Comprehensive ricefield eel and nasturtium officinale planting and breeding method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and aquatic vegetable planting, and discloses a monopterus albus and nasturtium officinale comprehensive planting and breeding method and system.The monopterus albus and nasturtium officinale in-situ symbiotic system is constructed, efficient utilization of water resources is achieved, water quality is improved, the survival rate of monopterus albus and the yield of nasturtium officinale are increased, and economic benefits are remarkably improved. And a sustainable ecological breeding mode is formed. According to the method, the labor cost input is low, the overwintering survival rate of the ricefield eels reaches 90% or above, the monthly yield per mu of the nasturtium officinale in the growth season can reach 3800 kg or above, and good economic benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical fields of aquaculture technology and aquatic vegetable planting, and in particular relates to a method and system for integrated planting and breeding of rice field eels and watercress. Background Art

[0002] The eel is a famous freshwater aquaculture species in my country, and is also one of the aquaculture species with both medicinal and edible properties, with high economic value. Its main breeding methods are still pond cage breeding and rice field breeding, but in recent years, with the country's vigorous promotion of facility fishery technology, the recirculating water aquaculture of the eel has begun to show development prospects.

[0003] At present, Ye Jianyong et al. (patent application number: 202010380345) invented a single-layer factory-scale circulating water aquaculture method for yellow eels, and Zhou Wenzong et al. (South African invention patent authorization number: 2024 / 02807) invented a three-dimensional multi-layer factory-scale circulating water aquaculture method for yellow eels, and on this basis, invented the eel-vegetable symbiosis technology (patent authorization number: ZL 202111486431.X). Among them, Zhou Wenzong et al. screened vegetable varieties suitable for yellow eel circulating water aquaculture conditions that are conducive to the prevention and control of yellow eel diseases and pests, such as purslane, houttuynia cordata, thyme, etc., and aquatic vegetables are achieved through ectopic planting wall technology. The construction of aquatic vegetable ectopic planting modules greatly increases the investment cost of the entire circulating water aquaculture system, and the planting area of ​​aquatic vegetables is limited by the area of ​​the planting wall, and the vegetable benefits are low. In addition, yellow eel circulating water aquaculture belongs to a high-density intensive aquaculture system, and the problem of accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in circulating water has not been effectively solved.

[0004] Therefore, developing an efficient and environmentally friendly in situ integrated breeding method for rice field eels and watercress is of great significance for improving water utilization, reducing environmental pollution and improving economic benefits.

[0005] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0006] The construction of the aquatic vegetable ectopic planting module greatly increases the investment cost of the entire recirculating aquaculture system, and the aquatic vegetable planting area is limited by the planting wall area, and the vegetable benefits are low. In addition, the recirculating aquaculture of rice field eels belongs to a high-density intensive aquaculture system, and the problem of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient accumulation in the circulating water has not been effectively solved. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for integrated breeding of rice field eel and watercress.

[0008] The present invention is achieved by a method for comprehensive cultivation of rice field eel and watercress, comprising:

[0009] Step S1, constructing a comprehensive breeding system integrating water circulation, eel breeding, and watercress planting in a greenhouse;

[0010] Step S2, rice field eel breeding and daily management;

[0011] Step S3, watercress planting and harvesting;

[0012] Step S4, regulating the quality of circulating water.

[0013] Furthermore, the hardware facilities of the comprehensive breeding system include breeding ponds, water circulation treatment systems, and eel nests.

[0014] Further, the eel breeding and daily management:

[0015] From April to September, yellow eel fingerlings are released, with 5 to 10 kg of healthy yellow eel fingerlings weighing 15 to 25 grams released per square meter of the breeding pond; after the fingerlings are released, the eels are acclimated to feed on animal baits such as earthworms for 15 to 30 days, and gradually transition to feeding with commercial compound feeds according to their feeding habits; when the water temperature is above 25°C, feed once a day; when the water temperature is 15 to 25°C, feed once every 2 to 3 days; when the water temperature is below 15°C, stop feeding, and increase or decrease the amount of bait fed according to the eels' feeding habits; inspect the yellow eel breeding situation daily, clean up dead eels in time, and check the operation of facilities such as circulating water pumps and air pumps.

