Surgical instrument

Abstract

The invention discloses a surgical instrument, comprising an end effector and a cannula assembly, the cannula assembly comprising a pusher, the end effector comprising: a jaw assembly comprising a staple cartridge seat having a limiting structure; the nail bin assembly is detachably mounted in the nail bin seat, and the nail bin assembly comprises a nail pushing plate; the propeller is provided with a cutter lifting part, the nail pushing plate is provided with a supporting structure, the cutter lifting part is supported by the supporting structure when the nail bin assembly is installed in the nail bin base and the nail pushing plate is located at the near-side position, and in response to operation of a user, the propeller crosses the limiting structure to move towards the far side so as to be matched with the nail pushing plate, and then the nail pushing plate is driven to move towards the far side; when the nail bin assembly is not installed in the nail bin base or the nail pushing plate is located at the far-side position, the operation of a user is responded, and the propeller is blocked by the limiting structure when moving towards the far side. The problem that in the prior art, when a surgical instrument with a knife nail bin is provided with a used nail bin assembly or is not provided with the nail bin assembly, the risk of hurting the human body exists is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a surgical instrument. Background Art

[0002] Surgical instruments play a key role in clinical surgery, and cutting knives are an indispensable and important part of surgical instruments. The front end of the surgical instrument includes a replaceable nail magazine assembly, which is a disposable consumable.

[0003] In order to avoid the wear and tear of the cutting knife and poor cutting effect caused by repeated use, a staple cartridge assembly with an integrated cutting knife has emerged. When this staple cartridge assembly is not installed on a surgical instrument, the cutting knife is hidden in the staple cartridge body to prevent the sharp edge from hurting the user. When installed on a surgical instrument for use, the cutting edge of the cutting knife extends out of the surface of the staple cartridge body, i.e., the blade is exposed, so that the tissue can be cut during surgery.

[0004] When an unused staple cartridge assembly is installed in the jaw assembly, the cutting knife moves forward until it cuts to the bottom (cutting + suturing). When a used staple cartridge assembly is installed in the jaw assembly or no staple cartridge assembly is installed, the surgical instrument is in an empty staple cartridge state. If the cutting knife moves forward, it will only cut without suturing. The surgical instrument should identify this and avoid firing to avoid injuring the human body. However, the empty staple cartridge protection structure in the prior art is only applicable to traditional cutting knife assemblies, and is not applicable to staple cartridges with knives, resulting in a risk of injuring the human body when a used staple cartridge assembly is installed or no staple cartridge assembly is installed in a surgical instrument with a staple cartridge with a knife. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a surgical instrument that solves the problem in the prior art that surgical instruments with a knife and a nail magazine have the risk of injuring the human body when installing a used nail magazine assembly or when the nail magazine assembly is not installed.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: A surgical instrument includes an end effector and a sleeve assembly, the sleeve assembly includes a pusher, and the end effector includes:

[0007] The jaw assembly includes a nail magazine seat and a nail support seat pivotally connected to the nail magazine seat; the nail magazine seat has a limiting structure;

[0008] A nail magazine assembly, which is detachably mounted in the nail magazine seat and includes a nail pushing plate and a cutting knife movably connected to the nail pushing plate;

[0009] The bottom of the pusher has a knife-lifting part, and the bottom of the nail-pushing plate has a supporting structure. When the nail magazine assembly is installed in the nail magazine seat and the nail-pushing plate is in the proximal position, the knife-lifting part is supported by the supporting structure, and the end actuator is in the first state; in the first state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher moves distally over the limiting structure to cooperate with the nail-pushing plate, thereby driving the nail-pushing plate to move distally;

[0010] When the nail magazine assembly is not installed in the nail magazine seat or the nail pushing plate is in the distal position, the knife lifting part is suspended in the nail magazine seat and the end actuator is in the second state; in the second state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher is blocked by the limiting structure when moving distally.

[0011] Furthermore, the support structure includes a support groove formed at the bottom of the nail pushing plate, the support groove includes a bottom wall, and when the end actuator is in the first state, the bottom wall of the support groove abuts against the knife lifting part to support the knife lifting part.

