Virtual power plant power transaction method and device and computer equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power systems and automation thereof, and discloses a virtual power plant power transaction method and device and computer equipment, and the method comprises the steps: formulating a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on an intelligent contract chain code of an alliance block chain technology and a game theory; constructing a virtual power plant power transaction mode based on the intelligent contract chain code of the alliance block chain technology and a game pricing strategy; and performing matching transaction and transaction compensation on the virtual power plant based on the power transaction mode of the virtual power plant. According to the invention, the alliance block chain technology and the proposed pricing strategy are combined, and a virtual power plant market transaction model is established. According to the virtual power plant market transaction mode provided by the invention, a decentralized transaction mode can be realized, the income of virtual power plant users is increased, and the security of transaction information and the transparency of the transaction process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power systems and automation technologies, and in particular to a virtual power plant power trading method, device and computer equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of global energy demand and the increasing demand for carbon emission control, the traditional centralized power generation and long-distance transmission model has gradually exposed problems such as insufficient flexibility, large transmission losses, and unbalanced loads. In recent years, distributed generation (DG) has developed rapidly, and virtual power plants (VPPs) have been widely used as a solution that integrates multiple DGs and flexibly dispatches them. VPPs aggregate multiple DGs and user loads to participate in the power market in a unified manner, thereby improving the flexibility of the power system and the efficiency of resource utilization. However, this centralized trading model has many disadvantages, such as: the trading platform needs to bear the burden of a large amount of transaction data processing and user management, resulting in high operating and maintenance costs; the security of transaction data is insufficient, and data tampering and information leakage are prone to occur. With the increasing demand for DG transactions, the market urgently needs a safe, transparent, and decentralized trading method. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a virtual power plant electricity trading method, device and computer equipment to solve the problem of low security of electricity information and data due to the inability to achieve decentralized trading.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a virtual power plant power trading method, the method comprising:

[0005] Formulate virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on smart contract chain code and game theory of alliance blockchain technology;

[0006] Construct a virtual power plant electricity trading model based on smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy based on alliance blockchain technology;

[0007] Match transactions and transaction compensation for virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant electricity trading model.

[0008] The present invention provides a virtual power plant power trading method, which formulates a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology, realizes decentralized trading, ensures the security of information data, is conducive to the formation of auxiliary decision-making for power trading, and improves the accuracy of determining transaction prices and transaction volumes. A virtual power plant power trading model is constructed based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology, and matching transactions, transaction compensation and error compensation are performed on virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant power trading model, which effectively improves the sales volume of power producers and the security of VPP (Virtual Power Plant) power trading auxiliary systems, avoids unsalable power sales, greatly reduces the buyer's power purchase cost, and improves the seller's power sales efficiency. Compared with the models based on Bitcoin and Ethereum, it is more capable of processing power transactions and solves the problem of low security of power information and data caused by the inability to achieve decentralized transactions.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the smart contract chaincode includes an identity authentication chaincode;

[0010] Before formulating the virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology, the virtual power plant power transaction also includes:

[0011] The identity authentication chain code is used to authenticate the identities of all buyers and sellers in the virtual power plant electricity transaction to confirm whether they are eligible to participate in the virtual power plant electricity transaction.

[0012] The present invention provides a virtual power plant electricity trading method, which uses an identity authentication chain code to authenticate the identities of all buyers and sellers in the virtual power plant electricity trading, confirm whether they are eligible to participate in the virtual power plant electricity trading, ensure the compliance of both parties involved in the virtual power plant electricity trading, and improve the data security of virtual power plant electricity market transactions.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the smart contract chaincode further includes a buyer chaincode and a seller chaincode;

[0014] The virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on smart contract chain code and game theory of alliance blockchain technology includes:

[0015] Based on the buyer chain code and the seller chain code, the historical load data of all users in the virtual power plant and the historical power generation of distributed power sources are obtained; users include buyers and sellers;

[0016] Predict the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction period based on the historical load data of all users and the historical power generation of distributed power sources;

[0017] Based on game theory and the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction period, the internal electricity price of the virtual power plant is determined, and the seller's profit function and the buyer's total purchase cost are calculated;

[0018] Construct a game model based on net output power, internal electricity price of virtual power plant, seller's profit function and buyer's total purchase cost;

[0019] The optimal solution of the game model is determined based on the strategic equilibrium point within the transaction cycle, and the optimal game pricing strategy for the virtual power plant is obtained.

[0020] The present invention provides a virtual power plant electricity trading method, which formulates a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology, with low purchase cost and high sales price as the goal, can effectively improve the efficiency of electricity purchase and sale, and ensure the benefits of both buyers and sellers. It also has the characteristics of decentralization and tamper-proof of electricity trading, can realize point-to-point direct transactions, eliminate the need for intermediaries, and reduce the operating costs of the VPP trading market.

[0021] In an optional implementation, predicting the net output power of the virtual power plant within the transaction period based on the historical load data of all users and the historical power generation power of the distributed power sources includes:

[0022] Predict the power load of each user within the transaction period based on the historical load data of each user, and predict the output power of each user within the transaction period based on the historical power generation of the distributed power source;

[0023] The net output power of each user during the trading cycle is calculated based on the power load of each user and the output power of each user, and the net output power of the virtual power plant during the trading cycle is determined based on the net output power of each user; the net output power of the virtual power plant during the trading cycle includes the net output power of the buyer and the net output power of the seller.

[0024] The present invention provides a virtual power plant electricity trading method, which predicts the power load of each user in a trading cycle based on the historical load data of each user, and predicts the output power of each user in the trading cycle based on the historical power generation power of distributed power sources, calculates the net output power of each user in the trading cycle based on the power load of each user and the output power of each user, and determines the net output power of the virtual power plant in the trading cycle based on the net output power of each user. On the premise of realizing the prediction of user load and output power in the trading cycle, the local consumption problem of distributed power source DG (Distributed Generation, referred to as DG) can also be effectively solved.