[0016] Further, the watercress is planted and harvested:

[0017] Transplant the cultivated watercress seedlings as a whole or select stem segments with 2-3 nodes (about 10-15 cm in length) into the grooves on the surface of the eel nest for in situ cultivation; the growing season of watercress is from November each year to April of the following year; when the water temperature is 18-25℃, harvest every 7 days; when the water temperature is 10-18℃, harvest every 10-15 days; the average yield of a single harvest can reach 1.9 kg per square meter.

[0018] Furthermore, the circulating water quality control:

[0019] The circulating water treatment system runs for at least 8 hours a day, and regularly monitors physical and chemical indicators such as water pH and dissolved oxygen. The operating time of the circulating water system is adjusted according to the aquaculture water quality; the complex Bacillus preparation is sprayed once a week.

[0020] Further, the step S1 specifically includes:

[0021] Step S11, the types of breeding ponds include cement ponds, canvas ponds and polypropylene (PP) ponds customized from commercially available common materials; the height of the breeding pond does not exceed 40 cm, and the water level is 25 to 30 cm;

[0022] Step S12, the water circulation treatment system includes a water pump and a filtering device; the water circulation path is: the water pump pumps the water in the breeding pond to the filtering device, and after filtering, the water flows back to the breeding pond;

[0023] Step S13, the eel nest is formed by stacking S-shaped plastic plates with grooves.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress, comprising:

[0025] The breeding module is used to build a comprehensive breeding system integrating water circulation, eel breeding, and watercress planting in the greenhouse;

[0026] Management module, used for eel breeding and daily management;

[0027] Harvest module for watercress planting and harvesting;

[0028] Control module, used for circulating water quality control.

[0029] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method for integrated breeding of rice field eels and watercress.

[0030] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to execute the steps of the method for integrated breeding of rice field eels and watercress.

[0031] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used to implement the system for integrated breeding of rice field eels and watercress.

[0032] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ integrated breeding method for eels and watercress. In the eel recirculating water breeding system, watercress is planted in situ, and the nutrients in the breeding water are fully utilized without adding additional fertilizers or hydroponic vegetable facilities. The rapid rooting and attachment characteristics and low-temperature resistance of watercress are fully utilized, the eel nest space is effectively utilized, and the circulating water quality is purified. The survival rate of eels over the winter is more than 90%, and the monthly per mu yield of watercress can reach more than 3,800 kilograms, which has good economic benefits.

[0034] The expected profit per mu of eel recirculating water farming is 200,000 yuan. By introducing watercress planting on the basis of eel recirculating water farming model, the monthly income per mu is expected to increase by 10,000 yuan during the growth period of watercress, with significant economic benefits.

[0035] The integrated breeding method of rice field eel and watercress fills the gap of fish-vegetable symbiosis in the winter breeding process of rice field eel.

[0036] The existing eel farming model mainly adopts static water farming or flowing water farming, which has problems such as eutrophication of water bodies, wastewater discharge pollution, limited farming density, and large fluctuations in water quality, which leads to an unstable growth environment for eels and affects the survival rate. At the same time, the hydroponics of watercress in the traditional planting model relies on external nutrient supply, and additional fertilization is required during the planting process, which increases production costs and the risk of eutrophication of water bodies. Therefore, how to build a water circulation system that combines ecological symbiotic aquaculture and vegetable planting to reduce water resource waste and improve resource utilization has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0037] The present invention proposes a method for integrated cultivation of eels and watercress based on a water circulation system, which realizes the resource utilization of eel feces and residual bait through the biological purification effect of aquatic vegetables on the aquaculture water body. The system adopts efficient water circulation management, dynamically regulates water quality through physical filtration, microbial degradation, plant absorption and other processes, and maintains the stability of the eel aquaculture environment.

[0038] Compared with the traditional rice field eel farming model, the integrated breeding system of the present invention realizes the closed recycling of the breeding water, effectively reducing the problems of water pollution, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation, and the breeding of pathogenic microorganisms. Through the biological symbiosis mechanism, watercress efficiently absorbs excess nutrients such as nitrate nitrogen and phosphate in the water, significantly improving the stability of water quality, while promoting the healthy growth of rice field eels and reducing the risk of diseases caused by water quality deterioration.