[0012] Furthermore, the supporting groove also includes an inclined section, which is located near the bottom wall and connected to the bottom wall, and the proximal side of the inclined section is low and the distal side is high.

[0013] Furthermore, the nail pushing plate is provided with a storage groove, in which the cutting knife is accommodated, and the storage groove is connected to the supporting groove. When the end actuator is in the first state, a part of the knife lifting part is accommodated in the storage groove, and the other part is accommodated in the supporting groove; the upper end surface of the knife lifting part abuts against the cutting knife, so that the cutting knife is in a blade-out state; the lower end surface of the knife lifting part abuts against the bottom wall of the supporting groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the thruster includes a limiting portion. In a first state, the limiting portion is at a first height and is higher than the limiting structure so that the thruster can pass over the limiting structure. In a second state, the limiting portion is at a second height and the limiting structure blocks the limiting portion to block the thruster. The second height is lower than the first height.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting structure is a groove, which includes a stop wall. When the thruster is at a first height, the limiting portion is higher than the upper edge of the stop wall and is located outside the groove; when the thruster is at a second height, the limiting portion is lower than the upper edge of the stop wall and is located inside the groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the nail magazine seat also includes a stop protrusion, which is located on the far side of the stop wall and higher than the upper edge of the stop wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the nail magazine seat also includes an initial surface, which is located on the proximal side of the groove. When the pusher is in the initial position, the pusher part abuts against the initial surface to be at a first height.

[0018] Furthermore, the pusher also has a pressure end extending in a direction away from the knife lifting portion, and the nail magazine seat is also provided with a first elastic member, one end of the first elastic member is connected to the nail magazine seat, and the other end abuts against the pressure end, and the first elastic member applies a downward elastic force to the pressure end. When the end actuator is in the second state, in response to the distal movement of the pusher, the pusher moves downward under the elastic force of the first elastic member, so that the limiting portion enters the groove.

[0019] Furthermore, a guide slope is provided on the proximal side of the groove, and the guide slope is connected to the initial surface.

[0020] Furthermore, the pusher includes a knife rod and a knife holder head connected to the knife rod, and the knife lifting portion is arranged on the lower side of the knife holder head. In response to the user's operation, the knife rod drives the knife holder head to move distally.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that: the surgical instrument is provided with a limiting structure for limiting and stopping the pusher on the nail magazine seat. When the surgical instrument is installed with a used nail magazine assembly or the nail magazine assembly is not installed, the pusher can be limited and stopped to prevent the pusher from driving the nail pushing plate and the cutting knife to move distally, so that the surgical instrument cannot perform the cutting operation, thereby avoiding damage to the human body. Furthermore, by providing a supporting structure at the bottom of the nail pushing plate to lift the knife lifting part of the pusher, so that the pusher moves distally over the limiting structure to the knife feeding position. In this way, when the surgical instrument is normally installed with an unused nail magazine assembly, the supporting structure of the nail pushing plate will lift the knife lifting part, so that the pusher will not contact the limiting structure on the nail magazine seat during the process of moving distally, so that the pusher can normally drive the nail pushing plate and the cutting knife to move distally, so that the surgical instrument performs suturing and cutting operations, ensuring the normal use of the surgical instrument, and solving the problem in the prior art that there is a risk of damaging the human body when the surgical instrument with a knife nail magazine is installed with a used nail magazine assembly or the nail magazine assembly is not installed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is an exploded view of a surgical instrument in an embodiment provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a surgical instrument in an embodiment provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a propeller in an embodiment provided by a specific implementation manner of the present invention when it is located at an initial position;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a propeller in an embodiment provided by a specific implementation mode of the present invention when it is located in a safety position;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a nail pushing plate in an embodiment provided by a specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a nail pushing plate in an embodiment provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a nail magazine assembly in an embodiment provided by a specific implementation method of the present invention.

