Cultivation method of selenium-rich tomatoes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable planting, and aims to provide a selenium-rich tomato cultivation method. The selenium-rich tomato cultivation method comprises the following steps of seed selection and cultivation, field soil digging, film mulching cultivation, water, fertilizer and pesticide management, pruning and rod insertion and stage picking. According to the method, during tomato cultivation, scientific management of water, fertilizer and pesticide is carried out on tomato plants, fertilization is carried out to promote tomato growth, a nutrient solution is sprayed, and an insect repellent is pre-sprayed, so that the effect that the cultivated tomatoes are rich in selenium element and full in fruit is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable planting, and in particular to a method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes. Background Art

[0002] Selenium can improve human immunity, promote the proliferation of lymphocytes and the synthesis of antibodies and immunoglobulins. Selenium has a significant inhibitory and protective effect on many cancers, and its intermediate metabolite methyl enol in the body has strong anti-cancer activity. Selenium has a synergistic antioxidant effect with nutrients such as vitamin E, allicin, linoleic acid, germanium, and zinc, increasing antioxidant activity. After the selenium content in selenium-rich tomatoes is appropriately increased, the content of amino acids, vitamins, soluble sugars and most trace elements in them also increases accordingly. The taste is fragrant and sweet, beautiful and delicious, and relatively durable in storage.

[0003] Most tomatoes cultivated by existing technology are ordinary tomatoes. In order to increase the selenium content in tomatoes, selenium-containing solution is sprayed on the roots of tomato plants before the tomatoes mature to increase the selenium content of tomato fruits. However, this method of increasing the selenium content of tomatoes is uncertain. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes.

[0005] A method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes, specifically comprising the following steps: S1: Seed selection and cultivation Select Dutch cherry tomatoes as seedlings, sow and raise seedlings in early September, prepare 128-hole trays, and soak the 128-hole trays with 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 8-15 minutes, then place the tomato seedlings in the 128-hole trays, prepare 80-120 kg of sieved bed soil, add fertilizer at a ratio of 1:2-4, bury the tomato seedlings in the bed soil with a thickness of 8-10 cm, and cultivate for 20-30 days; S2: Digging soil and mulching for cultivation Dig out the field soil and save it, dig the field furrows into high ridges, cover with black film and cultivate for 30-45 days, then remove the black film; S3: Water, fertilizer and medicine management Fertilize tomato plants to promote their growth, spray leafy vegetables with selenium-rich plant nutrient solution to make tomato fruits rich in selenium, and spray insecticides on tomato plants to prevent and control pests; S4: Pruning and cutting When the tomato plant grows up to 25-35cm, prune it and remove the side branches, leaving only the main stem of the tomato plant and the first side branch under the first inflorescence. Insert a 1.5-2m vertical bamboo pole 1-2cm near the root of each plant, and put a bamboo fence 60-90cm high between two horizontally arranged bamboo poles. Leave 5-6 fruits per ear in the early stage of fruiting. S5: Harvesting in stages When the tomato plant's clusters of fruits enter the green ripe stage, the fruits turn yellow and the skin turns white, they can be picked from bottom to top. The picking is divided into four stages, picking the tomato fruits and stalks together, with an interval of 10-15 days between each picking.

[0006] Furthermore, the step S2 of digging field soil and mulching for cultivation specifically includes the following steps: Dig the field soil and save it, dig the field ditches into high ridges with a depth of 28-30cm, a width of 32-33cm and a ridge height of 35-40cm, and transplant and cultivate in the deep ditches and high ridges. In the early stage of transplantation, cover with black film or straw for the first 30-45 days, then remove the black film, maintain the soil moisture at 60%-75%, the air humidity in the greenhouse at 45%-50%, and the soil pH at 6-7 for cultivation.

[0007] Furthermore, the water, fertilizer and pesticide management in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S3.1: When the first ear of fruit on the plant is 2-3 cm long, add agricultural fertilizer with a concentration of 40-50%, a total weight of agricultural fertilizer of 15-20 kg, and 400-500 kg of natural nitrogen fertilizer, and stop topdressing 10-15 days before picking; S3.2: Spray the surface of the tomato plants with selenium-rich leafy vegetable nutrient solution at the initial flowering stage. The ratio of nutrient solution to water is 1:50,000-55,000. Spray once every 15-20 days for a total of 2-3 times. S3.3: Spray the plants with insect repellent at the seedling stage, with the ratio of insect repellent to water being 1:6000-6500. Spray 0.2-0.3kg of insect repellent on each plant, once every 7-10 days.