[0039] The present invention is applicable to the fields of ecological agriculture, factory farming, aquatic-vegetable composite breeding systems, and has significant application value in facility agriculture, intensive aquaculture, and efficient water resource utilization. Through the efficient water purification mode, the frequency of water replacement is reduced, environmental pollution is reduced, and the sustainability of aquaculture is improved. At the same time, this model can be applied to freshwater breeding bases, ecological farms, urban agriculture and other scenarios, providing modern agriculture with efficient, environmentally friendly, and economically feasible new ecological breeding solutions, and promoting aquaculture to develop in the direction of greening, recycling, and intelligence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of a method for integrated breeding of rice field eel and watercress.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the method for constructing an integrated breeding and farming system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 The present invention provides a system structure diagram of the integrated cultivation of rice field eels and watercress provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1, building a comprehensive breeding system integrating water circulation, eel breeding and watercress planting in the greenhouse;

[0046] S2, eel farming and daily management;

[0047] S3, watercress planting and harvesting;

[0048] S4, circulating water quality control.

[0049] The method provided by the present invention relies on a water circulation system to construct a yellow eel breeding pond and a watercress planting area in a greenhouse to form a symbiotic environment for aquatic animals and plants. The system is composed of a water circulation device, a filtering device, an oxygenation system, etc. to ensure stable water quality. A sedimentation area is provided at the bottom of the breeding pond to collect yellow eel feces and leftover bait. At the same time, a shallow water tank structure is adopted in the planting area to allow the roots of watercress to directly contact the breeding water body, forming ecological complementarity.

[0050] Eel farming adopts high-density and refined management, feeding high-protein feed, controlling the amount of bait put in, and reducing the accumulation of organic pollutants. The breeding pond is equipped with a water flow control system to simulate the habitat of eels and promote healthy growth. During the breeding process, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen and other indicators are regularly monitored, and microbial agents are used to decompose organic waste to improve the self-purification capacity of the water body.

[0051] After sedimentation, microbial degradation, and plant absorption, the aquaculture water enters the physical filtration system to remove suspended particles and degrade harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrates through the biological filter. The purified water flows back to the aquaculture pond to achieve a closed water cycle, reduce dependence on external water sources, and reduce pollution emissions.

[0052] The hardware facilities of the comprehensive breeding system provided by the embodiment of the present invention include breeding ponds, water circulation treatment systems, and eel nests.

[0053] The eel breeding and daily management provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0054] From April to September, 5 to 10 kg of healthy eel fingerlings weighing 15 to 25 grams are released per square meter of the breeding pond;

[0055] After the fish are released, the eels are acclimated to feed on animal baits such as earthworms for 15 to 30 days, and then gradually transitioned to commercial compound feeds according to their feeding habits;

[0056] When the water temperature is above 25℃, feed once a day; when the water temperature is between 15 and 25℃, feed once every 2 to 3 days; when the water temperature is below 15℃, stop feeding, and the amount of bait fed should be increased or decreased according to the eel's feeding situation; inspect the eel breeding situation daily, clean up dead eels in time, and check the operation of facilities such as circulating water pumps and air pumps.

[0057] Planting and harvesting of watercress provided by the embodiment of the present invention:

[0058] Transplant the cultivated watercress seedlings as a whole or select stem segments with 2-3 nodes (about 10-15 cm in length) into the grooves on the surface of the eel nest for in situ cultivation; the growing season of watercress is from November each year to April of the following year; when the water temperature is 18-25℃, harvest every 7 days; when the water temperature is 10-18℃, harvest every 10-15 days; the average yield of a single harvest can reach 1.9 kg per square meter.

[0059] The circulating water quality control provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0060] The circulating water treatment system runs for at least 8 hours a day, and regularly monitors physical and chemical indicators such as water pH and dissolved oxygen. The operating time of the circulating water system is adjusted according to the aquaculture water quality; the complex Bacillus preparation is sprayed once a week.