[0029] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0030] 10. Pusher; 11. Knife bar; 12. Knife holder head; 121. Knife lifting part; 1211. First abutting surface; 1212. Second abutting surface; 1213. Driving slope; 1214. Avoiding slope; 122. Support part; 13. Limiting part; 14. Pressure end; 20. Nail magazine seat; 21. Groove; 211. Guide surface; 212. Stop wall; 213. Guide slope; 22. Stop convex part; 23. First elastic member; 24. Initial surface; 30. Nail support seat; 40. Nail magazine assembly; 41. Nail push plate; 411. Support groove; 4111. Inclined section; 412. Side wall; 413. Slide groove; 414. Second elastic member; 415. Knife collecting groove; 42. Cutting knife; 421. Guide protrusion; 43. Nail magazine body; 431. Nail output surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be understood that the terms "proximal" and "distal" used herein are relative to the clinician who manipulates the handle of the stapler. The term "proximal" refers to the part close to the clinician, and the term "distal" refers to the part away from the clinician. That is, the handle is the proximal side, and the jaw assembly is the distal side. For example, the proximal end of a component represents the end relatively close to the handle, and the distal end represents the end relatively close to the jaw assembly. The terms "upper" and "lower" are based on the relative positions of the anvil and the staple magazine seat of the jaw assembly. Specifically, the anvil is at the "upper" and the staple magazine seat is at the "lower". However, the stapler can be used in many directions and positions, so these terms expressing relative positional relationships are not restrictive and absolute.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a movably connection, or an integral body; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements such as abutment. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. It should be noted that when there are qualifiers before "connected" and "connection", they have the meaning defined by the corresponding qualifiers, and only exclude situations that obviously need to be excluded, and do not exclude other possible situations. For example, "detachably connected" refers to a detachable connection, and does not include integration, but movable connection, etc. are not excluded.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 7The present invention provides a surgical instrument, comprising an end effector, a sleeve assembly and a handle assembly, wherein the handle assembly is connected to the end effector through the sleeve assembly. The sleeve assembly comprises a propeller 10 and a sleeve sleeved on a portion of the propeller 10. The surgical instrument further comprises a transmission assembly and a power assembly, wherein the propeller 10 is transmission-connected to the power assembly through the transmission assembly so as to be driven by the power assembly to move proximally or distally along the length direction of the sleeve. In this embodiment, the power assembly comprises a motor and a gear connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the transmission assembly comprises a rack, which is meshed with the gear and connected to the propeller. In response to the rotation of the motor, the gear rotates to drive the rack to move proximally or distally, thereby causing the rack to drive the propeller to move proximally or distally. The end effector comprises a jaw assembly and a nail magazine assembly 40, wherein the jaw assembly comprises a nail magazine seat 20 and a nail support seat 30 pivotally connected to the nail magazine seat 20. The nail magazine assembly 40 is detachably mounted in the nail magazine seat 20. The anvil 30 can selectively move between an open position and a closed position to switch the end actuator between an open state and a closed state, thereby cooperating with the staple cartridge seat 20 and the staple cartridge assembly 40 to clamp or release the tissue. The distal side of the sleeve is connected to the anvil 30, and the proximal side is connected to the transmission assembly. Specifically, the transmission assembly also includes a jaw drive structure, and the proximal side of the sleeve is connected to the jaw drive structure. In one embodiment, the jaw drive structure includes a jaw drive motor and a jaw drive assembly. The jaw drive assembly includes a gear connected to the jaw drive motor and a rack meshed with the gear. The rack is connected to the sleeve. In response to the rotation of the motor, the gear rotates to drive the rack to move to drive the sleeve forward or backward. In another embodiment, the jaw drive structure includes a handle, a connecting rod assembly connected to the handle, and an unlocking assembly. The connecting rod assembly is connected to the sleeve. When the handle is pressed, the connecting rod assembly moves to drive the sleeve to move forward. When the unlocking assembly is pressed, the unlocking assembly acts on the connecting rod to move the sleeve backward. The rearward (i.e., proximal) movement of the sleeve causes the anvil 30 to pivot upward to open the jaw assembly, and the forward (i.e., distal) movement of the sleeve causes the anvil 30 to pivot downward to close the jaw assembly. The cartridge assembly 40 includes a cartridge push plate assembly and a cartridge body 43, and the cartridge push plate assembly is detachably connected to the pusher 10 to be driven by the pusher 10 to perform a firing action.