[0025] In an optional implementation, a virtual power plant power trading model is constructed based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology, including:

[0026] Determine the transaction price and transaction volume of the virtual power plant based on the game pricing strategy, and use the smart contract chain code of the alliance blockchain technology to match the buyer and seller of the virtual power plant electricity transaction based on the transaction price and transaction volume;

[0027] When the matching transaction is completed, the smart contract chain code using alliance blockchain technology will be used to compensate for the virtual power plant electricity transaction.

[0028] The present invention provides a virtual power plant power trading method, which combines the alliance blockchain technology with the proposed pricing strategy to establish a VPP market trading model. The VPP market trading model can realize a decentralized trading model, increase the benefits of VPP users, and ensure the security of transaction information and the transparency of the transaction process. It is more efficient in processing transactions and shortens the transaction time of the VPP trading market.

[0029] In an optional implementation, the smart contract chaincode further includes a matching transaction chaincode and a transaction compensation chaincode, and the transaction compensation chaincode includes a supply and demand compensation chaincode and an error compensation chaincode;

[0030] Matching transactions and transaction compensation for virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant power trading model, including:

[0031] Obtain the power demand information published by the buyer and the power sales information published by the seller, and use the matching transaction chain code to match the buyer and the seller based on the power demand information, power sales information, transaction price and transaction volume;

[0032] When the matching transaction is completed, the power difference between the buyer and the seller is calculated, and the supply and demand compensation chain code is used to compensate the power supply and demand of the virtual power plant based on the power difference;

[0033] Calculate the seller’s actual output power, and use the error compensation chain code to perform error compensation on the power of the virtual power plant based on the actual output power.

[0034] In an optional implementation, after the matching transaction is completed, the power difference between the buyer and the seller is calculated, and the supply and demand compensation chain code is used to compensate the power of the virtual power plant based on the power difference, including:

[0035] Calculate the power difference between the buyer's demand power and the seller's supply power based on the power demand information and the power sales information, and use the power difference as the net output power;

[0036] Based on the relationship between the net output power and the preset threshold, the supply and demand compensation chain code is used to compensate the supply and demand of the virtual power plant's electricity; when the net output power is less than the preset threshold, the transaction compensation chain code is used to obtain the insufficient electricity of the virtual power plant from the power grid, and the required costs are borne by the buyer; when the net output power is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the transaction compensation chain code is used to sell the seller's electricity to other virtual power plants at a compromise transaction price in the game pricing strategy, and the remaining electricity after selling to other virtual power plants is sold to the power grid.

[0037] In an optional implementation, the actual output power of the seller is calculated, and based on the actual output power, the error compensation chain code is used to perform error compensation on the power of the virtual power plant, including:

[0038] Based on the relationship between the seller's actual output power and the preset agreed power between the buyer and the seller, the error compensation chain code is used to compensate for the error of the virtual power plant's electricity. When the actual output power is less than the preset agreed power, the virtual power plant obtains the insufficient electricity from the power grid, and the required cost is borne by the buyer.

[0039] The present invention provides a virtual power plant electricity trading method, which matches the transaction chain code to provide an unalterable transaction record, enhances the transparency and traceability of transactions between buyers and sellers, and reduces the costs caused by trust issues; the supply and demand compensation chain code and the error compensation chain code automatically execute the transaction terms, reducing the risk of manual intervention and related operating expenses.

[0040] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a virtual power plant power trading device, the device comprising:

[0041] The pricing strategy formulation module is used to formulate virtual power plant game pricing strategies based on smart contract chain code and game theory of alliance blockchain technology;

[0042] The power trading model construction module is used to build a virtual power plant power trading model based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology;

[0043] The power trading module is used to match transactions and trade compensation for virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant power trading model.

[0044] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the virtual power plant electricity trading method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof by executing the computer instructions.

[0045] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, the computer instructions being used to enable a computer to execute the virtual power plant electricity trading method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0046] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the virtual power plant electricity trading method of the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a virtual power plant power trading method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 is a flow chart of another virtual power plant power trading method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 is a flow chart of another virtual power plant power trading method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 is a flow chart of another virtual power plant power trading method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of a virtual power plant power trading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] The decentralized trading model can effectively reduce the management and operation costs of the power trading market, and has been applied to the VPP (VPP Power Plant) trading market. However, as the power trading model develops towards a decentralized model, there are some hidden dangers in information security. User information and transaction data are easily tampered with, and information security cannot be effectively guaranteed. Promoting the VPP decentralized trading model, reducing the operating costs of the VPP trading market, and ensuring the security of VPP trading information are new directions for VPP trading market research. Therefore, new technologies are needed to support it.

[0056] Blockchain is a decentralized solution that does not require any third-party organization. In addition, the nodes in the alliance blockchain are anonymous, which makes other nodes safer when confirming transactions. Alliance blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization and tamper-proof, which can realize direct point-to-point transactions, eliminate the need for intermediaries, and reduce the operating costs of the VPP trading market; blockchain provides tamper-proof transaction records, enhances the transparency and traceability of transactions, and reduces the costs caused by trust issues; smart contracts automatically execute transaction terms, reducing the risk of manual intervention and related operating expenses. The consensus algorithm can naturally guarantee the security of VPP market transactions and make the VPP market transaction process more transparent. Among them, alliance blockchain technology is a blockchain technology that requires permission to join the network, and only authorized participants can participate in the transactions and consensus process of the blockchain. In addition to being supported by advanced technologies, the development of the power trading system also requires the development of a flexible and reliable market trading mechanism. In order to make VPP operate effectively in the market, it is urgently necessary to combine game theory. The embodiment of the present invention provides a virtual power plant market trading method that takes into account the interests of both buyers and sellers to improve transaction flexibility and the benefits of participants. The application of this method in the study of the VPP trading market has important theoretical and practical significance.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a virtual power plant electricity trading method is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0058] In this embodiment, a virtual power plant power trading method is provided, which can be used in a computer terminal or a mobile terminal, such as a central processing unit, a server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc., and an auxiliary decision-making platform for a power trading market is deployed on the computer terminal or the mobile terminal. Figure 1 is a flow chart of a virtual power plant power trading method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0059] Step S101, formulating a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of alliance blockchain technology.