[0061] The comprehensive breeding system of the present invention is based on the principle of water circulation, and constructs an ecological complementary system integrating eel breeding, watercress planting, and water circulation treatment. Among them, the breeding pond provides a growth environment for the eel, the watercress is planted in the grooves on the surface of the eel nest, and the water circulation treatment system optimizes the water quality through physical filtration and biodegradation. The metabolic products and food residues of the eel can be partially absorbed and utilized by the roots of the watercress, reducing the accumulation of nutrient-rich substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body. At the same time, the water circulation system can effectively control the water quality, reduce wastewater discharge, and improve the utilization rate of water resources.

[0062] The key to eel farming lies in precise feeding and environmental monitoring. The time for releasing eels is set from April to September, when the water temperature is suitable and conducive to rapid growth. After release, use animal baits (such as earthworms) to domesticate the eels for 15 to 30 days to adapt them to artificial feeding, and then gradually switch to commercial compound feed to reduce bait costs and improve growth efficiency. The feeding frequency is adjusted with changes in water temperature to ensure that the eels can eat enough, while avoiding food waste and water quality deterioration. Daily inspections of the health of eels, removal of dead eels, and inspection of the operation of circulating water pumps and air pumps ensure a stable breeding environment.

[0063] Watercress is planted using in-situ cultivation technology, that is, the whole plant or stem segments with 2 to 3 nodes (10 to 15 cm) are directly transplanted into the grooves on the surface of the eel nest. Because watercress has a well-developed root system, it can fully absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, thereby reducing the pollution of aquaculture wastewater and creating a more suitable water environment for eels. The frequency of harvesting watercress is determined by the water temperature: at 18 to 25°C, it is harvested every 7 days, and at 10 to 18°C, it is harvested every 10 to 15 days, ensuring that its growth cycle is compatible with eel farming and providing continuous economic benefits. The average yield of a single harvest can reach 1.9 kg / ㎡, forming a sustainable compound income model.

[0064] In order to maintain the long-term stable operation of the system, the water circulation system runs for at least 8 hours a day to ensure the dissolved oxygen, pH value and biological homeostasis of the water body. The pH value and dissolved oxygen content of the water body are monitored regularly, and the operation time of the circulating water system is adjusted according to the data. In addition, a compound Bacillus preparation is added weekly to use microorganisms to decompose organic waste in the water body, reduce the ammonia nitrogen content, and further improve the water quality. This system reduces the frequency of water changes and improves the utilization rate of water resources through the self-purification mechanism of the water body and precise regulation, while reducing environmental pollution, and realizing a green and efficient aquaculture and breeding combined model.

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, step S1 provided in the embodiment of the present invention specifically includes:

[0066] Step S11, the types of breeding ponds include cement ponds, canvas ponds and polypropylene (PP) ponds customized from commercially available common materials (such as cement, canvas, polypropylene (PP), etc.); the height of the breeding pond does not exceed 40 cm, and the water level is 25 to 30 cm;

[0067] Step S12, the water circulation treatment system includes a water pump and a filtering device (commercially available); the water circulation path is: the water pump pumps the water in the breeding pond to the filtering device, and after filtering, the water flows back to the breeding pond;

[0068] Step S13, the eel nest is formed by stacking S-shaped plastic plates with grooves;

[0069] For the specific structural structure, please refer to the invention patent authorized by the research and development team of this invention, "A method for eel and vegetable symbiosis based on recirculating aquaculture" (patent authorization number: ZL 202111486431.X).

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, a system for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0071] The breeding module is used to build a comprehensive breeding system integrating water circulation, eel breeding, and watercress planting in the greenhouse;

[0072] Management module, used for eel breeding and daily management;

[0073] Harvest module for watercress planting and harvesting;

[0074] Control module, used for circulating water quality control.

