Engine for achieving natural pressurization through crankcase and pressurization method of engine

Abstract

The invention discloses an engine for realizing natural pressurization by using a crankcase and a pressurization method thereof, the engine comprises cylinders, pistons, a crankshaft, the crankcase and inlet and outlet valves, and camshafts on two sides are used for respectively and sequentially controlling the inlet and outlet valves of the left and right cylinders to realize four strokes of pressurization air intake, compression, acting and exhaust of the two cylinders; when the two opposite pistons move upwards to increase the volume of the crankcase, the one-way valve is opened to suck outside air into the crankcase; and when the two opposite pistons move downwards, the volume of the crankcase is reduced, and meanwhile, the one-way valve is closed, and the camshaft on one side controls the intake valve to be opened to press air in the crankcase into the air cylinder on the side. Gas generated by ascending of the pistons on the two sides and sucked in by a large space can be utilized, and the operation space of the two pistons is pressed into the air cylinder on one side, so that pressurization is achieved. The structure is scientific and reasonable, the air valve and air channel structures are optimally designed, and the problems that an existing engine is complex in structure, large in size and high in cost due to multiple parts are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of opposed engines, and in particular to an engine that realizes natural supercharging by utilizing a crankcase and a supercharging method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The traditional opposed four-stroke engine is an internal combustion engine based on the principle of reciprocating motion. It works through the following processes: intake, compression, combustion and exhaust. The cylinders of the four-stroke engine are arranged in an opposed arrangement, perpendicular to the crankshaft, and connected by the crankshaft. There is a piston in each cylinder that reciprocates up and down in the cylinder, and the piston is connected to the crankshaft through a connecting rod. There is a valve on the top of the cylinder to control the intake and exhaust. When the intake valve is open, the mixture is allowed to enter the cylinder, and the exhaust gas is discharged after combustion.

[0003] However, traditional engines have some disadvantages. First, the intake volume is limited by the design of the intake duct, and the intake volume is relatively small, which limits the output and performance of the engine; second, due to the limited intake and exhaust volume, it cannot meet the needs of efficient combustion and greater output power. If supercharging technology is used to increase the intake volume and power, an additional turbine or mechanical supercharger is required, which increases the size and complexity of the engine and is not suitable for small-sized applications such as drones. In addition, due to the complex design, poor integration and stability of the air duct, the manufacturing and use costs of traditional engines are also high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the inventor has developed and designed a new type of engine with a compact and scientifically reasonable structure, optimized valve and airway structure, and simple and useful structure. The engine with reduced volume and strong integration can realize natural supercharging of the engine without increasing parts and volume, and also simplifies the intake duct. The problem of existing engine parts with complex structure, large volume, high cost and poor reliability is solved. Specifically, the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] On the one hand, an engine that uses a crankcase to achieve natural supercharging is disclosed, including a cylinder, a piston, a crankshaft, a crankcase, and an inlet and outlet valve, wherein: the cylinder includes a horizontally opposed left and right cylinders, with a crankcase in the middle, a crankshaft and two connecting rods installed in the crankcase, and the two connecting rods are respectively connected to the left and right pistons; the left and right cylinders are respectively designed with a left inlet valve and an outlet valve and a right inlet valve and an outlet valve, and each inlet valve and an outlet valve are installed with a cam control mechanism on the outer side of the cylinder to control the opening and closing thereof; the crankcase is provided with a left inlet valve and an outlet valve, and a right inlet valve and an outlet valve are provided with a cam control mechanism on the outer side of the cylinder to control the opening and closing thereof; Left and right cylinder intake pipes are provided which are respectively connected to the left and right cylinders, and the ends of the left and right cylinder intake pipes are left and right intake valves; a one-way air valve which is connected to the outside of the crankcase is provided under the crankcase, so that the left and right cylinders can inhale the air outside the case through the one-way air valve during the compression stroke or the exhaust stroke; the crankcase can enable the left and right pistons to pressurize the air in the entire crankcase and the two cylinders into one of the cylinders through the left and right cylinder intake pipes during the intake stroke or the power stroke, so as to realize pressurized intake.