[0060] Specifically, consortium blockchain technology is a blockchain network jointly maintained by multiple organizations. Unlike the full openness of public chains, the participants of consortium chains are predetermined and have a specific access mechanism. Each participating organization or institution manages one or more nodes, and data is only allowed to be read, written and sent by different institutions within the system. Smart contracts are automatically executed when specific conditions are met. Smart contracts disseminate, verify or execute contracts in an information-based manner, have the characteristics of self-service, and can conduct trusted transactions without a third party. These transactions are traceable and irreversible.

[0061] The smart contract of this embodiment is deployed in the power trading market decision-making support platform in the form of chain code, and four chain code stages are deployed, including user authentication stage, supply and demand information release stage, transaction matching stage and transaction compensation stage. Game theory is a mathematical theory and method for studying phenomena with a fighting or competitive nature. Based on game theory, a pricing strategy for the virtual power plant power market is formulated, with low purchase cost and high sales price as the goal. The proposed game pricing strategy can effectively improve the efficiency of power purchase and sale and ensure the benefits of both buyers and sellers.

[0062] Step S102, constructing a virtual power plant electricity trading model based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology.

[0063] Specifically, the power trading model of virtual power plants includes spot trading and medium- and long-term trading. Spot trading refers to power trading from the next day, intraday to real-time dispatch, which is carried out through the spot trading platform in a shorter period of time, while medium- and long-term trading refers to wholesale power trading for many years, years, seasons, months, weeks, and days through market-based methods such as negotiation between buyers and sellers and centralized trading. Combining alliance blockchain technology with game pricing strategies, a VPP market trading model has been established, which can realize a decentralized trading model, increase the benefits of VPP users, and ensure the security of transaction information and the transparency of the transaction process.

[0064] Step S103, matching transactions and transaction compensation for the virtual power plant based on the virtual power plant power transaction model.

[0065] Specifically, matching transactions refer to pairing transactions between buyers and sellers in virtual power plant electricity transactions, and matching transactions between buyers and sellers are achieved based on the demand information released by the buyer and the sales information released by the seller.

[0066] When the matching transaction is completed, the smart contract chain code based on the alliance blockchain technology will compensate the buyers and sellers for the electricity in the virtual power plant electricity transaction.

[0067] The virtual power plant power trading method provided in this embodiment formulates a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology, realizes decentralized trading, ensures the security of information data, is conducive to the formation of auxiliary decision-making for power trading, and improves the accuracy of determining transaction prices and transaction volumes. A virtual power plant power trading model is constructed based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology. Matching transactions, transaction compensation and error compensation are carried out for virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant power trading model, which effectively improves the sales volume of power producers and the security of the VPP (VPP Power Plant, virtual power plant) power trading auxiliary system, avoids unsalable power sales, greatly reduces the buyer's power purchase cost, and improves the seller's power sales efficiency. Compared with the models based on Bitcoin and Ethereum, it is more capable of processing power transactions and solves the problem of low security of power information and data due to the inability to achieve decentralized transactions.

[0068] In this embodiment, a virtual power plant power trading method is provided, which can be used in a computer terminal or a mobile terminal, such as a central processing unit, a server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc. Figure 2 is a flow chart of a virtual power plant power trading method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0069] Step S201, the smart contract chain code includes an identity authentication chain code; the identity authentication chain code is used to authenticate the identities of all buyers and all sellers in the virtual power plant power transaction to confirm whether they are eligible to participate in the virtual power plant power transaction.

[0070] Specifically, both parties of the virtual power plant electricity transaction adopt an invitation system. In order to confirm whether the invited buyers and sellers are eligible to participate in VPP market transactions, the user's qualifications and identities are strictly examined. The contract input is the basic information submitted by the user (buyer and seller) when applying to enter the VPP market transaction. The basic information that needs to be reviewed by the buyer includes the type of electricity purchaser, the real name and ID number (ID) of the legal person or representative of the electricity purchaser, credit record, and purpose of electricity purchase. The basic information that needs to be reviewed by the seller includes the type of dangerous goods, the real name and ID number of the legal person or representative of the user, installed capacity, and credit record. The contract output is identity authentication information in a specific format.

[0071] Step S202: Formulate a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology. Figure 1 Step S101 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0072] Specifically, the smart contract chain code also includes a buyer chain code and a seller chain code; the above step S202 includes:

[0073] Step S2021, based on the buyer chain code and the seller chain code, obtain the historical load data of all users in the virtual power plant and the historical power generation of distributed power sources; users include buyers and sellers. Specifically, the buyer chain code and the seller chain code are used to collect the buyer's power demand information and the seller's information, and then distribute them all to the network.

[0074] The input of the buyer chaincode is the buyer's expected delivery time, account address, and buyer's user ID. The input information is collected and integrated into user demand information in a specific format by the chaincode. The chaincode collects the above input information and then calls the buyer's private key to sign the integrated information. The chaincode output is the power demand information with the user's signature. The chaincode allows the buyer to modify or withdraw the published information within a short period of time after publication.

[0075] The input of the seller chaincode is the total amount of electricity required by the buyer, the amount of electricity sold by the seller, the electricity price, the seller's account address, and the user ID for a certain period of time. The chaincode integrates the above input information and calls the seller's private key to sign the integrated information. The output is the electricity sales information with the user's signature.