[0075] The embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ integrated breeding method for rice field eel and watercress, comprising the following steps:

[0076] Step S1, constructing a comprehensive breeding system integrating water circulation, eel breeding, and watercress planting in the greenhouse. The hardware facilities of the system include breeding ponds, water circulation treatment systems, and eel nests;

[0077] Step S2, eel breeding and daily management. Release eel fingerlings from April to September, and release 5 to 10 kg of healthy eel fingerlings weighing 15 to 25 grams per square meter of breeding pond. After the fingerlings are released, use earthworms and other animal baits to acclimate the eels for 15 to 30 days, and gradually transition to commercial compound feed according to their feeding habits. When the water temperature is above 25°C, feed once a day; when the water temperature is 15 to 25°C, feed once every 2 to 3 days; when the water temperature is below 15°C, stop feeding, and increase or decrease the amount of bait according to the eel's feeding habits. Inspect the eel breeding situation daily, clean up dead eels in time, and check the operation of circulating water pumps, air pumps and other facilities;

[0078] Step S3, planting and harvesting watercress. Transplant the cultivated watercress seedlings or selected stem segments with 2-3 nodes (about 10-15 cm in length) into the grooves on the surface of the eel nest for in-situ cultivation. The growing season of watercress is from November to April of the following year. When the water temperature is 18-25°C, harvest once every 7 days; when the water temperature is 10-18°C, harvest once every 10-15 days; the average yield of a single harvest can reach 1.9 kg per square meter.

[0079] Step S4, circulating water quality control. The circulating water treatment system runs for at least 8 hours a day, and the water pH, dissolved oxygen and other physical and chemical indicators are regularly monitored. The running time of the circulating water system is adjusted according to the aquaculture water quality. The composite Bacillus preparation is sprayed once a week.

[0080] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes:

[0081] Step S11, the types of breeding ponds include cement ponds, canvas ponds and polypropylene (PP) ponds customized from commercially available common materials (such as cement, canvas, polypropylene (PP), etc.); the height of the breeding pond does not exceed 40 cm, and the water level is 25 to 30 cm;

[0082] Step S12, the water circulation treatment system includes a water pump and a filtering device (commercially available). The water circulation path is: the water pump pumps the water in the breeding pond to the filtering device, and after filtering, the water flows back to the breeding pond;

[0083] Step S13, the eel nest is composed of stacked S-shaped plastic plates with grooves. Each group of eel nests is 100 cm long, 50 cm wide, and 20-30 cm high. There is a hole with a diameter of 15-30 cm in the middle of the eel nest, which is a place for feeding the eels. Every two eel nests are fixed at both ends with iron wire penetrating the plastic plate.

[0084] The present invention is applied in the field of circulating water aquaculture of yellow field eels. Through the in-situ cultivation of vegetables suitable for the water depth, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the water body are effectively absorbed, the processing burden of the circulating water system is reduced, the aquaculture water quality is comprehensively regulated, and high-quality commercial eels and watercress are produced. The large-scale production of watercress promotes the deep processing development of hydroponic vegetables. The watercress can be processed through sterilization, freeze-drying and other processes, which prolongs the shelf life of fresh watercress, promotes the extension of the industrial chain, and increases the economic benefits of yellow field eel aquaculture.

[0085] The weekly monitoring records of watercress growth and yield per unit area (1 square meter) are shown in Table 1:

[0086] Table 1 Weekly monitoring record of watercress growth and yield per unit area (1 square meter)

[0087] Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Watercress 1.8 kg 1.9 kg 1.7 kg 1.5 kg

[0088] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, constructing a comprehensive breeding system integrating water circulation, eel breeding, and watercress planting in a greenhouse; Step S2, rice field eel breeding and daily management; Step S3, watercress planting and harvesting; Step S4, regulating the quality of circulating water.

2. The method for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hardware facilities of the comprehensive breeding system include breeding ponds, water circulation treatment systems, and eel nests.

3. The method for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The eel breeding and daily management: From April to September, 5 to 10 kg of healthy eel fingerlings weighing 15 to 25 grams are released per square meter of the breeding pond; after the fingerlings are released, the eels are tamed to eat animal baits such as earthworms for 15 to 30 days, and then gradually transitioned to commercial compound feeds according to their feeding habits; when the water temperature is above 25°C, feed once a day; when the water temperature is 15 to 25°C, feed once every 2 to 3 days; When the water temperature is below 15℃, stop feeding and increase or decrease the amount of bait according to the eels' feeding conditions. Inspect the eel breeding situation daily, clean up dead eels in time, and check the operation of circulating water pumps, air pumps and other facilities.