[0035] Specifically, the nail pushing plate assembly includes a nail pushing plate 41 and a cutting knife 42 movably connected to the nail pushing plate 41. The proximal side of the pusher 10 is connected to the transmission assembly, and the distal side is detachably connected to the nail pushing plate 41 and the cutting knife 42, which is used to drive the nail pushing plate 41 and the cutting knife 42 to move. In other words, the surgical instrument in this embodiment has a nail magazine with a knife. The nail magazine seat 20 has a limiting structure for limiting and stopping the pusher 10. The pusher 10 has a knife-lifting portion 121 extending distally, and the bottom of the nail pushing plate 41 has a supporting structure. When the nail magazine assembly 40 is installed in the nail magazine seat 20 and the nail pushing plate 41 is in the proximal position, the bottom of the knife-lifting portion 121 is supported by the supporting structure, and the end actuator is in a first state. In the first state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher 10 passes over the limiting structure and moves distally. When the pusher 10 moves distally, it cooperates with the nail pushing plate 41 to drive the nail pushing plate 41 to move distally; the proximal position means that the nail pushing plate 41 is located on the proximal side of the nail magazine assembly 40.

[0036] When the nail magazine assembly 40 is not installed in the nail magazine seat 20, or the nail push plate 41 of the installed nail magazine assembly 40 is not on the proximal side of the nail magazine assembly 40 (in the nail magazine assembly 40 that has been fired, the nail push plate 41 is located on the distal side of the nail magazine assembly 40), the end actuator is in the second state, and the knife lifter 121 is suspended in the nail magazine seat 20. At this time, the end actuator is in the second state, and suspension means that the bottom of the knife lifter 121 is not supported by the supporting structure and is in a suspended state. In the second state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher 10 moves distally and is blocked by the limiting structure. The pusher 10 cannot continue to move distally, so that the pusher 10 cannot fire normally.

[0037] Among them, in a preferred embodiment, when the blade is not advanced, the pusher 10 is at a first height, and when the end actuator is in a first state, the support structure supports the pusher 10 at the bottom, so that the pusher 10 is always at the first height when moving distally, and can drive the nail push plate 41 to move distally across the limiting structure, and can fire normally. When the end actuator is in a second state, the pusher 10 is at a first height and the knife lifting part 121 is suspended in the nail magazine seat 20. In response to the user's operation, when the pusher 10 moves distally, since the knife lifting part 121 is not supported, it will switch from the first height to the second height and continue to move distally, and be blocked by the limiting structure. The second height is lower than the first height, and the limiting structure can only block the pusher 10 at the second height from moving distally, and cannot block the pusher 10 at the first height from moving distally. It can be seen from the above that the surgical instrument in this embodiment can be fired normally only when the nail magazine assembly 40 is installed in the nail magazine seat 20 and the nail pusher plate 41 is in the proximal position, and cannot be fired when the nail magazine assembly 40 is not installed in the nail magazine seat 20, or the nail pusher plate 41 of the installed nail magazine assembly 40 is not on the proximal side of the nail magazine assembly 40. This avoids the problem that when a surgical instrument with a nail magazine with a knife is installed with a used nail magazine assembly 40 or when the nail magazine assembly 40 is not installed, the pusher 10 moving distally does not drive the cutting knife 42 to cut the tissue distally, but directly squeezes the tissue, causing damage to the tissue.

[0038] The support structure includes a support groove 411 formed at the bottom of the nail pushing plate 41, and the support groove 411 includes a bottom wall. When the end actuator is in the first state, the bottom wall of the support groove 411 abuts against the knife lifting part 121 to support the knife lifting part 121, and at this time, the knife lifting part 121 is partially located in the support groove 411; when the pusher 10 moves distally, the lower end of the knife lifting part 121 abuts against the bottom wall of the support groove 411 and slides relative to the support groove 411. After the knife lifting part 121 completely enters the support groove 411, the pusher 10 is still at the first height under the support of the support groove 411, and can drive the nail pushing plate 41 to move distally for firing. The support of the knife lifting part 121 by the support groove 411 prevents the pusher 10 from moving downward to the second height, and the pusher 10 at the first height can smoothly cross the limiting structure to drive the nail pushing plate 41.