[0076] In VPP transactions, the order of user strategies does not affect the transaction results, and the information is not fully available.

[0077] Therefore, game theory is chosen to formulate pricing strategies. The definition of game theory is as follows:

[0078] A i (θ i ),i=1,2…,n′,A i (θ i ) represents the type-dependent strategy space, θ i ,i=1,2,…n′ represents the strategy, pr i =pr i (θ -i |θ i ),i=1,2,…,n″,pr i represents conditional probability.

[0079] There are n users participating in a static game G:

[0080] G={A1,…A n ;θ1,…,θ n ; pr1,…,pr n ;u1,…,u n} (1);

[0081] Among them, u irepresents the self-utility function.

[0082] Strategy combination in game theory It has the characteristics of type dependence, that is, in the self-utility function u i In the case of maximization, each player i depends on another player type-dependent strategy The strategy θ i That is, the strategy combination is a game equilibrium. For any i, a i ∈A1(θ i ),have:

[0083]

[0084] Step S2022: predicting the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction period based on the historical load data of all users and the historical power generation power of distributed power sources.

[0085] In some optional implementations, the above step S2022 includes:

[0086] Step a1: predict the power load of each user within the transaction period based on the historical load data of each user, and predict the output power of each user within the transaction period based on the historical power generation of the distributed power source.

[0087] Based on the historical load data of users in VPP and the power generation of DG, the user load and power generation output power of each trading cycle in the next trading operation period can be predicted. The power load of user i during trading cycle t is as follows:

[0088]

[0089] Where n is the number of users in the VPP. Assume that a transaction cycle is 24 hours and the transaction interval is 1 hour. Based on the configuration parameters of the DG and external conditions, the output power of each DG in the VPP can be predicted. The prediction results can be described as follows:

[0090]

[0091] Step a2, calculate the net output power of each user during the transaction cycle based on the power load of each user and the output power of each user, and determine the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction cycle based on the net output power of each user; the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction cycle includes the buyer's net output power and the seller's net output power.

[0092] Specifically, the net output power of user i during transaction period t is expressed as:

[0093]

[0094] Therefore, the net output power of user i during the transaction period is expressed as:

[0095]

[0096] The net output power of VPP is expressed as:

[0097]

[0098] Where N is the set of all users in VPP, N b is the set of electricity buyers (i.e. buyers), and N s It is the collection of electricity sales users (i.e. sellers).

[0099] The virtual power plant power trading method provided in this embodiment predicts the power load of each user in the trading cycle based on the historical load data of each user, and predicts the output power of each user in the trading cycle based on the historical power generation power of the distributed power source, calculates the net output power of each user in the trading cycle based on the power load of each user and the output power of each user, and determines the net output power of the virtual power plant in the trading cycle based on the net output power of each user. On the premise of realizing the prediction of user load and output power in the trading cycle, it can also effectively solve the local absorption problem of distributed power source DG (Distributed Generation, referred to as DG)

[0100] Step S2023, based on game theory and the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction cycle, the internal electricity price of the virtual power plant is determined, and the seller's profit function and the buyer's total purchase cost are calculated.

[0101] Specifically, this embodiment defines the operation mode of the VPP as a hybrid virtual power plant, and the VPP in the power trading auxiliary decision-making platform changes its role according to its own needs. net <0, the buyers and sellers of VPP bargain to determine the optimal electricity price and transaction volume. At the same time, the seller adjusts its power load e L,i , in order to obtain more benefits, the insufficient electricity is supplemented by the power grid. During the transaction, VPP can be divided into two categories: sellers and buyers. N is the set of all users in VPP, N b is the set of electricity buyers, and N s is the set of electricity sellers. Nop,i ≥0, the user is the buyer, denoted by j, j∈N b . When e Nop,i <0, the user is the seller, denoted by i, i∈N sThe trading principle between multiple VPPs is to give priority to meeting the needs of users within the VPP and realize local consumption of electricity. In the case of insufficient electricity within the VPP, it is preferred to purchase electricity from other VPPs. If it is still insufficient, it will purchase electricity from the power grid. If there is surplus electricity in the VPP, the excess electricity can be sold through the power trading auxiliary decision-making platform. Therefore, the electricity price of the VPP will fluctuate with the operation of the VPP and the supply and demand of electricity in each period.

[0102] The VPP internal price should meet the following conditions:

[0103] p s <p t <p b , t=1,2,…,24 (8);

[0104] Among them, p t is the internal electricity price of VPP in period t, p s is the price of “surplus electricity to the grid”, p b is the price of electricity sold by the power grid. In order to facilitate the description of the strategy model, the subsequent analysis defaults to the transaction period t.

[0105] The seller will adjust his electricity consumption behavior to obtain higher profits. Therefore, the seller's profit function is introduced, which is expressed as follows:

[0106] u′ i =λ i ln(1+e L,i )+p(e DG,i -e L,i ),i∈N s (9);

[0107] Among them, u′ i is the profit of seller i in period t, λ i is the adjustment coefficient of the seller’s consumption behavior, and p is the electricity price in the VPP.

[0108] For buyers, the purchase cost is expected to be the lowest. The purchase cost of buyers comes from purchasing electricity from transactions between VPPs and from the grid. Therefore, the purchase cost of buyers is expressed as follows:

[0109] C j =q j p+(e L,j -e DG,j -q j ) b ,j∈N b (10);

[0110] Among them, q j is the amount of electricity purchased by buyer j from other VPPs in period t, and 0≤qj ≤e L,j -e DG,j .

[0111] Step S2024, constructing a game model based on the net output power, the internal electricity price of the virtual power plant, the seller's profit function and the buyer's total purchase cost.