[0006] Furthermore, the cam control mechanism closes the intake and exhaust valves of the left and right cylinders during the power stroke and compression stroke; the intake valves open during the intake stroke of the left and right cylinders; and the exhaust valves open during the exhaust stroke of the left and right cylinders.

[0007] Furthermore, the cam control mechanism includes: a valve return spring installed at the tail end of the intake and exhaust valves on the outer side of the cylinder, and a set of cams installed corresponding to the tail of each valve; the opening and closing of the valve is controlled by the cam.

[0008] Furthermore, the one-way air valve is arranged at the bottom position in the middle of the crankcase, and is composed of two air sheets that are pressed inwardly against each other and are obliquely overlapped. When the internal air pressure of the crankcase is low, the valve is closed, and the top edges of the air sheets are pressed inwardly against each other, closing the air gap; when the internal air pressure of the crankcase is high, the valve is opened, and the top edges of the air sheets are pushed outwardly against each other, opening the air gap, and external gas enters the crankcase through the air gap.

[0009] On the other hand, a supercharging method for an engine based on the above-mentioned engine that uses a crankcase to achieve natural supercharging is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0010] Step S1, the intake valve of the left cylinder is opened and the exhaust valve is closed, and an intake stroke is performed. At the same time, the intake valve of the right cylinder is closed and the exhaust valve is closed, and a power stroke is performed. The left and right pistons squeeze the air in the crankcase inward, the pressure in the crankcase increases, and the one-way valve is closed. The air in the crankcase and the left and right cylinders is pressed into the left cylinder through the left cylinder intake pipe and the left cylinder intake valve;

[0011] Step S2, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the left cylinder are closed, and the gas entering the left cylinder is compressed to perform a compression stroke. At the same time, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the right cylinder are closed and opened to perform an exhaust stroke. The right piston discharges the exhaust gas from the exhaust valve of the right cylinder. The pressure in the crankcase is reduced, and the one-way valve is opened, and fresh air is pressed into the crankcase from the one-way valve.

[0012] Step S3, the intake valve of the right cylinder is opened and the exhaust valve is closed, and an intake stroke is performed. At the same time, the intake valve of the left cylinder is closed and the exhaust valve is closed, and a power stroke is performed. The left and right pistons squeeze the air in the crankcase inward, and the pressure in the crankcase increases and the one-way valve is closed. The air in the crankcase and the left and right cylinders is pressed into the right cylinder through the right cylinder intake pipe and the right cylinder intake valve;

[0013] Step S4, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the right cylinder are closed, and the gas entering the right cylinder is compressed to perform a compression stroke. At the same time, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the left cylinder are closed and opened to perform an exhaust stroke. The left piston discharges the exhaust gas from the exhaust valve of the left cylinder, the pressure in the crankcase is reduced, the one-way valve is opened, and fresh air is pressed into the crankcase from the one-way valve.

[0014] Among them: the intake valve and exhaust valve of each of the left and right cylinders are controlled to open by their respective corresponding cams, the cam's convex part presses the end of the valve to compress the valve return spring inward to open the valve, and after the convex part leaves the end of the valve, the valve retracts and closes the valve under the action of the valve return spring. The speed and time of the cam rotation can meet the time of opening the valve to just meet the time node and gas volume requirement of intake or exhaust, so as to realize the adaptation of the intake and exhaust valve control of the two cylinders to the four strokes of boost intake, compression, power and exhaust of the two cylinders.

[0015] Working principle and beneficial technical effects of the present invention: The core technical principle of the present technical solution is to realize natural supercharging by utilizing the space of the crankcase and the two cylinders, that is, to realize the four strokes of supercharged intake, compression, power and exhaust of the two cylinders by using the camshafts on both sides to control the intake and exhaust valves of the left and right cylinders in turn. In detail, the engine can make the left and right cylinders and pistons, through the design of a special crankcase structure and the application of a one-way valve, press the air in the crankcase and the two cylinders into one of the cylinders that needs to work through the movement of the piston during a specific stroke, thereby realizing supercharged intake. In the working principle steps of the engine, this design controls the intake and exhaust valves of the two cylinders, so that the intake valve of one cylinder is opened and the exhaust valve is closed during the intake stroke and the power stroke of the left and right pistons, and the intake and exhaust valves of the other cylinder in the power stroke are closed; during the compression stroke and the exhaust stroke, the intake valve of one cylinder is closed and the exhaust valve is closed, and the intake valve of the other cylinder that needs to be exhausted is closed and the exhaust valve is opened. Through this control method, the opening and closing time of the valve is effectively adjusted to meet the needs of intake and exhaust. At the same time, the one-way valve independently designed on the crankcase is used to achieve automatic intake and sealing according to the changes in the internal air pressure of the crankcase under different stroke conditions. The structural design is ingenious and precise. This naturally supercharged engine technical solution brings the following technical effects and beneficial functions:

[0016] By using the crankcase to achieve supercharged intake, additional turbines or superchargers are avoided, reducing the size and complexity of the engine, making it more suitable for small-size applications such as drones. Without changing the peripherals or increasing the size, the engine's intake volume and compression effect are enhanced, improving the engine's output power and performance.

[0017] The one-way air valve in the crankcase can automatically replenish air to the crankcase and cylinder, so that during the compression stroke or exhaust stroke, the air outside the case is sucked in to further increase the pressure and improve the intake effect, without the need for additional air supply pipelines;

[0018] The opening and closing of the valves are precisely controlled by the cam control mechanism, achieving the optimal working state of the valves and improving the combustion efficiency and stability of the engine.

[0019] The engine structure becomes simpler and more reliable, lighter, smaller, and the manufacturing and use costs are greatly reduced. It can play an important role in small application fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an engine that realizes natural supercharging by utilizing a crankcase according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2A bottom view of the structure of an engine that utilizes a crankcase to achieve natural supercharging according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural stereogram of an engine that realizes natural supercharging by utilizing a crankcase according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the steps of realizing four-stroke in the supercharging method of the present invention;

[0024] Among them: 1—crankcase, 11—crankshaft, 12—connecting rod, 2—cylinder, 21—left piston, 31—right piston, 22—left intake valve, 23—left exhaust valve, 32—right intake valve, 33—right exhaust valve, 24—left cylinder intake pipe, 34—right cylinder intake pipe, 4—check valve, 5—valve return spring, 6—cam, 7—camshaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1: An engine that uses a crankcase to achieve natural supercharging, comprising a cylinder, a piston, a crankshaft 11, a crankcase 1, and an inlet and outlet valve, and having the following characteristics:

[0027] The cylinder includes left and right cylinders that are horizontally opposed, with a crankcase 1 in the middle. A crankshaft 11 and two connecting rods 12 are installed in the crankcase 1. The two connecting rods 12 are respectively connected to the left and right pistons 31;

[0028] The left and right cylinders are each designed with a left inlet and exhaust valve and a right inlet and exhaust valve at both ends. Each inlet and exhaust valve is equipped with a cam 6 control mechanism on the outside of the cylinder to control its opening and closing;

[0029] The crankcase 1 is provided with left and right cylinder intake pipes 34 connected to the left and right cylinders respectively, and the ends of the left and right cylinder intake pipes 34 are left and right intake valves; a one-way air valve 4 connected to the outside of the crankcase 1 is provided below the crankcase 1, so that the left and right cylinders can inhale air outside the crankcase through the one-way air valve 4 during the compression stroke or exhaust stroke;

[0030] The crankcase 1 enables the left and right pistons 31 to press the entire crankcase 1 and the air in the two cylinders into one of the cylinders through the left and right cylinder intake pipes 34 during the intake stroke or the power stroke, thereby achieving pressurized intake.

[0031] Among them, the one-way air valve 4 is arranged at the bottom position of the middle part of the crankcase 1, and is composed of two air sheets that are pressed inwardly against each other and overlapped obliquely. When the internal air pressure of the crankcase 1 is low, the valve is closed, and the top edges of the air sheets are pressed inwardly against each other, closing the air gap; when the internal air pressure of the crankcase 1 is high, the valve is opened, and the top edges of the air sheets are pushed outwardly against each other, opening the air gap, and external gas enters the crankcase 1 through the air gap.