[0008] Furthermore, in the step S2 of digging up the field soil, during the film covering culture, the field soil dug up and preserved, in the step S4 of pruning and inserting the poles, after people insert the bamboo poles next to the tomato plants, the dug field soil is poured on the bamboo poles and the field, and the field soil is made to cover the bamboo poles and the tomato plants by 3-7 cm at the same time, so as to fix the tomato plants and the bamboo poles.

[0009] Furthermore, the agricultural fertilizer is potassium sulfate compound fertilizer.

[0010] Furthermore, the leafy vegetable selenium-rich plant nutrient solution is Anhui Selenium Worry-Free Selenium-rich Plant Nutrient Solution.

[0011] Furthermore, the anthelmintic agent is a 75% concentration of thiophanate-methyl wettable powder.

[0012] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. The present invention achieves the effect that the cultivated tomatoes are rich in selenium and the fruits are plump by scientifically managing the water, fertilizer and medicine of tomato plants during tomato cultivation, fertilizing to promote tomato growth, spraying nutrient solution, and pre-spraying insect repellent.

[0013] 2. The present invention achieves the effect of fixing tomato plants and bamboo poles by digging out field soil during the cultivation process and backfilling the field soil during pruning and thinning, so that the tomato plants can grow upright with a larger light-receiving area, further making the final tomato fruits fuller and larger with higher quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes adopted in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a table showing the selenium content of various parts of tomatoes in the embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1 A method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include: S1: Seed selection and cultivation Select Dutch cherry tomatoes as seedlings, sow and raise seedlings in early September, prepare 128-hole trays, and soak the 128-hole trays with 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 10 minutes, then place the tomato seedlings in the 128-hole trays, prepare 100 kg of finely sieved bed soil, and add fertilizer in a ratio of 1:3, bury the tomato seedlings in the bed soil with a thickness of 8 cm, and cultivate for 30 days.

[0018] S2: Digging soil and mulching for cultivation Dig the field soil and save it, dig the field ditch into high ridges with a depth of 28cm, a width of 32cm and a ridge height of 35cm, and transplant and cultivate in the deep ditch high ridges. In the early stage of transplantation, since tomatoes like light and warmth and are afraid of damp and cold, they are covered with black film or straw for the first 30-45 days, and then the black film is removed. Maintain the soil moisture at 60%, the air humidity in the greenhouse at 45%, and the soil pH at 6 for cultivation.

[0019] S3: Water, fertilizer and medicine management S3.1: When the first ear of fruit on the plant is 2 cm long, add 15 kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 400 kg of natural nitrogen fertilizer. Stop topdressing 15 days before picking. S3.2: Spray the surface of the plants with Anhui Selenium-free selenium-rich plant nutrient solution at the initial flowering stage of tomatoes. The ratio of nutrient solution to water is 1:50,000. Spray once every 15 days for a total of 3 times. Test the selenium content in the soil and tomato leaves. Figure 2 As shown; S3.3: During the seedling stage, spray the plants with 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder in a ratio of 1:6000. Spray 0.2 kg of the powder on each plant, evenly spray the back and front of the leaves, once every 10 days to provide an insect repellent effect.

[0020] S4: Pruning and cutting When the tomatoes grow up to 25 cm, they are pruned and the side branches are removed, leaving only the main stem of the tomato plant and the first side branch under the first inflorescence. A 1.5-meter vertical bamboo pole is inserted 1.5 cm near the root of each plant, and a bamboo fence with a height of 80 cm is placed between two transversely arranged bamboo poles. In the early stage of fruiting, 6 fruits are retained per ear to ensure that the fruit sizes are uniform. In addition, in the step S2 of digging field soil and mulching culture, the field soil dug and preserved is poured on the bamboo pole and the field ground in the step S4 of pruning and inserting poles, after people insert the bamboo poles next to the tomato plants, so that the field soil is covered by 5 cm of the bamboo poles and the tomato plants at the same time, so as to fix the tomato plants and the bamboo poles.

[0021] S5: Harvesting in stages When the tomato plants enter the green ripe stage, the fruits turn yellow and the skin turns white, they can be picked from the bottom to the top, and the selenium content of the picked tomato fruits is tested. Figure 2 As shown, to ensure that the selenium content of tomatoes reaches the national standard for selenium-rich levels, that is, higher than 0.05 mg / kg, the tomatoes are picked in four stages, and the tomato fruits and stalks are picked together. Each picking is separated by 10 days and packaged according to different specifications to improve the planting efficiency of tomatoes.

[0022] Example 2 A method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes, such as Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include: S1: Seed selection and cultivation Select Dutch cherry tomatoes as seedlings, sow and raise seedlings in early September, prepare 128-hole trays, and soak the 128-hole trays with 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 12 minutes, then place the tomato seedlings in the 128-hole trays, prepare 80 kg of finely sieved bed soil, and add fertilizer in a ratio of 1:2.5, bury the tomato seedlings in the bed soil with a thickness of 8 cm, and cultivate for 45 days.