[0112] Specifically, in summary, the buyers and sellers in VPP constitute a multi-participant game model. The game model is expressed as follows:

[0113]

[0114] Among them, the seller N adjusts the electricity consumption plan according to the electricity price. i is the electricity strategy set e of seller i L,i , P is the strategy set of VPP internal electricity price, C T is the total cost of electricity purchased by the buyer in the VPP, which is described as follows:

[0115]

[0116] Buyer j's purchase quantity q j as follows:

[0117]

[0118] Step S2025, determining the optimal solution of the game model based on the strategic equilibrium point within the transaction cycle, and obtaining the optimal game pricing strategy for the virtual power plant.

[0119] Buyers expect the lowest electricity purchase cost, while sellers expect to get the most from electricity sales. Therefore, the equilibrium of game model G is the optimal solution to the problem. By finding the optimal solution, the optimal price can be obtained, and then electricity users adjust their electricity consumption strategies according to the price.

[0120] Therefore, the strategy equilibrium (e * ,p * ) is the equilibrium point of the game model G if and only if e and p satisfy the following conditions:

[0121]

[0122] in, When e net ≥0, that is, the power generation capacity of the VPP is in surplus, then the compromise transaction price Sell ​​electricity to other VPPs, and the remaining electricity is sold at p s sold to the grid at a price of

[0123] Step S203: construct a virtual power plant power trading model based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology. Figure 1 Step S102 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0124] Step S204: Matching transactions and transaction compensation for virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant power transaction model. Figure 1 Step S103 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0125] The virtual power plant electricity trading method provided in this embodiment formulates a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology, with low purchase cost and high sales price as the goal, which can effectively improve the efficiency of electricity purchase and sale and ensure the benefits of both buyers and sellers. It also has the characteristics of decentralization and tamper-proof of electricity trading, can realize point-to-point direct transactions, eliminate the need for intermediaries, and reduce the operating costs of the VPP trading market.

[0126] In this embodiment, a virtual power plant power trading method is provided, which can be used in a computer terminal or a mobile terminal, such as a central processing unit, a server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc. Figure 3 is a flow chart of a virtual power plant power trading method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0127] Step S301: formulate a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology. Figure 2 Step S202 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0128] Step S302, constructing a virtual power plant electricity trading model based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology.

[0129] Specifically, the above step S302 includes:

[0130] Step S3021, determine the transaction price and transaction volume of the virtual power plant based on the game pricing strategy, and use the smart contract chain code of the alliance blockchain technology to match the virtual power plant electricity transaction between buyers and sellers based on the transaction price and transaction volume.

[0131] Step S3022, when the matching transaction is completed, the smart contract chain code of the alliance blockchain technology is used to perform transaction compensation for the virtual power plant electricity transaction.

[0132] The virtual power plant power trading method provided in this embodiment combines the alliance blockchain technology with the proposed pricing strategy to establish a VPP market trading model. The VPP market trading model can realize a decentralized trading model, increase the benefits of VPP users, and ensure the security of transaction information and the transparency of the transaction process. It is more efficient in processing transactions and shortens the transaction time of the VPP trading market.

[0133] Step S303: matching transactions and transaction compensation for the virtual power plant based on the virtual power plant electricity trading model.

[0134] Specifically, the smart contract chaincode also includes a matching transaction chaincode and a transaction compensation chaincode. The transaction compensation chaincode includes a supply and demand compensation chaincode and an error compensation chaincode.

[0135] Supply and demand compensation chain code: The input of the supply and demand compensation chain code is electricity demand and supply, transaction price and grid price. The chain code calculates the supply and demand difference based on the submitted electricity purchase and sale information to decide whether to buy or sell electricity from the grid.

[0136] Error compensation chaincode: The input of the error compensation chaincode is the agreed transaction volume, actual transaction volume, transaction price, and grid price. If the seller fails to provide the agreed transaction volume due to a forecast error, the chaincode calculates the difference, then purchases electricity from the grid and delivers it to the buyer. The cost is borne by the seller. Finally, all the information in the transaction path is encrypted with its private key to generate a random number, which is then submitted to the smart contract ledger for recording.

[0137] The above step S303 includes:

[0138] Step S3031, obtain the power demand information published by the buyer and the power sales information published by the seller, and match the buyer and the seller using the matching transaction chain code based on the power demand information, power sales information, transaction price and transaction volume.

[0139] Specifically, the matching transaction chain code: The input is the power demand information published by the buyer and the power sales information published by the seller. The matching transaction chain code matches the power unit with the power unit according to the transaction strategy, completes the transaction authentication, and then forms a specific transaction path for each pair of matched buyers and sellers, and generates a transaction record. Then, all the information in the transaction path is encrypted with its private key to generate a random number, which is then submitted to the smart contract ledger for recording.

[0140] Taking into account the sales needs of power producers, a matching mechanism that gives priority to VPP power producers and is guaranteed by the power grid is implemented, which effectively improves the sales volume of power producers and the security of the VPP power trading auxiliary system, and avoids sluggish sales of electricity.

[0141] Step S3032: When the matching transaction is completed, the power difference between the buyer and the seller is calculated, and the supply and demand compensation chain code is used to compensate the power supply of the virtual power plant based on the power difference.

[0142] In some optional implementations, the above step S3032 includes:

[0143] Step b1, calculating the power difference between the buyer's demand power and the seller's supply power based on the power demand information and the power sales information, and taking the power difference as the net output power.

[0144] Step b2, based on the relationship between the net output power and the preset threshold, the supply and demand compensation chain code is used to compensate the supply and demand of the electricity of the virtual power plant; when the net output power is less than the preset threshold, the transaction compensation chain code is used to obtain the insufficient electricity of the virtual power plant from the power grid, and the required costs are borne by the buyer; when the net output power is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the transaction compensation chain code is used to sell the seller's electricity to other virtual power plants at a compromise transaction price in the game pricing strategy, and the remaining electricity after selling to other virtual power plants is sold to the power grid.