[0039] When installing the nail magazine assembly 40 with the nail pushing plate 41 on the proximal side, after the nail magazine assembly 40 is inserted into the nail magazine seat 20, the bottom wall of the support groove 411 extends into the lower side of the knife lifting part 121 and supports the knife lifting part 121. To facilitate the installation of the nail magazine assembly 40, the support groove 411 also includes an inclined section 4111, which is located on the proximal side of the bottom wall and connected to the bottom wall, and the inclined section 4111 is low on the proximal side and high on the distal side. That is, the inclined section 4111 is inclined downward in the proximal direction, and the nail magazine assembly 40 is installed from the distal side to the proximal side. At the same time, the lower side of the knife lifting part 121 has an avoidance slope 1214. The setting of the inclined section 4111 and the avoidance slope 1214 allows the inclined section 4111 to easily enter the space below the knife lifting part 121 and guide the installation of the nail magazine assembly 40.

[0040] The nail pushing plate 41 is provided with a receiving groove, and the cutting knife 42 is accommodated in the receiving groove. The supporting groove 411 is located at the lower side of the receiving groove and is connected to the receiving groove. Specifically, the nail pushing plate 41 has two oppositely arranged side walls 412, and at least a part of the cutting knife 42 is accommodated between the two side walls 412, that is, a receiving groove is formed between the two side walls 412, and the cutting knife 42 can slide up and down in the receiving groove. Before the nail magazine assembly 40 is installed, the cutting knife 42 is completely located in the receiving groove and is in a blade-retracting state. The side wall 412 is provided with a slide groove 413 along the vertical direction, and the cutting knife 42 is provided with a guide protrusion 421 adapted to the slide groove 413. When the cutting knife 42 is extended, it extends vertically upward along the slide groove 413 through the guide protrusion 421, and the gap between the cutting knife 42 and the side wall 412 is set to reduce the friction between the side wall 412 and the cutting knife 42, and the setting of the slide groove 413 makes the cutting direction of the cutting knife 42 stable. The support groove 411 is located below the storage groove and is open at the proximal side, so that the knife lifting part 121 can enter the support groove 411 from the proximal side. From the overall point of view, the proximal side of the support groove 411 is in a trumpet shape.

[0041] The knife lifting portion 121 has a driving bevel 1213, and the driving bevel 1213 is arranged on the upper side of the distal end of the knife lifting portion 121. When the nail magazine assembly 40 is installed, the lower side of the knife lifting portion 121 enters the supporting groove 411, and the upper side enters the receiving groove, and the cutting knife 42 is abutted by the driving bevel 1213. Under the action of the driving bevel 1213, the cutting knife 42 slides upward and is exposed outside the receiving groove, and the cutting knife 42 switches to the blade-out state. After the installation of the nail magazine assembly 40 is completed, the end actuator is in the first state. At this time, a part of the knife lifting portion 121 is accommodated in the receiving groove, and the other part is accommodated in the supporting groove 411. The upper end surface of the knife lifting portion 121 abuts the cutting knife 42, and the lower end surface abuts the bottom wall of the supporting groove 411, and the knife lifting portion 121 does not abut the distal side of the support groove 411, and the cutting knife 42 is in the blade-out state.

[0042] In the first state, the pusher 10 cannot directly drive the push plate 41 to move when it moves distally. When the pusher 10 moves distally, it slides relative to the push plate 41 until the pusher 10 cooperates with the push plate 41. The cooperation means that the knife lifting part 121 abuts against the distal side of the support groove 411. At this time, the pusher 10 can drive the push plate 41 to move distally for firing. During the process of the knife lifting part 121 moving distally to cooperate with the push plate 41, the pusher 10 is always at the first height under the action of the support groove 411, and can pass over the limiting structure without being blocked by the limiting structure.

[0043] The pusher 10 is provided with a limiting portion 13. The limiting portion 13 is used to be blocked by the limiting structure when the pusher 10 is at the second height. When the pusher 10 is at the first height and moves distally, the limiting portion 13 is higher than the limiting structure so that the pusher 10 passes over the limiting structure. When the pusher 10 is at the second height and moves distally, the limiting structure blocks the limiting portion 13 to block the pusher 10.

