitamin B1, 0.2% vitamin B2, 0.2% vitamin B6, 0.2% vitamin B 12 0.2%, taurine 1%, sodium chloride 0.15%, niacin 1%, alfalfa granules 4%, fresh pumpkin 2%, fresh broccoli 2%, fresh tomato 2%, amino acid copper complex 0.2%, amino acid iron complex 0.2%, amino acid manganese complex 0.2%, amino acid zinc complex 0.2%, Bacillus subtilis 1×10 10 / g 0.1%, Bacillus coagulans 1×10 10 / g 0.1%, Bacillus licheniformis 1×10 10 / g 0.1% and one of the following: NMN / amino acid-liposomes, NMN-liposomes, liposomes and NMN with the corresponding mass percentages as shown in Table 1, and the remainder was supplemented with chicken meal to 100%.

[0061] Table 1 (Unit: %, mass percentage)

[0062]

[0063] Note: “-” in the table means not added.

[0064] The following tests were performed on the NMN / amino acid-liposomes and pet staple food prepared above.

[0065] Test 1: In vitro digestion performance test. The above NMN / amino acid-liposomes, NMN-liposomes, liposomes and NMN were mixed with artificial saliva (a mixture of 0.16g NaCl, 0.02g KCl, 0.06 mucin, and 100ml ultrapure water) at a volume ratio of 1:1, and reacted at pH 6.8 and 37°C for 10 minutes; then the above mixture was mixed with artificial gastric juice (0.2g NaC, 0.7mL concentrated hydrochloric acid, 0.32g pepsin and 100ml ultrapure water) were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 and reacted at pH 2.0 and 37°C for 100min; finally, the above mixture was mixed with artificial intestinal fluid (a mixture of 0.68g KHPO4, 0.877g NaCl, 0.5g bile salt and 0.32g pancreatin and 100ml ultrapure water) in a volume ratio of 1:1 and reacted at pH 7.0 and 37°C for 100min; before entering the next stage, 3ml of the digestion solution was quickly cooled in an ice bath, and then the digestion solution was mixed with petroleum ether in a volume ratio of 1:3 and vortexed for 1min, centrifuged at 4500g for 5min, the solvent was removed, and the sample was quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography for the release rate of NMN, and the total amount of NMN that can be obtained in the intestine in the end was calculated as a percentage of the total amount of NMN added during the preparation process. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] By comparing the experimental data results in Table 2, it can be seen that at the end of the simulated saliva and gastric juice digestion, the cumulative release rate of NMN from the prepared NMN / amino acid-liposomes and NMN-liposomes is about 10%, which indicates that the low pH environment of gastric juice has little effect on NMN / amino acid-liposomes; and from the data of Comparative Example 3, it seems that the method of directly adding NMN to the staple food is not feasible, because NMN may be rapidly decomposed by gastric acid and digestive enzymes in the pet's digestive system and converted into nicotinamide or other forms, resulting in a decrease in its bioavailability and a very low detectable NMN content.

[0070] By comparing Example 5 with Examples 1 and 4, it can be seen that the material of the liposome has a certain influence on the content of NMN that can be encapsulated and releasable. Although the NMN content added in Example 1 is the highest, the percentage of NMN content that can be released during use is not the highest, indicating that the embedding capacity of the liposome is limited and it is not possible to completely embed all 1ml of NMN and release it in the intestinal fluid. When the added volumes of egg yolk lecithin, Tween-80, esterification product and NMN are 20ml, 8ml, 5ml and 0.2ml respectively when preparing liposomes, the obtained NMN / amino acid-liposome has the highest release rate, which is more conducive to reducing costs and increasing the utilization rate of NMN.