[0145] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the preset threshold of this embodiment is equal to 0. When the net output power is less than 0, the transaction compensation chain code is used to obtain the insufficient electricity of the virtual power plant from the power grid, and the required cost is borne by the buyer.

[0146] When the net output power is greater than or equal to 0, the transaction compensation chain code is used to sell the seller's electricity to other virtual power plants at a compromise transaction price in the game pricing strategy, and the remaining electricity after selling to other virtual power plants is sold to the power grid.

[0147] Step S3033, calculate the actual output power of the seller, and use the error compensation chain code to perform error compensation on the electricity of the virtual power plant based on the actual output power.

[0148] In an optional implementation, step S3033 includes:

[0149] Step c, based on the relationship between the seller's actual output power and the preset agreed power between the buyer and the seller, the error compensation chain code is used to compensate for the error of the power output of the virtual power plant. When the actual output power is less than the preset agreed power, the insufficient power of the virtual power plant is obtained from the power grid, and the required cost is borne by the buyer.

[0150] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown in Figure 1, the preset agreed power refers to the power agreed upon by the buyer and the seller when signing the power trading contract. When the actual output power is greater than the preset agreed power, the seller will sell the excess power to other VPPs or the power grid.

[0151] The virtual power plant electricity trading method provided in this embodiment combines the alliance blockchain technology with the proposed pricing strategy to establish a VPP market trading model. The VPP market trading model can realize a decentralized trading model, increase the benefits of VPP users, and ensure the security of transaction information and the transparency of the transaction process. It is more efficient in processing transactions and shortens the transaction time of the VPP trading market. The matching transaction chaincode provides an unalterable transaction record, enhances the transparency and traceability of transactions between buyers and sellers, and reduces the costs caused by trust issues; the supply and demand compensation chaincode and the error compensation chaincode automatically execute the transaction terms, reducing the risk of manual intervention and related operating expenses.

[0152] As one or more specific application embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 The virtual power plant power trading method provided by the present invention is further described in detail as follows:

[0153] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, an electricity trading scenario consisting of multiple VPPs, power grids, and alliance blockchains is established. Each VPP consists of multiple power production organizations and power consumption organizations. After different VPPs engage in price games with each other, the transaction contract block in the power trading market auxiliary decision-making platform is reported through smart contracts, and then it is operated in the smart contract power trading auxiliary decision-making environment, and the transaction settlement is automatically performed through the contract. After that, the net output power difference is calculated, and the surplus and shortage are supplemented by transactions through the power grid, and finally the transaction results are stored on the chain. The specific process is as follows:

[0154] 1. The power trading decision-making platform identifies the identities of various market entities and determines whether the applicants are eligible to participate in market transactions.

[0155] 2. The power grid publishes marginal information and saves it on the chain, and VPP obtains marginal information from the blockchain.

[0156] 3. According to the VPP game pricing strategy based on game theory from formula (3) to formula (15), the transaction price and transaction volume of each VPP are determined by deploying smart contracts, and the transaction settlement is automatically completed through smart contracts.

[0157] 4. After matching the transaction, start calculating the difference between supply and demand. When the net output power of VPP is e net <0, then the insufficient power in the VPP will be supplemented by the grid, and the required cost will be borne by the buyer; when the net output power of the VPP is e net ≥0, the seller sells electricity to the buyer at a compromise price, and then sells the remaining electricity to the grid. The compromise price is expressed as:

[0158] 5. Make error compensation by calculating the difference between the seller’s actual output power and the agreed power between the buyer and the seller. The shortfall will be supplemented by the power grid, and the required costs will be borne by the buyer. The power grid then settles the transaction.

[0159] 6. Record the results in the transaction contract block for preservation and recording.

[0160] The virtual power plant power trading method provided in this embodiment, in one trading cycle, the pricing strategy proposed by the present invention can reduce the purchase cost of electricity users by about 5% compared with the traditional method. For sellers, the revenue from electricity sales using this pricing strategy is twice that of using "selling surplus electricity to the power grid". Electricity trading in the VPP market can effectively solve the problem of DG local consumption. Buyers first purchase electricity in different VPPs. When the output power of DG in the VPP is insufficient, buyers purchase the power shortage from the power grid. This method can reduce the power interaction between VPP and the power grid, thereby reducing the impact of VPP on the power grid. The transaction processing capability of blockchain technology is mainly reflected in two aspects: throughput and latency. The transaction model based on alliance blockchain technology proposed in the present invention is superior to Bitcoin and Ethereum in terms of throughput and latency evaluation. That is, compared with Bitcoin and Ethereum, the VPP market transaction model using alliance blockchain technology greatly improves the speed and ability to process transactions.

[0161] In this embodiment, a virtual power plant power trading device is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementation modes, and will not be repeated here. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware for a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.

[0162] This embodiment provides a virtual power plant power trading device, such as Figure 5 As shown, including:

[0163] The pricing strategy formulation module 501 is used to formulate a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology.

[0164] The power transaction model construction module 502 is used to construct a virtual power plant power transaction model based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology.

[0165] The power trading module 503 is used to match transactions and trade compensation for virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant power trading model.

[0166] In some optional implementations, the smart contract chain code includes an identity authentication chain code; and the virtual power plant power trading device further includes:

[0167] The identity authentication module is used to use the identity authentication chain code to authenticate all buyers and sellers in the virtual power plant power transaction to confirm whether they are eligible to participate in the virtual power plant power transaction.

[0168] In some optional implementations, the smart contract chaincode also includes a buyer chaincode and a seller chaincode; the pricing strategy formulation module 501 includes:

[0169] The historical data acquisition unit is used to obtain the historical load data of all users in the virtual power plant and the historical power generation power of distributed power sources based on the buyer chain code and the seller chain code; users include buyers and sellers.