[0044] See also Figure 3 to Figure 4 In this embodiment, the limiting structure is a groove 21, the limiting portion 13 is a protrusion, the groove 21 includes a stop wall 212, and the stop wall 212 is located on the far side of the groove 21. The limiting portion 13 is provided on the side of the pusher 10. When the pusher 10 is at a first height, the limiting portion 13 is higher than the upper edge of the stop wall 212 and is located outside the groove 21. Therefore, when the pusher 10 is at the first height and moves distally, the stop wall 212 cannot block the limiting portion 13; when the pusher 10 is at a second height, the limiting portion 13 is lower than the upper edge of the stop wall 212 and is located in the groove 21. Therefore, when the pusher 10 is at the first height and moves distally, the stop wall 212 blocks the limiting portion 13, so that the pusher 10 cannot continue to move distally. For further information, please refer to Figure 3 to Figure 4 The nail magazine seat 20 also includes a stop protrusion 22, which is located on the distal side of the stop wall 212 and higher than the upper edge of the stop wall 212. This can enhance the limiting effect of the limiting structure and prevent the pusher 10 from crossing the limiting structure due to a high speed when moving distally at the second height.

[0045] See also Figure 7 The nail magazine seat 20 also includes an initial surface 24, which is located near the groove 21. When the pusher 10 is in the initial position, a portion of it abuts against the initial surface 24 to be at a first height. The knife lifting portion 121 is located far from the initial surface and is suspended above the groove 21. Specifically, when the pusher 10 is in the initial position, the limiting portion 13 abuts against the initial surface 24, so that the limiting portion 13 is located near the groove 21 and above the groove 21.

[0046] When the nail magazine assembly 40 is not installed in the nail magazine seat 20, or the nail pushing plate 41 of the installed nail magazine assembly 40 is not on the proximal side of the nail magazine assembly 40, the knife lifting portion 121 is not supported, and when the pusher 10 moves from the initial position to the distal side, it first moves downward into the groove 21, and the limiting portion 13 abuts against the bottom surface of the groove 21 to make the pusher 10 at the second height.

[0047] In order to ensure that when the knife-lifting portion 121 is not supported, the pusher 10 can stably enter the groove 21 and avoid directly passing through the limiting structure, the pusher 10 also has a pressure end 14 extending in a direction away from the knife-lifting portion 121, and the nail magazine seat 20 is also provided with a first elastic member 23, one end of the first elastic member 23 is connected to the nail magazine seat 20, and the other end abuts against the pressure end 14 and applies a downward elastic force to the pressure end 14. The pusher 10 is in an initial position before moving distally, and in the initial position, the limiting portion 13 is located above the groove 21. When the pusher 10 moves distally from the initial position, the pusher 10 moves downward under the elastic force of the first elastic member 23, so that the limiting portion 13 enters the groove 21. In the present embodiment, the first elastic member 23 is a spring sheet, the proximal side of which is fixed to the nail magazine seat 20, and the distal side crimps the pressure-receiving end 14 to the bottom of the nail magazine seat 20, and the distal side of the spring sheet has a middle through hole protruding proximal to the pressure-receiving end 14 to improve the fixing effect. Of course, the middle through hole has a suitable length so as not to affect the normal movement of the pusher 10. When the surgical instrument is installed with a used nail magazine assembly 40 or the nail magazine assembly 40 is not installed, the spring sheet always presses the pressure-receiving end 14, and there is no nail pushing plate 41 on the proximal side of the nail magazine seat 20, and the knife lifting portion 121 cannot be switched to the mating state, so that the limiting portion 13 of the pusher 10 enters the groove 21 and is limited and stopped by the stop wall of the groove 21 during the process of moving distally. When the surgical instrument is normally installed with an unused nail magazine assembly 40, the spring clip will continue to press the pressed end 14, but the knife lifting portion 121 switches to the mating state so that the pusher 10 is lifted to overcome the elastic force of the spring clip, so that the spring clip does not affect the distal movement of the pusher 10.