[0023] S2: Digging soil and mulching for cultivation Dig the field soil and save it, dig the field ditch into high ridges with a depth of 30cm, a width of 32cm and a ridge height of 35cm, and transplant and cultivate in the deep ditch high ridges. In the early stage of transplantation, since tomatoes like light and warmth but are afraid of damp and cold, cover them with black film or straw for the first 45 days, then remove the black film, maintain the soil moisture at 60%, the air humidity in the greenhouse at 45%, and the soil pH at 7 for cultivation.

[0024] S3: Water, fertilizer and medicine management S3.1: When the first ear of fruit on the plant is 3 cm long, add 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, the total weight of which is 18 kg, and 420 kg of natural nitrogen fertilizer. Stop topdressing 15 days before harvesting. S3.2: Spray the surface of the plants with Anhui Selenium-free selenium-rich plant nutrient solution at the initial flowering stage of tomatoes. The ratio of nutrient solution to water is 1:52000. Spray once every 20 days for a total of 2 times. Test the selenium content in the soil and tomato leaves. Figure 2 As shown; S3.3: During the seedling stage, spray the plants with 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder in a ratio of 1:6500. Spray 0.3 kg of the powder on each plant, evenly spray the back and front of the leaves, once every 8 days to provide an insect repellent effect.

[0025] S4: Pruning and cutting When the tomatoes grow up to 35 cm, they are pruned and the side branches are removed, leaving only the main stem of the tomato plant and the first side branch under the first inflorescence. A 2-meter vertical bamboo pole is inserted 1 cm near the root of each plant, and a bamboo fence with a height of 80 cm is placed between two transversely arranged bamboo poles. In the early stage of fruiting, 5 fruits are retained in each ear to ensure that the fruit sizes are uniform. In addition, in the step S2 of digging field soil and mulching culture, the field soil dug and preserved, in the step S4 of pruning and inserting poles, after people insert the bamboo poles next to the tomato plants, the dug field soil is poured on the bamboo poles and the field, and the field soil is made to cover the bamboo poles and the tomato plants by 5 cm at the same time, so as to fix the tomato plants and the bamboo poles.

[0026] S5: Harvesting in stages When the tomato plants enter the green ripe stage, the fruits turn yellow and the skin turns white, they can be picked from the bottom to the top, and the selenium content of the picked tomato fruits is tested. Figure 2 As shown, to ensure that the selenium content of tomatoes reaches the national standard for selenium-rich levels, that is, higher than 0.05 mg / kg, the tomatoes are picked in four stages, and the tomato fruits and stalks are picked together. Each picking is separated by 10 days and packaged according to different specifications to improve the planting efficiency of tomatoes.

[0027] Example 3 A method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes, such as Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps include: S1: Seed selection and cultivation Select Dutch cherry tomatoes as seedlings, sow and raise seedlings in early September, prepare 128-hole trays, and soak the 128-hole trays with 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 10 minutes, then place the tomato seedlings in the 128-hole trays, prepare 100 kg of finely sieved bed soil, and add fertilizer in a ratio of 1:3.5, bury the tomato seedlings in the bed soil with a thickness of 9 cm, and cultivate for 25 days.

[0028] S2: Digging soil and mulching for cultivation Dig the field soil and save it, dig the field ditch into high ridges with a depth of 29cm, a width of 32cm and a ridge height of 35cm, and transplant and cultivate in the deep ditch high ridges. In the early stage of transplantation, since tomatoes like light and warmth but are afraid of damp and cold, they are covered with black film or straw for the first 36 days, and then the black film is removed. Maintain the soil moisture at 60%, the air humidity in the greenhouse at 45%, and the soil pH at 7 for cultivation.

[0029] S3: Water, fertilizer and medicine management S3.1: When the first ear of fruit on the plant is 2.5 cm long, add 15 kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 400 kg of natural nitrogen fertilizer. Stop topdressing 15 days before picking. S3.2: Spray the surface of the plants with Anhui Selenium-free selenium-rich plant nutrient solution at the initial flowering stage of tomatoes. The ratio of nutrient solution to water is 1:55000. Spray once every 18 days for a total of 3 times. Test the selenium content in the soil and tomato leaves. Figure 2 As shown; S3.3: During the seedling stage, spray the plants with 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder in a ratio of 1:6000. Spray 0.3 kg of the powder on each plant, evenly spray the back and front of the leaves, once every 7 days to provide an insect repellent effect.