[0071] Test 2: Palatability test. 60 sterilized cats with similar health status and no history of disease were borrowed from the cattery, aged between 6 and 8 years old, and divided into 10 groups with half male and half female. The pet staple food of the above embodiment and the comparative example was fed every day for a feeding period of 2 months. The shape of feces, the quality of hair after the test (grade 1-5 points, grade 1 means smooth and shiny hair, grade 5 means dry and frizzy, and so on), and the weight before and after the test were tested respectively before and after the test. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0072] Table 3

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from Table 3 above, the pet staple food prepared in the embodiment has palatable selectivity and sufficient nutrition, the weight of individual cats has an upward trend, and all have good feces quality. It can be seen from the embodiment and comparative example 1 that when preparing NMN / amino acid-liposomes, the composite encapsulated amino acids and NMN in the liposomes may promote the absorption of nutrients by middle-aged and elderly pets, further enhance the function of intestinal cells, more efficiently absorb other nutrients, reduce the burden on the digestive system, and maintain formed feces.

[0075] The above test results and embodiments are specific descriptions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above test results are only the proportions and product forms of some formulas, and are not limited to these proportions and forms. The same proportion can be made into products in different forms (freeze-dried, powder, capsule, liquid). For ordinary technicians in the field, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. All deformations that ordinary technicians in the field can directly derive or associate from the content disclosed in the present invention should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is given by the attached claims and any equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An easily digestible staple food for pets, characterized in that: The pet staple food comprises a protein component, a fat component, a carbohydrate component, a vitamin and mineral component, a fiber component, a functional additive and an NMN / amino acid-liposome component.

2. The pet staple food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The NMN / amino acid-liposome component is a compound of NMN and amino acids encapsulated in liposomes.

3. The pet staple food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acids are selected from one or more combinations of serine, threonine and tyrosine.

4. The pet staple food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the NMN / amino acid-liposome comprises the following steps: Step 1: subjecting β-sitosterol to a two-step oxidation reaction to obtain a carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol; Step 2: activating the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol and then reacting it with an amino acid to obtain an esterified product; Step 3: After mixing phospholipids, Tween-80, esterification product and NMN with ethanol, rotary evaporate to obtain a thin film, add deionized water, vacuum rotary hydration, and ultrasonic treatment to obtain NMN / amino acid-liposomes.

5. The pet staple food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-step oxidation reaction in step 1 is divided into a first oxidation reaction and a second oxidation reaction; wherein the oxidant in the first oxidation reaction is manganese dioxide or pyridine chlorochromate, the reaction temperature is 30-50°C, and the reaction time is 2-4h; the oxidant in the second oxidation reaction is potassium permanganate or potassium dichromate, the reaction temperature is 40-50°C, and the reaction time is 2-4h. After the reaction, the pH value is adjusted to neutral, and the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol is obtained by filtering and column purification.

6. The pet staple food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of activating the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol in step 2 include: dissolving the carboxyl derivative of β-sitosterol in anhydrous dichloromethane, adding DCC or EDC as an activation reagent, and then adding catalyst DMAP, stirring the reaction for 0.5-1h to obtain an activated β-sitosterol carboxyl derivative.

7. The pet staple food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phospholipid is selected from one or more combinations of egg yolk lecithin, soybean lecithin, and broccoli soybean lecithin.

8. The pet staple food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The added mass ratio of the phospholipid, Tween-80, esterification product and NMN is 5-10:1-4:1-3:0.02-0.

5.

9. The pet staple food according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the mass fraction of the pet staple food as 100%, the mass percentage of the NMN / amino acid-liposome component added to the pet staple food is 1-10%.

10. The method for preparing the pet staple food according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: a. After mixing and stirring the prepared raw materials, cutting into small pieces of fixed shape; b. Place the formed small pieces in an environment of 20-50°C and 60-80% relative humidity for 20-50 minutes to rise; c. The raw material after step b is baked at a temperature of 200-300°C for 10-30min; d. Cool the baked raw materials to room temperature, package, and sterilize; the sterilization temperature is 90-125 minutes, and the sterilization time is 10-90 minutes to obtain the pet staple food.

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