[0048] It is worth noting that a guiding bevel 213 is provided on the proximal side of the groove 21, and the guiding bevel 213 is connected to the initial surface 24. After the pusher 10 moves distally to drive the nail push plate 41 to fire distally, in response to the user's operation, the pusher 10 moves proximally back to the initial position. When the pusher 10 moves proximally, the limiting portion 13 adheres to the bottom wall of the nail magazine seat 20. When passing through the groove 21, the limiting portion 13 enters the groove 21, abuts against the bottom wall of the groove 21, and moves proximally in the groove 21. When the limiting portion 13 contacts the guiding bevel 213, the guiding bevel 213 guides the limiting portion 13, so that the pusher 10 moves upward through the groove 21. The limiting portion 13 abuts against the initial surface 24, so that the pusher 10 returns to the initial position smoothly. For details, please refer to Figures 2 to 4The pusher 10 includes a knife bar 11 and a knife holder head 12. The knife holder head 12 is connected to the distal side of the knife bar 11, and the proximal side of the knife bar 11 is connected to the transmission assembly. The limit portion 13 is arranged on one side of the knife holder head 12 and is located on the knife holder head. When the nail magazine assembly 40 is installed on the nail magazine seat 20 and the pusher 10 moves distally along the length direction, the knife holder head 12 pushes the nail pushing plate 41 to move forward, and the knife holder head 12 contacts and cooperates with the cutting knife 42, so that the cutting knife 42 is lifted and further detachably connected to the knife holder head 12, and the blade of the cutting knife 42 protrudes from the nail outlet surface 431 of the nail magazine body 43. Further, the knife holder head 12 includes a knife lifting portion 121 and a supporting portion 122. The knife lifting portion 121 is located on the lower side of the knife holder head 12. The supporting portion 122 is located on the upper side of the knife holder head 12. The positions of the knife lifting portion 121 and the supporting portion 122 correspond.

[0049] After the pusher 10 passes through the limiting structure, it drives the nail pushing plate 41 to move distally to advance the knife. After the nail pushing plate 41 moves to the distal side of the nail magazine assembly 40, the knife advancement is completed. At this time, the pusher 10 moves proximally to withdraw the knife. The pusher 10 can only drive the nail pushing plate 41 to move distally, and cannot pull the nail pushing plate 41 to move proximally. The knife lifting part 121 moves proximally with the pusher 10, and the knife lifting part 121 separates from the nail pushing plate 41. The pusher 10 moves proximally to the initial position, and the nail pushing plate 41 remains at the distal side of the nail magazine assembly 40.

[0050] For details, please refer to Figure 6 , the nail pushing plate 41 is provided with a knife receiving groove 415 capable of accommodating at least a part of the cutting knife 42, and a second elastic member 414 is also provided in the nail pushing plate 41, and the second elastic member 414 is accommodated in the knife receiving groove 415. Specifically, the second elastic member 414 is a special-shaped spring. One end of the second elastic member 414 abuts against the cutting knife 42, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the knife receiving groove 415, which is used to apply elastic force to the cutting knife 42 to keep the cutting knife 42 in a hidden state. When the driving inclined surface 1213 of the knife lifting part 121 contacts the bottom of the cutting knife 42, the cutting knife 42 moves upward, the second elastic member 414 is compressed, and the cutting knife 42 continues to move upward and extends out, switching from a hidden state to a blade-out state. When the propeller 10 drives the knife lifting part 121 to move proximally when the knife lifting part 121 no longer abuts against the cutting knife 42, the second elastic member 414 rebounds and drives the cutting knife 42 to be retracted into the knife receiving groove 415.

[0051] After the pusher 10 returns to the initial position, the knife is retracted, the medical staff controls the jaw assembly to open, and moves the stapler out of the human body, and the operation is completed.