[0032] The cam 6 control mechanism includes: a valve return spring 5 installed at the tail end of the intake and exhaust valves on the outer side of the cylinder, and a set of cams 6 are installed at the tail end of each valve; the opening and closing of the valves are controlled by the cam 6. The cam 6 control mechanism makes the intake and exhaust valves of the left and right cylinders close during the power stroke and compression stroke; the intake valve opens when the left and right cylinders are in the intake stroke; and the exhaust valve opens when the left and right cylinders are in the exhaust stroke.

[0033] When in use: when the two opposing pistons move upward, the volume of the crankcase 1 increases and the one-way valve is opened to suck the outside air into the crankcase 1.

[0034] When the two opposing pistons move downward, the volume of the crankcase 1 decreases and the one-way valve is closed. The camshaft 7 on one side controls the opening of its intake valve to press the air in the crankcase 1 into the cylinder on this side.

[0035] The gas generated by the upward movement of the pistons on both sides and sucked into the large space is pressed into the cylinder on one side by the operating space of the two pistons to achieve pressurization.

[0036] Embodiment 2: A supercharging method for an engine based on the above-mentioned use of the crankcase 1 to achieve natural supercharging, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Step S1, the intake valve of the left cylinder is opened and the exhaust valve is closed, and an intake stroke is performed. At the same time, the intake valve of the right cylinder is closed and the exhaust valve is closed, and a power stroke is performed. The left and right pistons 31 squeeze the air in the crankcase 1 inward, and the pressure in the crankcase 1 increases, and the one-way valve 4 is closed. The air in the crankcase 1 and the left and right cylinders is pressed into the left cylinder through the left cylinder intake pipe 24 and the left cylinder intake valve.

[0038] Step S2, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the left cylinder are closed, and the gas entering the left cylinder is compressed to perform a compression stroke. At the same time, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the right cylinder are closed and opened to perform an exhaust stroke. The right piston 31 discharges the exhaust gas from the exhaust valve of the right cylinder. The pressure in the crankcase 1 is reduced, and the one-way valve 4 is opened, and fresh air is pressed into the crankcase 1 from the one-way valve 4.

[0039] Step S3, the intake valve of the right cylinder is opened and the exhaust valve is closed, and the suction stroke is performed. At the same time, the intake valve of the left cylinder is closed and the exhaust valve is closed, and the power stroke is performed. The left and right pistons 31 squeeze the air in the crankcase 1 inward, and the pressure in the crankcase 1 increases, and the one-way valve 4 is closed. The air in the crankcase 1 and the left and right cylinders is pressed into the right cylinder through the right cylinder intake pipe 34 and the right cylinder intake valve;

[0040] Step S4, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the right cylinder are closed, and the gas compressed into the right cylinder performs a compression stroke. At the same time, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the left cylinder are closed and opened, and an exhaust stroke is performed. The left piston 21 discharges the exhaust gas from the exhaust valve of the left cylinder, the pressure in the crankcase 1 is reduced, the one-way valve 4 is opened, and fresh air is pressed into the crankcase 1 from the one-way valve 4.

[0041] Among them: the intake valve and exhaust valve of each of the left and right cylinders are controlled to open by their respective corresponding cams 6, the convex part of the cam 6 presses the end of the valve to compress the valve return spring 5 inward to open the valve, and after the convex part leaves the end of the valve, the valve retracts and closes the valve under the action of the valve return spring 5, and the speed and time of the rotation of the cam 6 can meet the time of opening the valve to just meet the time node and gas volume requirement of intake or exhaust; the intake and exhaust valve control of the two cylinders is adapted to the four strokes of boost intake, compression, power and exhaust of the two cylinders.

[0042] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. An engine that uses a crankcase to achieve natural supercharging, comprising a cylinder, a piston, a crankshaft (11), a crankcase (1), and inlet and outlet valves, characterized in that: The cylinder comprises left and right cylinders which are horizontally opposed, with a crankcase (1) in the middle, a crankshaft (11) and two connecting rods (12) installed in the crankcase (1), and the two connecting rods (12) are respectively connected to the left and right pistons (31); The left and right cylinders are respectively provided with a left inlet and exhaust valve and a right inlet and exhaust valve at both ends, and each inlet and exhaust valve is provided with a cam (6) control mechanism for controlling its opening and closing on the outer side of the cylinder; The crankcase (1) is provided with left and right cylinder air intake pipes (34) respectively connected to the left and right cylinders, and the ends of the left and right cylinder air intake pipes (34) are left and right air intake valves; a one-way air valve (4) connected to the outside of the crankcase (1) is provided below the crankcase (1), so that the left and right cylinders can inhale air outside the crankcase through the one-way air valve (4) during the compression stroke or the exhaust stroke; The crankcase (1) enables the left and right pistons (31) to press the entire crankcase (1) and the air in the two cylinders into one of the cylinders through the left and right cylinder intake pipes (34) during the intake stroke or the power stroke, thereby achieving pressurized intake.