[0170] The net output power prediction unit is used to predict the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction cycle based on the historical load data of all users and the historical power generation power of distributed power sources.

[0171] The profit function and total cost calculation unit is used to determine the internal electricity price of the virtual power plant based on game theory and the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction cycle, and calculate the seller's profit function and the buyer's total purchase cost.

[0172] The game model building unit is used to build a game model based on the net output power, the internal electricity price of the virtual power plant, the seller's profit function and the buyer's total purchase cost.

[0173] The game pricing strategy determination unit is used to determine the optimal solution of the game model based on the strategy equilibrium point within the transaction cycle, and obtain the optimal game pricing strategy for the virtual power plant.

[0174] In some optional implementations, the net output power prediction unit includes:

[0175] The power load and power prediction subunit is used to predict the power load of each user within the transaction cycle based on the historical load data of each user, and to predict the output power of each user within the transaction cycle based on the historical power generation of the distributed power source.

[0176] The virtual power plant net output power determination subunit is used to calculate the net output power of each user within the trading cycle based on the power load of each user and the output power of each user, and determine the net output power of the virtual power plant within the trading cycle based on the net output power of each user; the net output power of the virtual power plant within the trading cycle includes the buyer's net output power and the seller's net output power.

[0177] In some optional implementations, the power transaction mode building module 502 includes:

[0178] The matching transaction mode unit is used to determine the transaction price and transaction volume of the virtual power plant based on the game pricing strategy, and to match the buyer and seller of the virtual power plant electricity transaction based on the transaction price and transaction volume using the smart contract chain code of the alliance blockchain technology.

[0179] The transaction compensation mode unit is used to perform transaction compensation for virtual power plant power transactions using the smart contract chain code of the alliance blockchain technology after the matching transaction is completed.

[0180] In some optional implementations, the smart contract chain code further includes a matching transaction chain code and a transaction compensation chain code, the transaction compensation chain code includes a supply and demand compensation chain code and an error compensation chain code, and the power transaction module 503 includes:

[0181] The virtual power plant matching transaction unit is used to obtain the power demand information released by the buyer and the power sales information released by the seller, and match the buyer and seller based on the power demand information, power sales information, transaction price and transaction volume using the matching transaction chain code.

[0182] The virtual power plant supply and demand compensation unit is used to calculate the power difference between the buyer and the seller after the matching transaction is completed, and to use the supply and demand compensation chain code to compensate the power supply and demand of the virtual power plant based on the power difference.

[0183] The virtual power plant error compensation unit is used to calculate the seller's actual output power and use the error compensation chain code to perform error compensation on the power of the virtual power plant based on the actual output power.

[0184] In some optional embodiments, the virtual power plant supply and demand compensation unit includes:

[0185] The net output power calculation subunit is used to calculate the power difference between the buyer's demand power and the seller's supply power based on the power demand information and the power sales information, and use the power difference as the net output power.

[0186] The supply and demand compensation subunit is used to use the supply and demand compensation chain code to compensate the supply and demand of the electricity of the virtual power plant based on the relationship between the net output power and the preset threshold. When the net output power is less than the preset threshold, the transaction compensation chain code is used to obtain the insufficient electricity of the virtual power plant from the power grid, and the required costs are borne by the buyer. When the net output power is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the transaction compensation chain code is used to sell the seller's electricity to other virtual power plants at a compromise transaction price in the game pricing strategy, and the remaining electricity after selling to other virtual power plants is sold to the power grid.

[0187] In some optional implementations, the virtual power plant error compensation unit includes:

[0188] The error compensation subunit uses the error compensation chain code to compensate for the electricity of the virtual power plant based on the relationship between the seller's actual output power and the preset agreed power between the buyer and the seller. When the actual output power is less than the preset agreed power, the virtual power plant obtains the insufficient electricity from the power grid, and the required cost is borne by the buyer.

[0189] The further functional description of each of the above modules and units is the same as that of the above corresponding embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0190] The virtual power plant electricity trading device in this embodiment is presented in the form of a functional unit, where the unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that executes one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0191] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer device having the above Figure 5 The virtual power plant electricity trading device shown.

[0192] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided by an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the computer device includes: one or more processors 10, a memory 20, and interfaces for connecting various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. Various components are connected to each other using different buses for communication, and can be installed on a common mainboard or installed in other ways as needed. The processor can process the instructions executed in the computer device, including instructions stored in or on the memory to display the graphical information of the GUI on an external input / output device (such as, a display device coupled to the interface). In some optional embodiments, if necessary, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used together with multiple memories and multiple memories. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, and each device provides some necessary operations (for example, as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system). Figure 6 A processor 10 is taken as an example.

[0193] The processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be a dedicated integrated circuit, a programmable logic device or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general purpose array logic or any combination thereof.

[0194] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10, so that the at least one processor 10 executes the method shown in the above embodiment.

[0195] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the computer device, etc. In addition, the memory 20 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some optional embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0196] The memory 20 may include a volatile memory, such as a random access memory; the memory may also include a non-volatile memory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0197] The computer device also includes an input device 30 and an output device 40. The processor 10, the memory 20, the input device 30 and the output device 40 may be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 6 The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0198] The input device 30 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to the user settings and function control of the computer device, such as a touch screen, a keypad, a mouse, a track pad, a touch pad, an indicator bar, one or more mouse buttons, a trackball, a joystick, etc. The output device 40 may include a display device, an auxiliary lighting device (e.g., an LED) and a tactile feedback device (e.g., a vibration motor), etc. The above-mentioned display device includes but is not limited to a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode, a display and a plasma display. In some optional embodiments, the display device can be a touch screen.