[0030] S4: Pruning and cutting When the tomatoes grow up to 35 cm, they are pruned and the side branches are removed, leaving only the main stem of the tomato plant and the first side branch under the first inflorescence. A 1.8-meter vertical bamboo pole is inserted 1 cm near the root of each plant, and a bamboo fence with a height of 80 cm is placed between two transversely arranged bamboo poles. In the early stage of fruiting, 6 fruits are retained in each ear to ensure that the fruit sizes are uniform. In addition, in the step S2 of digging field soil and mulching culture, the field soil dug and preserved, in the step S4 of pruning and inserting poles, after people insert the bamboo poles next to the tomato plants, the dug field soil is poured on the bamboo poles and the field, and the field soil is made to cover the bamboo poles and the tomato plants by 5 cm at the same time, so as to fix the tomato plants and the bamboo poles.

[0031] S5: Harvesting in stages When the tomato plants enter the green ripe stage, the fruits turn yellow and the skin turns white, they can be picked from the bottom to the top, and the selenium content of the picked tomato fruits is tested. Figure 2 As shown, to ensure that the selenium content of tomatoes reaches the national standard for selenium-rich levels, that is, higher than 0.05 mg / kg, the tomatoes are picked in four stages, and the tomato fruits and stalks are picked together. Each picking is separated by 15 days and packaged according to different specifications to improve the planting efficiency of tomatoes.

[0032] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1: Seed selection and cultivation Select Dutch cherry tomatoes as seedlings, sow and raise seedlings in early September, prepare 128-hole trays, and soak the 128-hole trays with 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 8-15 minutes, then place the tomato seedlings in the 128-hole trays, prepare 80-120 kg of sieved bed soil, add fertilizer at a ratio of 1:2-4, bury the tomato seedlings in the bed soil with a thickness of 8-10 cm, and cultivate for 20-30 days; S2: Digging soil and mulching for cultivation Dig out the field soil and save it, dig the field furrows into high ridges, cover with black film and cultivate for 30-45 days, then remove the black film; S3: Water, fertilizer and medicine management Fertilize tomato plants to promote their growth, spray leafy vegetables with selenium-rich plant nutrient solution to make tomato fruits rich in selenium, and spray insecticides on tomato plants to prevent and control pests; S4: Pruning and cutting When the tomato plant grows up to 25-35cm, prune it and remove the side branches, leaving only the main stem of the tomato plant and the first side branch under the first inflorescence. Insert a 1.5-2m vertical bamboo pole 1-2cm near the root of each plant, and put a bamboo fence 60-90cm high between two horizontally arranged bamboo poles. Leave 5-6 fruits per ear in the early stage of fruiting. S5: Harvesting in stages When the tomato plant's clusters of fruits enter the green ripe stage, the fruits turn yellow and the skin turns white, they can be picked from bottom to top. The picking is divided into four stages, picking the tomato fruits and stalks together, with an interval of 10-15 days between each picking.

2. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 of digging field soil and mulching for cultivation specifically includes the following steps: Dig the field soil and save it, dig the field ditches into high ridges with a depth of 28-30cm, a width of 32-33cm and a ridge height of 35-40cm, and transplant and cultivate in the deep ditches and high ridges. In the early stage of transplantation, cover with black film or straw for the first 30-45 days, then remove the black film, maintain the soil moisture at 60%-75%, the air humidity in the greenhouse at 45%-50%, and the soil pH at 6-7 for cultivation.

3. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3 of water, fertilizer and medicine management specifically includes the following steps: S3.1: When the first ear of fruit on the plant is 2-3 cm long, add agricultural fertilizer with a concentration of 40-50%, a total weight of agricultural fertilizer of 15-20 kg, and 400-500 kg of natural nitrogen fertilizer, and stop topdressing 10-15 days before picking; S3.2: Spray the surface of the tomato plants with selenium-rich leafy vegetable nutrient solution at the initial flowering stage. The ratio of nutrient solution to water is 1:50,000-55,000. Spray once every 15-20 days for a total of 2-3 times. S3.3: Spray the plants with insect repellent at the seedling stage, with the ratio of insect repellent to water being 1:6000-6500. Spray 0.2-0.3kg of insect repellent on each plant, once every 7-10 days.

4. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S2, the field soil is dug and preserved during the film covering culture. In the step S4, after people insert the bamboo poles next to the tomato plants, the dug field soil is poured on the bamboo poles and the field, and the field soil is made to cover the bamboo poles and the tomato plants by 3-7 cm at the same time, so as to fix the tomato plants and the bamboo poles.

5. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The agricultural fertilizer is potassium sulfate compound fertilizer.

6. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The leafy vegetable selenium-rich plant nutrient solution is Anhui Selenium Worry-Free Selenium-rich Plant Nutrient Solution.

7. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched tomatoes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anthelmintic agent is a 75% concentration of thiophanate-methyl wettable powder.

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