2. The engine using crankcase to achieve natural supercharging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam (6) control mechanism closes the intake and exhaust valves of the left and right cylinders during the power stroke and compression stroke; opens the intake valves during the intake stroke of the left and right cylinders; and opens the exhaust valves during the exhaust stroke of the left and right cylinders.

3. The engine using crankcase to achieve natural supercharging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cam (6) control mechanism comprises: a valve return spring (5) installed at the tail end of the intake and exhaust valves on the outer side of the cylinder, and a set of cams (6) installed corresponding to the tail of each valve; the opening and closing of the valves are controlled by the cams (6).

4. The engine using crankcase to achieve natural supercharging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way air valve (4) is arranged at the bottom position of the middle part of the crankcase (1) and is composed of two air sheets that are pressed inwardly against each other and overlapped obliquely. When the internal air pressure of the crankcase (1) is low, the valve is closed, the top edges of the air sheets are pressed inwardly against each other, and the air gap is closed; when the internal air pressure of the crankcase (1) is high, the valve is opened, the top edges of the air sheets are pushed outwardly against each other, and the air gap is opened, and external gas enters the crankcase (1) through the air gap.

5. A supercharging method for an engine using a crankcase to achieve natural supercharging according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step S1, the intake valve of the left cylinder is opened and the exhaust valve is closed, and an intake stroke is performed. At the same time, the intake valve of the right cylinder is closed and the exhaust valve is closed, and a power stroke is performed. The left and right pistons (31) press the air in the crankcase (1) inwardly, and the pressure in the crankcase (1) increases, and the one-way valve (4) is closed. The air in the crankcase (1) and the left and right cylinders is pressed into the left cylinder through the left cylinder intake pipe (24) and the left cylinder intake valve. Step S2, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the left cylinder are closed, and the gas entering the left cylinder is compressed to perform a compression stroke. At the same time, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the right cylinder are closed and opened to perform an exhaust stroke. The right piston (31) discharges the exhaust gas from the exhaust valve of the right cylinder. The pressure in the crankcase (1) is reduced, the one-way valve (4) is opened, and fresh air is pressed into the crankcase (1) from the one-way valve (4); Step S3, the intake valve of the right cylinder is opened and the exhaust valve is closed, and an intake stroke is performed. At the same time, the intake valve of the left cylinder is closed and the exhaust valve is closed, and a power stroke is performed. The left and right pistons (31) press the air in the crankcase (1) inwardly, and the pressure in the crankcase (1) increases, and the one-way valve (4) is closed. The air in the crankcase (1) and the left and right cylinders is pressed into the right cylinder through the right cylinder intake pipe (34) and the right cylinder intake valve. Step S4, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the right cylinder are closed, and the gas compressed into the right cylinder performs a compression stroke. At the same time, the intake valve and exhaust valve of the left cylinder are closed, and the exhaust stroke is performed. The left piston (21) discharges the exhaust gas from the exhaust valve of the left cylinder, and the pressure in the crankcase (1) is reduced, the one-way valve (4) is opened, and fresh air is pressed into the crankcase (1) from the one-way valve (4).

6. The pressurization method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intake valve and exhaust valve of each of the left and right cylinders are controlled to open by the corresponding cams (6). The convex part of the cam (6) presses the end of the valve to compress the valve return spring (5) inward to open the valve. After the convex part leaves the end of the valve, the valve retracts under the action of the valve return spring (5) to close the valve. The speed and time of the rotation of the cam (6) can meet the time of opening the valve and just meet the time node and gas volume requirement of intake or exhaust. The intake and exhaust valve control of the two cylinders is adapted to the four strokes of boost intake, compression, power and exhaust of the two cylinders.

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