[0199] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or can be implemented as a computer code that can be recorded in a storage medium, or can be implemented as a computer code that is originally stored in a remote storage medium or a non-temporary machine-readable storage medium and will be stored in a local storage medium through a network download, so that the method described herein can be stored in such software processing on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. Among them, the storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, a random access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid-state hard disk, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include a combination of the above types of memories. It can be understood that a computer, a processor, a microprocessor controller, or programmable hardware includes a storage component that can store or receive software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by a computer, a processor, or hardware, the method shown in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0200] A part of the present invention may be applied as a computer program product, such as a computer program instruction, which, when executed by a computer, can call or provide the method and / or technical solution according to the present invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art should understand that the existence of the computer program instruction in a computer-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, a source file, an executable file, an installation package file, etc., and accordingly, the way in which the computer program instruction is executed by the computer includes, but is not limited to: the computer directly executes the instruction, or the computer compiles the instruction and then executes the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reads and executes the instruction, or the computer reads and installs the instruction and then executes the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium may be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to the computer.

[0201] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A virtual power plant electricity trading method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Formulate virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on smart contract chain code and game theory of alliance blockchain technology; Constructing a virtual power plant power trading model based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology; Based on the virtual power plant electricity trading model, matching transactions and transaction compensation are carried out for the virtual power plant.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The smart contract chaincode includes an identity authentication chaincode; Before formulating a virtual power plant game pricing strategy based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology, the method further includes: The identity authentication chain code is used to authenticate the identities of all buyers and sellers in the virtual power plant electricity transaction to confirm whether they are eligible to participate in the virtual power plant electricity transaction.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The smart contract chaincode also includes a buyer chaincode and a seller chaincode; The virtual power plant game pricing strategy formulated based on the smart contract chain code and game theory of the alliance blockchain technology includes: Based on the buyer chain code and the seller chain code, the historical load data of all users in the virtual power plant and the historical power generation of distributed power sources are obtained; the users include buyers and sellers; Predict the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction period based on the historical load data of all users and the historical power generation of distributed power sources; Based on game theory and the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction period, the internal electricity price of the virtual power plant is determined, and the seller's profit function and the buyer's total purchase cost are calculated; Constructing a game model based on the net output power, the internal electricity price of the virtual power plant, the seller's profit function and the buyer's total purchase cost; The optimal solution of the game model is determined based on the strategic equilibrium point within the transaction cycle, and the optimal game pricing strategy for the virtual power plant is obtained.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The net output power of the virtual power plant in the transaction cycle is predicted based on the historical load data of all users and the historical power generation power of the distributed power sources, including: Predict the power load of each user within the transaction period based on the historical load data of each user, and predict the output power of each user within the transaction period based on the historical power generation of the distributed power source; The net output power of each user during the transaction cycle is calculated based on the power load of each user and the output power of each user, and the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction cycle is determined based on the net output power of each user; the net output power of the virtual power plant during the transaction cycle includes the buyer's net output power and the seller's net output power.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that A virtual power plant power trading model is constructed based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology, including: Determine the transaction price and transaction volume of the virtual power plant based on the game pricing strategy, and use the smart contract chain code of the alliance blockchain technology to match the buyer and seller of the virtual power plant electricity transaction based on the transaction price and transaction volume; When the matching transaction is completed, the smart contract chain code of the alliance blockchain technology is used to perform transaction compensation for the virtual power plant electricity transaction.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The smart contract chaincode also includes a matching transaction chaincode and a transaction compensation chaincode, and the transaction compensation chaincode includes a supply and demand compensation chaincode and an error compensation chaincode; Matching transactions and transaction compensation for virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant power transaction model include: Obtaining power demand information published by the buyer and power sales information published by the seller, and matching transactions between the buyer and the seller using the matching transaction chain code based on the power demand information, power sales information, transaction price and transaction volume; When the matching transaction is completed, the power difference between the buyer and the seller is calculated, and the supply and demand compensation chain code is used to compensate the power supply and demand of the virtual power plant based on the power difference; The actual output power of the seller is calculated, and based on the actual output power, an error compensation chain code is used to perform error compensation on the electricity of the virtual power plant.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that When the matching transaction is completed, the power difference between the buyer and the seller is calculated, and the supply and demand compensation chain code is used to compensate the power of the virtual power plant based on the power difference, including: Calculating the power difference between the buyer's demand power and the seller's supply power based on the power demand information and the power sales information, and using the power difference as the net output power; Based on the relationship between the net output power and the preset threshold, the supply and demand compensation chain code is used to compensate the supply and demand of the power of the virtual power plant; When the net output power is less than the preset threshold, the transaction compensation chain code is used to obtain the insufficient electricity of the virtual power plant from the power grid, and the required costs are borne by the buyer; When the net output power is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the transaction compensation chain code is used to sell the seller's electricity to other virtual power plants at a compromise transaction price in the game pricing strategy, and the remaining electricity after selling to other virtual power plants is sold to the power grid.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The calculating the actual output power of the seller, and using the error compensation chain code to perform error compensation on the power of the virtual power plant based on the actual output power, includes: Based on the relationship between the seller's actual output power and the preset agreed power between the buyer and the seller, the error compensation chain code is used to compensate for the error of the virtual power plant's electricity. When the actual output power is less than the preset agreed power, the virtual power plant obtains the insufficient electricity from the power grid, and the required cost is borne by the buyer.

9. A virtual power plant power trading device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The pricing strategy formulation module is used to formulate virtual power plant game pricing strategies based on smart contract chain code and game theory of alliance blockchain technology; A power transaction model construction module, used to construct a virtual power plant power transaction model based on the smart contract chain code and game pricing strategy of the alliance blockchain technology; The power trading module is used to match transactions and trade compensation for virtual power plants based on the virtual power plant power trading model.

10. A computer device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, computer instructions are stored in the memory, and the processor executes the virtual power plant electricity trading method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 by executing the computer instructions.

Images