4. The method for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The Watercress Planting and Harvesting: Transplant the cultivated watercress seedlings as a whole or select stem segments with 2-3 nodes (about 10-15 cm in length) into the grooves on the surface of the eel nest for in situ cultivation; the growing season of watercress is from November each year to April of the following year; when the water temperature is 18-25℃, harvest every 7 days; when the water temperature is 10-18℃, harvest every 10-15 days; the average yield of a single harvest can reach 1.9 kg per square meter.

5. The method for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating water quality control: The circulating water treatment system runs for at least 8 hours a day, and regularly monitors physical and chemical indicators such as water pH and dissolved oxygen. The operating time of the circulating water system is adjusted according to the aquaculture water quality; the complex Bacillus preparation is sprayed once a week.

6. The method for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 specifically includes: Step S11, the types of breeding ponds include cement ponds, canvas ponds and polypropylene (PP) ponds customized from commercially available common materials; the height of the breeding pond does not exceed 40 cm, and the water level is 25 to 30 cm; Step S12, the water circulation treatment system includes a water pump and a filtering device; the water circulation path is: the water pump pumps the water in the breeding pond to the filtering device, and after filtering, the water flows back to the breeding pond; Step S13, the eel nest is formed by stacking S-shaped plastic plates with grooves.

7. A system for integrated cultivation of rice field eels and watercress for implementing the method for integrated cultivation of rice field eels and watercress as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The system for integrated cultivation of rice field eel and watercress comprises: The breeding module is used to construct a water circulation system in the greenhouse. The system includes an eel breeding unit, a watercress planting unit, a hydraulic control device, and a filtration system, so that the breeding water circulates in the system to achieve a symbiotic model of aquatic animals and aquatic plants; The water quality control module includes a water quality sensor, a physical filtration unit, a biodegradation unit, and an aeration and oxygenation device, which is used to monitor the ammonia nitrogen (NH4 + ), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH value, temperature and other parameters, and maintain water quality stability through aeration, biodegradation, water circulation, etc.; The nutrient recycling module, based on the eutrophic characteristics of eel breeding wastewater, utilizes the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption capacity of the watercress root system to achieve efficient utilization of surplus nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, and reduces the risk of eutrophication of the water body through biological purification.

8. The integrated breeding system of rice field eel and watercress according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water quality control module comprises: Solid-liquid separation device, used to remove suspended particles and organic residues in water and reduce sedimentation; Microbial degradation system, including nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria culture units, is used to convert ammonia nitrogen (NH4 + ) is converted into nitrate (NO3 - ) and further reduced to nitrogen (N2), reducing the pollution load on water bodies; The hydraulic control device is used to adjust the water flow rate, optimize the growth environment of the eel, and avoid low flow rate causing hypoxia or high flow rate affecting the eel's habitat behavior.

9. The integrated breeding system of rice field eel and watercress according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nutrient circulation module comprises: Watercress planting beds use floating planting, substrate-fixed planting or three-dimensional hydroponics to optimize the root system's ability to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the water; The water flow guidance system ensures that the aquaculture water rich in organic matter can be evenly distributed to the planting area through water pumps and gravity return mechanisms, thereby improving water purification efficiency; The breeding-planting interactive control system is used to dynamically adjust the water exchange frequency and water flow rate according to the growth cycle of watercress, root absorption rate and water quality monitoring data, so as to optimize the synergistic effect of breeding and planting.

10. The integrated breeding system of rice field eel and watercress according to claim 7, characterized in that: The system also includes an intelligent management module, specifically including: Water quality data collection terminal, integrating pH sensor, conductivity sensor, dissolved oxygen sensor, to realize automatic collection of water quality parameters; Remote monitoring and control system, based on the Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, supports real-time data upload and data analysis through cloud servers to generate water quality fluctuation warnings, breeding density optimization suggestions, and planting cycle management strategies; The intelligent feeding device, combined with the eel feeding behavior monitoring data, can accurately control the amount of bait released, reduce the pollution of water quality by residual bait, and improve feed utilization.

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