[0052] When the surgical instrument of the present invention is installed with a used staple cartridge assembly 40 or without the staple cartridge assembly 40, the end actuator is in the second state, and the pusher 10 will be blocked by the limiting structure when moving distally and cannot continue to move, thereby preventing the pusher 10 from directly squeezing the tissue and causing damage to the tissue. Only when the staple cartridge seat 20 is installed with the staple cartridge assembly 40 and the staple push plate 41 is in the proximal position, the end actuator is in the first state, and the pusher 10 is lifted to pass over the limiting structure and advance distally. The normal use of the surgical instrument is ensured, and the risk of injury to the human body is avoided when the surgical instrument with a staple cartridge with a knife is installed with a used staple cartridge assembly 40 or without the staple cartridge assembly 40.

[0053] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each implementation mode may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0054] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation methods or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, characterized in that: The invention comprises an end effector and a sleeve assembly, wherein the sleeve assembly comprises a pusher, and the end effector comprises: A jaw assembly, the jaw assembly comprising a nail magazine seat and a nail anvil pivotally connected to the nail magazine seat; the nail magazine seat has a limiting structure; A nail magazine assembly, the nail magazine assembly is detachably mounted in the nail magazine seat, the nail magazine assembly comprises a nail pushing plate and a cutting knife movably connected to the nail pushing plate; The bottom of the pusher has a knife-lifting portion, and the bottom of the nail-pushing plate has a supporting structure. When the nail magazine assembly is installed in the nail magazine seat and the nail-pushing plate is in a proximal position, the knife-lifting portion is supported by the supporting structure, and the end actuator is in a first state; in the first state, in response to a user's operation, the pusher moves distally over the limiting structure to cooperate with the nail-pushing plate, thereby driving the nail-pushing plate to move distally; When the nail magazine assembly is not installed in the nail magazine seat or the nail pushing plate is in the distal position, the knife lifting part is suspended in the nail magazine seat, and the end actuator is in the second state; in the second state, in response to the user's operation, the pusher is blocked by the limiting structure when moving distally.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that The support structure includes a support groove formed at the bottom of the nail pushing plate, and the support groove includes a bottom wall. When the end actuator is in the first state, the bottom wall of the support groove abuts against the knife lifting part to support the knife lifting part.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that The supporting groove further comprises an inclined section, which is located near the bottom wall and connected to the bottom wall, and the proximal side of the inclined section is low and the distal side is high.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nail pushing plate is provided with a receiving groove, the cutting knife is accommodated in the receiving groove, the receiving groove is communicated with the supporting groove, and when the end effector is in the first state, a part of the knife lifting part is accommodated in the receiving groove, and another part is accommodated in the supporting groove; The upper end surface of the knife lifting portion abuts against the cutting knife, so that the cutting knife is in a blade-out state; the lower end surface of the knife lifting portion abuts against the bottom wall of the supporting groove.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that The thruster includes a limiting portion. In the first state, the limiting portion is at a first height, and the limiting portion is higher than the limiting structure so that the thruster can pass over the limiting structure. In the second state, the limiting portion is at a second height, and the limiting structure blocks the limiting portion to block the thruster. The second height is lower than the first height.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that The limiting structure is a groove, which includes a stop wall. When the pusher is at the first height, the limiting portion is higher than the upper edge of the stop wall and is located outside the groove; when the pusher is at the second height, the limiting portion is lower than the upper edge of the stop wall and is located inside the groove.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that The nail magazine seat also includes a stop convex portion, which is located at the far side of the stop wall and higher than the upper edge of the stop wall.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that The nail magazine seat also includes an initial surface, which is located on the proximal side of the groove. When the pusher is in the initial position, the pusher part abuts against the initial surface to be at the first height.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that The pusher also has a pressure-receiving end extending in a direction away from the knife-lifting portion, and the nail magazine seat is also provided with a first elastic member, one end of the first elastic member is connected to the nail magazine seat, and the other end abuts against the pressure-receiving end, and the first elastic member applies a downward elastic force to the pressure-receiving end. When the end actuator is in the second state, in response to the distal movement of the pusher, the pusher moves downward under the elastic force of the first elastic member, so that the limiting portion enters the groove.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that A guide slope is provided on the proximal side of the groove, and the guide slope is connected to the initial surface.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that The pusher includes a knife rod and a knife holder head connected to the knife rod, the knife lifting portion is arranged on the lower side of the knife holder head, and in response to the user's operation, the knife rod drives the knife holder head to move distally.

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